Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
October/November 2007
Course Admin
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Introductions
Lets get off to a good start
Introduce yourself
Name & Role
Background
Agenda
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Day 4
Course Objective
To teach basic concepts of Process Safety.
To provide a basic knowledge and understanding
of process hazards in operating plants.
To illustrate the value of industrial accident
case studies in managing process safety.
To describe how Process Safety can be
managed
What is
Process Safety?
PERSONAL SAFETY
Control of
Work
Standard
Integrity Management
Standard
Driving
Standard
Marine
Standard
Segment Guidelines
Why PS?
VIDEO
Pemex 1984
and
Pasadena 1989
Esso Longford
BP Grangemouth 1987
Mardi Gras
In Salah
Whiting Pipe
Still
Mersin tank
fire
Thunderhorse
Texas City
bpTrinidad
Texas City
Ultraformer
BTC
Substances?
LEAKS
SPILLS
MECHANICAL FAILURE
FIRE
EXPLOSION
TOXIC EFFECTS
INJURIES
DAMAGE
BUSINESS LOSS
Process Integrity
Knowledge and understanding of your process.
What is the operating envelope for each process?
How much variation in feedstock and operating
conditions is tolerable?
Incident Distribution
Catastrophic Loss
10
Major Incidents
30
Serious Incidents
600
Minor Incidents
Iceberg Concept
PHYSICAL
CAUSES
WATER
LINE
Understanding Incidents
An incident is any unplanned, unexpected event
which results in significant loss.
Incidents involve the release and direct contact of
hazardous substances with people, equipment and
the environment.
What is the impact from an incident?
TO P EVENT
BARRIERS
BARRIERS
ESCALATION
ESCALATION CONTROLS
CONTROLS
C
O
N
S
E
Q
U
E
N
C
E
Stages of safety
Effectiveness in Risk
Reduction
Appraise
Select
Define
Inherent
Safety
Execute
Engineered
Safety
Research Phase
Procedural
Safety
Engineering Phase
Conception
Operate
Approval
Operating Phase
Startup
~ 4 years
25+ years
Layers of Protection
Layers of Safety
PPE
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
PHYSICAL
SAFEGUARDS
OPERATING PRACTICES
CONTROL STRATEGY
ENGINEERING
PRACTICES
TECHNOLOGY
OP CONDITIONS
Less inventory
Lower hazard materials
Reduce operating severity
Simplify design
Leadership / Accountability
Process Safety Information
Process Risk Management
Engineering Systems
Process & Mechanical Integrity
Management of Change
Pre-Startup Safety Review
Operating Procedures
Training / Competence
Employee Participation
Contractor Management
Safe Work Practices
Emergency Preparedness
Incident Investigation
Process Safety Knowledge
Process Safety Audit