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3rd Grade Science, Unit 1 Changes in Motion

Push and Pull


GLCE
P.FM.E.3 Force A force is either a push or a pull. The motion of objects can be
changed by forces. The size of the change is related to the size of the force. The
change is also related to the mass of the object on which the force is being
exerted. When an object does not move in response to a force, it is because the
environment is applying another force.
P.FM.03.35 Describe how a push or a pull is a force.
S.IP.03.11 Make purposeful observations of motion of objects in terms of
direction.
S.IP.03.12 Generate questions based on observations of objects in motion.
S.RS.03.11 Demonstrate similarities and differences in the motion of objects in
terms of direction through various illustrations, performances or activities.
Background
1. Describe means to tell or depict in spoken or written words that a force is
a push or pull.
2. Force is a push or a pull on an object or substance by another object or
substance.
3. A push is to move an object away.
4. A pull is to move an object toward.
5. Forces can change the shape of an object or speed up, slow down,
change the direction, start or stop the motion of an object.
6. Examples of forces are limited to gravity and pushes and pulls caused by
people, machines, magnets or nature (wind and water).
Vocabulary
Force
Push
Pull
Materials
large cardboard box, helium balloon, brick
butcher paper and markers
(optional) Push/Pull table
(optional) Push/Pull Venn Diagram
pencil

Procedure
Building background knowledge
1. Fix a large brightly colored helium balloon with tape near where you
will be speaking.
2. Walk in with large cardboard box (apparently very heavy) and hold it on
the edge of a table, ensuring that the box can be seen to project a long
way over the edge of the table.
3. Ask a student to attach the balloon to the end of the box away from the
table.
4. Leave go of the box (which stays in place because there is a brick
inside it)
5. Ask students to predict whether or not the box will fall if the balloon is
removed.
6. Ask a student to remove the balloon and show that the box is still
balanced.
7. Have the class discuss possibilities for why the box is still balanced
8. Show the students the brick that was holding the box in place
Lesson adapted from
http://www.iop.org/activity/outreach/Resources/Physicists_and_Primary_Schools
_Project/Topics/Forces%20and%20Gravity/page_5835.html

Continuing lesson
1. Challenge students to find obejcts in the classroom, school, or outside
that need either a pull or a push (or both) to make them move.
There may be more objects that require both a push/pull; you may
want to change the verbage in the lesson to include items that
MOSTLY need a pull or a push to make them move
2. Complete Push/Pull table-can be found at:
http://www.firstschoolyears.com/science/forces/worksheets/push%20or
%20pull%20table.doc
OR Push/Pull Venn Diagram can be found at:
http://www.firstschoolyears.com/science/forces/worksheets/push%20or
%20pull%20venn%20diagram.doc

Lesson adapted from


http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/pdf/primaryschemes/sci1e.pdf

Extensions
Complete a KWL Chart about pushing/pulling
Video clip(s)-push and pull
www.discoveryeduction.com (need subscription)
www.brainpopjr.com (need subscription)
Worksheet(s)-push and pull
www.edhelper.com (need subscription to access some worksheets)
Read book(s) about push/pull
On-line game(s) (push/pull concepts)
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/5_6/pushes_pulls.shtml
http://www.firstschoolyears.com/science/resources/games/forces/pushes.htm
http://www.firstschoolyears.com/science/resources/games/forces/quiz/quiz.htm
Play Push/Pull charades
Use the action portrayed as new words for the song, Here
We Go Round the Mulberry Bush.
Each time the students come to the last phrase in the song,
end with the words with a push or a pull in the morning.
Music and lyrics can be found at:
http://kids.niehs.nih.gov/lyrics/mulberry.htm
Idea taken from http://www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview.cgi?
LPid=9693
Challenge students to find toys at home that require a push/pull to move
and have them create their own table or Venn Diagram

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