Review Topic 3: Quadratic relationships

Short answer

x
Solve for .
( x 2 4) 2 7( x 2 4) 8 0
a

2 x 2 3 x( x 2) 1
b

12
2
x2

3 x 2x

Solve the following quadratic inequations.

2 x2 5x 3 0
a

10 x 2 0

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20 x 2 20 x 5 0

Sketch the graphs of the following, showing all key points.

y 2( x 3)( x 1)
a

y 1 ( x 2) 2
b

y x2 x 9
c

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y 2 x 2 4
d

Factorise over R.
x 2 20 x 24
a

4 x2 2 x 9

For what values of

kx 2 4 x( k 2) 36 0
does the equation

have no real roots?

Use an algebraic method to find the coordinates of the points of intersection of the
y x2
y x2 2 x
parabola
and the line
.
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y x2

y x2 2 x
b Sketch

and

on the same set of axes.

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y x2 2 x
c

Give an algebraic description of the region enclosed by the parabola

y x2
the line
.

i For what value of

y xk
is the line

and

y x2 2 x
a tangent to the parabola

ii Sketch this tangent on the diagram drawn in part b, identifying the point of
contact with the parabola.

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Multiple choice

( x 2)( x 1) 4
1

The solutions of the equation

x 2, x 1
A
x 6, x 1
B
x 6, x 1
C
x 3, x 2
D
x 3, x 2
E
The values of
0.6, 1
A
0.6, 1
B
0.3,1.9
C
0.3, 1.9
D
0.2, 3
E

for which

are:

5 x 2 8 x 3 0

are closest to:

y ax 2 bx c
3

For the graph of the parabola

is correct?

A
B
C
D
E

a0
a0

a0
a0

a0

and
and
and
and
and

shown, with

b 2 4ac

, which statement

0
0

0
0

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(4,3)

y x2
4

The parabola with equation

The equation of the image is:
y ( x 4) 2 3
A
y ( x 3) 2 4
B
y ( x 4) 2 3
C
y ( x 3) 2 4
D
y 4 x 2 3
E

If
A
B
C
D

is translated so that its image has its vertex at

( x b) 2 c

x2 4x 6

is expressed in the form

b 2, c 10

then the values of

and

would be:

b 2, c 10
b 4, c 2
b 4, c 2
b 2, c 8

E
The equation of the parabola shown is:

y x 2 2 x 24
A
y 0.5 x 2 x 12
B
y x 2 2 x 24
C
y 0.5 x 2 x 12
D
y ( x 1)2 12
E
{x : x 2 4 x}
7

The solution set of

is:
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{x : x 4}
A
B
C
D

{x : 4 x 0}
{x : 0 x 4}
{x : x 0} { x : x 4}
{x : x 4} {x : x 0}

E
8

A quadratic graph touches the x-axis at

equation is:
y ( x 6) 2 10
A
y ( x 6)( x 10)
B
5
y x 2 10
18
C
5
y ( x 6) 2
18
D
5
y ( x 6) 2
18
E

x 6

y 10
and cuts the y-axis at

. Its

y 3x 2 10 x 2
9

The x-coordinates of the points of intersection of the parabola

2x y 1
line
can be determined from the equation:
2
3 x 10 x 2 0
A
3 x 2 12 x 3 0
B
x2 6x 1 0
C
3x2 8 x 1 0
D
(2 x 1) 2 0
E

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with the

10 The maximum value of

5
A
4
B
3
C
1
D
1
E

4 2x x 2

is:

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Extended response

At a winter skiing championship, two competitors, one from Japan and the other from
Canada, compete for the gold medal in one of the jump events.

Each competitor leaves the ski run at point S and travels through the air, landing back on
the ground at some point G. The winner will be the competitor who covers the greater
horizontal distance OG.
h
metres) above the ground is described
The Canadian skier jumps first and her height (
1
h ( x 2 60 x 700)
x
35
by
, where metres is the horizontal distance travelled.
a Show that the point S is 20 metres above O.

b How far does the Canadian skier jump?

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The Japanese skier jumps next and she reaches a maximum height of 35 metres above
30
the ground after a horizontal distance of
metres has been covered.
x
h
Assuming the path is a parabola, form the equation for in terms of which
describes this competitors path.

d Decide which competitor receives the gold medal. Your decision should be supported
with appropriate mathematical reasoning.

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The diagram shows the arch of a bridge where the shape of the curve, OAB, is a parabola.
OB is the horizontal road level. Taking O as the origin, the equation of the curve OAB is
y 2.5 x 0.3125 x 2
. All measurements are in metres.

Calculate the length of OB, the span of the bridge.

b How far above the road is the point A, the highest point on the curve?

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5
A car towing a caravan needs to drive under the bridge. The caravan is metres wide
2
and has a height of metres. Only one single lane of traffic can pass under the
bridge. Explain clearly, using mathematical analysis, whether the caravan can be
towed under this bridge.

To avoid accidents, the bridge engineers decide to place height and width limits. Only
vehicles whose height and width fit into the greatest allowable dimensions are
permitted to travel under the bridge.

( x, y)
P
lies on the curve and is a corner of the rectangle formed by the height and width
restrictions.
w
x
d Express the width
of the rectangle in terms of .

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3.2

If the height restriction is

m, calculate the x-coordinate of P.

Would the caravan be permitted to be towed under the bridge under these restrictions?

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ABCD is a rectangle of length one more unit than its width. Point F lies on AB and
x :1
x
1
divides AB in the ratio
so that AF is units in length and FB is unit in length.
x :1
Point G lies on DC and divides DC in the same ratio,
.
a Draw a diagram showing this information.

b What is the width of rectangle ABCD?

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If the area of the square AFGD is one more square unit than the area of the rectangle
x2 x 1 0
FBCG, show that
.

d Hence find the value of

in simplest surd form.

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The value found for

1

is called the Golden ratio and usually given the symbol

Calculate

and give its relationship to the other root of the equation

1
1

Show

and explain this relationship using the equation

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x2 x 1 0

x2 x 1 0

17

Ignoring air resistance, the path of a cricket ball hit by a batsman can be considered to
(0, 0)
travel on a parabolic path which starts at the point
where the ball is struck by the
batsman.
x
Let metres measure the horizontal distance of the ball from the batsman in the
y
direction the ball travels, and metres measure the vertical height above the ground that
the ball reaches.

65
A batsman hits a cricket ball towards a fielder who is
metres away. The ball is struck
28
with a horizontal speed of
m/s, which is assumed to remain constant throughout the
4.9
flight of the ball. On its way, the ball reaches a maximum height of
metres after
1
second.
a Calculate the coordinates of the turning point of the quadratic path of the ball.

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b Form the equation of the path of the ball.

The fielder starts running forward at the instant the ball is hit and catches it at a height
1.3
of
metres above the ground.
Calculate the time it takes the fielder to reach the ball.

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d Hence obtain the uniform speed in m/s with which the fielder runs in order to catch
the ball.

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Review answers
Short answer

a
b
c

x 2
x 3 2 2

x 4
x

9
4

a
b
c

1
or x 3
2

10 x 10

xR

(3, 0), ( 1, 0)
a

x-intercepts

(0, 6)
; y-intercept

(1, 8)
; turning point

(2,1)
b x-intercepts (3, 0), (1, 0); y-intercept (0, 3); turning point

( 0.5,8.75)
c

No x-intercepts; y-intercept (0, 9); turning point

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d x-intercepts

2, 0

(0, 4)
; y-intercept and turning point

x 10 2 31 x 10 2 31
4

; region above closed

1 37
1 37
4 x
x

4
4

5
6

b
1 k 4

(2, 0), (1,3)

a

( 2, 0), (0, 0)

(1, 1)
; turning point
(2, 0), (1,3)
Line through (2, 0), (0, 2). Both graphs meet at
.

b Parabola: x-intercepts

y x2
c

y x2 2x

and
1
k
4

ii The tangent is added to the graph in part b. Point of contact:

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1 3
,
2 4

.
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Multiple choice

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

D
C
B
C
A
B
C
E
B
A

Extended response

1 a

1 2
( x 60 x 700)
35
h

1
(700)
35

x0
When
,
(0, 20)
h 20
and the point S is
.
Therefore, S is 20 metres above O.
70
b
metres
1
h ( x 30)2 35
60
c
d Japanese competitor wins
8
a
metres
5
b
metres
c The caravan can be towed under the bridge.
2x 8
d
6.4
e
f No
a

b
c

units

Area measure of rectangle AFGD is

Area measure of rectangle FBCG is

x2

.
1 x x

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 x2 x 1
x2 x 1 0

1 5
2

1
1 5

2
e
1 5
1
2
1 5 2

2
5 1

and:
1
1 5

5 1
2
1

x
As
is a root of
2
1 0

x2 x 1 0

( 1) 1
1
1

(28, 4.9)
4

a
y

c
d

13
7

1
( x 28) 2 4.9
160

seconds

m/s

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