Sample Interview Questions MECH

1.
What is a boiler?
Boiler is to generate steam at a desired pressure and temperature.
2.
What is the difference between fire tube and water tube boiler?
In fire tube boiler the hot flue gases flow inside the tubes while water surrounds the tubes and In
water tube boiler the water flows inside the tubes while hot flue gases surrounds the tubes.
3.
What is the difference between Locomotive and Lancashire boiler?
Locomotive boiler is a portable boiler and Lancashire boiler is a stationary or land type boiler.
4.
How much the thermal efficiency of a boiler?
It is about 85-88% on fairly efficient working.
5.
What is draught?
Draught means a force which is created due to small pressure difference in stream of flue gas or
air, which causes the flow to take place.
6.
What is the function of Fusible Plug, Feed Check Valve, Superheater, superheated
steam, Pressure gauge, water level gauge, dampers?
Fusible Plug: For safety against exposing the flue tube to excessive heat when the water level
falls to low.
Feed Check Valve: Feed water is supplied to the boiler under pressure, feed check valve stop
its escaping back.
Superheater: Its purpose is to increase the temperature of saturated steam without raising its
pressure.
Superheated steam: When the dry steam is further heated at a constant pressure, thus raising
its temperature, it is said to be superheated steam.
Pressure gauge: It is measuring the pressure of steam.
Water level gauge: Its indicate the level of water.
Dampers: Dampers are for controlling the flue of gases.
7.
What are the advantages of water tube boiler over fire tube boiler?
i. Ratio of water content to steam capacity is less.
ii. Rate of steam generation is quicker.
iii. It occupies less space for a given power.

8.
What is the inclined angle of tubes in Babcock & Wilcox Boilers and why?
The water tubes are inclined 5 to 15 0 to promote water circulation.
9.
What is the difference between Boiler Mountings and Accessories?
Boiler Mountings are the fittings, which are mounted on the boiler for its proper and safe
functioning Boiler accessories are the devices which are used as integral parts of a boiler, and
help in running efficiently.
10.
Which are the high pressure steam boilers?
Loeffler, Benson and Lamont boiler.
11.
What is the capacity of steam and pressure in Babcock and Wilcox boiler?
Steaming capacity is 20000 to 40000 kg/hr and Operating pressure is 40 bar.
12.
What is the capacity of steam and pressure in Lancashire boiler?
Steaming capacity is 8000 kg/hr and Operating pressure is 15 bar.
13.
What is the capacity of steam and pressure in Locomotive boiler?
Steaming capacity is 4500 to 7000 kg/hr and Operating pressure is 21 bar.
14.
What is heat Engine?
Heat engines are the devices that transform chemical energy of fuel into thermal energy, which
is then converted into mechanical energy to perform useful work.
15.
What is the difference between Internal Combustion and External Combustion Engines?
i. In I.C engine the fuel burnt inside the engine cylinder and in E.C engine the fuel burnt outside
the engine cylinder.
ii. Working pressure and temperature inside the cylinder is very high and E.C engine working
pressure and temperature inside the cylinder is low.
16.
What is the thermal efficiency of steam engine?
It is about 15-20%
17.
What are the different advantages of steam turbines over steam engines?
i. They can operate at high temperatures, and can expand to a lower exhaust pressure than that
in the steam engine. Thus efficiency of steam turbine is more.
ii. Since the turbine has no reciprocating masses, it has more uniform torque and less vibration.
iii. Their governing is easier and maintenance is less.
18.
What is the function of D-Slide valve, Eccentric, Flywheel and Governor, Steam chest,
Cross-head?
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D-Slide valve: Its function is to exhaust steam from the cylinder at proper moment.
Eccentric: Its function is to provide reciprocating motion to the slide valve.
Flywheel: Its function is to prevent the fluctuation of the engine. Its also prevents the jerks
to the crank shaft.
Governor: It is a device to keep the engine speed, more or less, uniform at all load
conditions. It is done either by controlling the quantity or pressure of the steam supplied to the
engine.
Steam chest: It supplies steam to the cylinder with the movement of D-Slide valve.
Cross-head: its function is to guide motion of the piston rod and to prevent it from
bending.
19.
On which cycle a steam engine works?
Steam engines works on Rankin cycle.
20.
What are the internal combustion engines?
In which the energy of fuel air mixture is released by combustion in the engine cylinder itself is
called I.C Engine.
21.

What is the difference between the Diesel Engines and Petrol Engines?
i. A Petrol engine draws a mixture of petrol and air during suction stroke and in diesel
engine draws only air during suction stroke.
ii. The running cost of petrol engine is high because of the higher cost of petrol and the
running cost of diesel engine is low because of the low cost of diesel.
22.

What is the difference between 2-Stroke and 4-Stroke Engines?

i. In a TWO STROKE engine, the working cycle is completed in two strokes of the piston
or one revolution of crank shaft and in FOUR STROKES engine, the working cycle is completed
in four strokes of the piston or two revolution of the crankshaft.
ii. The design of two strokes engine is simple and the design of four stroke engine is
complicated.
23.
How much the thermal efficiency of I.C engine?
The thermal efficiency of I.C engine is 30 to 35%
24.
What is the function of Carburetor, spark plug, crank shaft, crank and piston rings, cam
shaft and injection nozzles?
Carburetor: The carburetor is a device for atomizing and vaporizing the and mixing it with
the air in the varying proportion to suit the charging operations conditions of the engines. The
process of breaking up and mixing the fuel with the air is called carburetor.
Spark plug: It is used for igniting the charge of petrol engine.
Crank shaft: The function of the camshaft is to convert the reciprocating motion of the
piston into the rotary motion with the help of connecting rod.
Piston rings: Generally there are two type of rings mounted on the piston. The function of
the upper rings is to provide air tight seal to prevent leakage of the burnt gases into the lower
portion. Similarly, the function of the lower rings is to provide effective seal to prevent leakage of
the oil into the engine cylinder.
Cam shaft: It is driven from the crank shaft by timing gear on a chain. It operates the
intake valve and the exhaust valve through the cams, cams followers, push rods and rocker
arms.
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Injection nozzles: The mechanism by which fuel is introduced into the combustion space
is known as injectors, atomizers, sprayers, nozzles etc.
25.

How much the air fuel mixture of petrol engine?

Lower limit- 7 : 1 to 10 : 1
Upper limit- 20 : 1
Theoretically- 15 : 1

26.
What is the compression ratio of petrol engine?
Compression ratio of petrol engine is 7 to 10.
27.
What is the compression ratio of diesel engine?
Compression ratio of diesel engine is 16to 20.
28.

How much voltage produces in spark plug?

Voltage produces in spark plug is 20000 to 25000.

29.
On which cycle Diesel and Petrol engine works?
Diesel engine works on diesel cycle and petrol engine work on Otto cycle.
30.
Which thermal efficiency is higher as compare to diesel and petrol engine?
Petrol Engine.
31.
What is Hardness?
The property of a metal by virtue of which it is able to resist abrasion, indentation
(or penetration) and scratching by harder bodies.
32.
What is the difference between Rockwell and Brinell method of hardness testing?
In Rockwell test we get quick and direct reading and in Brinell test we get by calculation.
33.
What is Impact?
Suddenly load applied is called impact blows.
34.
What is Impact Strength?
The capacity of a metal to withstand such blows without fracture is known as impact resistance
or impact strength.
35.

What is the difference between Charpy and Izod test method of impact testing?
i. In Charpy test the specimen is placed horizontally as a simply supported beam and in
Izod test the specimen is placed vertically as a cantilever beam.
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ii. In charpy test the angle of striking hammer is 140 0 and in Izod test the angle of striking
hammer is 900.

36.
What is the necessity of making a notch in impact test specimen?
In order to concentrate the stress on the point of V-Notch. Such that it will fail just like a brittle
material.
37.
Define Stress?
When an external load is applied on any body it offers the internal resistance per unit area is
called stress.
38.
What is strain?
Strain is defined as the ratio of change in length v/s original length.
39.
What is Hooks law?
As per Hooks law under elastic condition stress is directly proportional to the strain developed
in the body. The constant is called Youngs modulus of elasticity.
40.
What is Poissons ratio?
It is the ratio of Lateral strain to longitudinal strain and denoted by .
41.
What is a Centrifugal compressor?
If the flow of air through the compressor is perpendicular to its axis.
42.
what is the The performance of air compressor at high altitudes?
It will be lower as compared to that at sea level
43.
What are Rotary compressors are used for?
It is used to handle Large quantities of air at low pressure
44.

.What is relative humidity?

The atmosphere always contains moisture in the form of water vapour. The maximum amount of
water vapour that may be contained in the air depends on the temperature of the air and the
higher the temperature of the air, the more water vapour may be contained. At high
temperatures and high moisture contents extreme discomfort is experienced as the evaporation
of moisture from the body into the atmosphere by the process of perspiration becomes difficult.
In the air conditioning process the moisture content of the air may be reduced by the use of a
cooling coil or added by the use of a humidifier.
The term relative humidity is simply a ratio between the actual moisture content of the air
compared with the moisture content of the air required for saturation at the same temperature, ie
at 100% relative humidity (also known as saturation point).
The air conditioning engineer uses the psychrometric chart to analyse how the state of moist air
alters as an air conditioning process takes place.
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45.

What is air conditioning?

The purpose of air conditioning is to control the filtration, air movement, temperature and
humidity of an atmospheric environment. Air conditioning is always associated with the cooling
and dehumidification process of air and is always therefore identified with refrigeration
equipment.
46.

What is mixed flow ventilation / air conditioning?

Mixed flow describes a method of air distribution from an air conditioning or ventilation system.
It has been and still is the most widely used method of supplying air into an atmosphere being
air conditioned. This form of air distribution commonly uses ceiling diffusers or wall grilles at high
level. As most air conditioning units are manufactured for the mixed flow air distribution market
the associated air handling equipment has also been developed for the mixed flow market.This
air handling equipment is therefore widely available and at very competitive costs as there are
many manufacturers of this equipment throughout the world.
47.
What does The drive line consists of?
Universal joints and slip joints
48.

What happens to the ring gear On a straight road?

It Rotates at the same speed as wheels

49.

What brakes we use in Jeeps?

Hydraulic Brakes
50.

What is speed reduction in gear systems?

It means Torque Increase.

57.

Is heat a quantitative measurement or a qualitative measurement?

Temperature is a qualitative measurement

58.

What is latent heat?

Latent Heat is the heat given up or absorbed by a substance as it changes state. It is called
latent because it is not associated with a change in temperature

59.

What is an insulator?
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Electrical wires are coated with an insulating material so electricity stays in the conductor
(wire). Thermal insulation on the other hand tries to keep heat from transferring.

60.

What is enthalpy?

Enthaply is the total amount of heat in one Lb. of a substance. It's units are therefore BTU/Lb.
The metric counterpart is kJ/Kg. (kilo joules/kilogram)

61.

What is liquid slugging?

A liquid can not be compressed and if a compressor tries to compress a liquid something is
going to break and it's not going to be the liquid. The compressor can suffer catastrophic
mechanical damage. This unwanted situation is called liquid slugging.

62.

Why is a heat pump more efficient than other types of heating systems?

A heat pump is an Air Conditioning system which can also provide very efficient heating. It takes
less energy to relocate heat than it does to create it. Just as a refrigeration system removes and
relocates heat from a cooler or freezer, so too does a heat pump remove heat from cold outdoor
air and relocate it to within a building. A 4 way reversing valve is used to swap the functions of
the evaporator and condenser in order to change from cooling to heating mode.

63.

What does COP stand for?

Rankine is the English version of an absolute temperature scale. Add 460 degrees to Fahrenheit
temperatures to obtain the Rankine temperature.

64.

What is the application of a Hot Gas By-Pass valve on an evaporator?

It is called an A/C Thermo Control Amplifier. As the temperature is decreasing the circuit opens
around 38 to 37 F to turn off the compressor. There is a one to two degree hysteresis in the unit
to prevent rapid cycling of the compressor.

65.
What is the significance of the t.d. (temperature difference) across an evaporator
(cooler)?
The t.d. affects the amount of moisture extracted during the refrigeration process and
consequently can affect the product being stored.
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66.

What are the advantages of a Vertical Evaporator Ice cuber?

Vertical Evaporator Ice Cubers occupy less space, consume less electricity, are easy to service
and maintain as they have fewer moving parts, and are less prone to breakdowns

67.

What type of testing do Accumulators, Inc. pressure vessels receive?

Most Accumulators, Inc. pressure vessels are subject to ASME specified high-pressure hydro
tests, magnetic particle tests, chemical analysis, physical analysis, hardness tests, charpy test
analysis, and dimensional inspections.

68.

What is a pressure vessel?

A pressure vessel is defined as"a vessel in which the pressure is obtained from an indirect
source or by the application of heat from an indirect source or a direct source.

69.

What is the difference between Gas Turbine and gas engine in Gas Power plant?
gas turbine will help manufacturing and gas engines works according to it
gas turbine is a prime mover which run the gas engine to generate power.

70.

Write the relation between EER, COP , SEER in airconditioning?

SEER=EER/0.9
SEER=COP X 3.729
SEER=COP X 3.412

71.

what is the basic concept of mechanical maintenance

The basic concept of mechanical maintenance is to correctly monitor the operational

parameters,inspect the equipment during the operation to verify the correct functional
performance for which it is intended and if observed any faults then repair them immediately to
maintain safe and reliable operation of that machine/ device/ equipment.

72.

What is the diffrence between four strock and two strock ic engine

in four stroke engine two revolution crank shaft one power stroke will be produced.
in two stroke engine one revolution crank shaft one power stroke will be produced.

73.

What is the function of Clapper box in a shaper?

It facilitates the tool free from cutting in return stroke.

74.

what is the injection moulding?

A manufacturing method where molten material is forced into a mold, usually under high
pressure, and then cooled so the material takes on the shape of the mirror image of the mold.

75.

What trouble could result if the main engine is using a low grade of fuel?

advance or delay combustion then knocking and break down or no fire in cylinder.

76.

How to calculate per kW how much fuel conssume in DG set?

basicaly here is no any calculation for fuel consumption per kw this is depend upon your
gernater efficiency simply you can calculat your consumption in KWH/day divided by your fuel
consumption/day

77.

what is entropy acc to new concept?//

It is the degree of randomness of molecules

78.

difference between steam hammering and water hammering

Actually the main difference between steam hammering and water hammering is, In a steam
pipe if there is some water accumulation it is carried over by the high pressure and high
temperature steam and it creates hammering this is known as water hammering in steam pipes
Similarly in a water pipe is steam enters it will create some sound this is known as steam
hammering.
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79.

Define a flash in mould making?

This term occurs in two processes 1.Die casting(moulding process) 2.Impression die forging.In
both cases it is unnecessary metal that is formed during process which is trimmed off later.

80.
Which engine is more suitable over all petrol engine, diesel engine what are their
differences?
diesel engines are more preferred. the compression ratio usually ranges from 18 to 24.more the
CR more the thermal efficiency. also diesel engines are robust and reliable. A turbocharged
diesel engine has much improved power to weight ratio with added fuel economy,reduced
noise,vibration & emission and finally long lasting survive life.

81.

Why can't you use centrifugal pumps for pumping viscous fluids?

because in centrifugal pump,if the density of the fluid is higher means viscous fluid,the power
consumed is very much higher and there will be a chance of changing the shape of the impeller
or it may bend. centrifugal pump rotates very fast and so it wont easily pump viscous material
because higher viscosity of fluid which increases the friction with the blading. viscous material
need thrust or force to push ahead,so for that it is more convenient not to use centrifugal pump.
82.

what is spherical surface contact and midsplit surface clearance regarding to turbine.

100% contact between shaft and gauge.

83.

In orifice why the pressure and temperature are decreases?

Orfice plate small opening hole is provided , whenever fluid comes out the small hole pressurer
reduced correstion temperature also it is reduced.

84.

what is difference between annealing,tempering and normalizing

ANNEALING - heating the material and cooling in furnace/air to impart ductility,relieve stress,
TEMPERING - reheating below critical temperature after quenching to increase ductility.
NORMALIZING- heating to achieve even grain structure. remove effects of previous heat
treatment..
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85.

What is the color of the flame of the boiler running in good condition?

The Color of Flame of a Boiler running in good condition is Golden Yellow

86.

What is vacuuming in air conditioning and why we do it.

vacuming in airconditining,is a proseses to use vacumise the refrigeration sield system.during

vacuuming prosess we remove all forigoen contents of air.

87.

What are the types of welding machine?

types of welding machines are:1)arc welding machine 2) fusion welding machine 3)resistance
weldind machine 4)solid state welding machine

88.

What is the press tool?

A press, or a machine press is a tool used to work metal (typically steel) by changing its shape
and internal structure

89.

What is the melting temperature of the boiler fusible plug?

the melting temperature of the core of fusible metal plug is 327.5 degress(which is the melting
temp of lead).since lead or tin is used as the core in fusible metal plug

90.

What is the difference between head & total head in pump

Total head is the sum of pressure head and suction head. Pressure head refers to the height
upto the pump can suck the water and the pressure head refers to the height which the pump
can force the water.

91.

How do we calculate the CFT?

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Assuming cft as cubic feet, just mutiply length, bredth and height

92.

Name fuels used in nuclear power plant?

uranium (u232) ,thorium,thorium.urnium is not availabke in india we have to import from usa .but
thorium,thorium are available in india.

93.

which cycle used in diesel engine

diesel cycle.
94.

dQ-dW=1 which of the law is obeyed by the equation

THIS is the first law of thermodyanamics

95.

Function of the strainer in ic engine?

Function of the strainer is to filter the oil from the sump and then to supply to the engine
96.

What is mean by Resistance welding

this is one type of welding which generates heat due to contact resistance when electric current
is passed across.types of resistance welding spot,projection,percussion,seam etc

97.

What is difference between Installation and Commissing ?

installing means just install any device or machine in without working condition. and
commissioning means to run that same machine or device that was installed. to convert that
dead machine into working condition properly according to the desired paramaters on safe
condition is known as commissioning

98.

how to design a sheet metal bracket?

Take a metal sheet then mark with pencil on sheet metal and cut shape as per dimension and
then fold all side.
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99.

name two primary reference fuels use to measure the antiknock quality of ci engines?

cetane (C16H34)& alpha-methylnapthalene(C10H7CH3)

100.

In a thermal power plant : Why the Deaerator is placed at height and mostly at 15.5mtr?

so as to net positive suction head( NPSH) for the boiler feed pump(BFP) in conjucture with
booster pump

101.

When is the maximum load on the lift/elevator,during ascending or descending?Explain.

maximum load on lift will be more during ascending since during descending it wll be
regenerative breaking.

102.

State the difference between Forging & Fabrication?

Forging is forming a component in a press or hammer. Fabrication is process of manufacring

component by cutting,machining and welding and all. for example when you want to have a
bench or table, you need to fabricate it. But when you need to manufacture a a car door, it is to
be forged. even your coins are produced using forging, but the operation is known as punching.
103.

what is pulverisation?

Making coal in the fine particles/ powder for complete combustion in the furnance.

104.

what is the advantages and dis advantages of critical speed of turbine

turbine shaft also have its own frequency,if the natural frequency will meet this frequency,at that
time resonance will occur and maximum vibration will occur,this will create more noise.so at this
speed the chances of the breakdown or failure is maximum. at this speed maximum output can
be get. this is a adv.

105.

What will be the cause of the loose compression in a cylinder?

Efficiency will be less

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106.

What is an Economizer?

107.
Economizer is an accessory of Boiler to improve the boiler efficiency
108.

What is a brake horsepower?

in general there are three types of power indicated horsepower,brake horsepower and frictional
power.the power obtained from engine cylinder is indicated hp the power obtained from the
crank shaft is brake hp this indicated hp and brake hp differs by frictional power
109.

why as atmospheric pressure increases,boiling point also increases?

before answering that I have let me introduce one technical word' vapour pressure'.It is the
pressure exerted by the vapour of the concerned substance with that substance at
equilibrium.Usually boiling point is determined by prominancy b/w vapour pressure and
atmospheric pressure.Suppose water is boiling in an open vessel,let atm prssur be 1 bar.At 1
bar ,boiling point is 100C.suppose this is boiled at a higher altitude,say 1km above sea level.atm
presure reduced to .8 bar.but the vapour pressure is still constant for that liquid.Vapour pressure
can oppose lower atms pressure easily than a higher atms pressure sothat vapours can easily
come out out of the lid.Thus ,a liquids boling point reduces at lower atmospheric pressure.
110.

What is auto cad?

software used 2 draw 2D,3D & isometric dimensional diagrams

111.

What is the difference between general arc welding and alumimium welding?

In aluminium welding, we have a aluminum oxide layer over the metal surfae, which is genrally
formed in free aluminum surfaces. This oxide ;ayer is not removed by brushing. So we have to
use the cleaning action whichin the welding process. So during aluminium welding, we use AC
power source, which given sine wave. This cause the breakdown of oxide layer of aluminium.
And in general arc welding technology, we use DCRP or DCSP i.e. reverse or straight polarity
for welding.
112.

What is the composition of Cast Iron ?

Composition of Cast Iron:

Carbon

- 2.5 to 3.7%

Silicon - 1.0 to 3.0%

Manganese - 0.5 to 1.0%
Phophorus - 0.1 to 0.9%
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Sulphur - 0.07 to 0.10%

113.

what is the diffrence between a shaper machine and a planner machine

in shaper the tool is reciprocating and in planner machine the work piece reciprocates
114.

How many types of turbine?

ACTUALLY turbine may be classified as

impulse turbine - pelton wheel
reaction turbine(mixed and axial flow)- francis and kaplan turbine
water, steam turbine are all come under this type da according to the application
115.

what is the function of neck ring in the centrifugal pump?

it prevents from corrosion,rust from the shaft.

116.

whose unit is Psi ?

Pounds per square inch, it is a measurement of pressure.

117.

What is Auto Dosing?

Auto dosing is an automated system of feeding the equipment with liquid products. It is the ideal
way to ensure the correct calibrated dose at the right time every time in auto.
118.

what is second law of thermodyanamic

second law of thermodynamics is a kelvin-planks statement it states that the heat cannot
transfer from cold temp to high temp without any external workdone
119.

what is different between impact and impulse force ?

Impact force is specifically for forces over a short period of time. It is still a force and has the
same unit as force: example kg m /sec^2
Impulse force is force multiplied by time duration and is similar to momentum. Impulse is change
of momentum and has the same unit as momentum: example kg m /sec

120.

Air is a bad conductor of heat.why it becomes hot in summer?

Although air is a bad conductor of heat, it can still get heated up, as it is not completely unable
to conduct heat. Bad conductors of heat do not necessarily have to be unable to conduct heat;
they are only lousier conductors then the good ones like metal. Hence, air still does conduct
heat, only slower.
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