El CONFORT

Carlos A. Herrera
Carlos.Herrera@correounivalle.edu.co

EFICIENCIA ENERGETICA
En general eficiencia es la relacin entre los logros
obtenidos y los recursos gastados

Objetivo a conseguir: ambiente confortable

Recursos gastados:

energa $

( inversin en

equipos + OM)

Confort
Eficiencia energtica edificios =

Energa gastada

EFICIENCIA ENERGETICA

$
CO2

Energa
Gastada

Impacto
ambiental
Salud,
satisfaccin

Consumo de energa en edificaciones

http://www.architecture2030.org/current_situation/bu
ilding_sector.html.

sunhomedesign.wordpress.com

CONFORT
El confort trmico, definido en la norma ISO 7730, es la condicin de
la mente que expresa satisfaccin con el ambiente trmico. Este

confort solo se da cuando la temperatura de la piel es estable dentro

del rango 31,5 C y 34,5C (Cengel, 1998, pg. 709), y la temperatura
del cuerpo est en 37 C. Estas condiciones a su vez dependen de

factores internos (metabolismo) y externos (vestimenta; temperatura,

humedad relativa, velocidad del aire e intercambio radiante con los
alrededores).

Ruido
Calidad aire
Iluminacin
Paisaje
ISO 7730
definicin

CONFORT

Trmico

Aislamiento Requerido

Condiciones de Confort

Sobrecarga Calrica

Balance de Calor
Qentra + Qgenerado = Qsale

Tskin & Tbody

Temperatura Globo
Temperatura Globo
Hmeda
ndice Sudoracin
ET Temperatura Efectiva
Viento Frio

FANGER
NDICES DE CONFORT
RELACIN CON MEDIO AMBIENTE

Tbody ~ 37C

Tskin ~ 34C

Vasodilatacin
+ sudoracin

Vasoconstriccin
+ Tiritar

Qgen (Clo, Met)

Qev (Tr, Ta, a, HR)

http://www.radiantpanelassociation.org/files/public/Part1Draft%28Kim%29.pdf

Cmo el cuerpo regula la temperatura?

Condiciones de confort

Efecto Metabolismo

Efecto Metabolismo

Figura 5: metabolismos segn actividad

Tabla 1: Tasas de metabolismo (segn texto Macquarie University)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Activity
Metabolic rates [M]
W/m2
Met
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------Reclining
46
0.8
Seated relaxed
58
1.0
Clock and watch repairer
65
1.1
Standing relaxed
70
1.2
Sedentary activity (office, dwelling, school, laboratory) 70
1.2
Car driving
80
1.4
Graphic profession - Book Binder
85
1.5
Standing, light activity (shopping, laboratory, light industry) 93
1.6
Teacher
95
1.6
Domestic work -shaving, washing and dressing
100
1.7
Walking on the level, 2 km/h
110
1.9
Standing, medium activity (shop assistant, domestic work) 116
2.0
Building industry -Brick laying (Block of 15.3 kg)
125
2.2
Washing dishes standing
145
2,5
Domestic work -raking leaves on the lawn
170
2.9
Domestic work -washing by hand and ironing (120-220 W/m2) 170
2.9
Iron and steel -ramming the mould with a pneumatic hammer 175
3.0
Building industry -forming the mould
180
3.1
Walking on the level, 5 km/h
200
3.4
Forestry -cutting across the grain with a one-man power saw 205
3.5
Agriculture -Ploughing with a team of horses
235
4.0
Building industry -loading a wheelbarrow with stones and mortar 275
4.7
Sports -Ice skating, 18 km/h
360
6.2
Agriculture -digging with a spade (24 lifts/min.)
380
6.5
Sports -Skiing on level, good snow, 9 km/h
405
7.0
Forestry -working with an axe (weight 2 kg. 33 blows/min.) 500
8.6
Sports -Running, 15 km/h
550
9.5

Efecto vestimenta

Evaluacin del aislamiento por ropa

Tabla 1: Factor de vestimenta No. Clo

El valor de aislamiento trmico de la ropa a menudo se mide con la unidad (Clo),
donde: 1 (Clo) = 0.155 m 2 K / W
(Clo)

Rango en (Clo)

Nivel

Desnudos

0.00

0.00

0.30

Nivel

Ropa Ligera

0.50

0.30

0.70

Nivel

Ropa Media

1.00

0.70

1.30

Nivel

Ropa Pesada

1.50

m s

de

1.30

Coeficiente d e
Transmisin Trmica
Ropa

Ropa Interior

Camiseta

Blusas y Camisas

Pantalones

Suteres

Chaquetas o
Cazadoras

Calcetines y
Zapatos

Faldas

Vestidos

(Clo)

Resistencia
Trmica
m

K / W

tanga

0.02

0.003

interiores cortos

0.03

0.005

inte riores a me d ia p ie rna

0.04

0.006

Sostenedor

0.01

0.002

Ca mise ta s in ma n gas

0.06

0.009

Ca mise ta ma n ga co rta

0.09

0.014

Ca mise ta co n ma ngas largas

0.12

0.019

Ca mise tas co n ma ngas y C ue llo La rgo

0.06

0.009

Manga corta

0.09

0.029

b lusa lige ra co n ma n gas la rgas

0.15

0.023

Ca misa lige ra co n ma n gas larga s

0.20

0.031

No rma l c o n ma ngas la rgas

0.25

0.039

ca misa c o n ma ngas la rgas

0.30

0.047

Blus a ma nga s la rgas c o n c ue llo

0.34

0.053

Pantalones Cortos

0.06

0.009

Be r mud as

0.11

0.017

Pantalones Ligeros

0.20

0.031

Pa nta lo nes N o rma les

0.25

0.039

Pantalones de Franela

0.28

0.043

Suter delgado

0.20

0.031

Sute r fino c o n ma nga s y c ue llo

0.26

0.04

Suter grueso

0.35

0.054

s uter gruesa co n ma nga s y c ue llo

0.37

0.057

C haque ta de lige ra s in forro

0.13

0.02

C haque ta Lige ra de Ve ra no

0.25

0.039

C haque ta de Etiqueta

0.30

0.047

C haque ta

0.35

0.054

C haque ta c on R e lle no
de Plu ma de G a ns o

0.55

0.085

Abrigo

0.60

0.093

Ca lce tines

0.02

0.003

Zapatos

0.02

0.003

Zapatillas

0.03

0.005

Zapatos Altos

0.04

0.006

Ca lce tines de tob illo grue so

0.05

0.008

Botas

0.05

0.008

Ca lce tines la rgos de la na

0.10

0.016

Fa lda lige ra d e 1 5 ce ntme tros p or e nc ima de

la rodilla

0.01

0.016

Fa lda lige ra 1 5 ce ntme tros p or deba jo de la

rodilla

0.18

0.028

Falda Gruesa hasta la rodilla

0.25

0.039

Vestido Ligero sin Mangas

0.25

0.039

Vestido de Invierno
de Ves tir M a nga La rga

0.40

0.062

Mallas de Invierno

0.10

0.016

Figura 1: Calculo del factor de vestimenta por prendas

Temperatura Media Radiante

Figura 1: Temperatura radiante

TEMPERATURA RADIANTE

CONFORT

CONFORT

Sensacin confort = balance carga cuerpo

implica

Tr , To , HR , v , clo , met

Mean Radiant Temperature

Measuring Radiant Temperature Radiant temperature is usually measured with

what it known as a globe thermometer. This is simply a normal dry bulb
thermometer encased in a 150mm diameter matte-black copper sphere whose
absorptivity approaches that of the skin. Hence MRT is sometimes referred to
as globe temperature (GT) as they are nearly equivalent.

ARCHITECTURE&ENVIRONMENT Vol. 5, No. 2, October 2006 : 143-162 ,143

THE EFFECT OF AIR VELOCITY ON THERMAL COMFORT IN HOT AND HUMID CLIMATE
Sangkertadi1 and Ahmed C. Megri2

Design from the inside out

Floor Temperature
Radiant Asymmetry
Humidity
Air Speed (Draft)
Thermal Stratif ication
Temper ature Dri fts

El ndice de Fanger PMV y PPD

(Predicted Mean Vote Index- PMV).

(Predicted Percent Dissatisfied- PPD),

1.- Simulacin Programa: PMVCalc_v2

2.- Simulacin Programa: pSYCHROTOOL

SENSACIONES PARADOJICAS DEL CUERPO HUMANO

PLEA2006 - The 23rd Conference on Passive and Low Energy Architecture, Geneva, Switzerland, 6-8
September 2006

Thermal comfort evaluation

in outdoor space of tropical
humid climate
Letcia Zambrano1; Cristina Malafaia1;2; Leopoldo E.G. Bastos1
1 Programa

de Ps-Graduao em Arquitetura PROARQ-FAU/ Universidade Federal do Rio

de Janeiro
2 Universidade Gama Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

LECTURAS

Thermal Comfort and Productivity

Submitted by Technical University of
Denmark
May 2009

Design of Outdoor Urban

Spaces for Thermal Comfort
by HARRIET J. PLUMLEY,