Empedocles, Hera, and Cratylus 404 c

Author(s): Rosamond K. Sprague

Source: The Classical Review, Vol. 22, No. 2 (Jun., 1972), p. 169
Published by: Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Classical Association
Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/708360
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THE CLASSICAL REVIEW 169

In the light of those considerations there seems to be a strong case for listing

one Euthycles as envoy to Persia in 367 and 333.'

University of Sheffield D. J. MOSLEY

EMPEDOCLES, HERA, AND CRATTLUS 404c

To Professor Guthrie's discussion (Hist. of

of the air, putting the end in place of the

Greek Philosophy, ii. 144-6) of the allocation of

beginning. You will recognize the truth of

the four Empedoclean elements to the four

this if you repeat the letters of Hera several

divinities Zeus, Aidoneus, Hera, and Nestis

times over' (404 c, trans. Jowett). Plato's

might be added a small point in favour of his

somewhat whimsical manner of expressing

decision that Hera is most probably to be

the relationship (jpajpa becoming a&pijp)

associated with Air rather than with Earth.

is perfectly typical of the mood of this

Plato writes in the etymology section of his

section of the Cratylus and need by no means

Cratylus that 'the name [Hera] may have

imply that there was not a real connection in

been given when the legislator was thinking

his mind between the goddess and the

of the heavens, and may only be a disguise

element.

University of South Carolina

ROSAMOND K. SPRAGUE

CALLIMACHUS ON ARATUS' SLEEPLESS NIGHTS

CALLIMACHUS concludes his famous (if

what Callimachus wrote, describing Aratus'

puzzling) epigram on Aratus (A.P. ix. 507 =

poem, the product of 'intense sleepless

xxvii Pfeiffer -- Ivi Gow and Page) with the

nights', by the effort4 which produced it.

words
Compare the similar use of irdvos in both

XaLpeTre Ae7rat

Callimachus (lv Gow/Page) and Asclepiades

(xxviii Gow/Page, with their note).

P77UaLES, Ap77roV U wovog dypv7rvl7.

In corroboration I draw attention to an

Or so at any rate the Palatinus. Two 'Lives' of

early witness to the Palatine text hitherto

Aratus (by Theon and Achilleus) offer

overlooked. The preface to the (probably

instead avdyyovor dypvirvt&g, whence Ruhn-

mid-fifth-century) 'Life of St. Melania'

ken's banal apv'floAov diypv7rvtr~, approved

includes in a long list of the great lady's

by Wilamowitz, Pfeiffer, Beckby, and now

remarkable qualities -r'4v E V- vvovov

Gow and Page. Yet royyovos d&ypv7rvbL7

avz37js &ypvirvtav Kal XaewlvVav &ve8o0rov

(adequately condemned by Bentley) is a

(ed. D. Gorce, 1962, p. 126). Now dypv7rv(a

shaky foundation on which to build, since (as

by itself is an obvious enough, indeed almost

Kaibel saw2) the dypv7rvlr~ is best explained

inevitable, virtue to ascribe to a saint, but

as a deliberate correction of the Palatine

with the epithet advwrovos- the only other

cdypv'rvrl to harmonize with a TYNTONOZ,

example is Callimachus' epigram. Surely an

misread as ?YNFONOW.

echo of Callimachus, &ypv7rvia suggesting

Furthermore, as G. Lohse has recently

avvrovog. I have not noticed any other

observed,3 in the Byzantine epigram A.P. ix.

classical quotations in the 'Life', but the

689. 2, on which Ruhnken's emendation

preface is where one would expect the author

largely rests, aoVpfloAov dypv7rv&lg is used in

to offer all he had. A hagiographer of the

a wholly different sense and context. Lohse

following century, Cyril of Scythopolis, tells

concludes, rightly, that av'vrovos dypvrv7r is

us that he was quite unable to compose the

II am grateful to the Research Fund

note in F. Jacobs' edn. of A.P. (not his

Committee of Sheffield University for its

Animadv. to Brunck's edn.) quoting Theoph.

support.

Sim. Ep. 54, where Medea tells Jason that

2 Hermes, xxix (1894), 121.

his arvrovo dypwvrvia trapX17tKO, viz. that he

3Hermes, xvc (1967), 379-81.

does not stay awake at nights thinking of

4 On this sense of dypvTviLa see too now

her the way he used to. Once more (in

J. Robert, R.E.G. lxxx (1967), 286-7. Mr.

a cultivated Egyptian writer) surely an echo

A. H. Griffiths draws my attention to the

of Callimachus.

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