Nama: _________________________________

Komponen sel dan fungsinya

A
N
B
C
D

E
F

G
K
J
H
I

Organel
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1

Membran plasma
Dinding sel
Sitoplasma
Nukleus
Vakuol
Mitokondrion
Ribosom
Jalinan Endoplasma kasar
Jalinan Endoplasma licin
Jasad Golgi

0
1

Lisosom

1
1

Sentriol

2
1

Kloroplas

Fungsi

1. Draw an animal cells and plant cell that observe under light microscope [4m]
2. Paramecium sp. is a common freshwater protista found in ponds or slow-moving
streams. Discuss the problems faced by Paramecium sp. in a freshwater
environment and explain how it maintains its water balance. [4m]

3. Explain how the cells in diagram below are adapted to carry out their functions.
[10m]- essay

Cell A

Cell B

4. (i) Label P,Q,R, X, Y, and Z [6m]

(ii) In the diagram, label phospholipid bilayer. [1m]

5. Define the following terms :

(i) Simple diffusion
(ii) Osmosis
(iii) Facilitated diffusion
(iv)
Active transport

[8 marks]

1. Lukis satu sel tumbuhan dan sel haiwan yang diperhatikan di bawah mikroskop
cahaya. [2m]
2. Paramecium ialah protista yang biasanya dijumpai di kolam atau sungai air
tawar. Bincangkan masalah yang dihadapi oleh paramecium di persekitaran air

tawar. Terangkan bagaimana organisma ini menekalkan keseimbangan air

dalam sel. [4m]
3. Terangkan bagaimana sel dalam rajah di bawah diubahsuai untuk menjalankan
fungsinya.[10m]

Cell A

Cell B

4. (i) Label P,Q,R,X,Y dan Z.[6m]

(ii) Dalam rajah berikut, labelkan dwilapisan fosfolipid. {1m}

5. Berikan maksud perkataan berikut:

(i)
Resapan ringkas
(ii)
Osmosis
(iii)
Resapan teraruh
(iv)
Pengangkutan aktif

Cellular component and function

[8m]

Organelle
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Cell membrane
Cell wall
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Vacoule
mitochondria
Ribosomes
Rough Endoplasmic

Reticulum
Smooth Endoplasmic

Reticulum
Golgi apparatus

0
1

Lysosomes

1
1

Centrioles

2
1

Choroplast

Function

1. Draw an animal cells and plant cell that observe under light microscope [4m]

2. Paramecium sp. is a common freshwater protista found in ponds or slowmoving streams. Discuss the problems faced in a freshwater environment and
explain how Paramecium sp. maintains its water balance. [5m]

The main problem faced by

Paramecium sp. is continuous
diffusion of water into the cell by
osmosis. This is because the
cytoplasm is more concentrated than
external environment. [1m]
The control of water balance in the
cell ( osmoregulation) is aided by two
contractile vacuoles. [1m]
Contractile vacuole accumulates the
excess water. [1m]
Periodically, the contractile vacuoles
will contract to expel the water
through the plasma membrane. [1m]
This prevents the Paramecium sp.
from bursting.

1.Explain how the cells in diagram below are

adapted to carry out their functions. [10m]

Cell A

Cell B

Cell A is red blood cell. It do not has

nucleus. It has biconcave disc shape.
This increases the surface area of the
cell for gases exchange to happen at a
faster rate. [2]
Red blood cell have elastic plasma
membrane. This enables the cell to
squeeze easily through blood capillaries
smaller than themselves. [2]
Red blood cells contain red pigment call
haemoglobin which enables oxygen to
be transported throughout the body. [1]

Cell B is root hair cells.

Root hair cells are normal epidermal
cells with long projections. [1]
These allow root hairs to penetrate
between soil particles and come into
close contact with the water surrounding
them. [2]
The long and narrow projections increase
the surface area of the cell for water and
mineral absorption. [2]

(a)
(i)

Simple diffusion

(ii)

Osmosis

(iii)

Is the net movement of molecules @ ions from a region of high

concentration to a region of lower concentration
Occurs until equilibrium is achieved
Particles are equally distributed throughout the system

Is the diffusion of water molecules across a semi-permeable membrane

From low solute concentration to high solute concentration, Until dynamic
equilibrium reached

1
1

Facilitated diffusion

Movement of hydrophilic molecules @ ions across plasma membrane

With the help of transport proteins
Down concentration gradient until equilibrium is reached

1
1

(iv)

Active transport

Movement of molecules @ ions from low concentration region to higher

concentration region across plasma membrane
Requires both carrier proteins & cellular energy
Results in elimination @ accumulation