Viruses

Instructor: Ms. Jeremy Pomar

Subject: Science
Class: Grade 9A
Time: 8:30-9:30 a.m.
I Objectives;
At the end of the lesson the students are expected to;
a. identify virus and its parts
b. distinguish virus and bacteria
c. draw a picture of a virus
II Subject Matter
A. Topic: Viruses
B. References:

Exploring Life through Science by Ferriols-Pavico, et al. pp.118-119

www.angelfire.com

C. Materials:

Virus Model

Bond Papers

Pencil

Art Materials

Projector

D. Concepts:
a. Viruses are infectious agents made up of nucleic acids (RNA or DNA) that
enclosed in a protein coat called as CAPSID. A virus found outside the cell is
called as VIRION, which can inert particles that cannot grow and undergo
biosynthetic or biochemical activity. Viruses are submicroscopic particles with
sizes ranging from 20-300 nanometers, appearing as either helical or
icosahedral in shape.

The Virus Structure

Comparison Chart
Bacteria

Virus

Ribosomes

Present

Absent

Cell wall

Peptidoglycan/lipopolysaccharid
e

No cell wall. Protein coat

present instead.

Opinions differ on whether

viruses are a form of life or
organic structures that
interact with living
organisms.

Living attributes

Living organism

Number of cells

Unicellular; one cell

No cells; not living

Nucleus

No

No

Structures

DNA or RNA floating freely in

cytoplasm. Has cell wall and cell

DNA or RNA enclosed

inside a coat of protein.

membrane.

Treatment

Antibiotics

Vaccines prevent the spread

and antiviral medications
help to slow reproduction but
cannot stop it completely.

Enzymes

Yes

Yes, in some.

Virulence

Yes

Yes

Infection

Localized

Systematic

Some bacteria are beneficial (e.g.

certain bacteria are required in
the gut)

Viruses are not beneficial;

However, a particular virus
may be able to destroy brain
tumors. Viruses can be useful
in genetic engineering.

Benefits

Reproduction

Fission- a form of asexual

reproduction.

Size

Larger (1000 nm)

E. 21st Century Skills:

Creativity
Cooperativeness

Invades a host cell and takes

over the cell causing it to
make copies of the viral
DNA/RNA. Destroy the host
cell releasing new viruses.

Smaller (20-400 nm)

F. Subject Integration:

MAPEH
Values Education

G. Values Integration:

Taking care of their selves

Valuing their health

III. Procedure
A. Preliminaries
Teachers Activity

Students Activity

a. Greetings:
Good morning class!

Good Morning maam!

b. Opening Prayer:
Josephine, please lead the prayer.

Josephine: Let us put ourselves in the

presence of the Lord. In the name of the Father
and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit. Praise be
the name of our Lord Jesus Christ.
Others: Now and Forever, Amen.
All: In the name of the Father and of the Son
and of the Holy Spirit Amen.

Please all be seated

c. Checking of attendance:
May I check the, please say present if you are
here.
d. Checking of preparation:

Present

Does every group bring on the things Id told

you yesterday

Yes maam

Okay thats good

B. Motivation
Teachers Activity

Students Activity

Our topic for today is all about this

(Teacher will present the model of the virus to
the class)

So who can tell me what is this. And why do

you think so? Yes Aldrin?

Aldrin: Mini robot maam because it looks

like one.

Okay thank you Aldrin. How about you

Richard?

Richard: Virus maam because of its

structure.

Thank you Richard. So Richard is right, this

really a virus.

C. Lesson Proper
Teachers Activity
So what are we going to do the whole period?
First is we should learn to define a virus, its
characteristics and parts. Secondly, we should
distinguish a virus from a living cell. And
lastly you should draw a virus. So in the last

Students Activity

Yes maam

where you are going to use your assignment

okay? Is everything clear?

(The teacher will flash pictures)

Class, what do you think is the agent that Eunice: Virus maam
causes the conditions in the pictures? Yes
Eunice?

Is it correct class?

Yes maam

Okay thats correct. It is true that disease like

polio, hepatitis and dengue are viruses. Thats
why those are called as viral diseases.

So what is a virus? Yes jenny kindly read.

Jenny: A virus is an infectious agent which is

made up of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) that
enclosed in a protein called as CAPSID.

Very well said. Jenny is correct class that a

virus has a protein coat which is called a capsid
where the nucleic acid is enclosed.

Do virus consider as living things? Why? Yes

Christopher?

Christopher: It depend maam because when a

virus is found outside the cell it is just an inert
particle and has no capacity to biosynthesis.
But when it is already inject its genetic
material in a living cell it is already considered
as living.

Yes very well said. Christopher is correct. A

virus is considers non-living when it is found
outside the cell because it is just an inert
particle which cannot biosynthesis meaning
cannot perform the basic chemical process that
a living cell can, while it successfully inject its
genetic material to a living cell it is already
living because it can already use all the
organelles of a cell and produce a new
viruses.

Any question for that?

None maam

Lets come now to the comparison of a virus

and bacteria.

(The teacher will pose a chart in the board)

What do you understand in the chart? Yes

Michelle?

Michelle: The virus and bacteria are both not

having nucleus.

Very good observation, who else? Yes Vith?

Vith: bacteria reproduced by fission while the

virus is through invading a living cell.

Thats correct, last one. Yes Jessa?

Jessa: Some of the bacteria are beneficial

while viruses are not.

Also true. Thank you everyone. Let us come

now to the activity.

Activity:

Lets have our activity. Class, get your art

materials and proceed to your respective
groups.

Instruction:
Does everyone in their groups already settle?
Draw anything that can represent a virus for
you and choose a volunteer that will present
your work to the class. Everythings clear?

Yes maam.

So you can start now

After the Activity:

Okay class I will give five minutes for each

group for their presentation.
(A representative will present their outputs per
group)

So who can give a generalization for what we Marie: A virus can be considered as a bounder
had discussed today. Any volunteer? Yes between living and non-living because of its
Marie?
special capabilities.

So that is true, it can be considered as a

boundary between living and non-living
because it can be classified either of the two.
None maam

Are there any questions before I end my

lecture?
IV Evaluation
Identification:
1. These are infectious agents made up of nucleic acids (DNA or RNA)
2. It is the protein coat where the DNA or RNA of a virus being enclosed.
3. It is an inert particle that cannot grow and undergo biosynthetic or biochemical activity.
4-5. Give two diseases that are cause by a viruses.
6-7. Give two characteristics of a virus.
8-10. Discuss the difference of the virus and a living cell
11-15 label the parts of the virus.