Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
ITALY
Hot STI issues
Improving the co-ordination of STI policy across government and between the central government and
the regions.
Key figures
Labour productivity, GDP per hour worked in USD, 2010
(annual growth rate, 2005-10 )
Environmental productivity, GDP per unit of CO2 emitted in USD, 2009
(annual growth rate, 2005-09)
328
43.9
(0.1)
4.99
(+3.6)
1.26
(+2.7)
0.55
(0.9)
or
al
ad
at
te
ns
in
to
le
pl
m
en
t(
at
io
Pa
te
in
in
er
in
x(
j)
(i)
h)
(f )
(g
P)
de
GD
e)
(d
(c
)(
P)
b)
)(
P)
DP
GD
GD
rG
hi
(p
rs
ld
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er
pe
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l(
eu
so
en
ar
ks
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ar
P)
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DP
GD
GD
rG
er
er
(a
)(
P)
DP
GD
rG
pe
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(p
s(
es
or
ap
pr
ye
tr e
ec
de
ls
re
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st
i tu
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ve
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ur
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a
at
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ur
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pe
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i tu
si
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er
pe
le
ex
r ti
iv
pe
un
ex
&D
Ve
st
se
es
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sl
cp
eR
di
at
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ia
or
ua
&D
-q
50
R&
sR
op
es
rp
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ic
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p
et
sin
th
f ir
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50
ns
nt
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p
ic
bl
OECD median
v)
(u
%
)(
t)
s)
%
)(
in
e(
er
nc
%
)(
q)
(%
)(
r)
l(
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oy
en
sc
le
nt
o)
bl
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nd
si
ea
er
te
n)
(p
)(
x(
(m
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(l)
(k
(%
)(
GD
ip
er
de
n)
n)
DP
in
t io
rG
sh
(p
or
tio
pa
ca
o-
th
bs
au
la
pe
ss
la
io
n)
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nc
rm
ie
r fo
sc
pe
lc
o-
ic
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ne
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at
at
ul
ul
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er
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tr
(p
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io
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at
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r ti
in
t io
ra
to
rn
te
te
at
pe
pu
ex
en
s)
rn
nd
ve
sa
rn
at
In
te
tie
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go
te
pe
rp
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pa
cu
ld
io
t io
oc
ua
si
ic
E-
ys
pe
s(
s(
er
er
r ib
r ib
sc
sc
su
su
ss
ou
In
er
bl
ar
-o
ul
ye
S&
T
gr
15
-
op
iv
pu
un
ed
by
nc
tp
ul
il e
na
om
an
Ad
sf
-f i
on
db
an
Science base
ct
nt
ut
oa
db
Do
te
(a
br
oa
Bottom half
OECD
ry
ks
ss
br
Top half
OECD
st
or
le
Bottom half
OECD
du
tw
ir e
xe
Top half
OECD
Pa
In
Ne
Fi
200
100
150
50
Human resources
200
100
150
50
Note: Normalised index of performance relative to the median values in the OECD area (Index median = 100).
329
IV.10.
330
OECD median
Italy
EU27
Italy (1997-99)
2.0
25.3
9.0
4.8
Industry
% of PCT patent
applications filed by
universities and PRIs
100
Domestic firms
High-tech
manufacturing
80
1.5
60
40
SMEs
20
High-knowledge
market services
1.0
Large firms
0.5
Low-knowledge
services
Medium- to low-tech
manufacturing
Foreign affiliates
0.0
Bio- and nanotechnologies
Services
ICT
Environment-related
technologies
Italy (2005)
Public research
University-centred (1)
Generic (2)
Thematic (2)
50/50
25/75
0/100
1 2 http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/888932690586
331