Taalas, Pamela Grace B.

Lesson No. 2/Grade 4

March to the Music

I. Objectives
At the end of the class, the students should be able to:
1. Identify the musical instruments of a marching and orchestra band through pictures.
2. Experience performing one instrument in class.
3. Value the importance of the instruments used in the orchestra and marching band through
listening.
II. Content
a) Theme: March to the Music
b) Concept: Families of the Orchestra and Marching Band
String Family
Woodwind Family
Brass Family
Percussion Family
c) Context: Bruno Mars: Grenade (Orchestra)
Marching Band Fanfare (Trumpet)
Party Rock Anthem (Marching Band)
d) Audio-Visual Aids: Laptop, projector, speaker, pictures (musical instruments)
Actual instruments (violin, viola, and drum)
e) Other Materials:
f) References: MAPEH for a Brighter World (book)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WlG2xN4ef3Y (Marching Band)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fGsqpwt9yg0 (Orchestra)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gxqv6BQxXII (Trumpet, Marching Band)
III. Pre-requisite
1. The students have little knowledge about the instruments.
2. The students can identify musical instruments.
IV. Lesson Proper
Teachers Activity
Good morning, students!
How was your week?
Did you enjoy your Valentines Concert last
week, I know you had fun. Its just sad, that
we are not able to see you perform. But I

Students Activity
Good morning, teacher.
It was fine.
Yes! We really enjoyed our concert last week.

know, you all did a great job.

Today, we will study another lesson. But
before that, can we all stand and we will pray.
(Teacher praying)

(Students listen to teacher praying)

Okay, now lets see how many stars you got

last week. The Group 1 got 6 stars, while the
Group 2 got 8 stars. So, Group 1 you have to
participate today, so that you can get many
stars, okay?
II. Assignment
Last week, I gave you an assignment, so did
you find a song that has a binary and ternary
form?
Okay, so now I will call one pair and you will
go in front and you will sing the song that you
picked.
(Teacher calls one pair)

(The pairs go in front to present their

assignment)

(Calls all the 6 pairs for their assignment)

Okay, now that you have all stood in front and
performed your assignment, we will now
study a new lesson.
III. Motivation
I will let you watch a short video what we
will discuss today. And you will tell me, what
instruments you can see there.
(Teacher shows video of an orchestra)
So, what instruments can you see?
Sam: A violin, cello, teacher!
Yes! Very good, Sam.
A violin, a viola, a cello, a double bass.
I will give 2 stars to Group 1.

III. Lesson Proper

Musical instruments have families too. Did

you know that? They are classified into four
families. The String Family, the Woodwind
Family, the Brass Family, and the Percussion
Family.
The STRING family makes up more than
half of the orchestra. Most instruments have
strings made from gut, steel or nylon. They
may look similar but very different in size and
sound. They are played by drawing a
horsehair bow across the strings, or by
plucking or tapping the strings.

(Students are listening)

Here is an example of a stringed instrument.

(Shows a violin)
This is the little one. The violin is the smallest
and highest pitched member of the string
family.
The sound of the violin is high, bright and
sweet.
In an orchestra, there can be more than 30
violins. And they are divided into two groups.
The first violin or the violin 1, they mostly
play the melody during the piece.
And the second violin or the violin 2, they
play the harmony for the first violins.
You play the violin by tucking it between
your chin and shoulder. Your left hand presses
down on the strings to change the pitch, and
your right hand moves the bow or plucks the
strings.
The strings of the violin are G, which is the
lowest, then D, A, and E, which is the
highest.
Who wants to try the violin?
Okay, Eric. Come here, and try to make a

(Students are listening)

Eric: Me teacher!

sound here in the violin.

(Eric tries the violin)
(Shows a viola)
This may look like a violin, but dont be
fooled, its a viola. Its a bit larger in size and
lower in pitch than the violin.
The sound of the viola is deeper and warmer
than the violin.
There are 10-14 violas in an orchestra.
The strings of the violas are a bit different
than the violin. If G is the lowest in a violin,
C, is the lowest here in a viola, followed by
G, D, and A, which is the highest.
Who wants to try playing the viola?

Sarah: Me, teacher!

Okay, Sarah, please come here and try to

make a sound here in the viola.

(Sarah tries the viola)

(Shows a cello)
The cello looks like the violin, but its much
larger with a shorter neck and a lower pitch.
The cello makes a wide range of beautiful
sounds, from warm low to notes rich high
notes.
There are 8-12 cellos in an orchestra.
To play it, you sit in a chair with the body of
the cello between your knees, and with the
neck of the cello on your left shoulder. The
cello rests on the ground, supported by a
metal peg. With your left hand, you press
down on the strings to change the pitch, and
with your right hand, you move the bow or
pluck the strings.

(Shows a double bass)

Heres the big one. The double bass is the
biggest and lowest pitched stringed
instrument in the string family.
The deep, very low sounds of the double bass
are often used to help hold together the
harmonies and to help carry the rhythm.
There are 6-8 double basses in an orchestra.

In the WOODWIND instruments, long ago,

they are made from wood, but now, it is made
of metal or a combination of wood and metal.
Air is blown into the instrument to make it a
sound.
Examples of the woodwind instruments are
the flute, clarinet, oboe and bassoon.
(Shows a flute)
Throughout history, flutes have been made
from lots of materials made from wood.
Today, flutes are usually made from silver,
gold or some other type of metal.
There are 2-4 flutes in an orchestra.
(Shows an oboe)
The oboe is a long slender black tube with
metal keys. It looks a lot like a clarinet,
except for the mouthpiece.
The oboe has a double reed, two pieces of
wood tied together that look like a flattened
straw.
There are 2-4 oboes in an orchestra.

(Shows a clarinet)
The clarinet is a long slender black tube with
a flared bell and metal keys. It looks a lot like
an oboe, except for the mouthpiece.
Unlike the oboe, the clarinet has a single reed,
which is fastened to a mouthpiece.
There are 2-4 clarinets in an orchestra.
(Shows a bassoon)
This is a big one. The bassoon is a long tube,
folded in half, with lots of metal keys.
The bassoon has a double reed like the oboe,
and a long, slim, curved mouthpiece.
There are 2-4 bassoons in an orchestra.

BRASS family are really made of brass. They

can play the loudest in the orchestra. They are
played by putting your lips into a cup-shaped
mouth piece and buzzing.
Example of the brass instruments are the
trumpet, trombone, tuba and French horn.
(Shows a trumpet)
A standard modern trumpet is a long slender
metal tube with three valves. Its bent into a
paper clip shape, but if you stretch it out, it
would be 6 feet long.
The trumpet plays the highest pitches of the
brass family. Its sound is bright, brilliant, and
exciting.
There are 2-4 trumpets in an orchestra.
(Shows a trombone)

The trombone is a powerful and unique

instrument. Instead of having valves, the
trombone uses its sliding shape to change
sounds.
The standard trombone is made of long
slender metal tubes. Two U-shaped tubes are
linked at opposite ends to form and S.

(Students are listening)

There are usually three trombones in an

orchestra and they often play together as a
trio.
(Shows a French Horn)
This French Horn came from France. The
French horn is easy to spot because of its
circular shape. Its long slender metal tube,
about 17 feet long, curved around and around,
with a large bell at the end.
There are usually 4 French horns in an
orchestra, but there can be as few as 2 and as
many as 8.
(Shows a Tuba)
The tuba is the largest brass instrument and
has the lowest pitch.
The tuba is a long metal tube curved around
and around, with a huge bell at the end. The
tuba makes a very deep, low, and rich sounds.
There is usually one tuba in an orchestra.
(Students are becoming noisy)
The last is the PERCUSSION family. To
play a percussion instrument, you have to hit
it, shake it, scrape it or sometimes hit it
against itself. Mallets or sticks are used to.
Examples of percussion instrument is the
maracas, triangle, timpani, castanets, drums,

cymbals, xylophone and tambourine.

(Shows a snare drum)
Do you know what a snare is? A snare is a set
of wires that sit outside of the bottom
drumhead and make a rattling sound when
you hit the drum.
The drumheads are made of calfskin or
plastic. The snare drum is an untuned drum,
so it doesnt play distinct notes.
I have here a small drum, it doesnt really
look like the snare drum, but just for
illustration.
Who wants to try to play the drum?
Sky: Me, teacher!
Okay, Sky. Come here and try to make a
sound here in the drum.
(Sky tries the drum)
(Shows a timpani)
The timpani are easy to spot because they
look like big shiny bowls or upside-down tea
kettles, which is why theyre also known as
kettledrums.
The drumheads are also made of calfskin or
plastic. Timpani are tuned, which means they
can play different notes. You can change the
note they sound by stretching or loosening the
drumheads, usually by pressing a pedal.
The timpani is an extremely important part of
the percussion family. They can help keep the
rhythm and support the melody.
(Shows a cymbals)
Cymbals look like a pair of gold-colored pot
lids. But these concave brass plates are

sophisticated instruments.
Cymbals dont play specific notes. The size of
cymbals determines the sounds they make.
(Shows a bass drum)
This is a big one, the biggest drum in the
percussion family. The bass drum is untuned
and is similar in shape to the snare drum, but
without the snare.
The bass drum makes the lowest sounds in the
percussion family and is used for rhythm and
mood. It can make a range of sounds from
thunder to whispers.
Now, what is the name of the head of the
orchestra? The one who leads the whole
orchestra.

Yes, it is called a conductor. Very good,

Maria. Another 2 stars for Group 1.

Maria: Conductor!

A conductor holds a stick called the baton,

and stands on a small box called the podium.
The brass family and some members of the
percussion family compromise another group
of instruments. We call them the Marching
Band. They are popularly used in fiesta
celebrations, military marches and funerals.
They instruments of the marching band are
the trumpet, trombone, tuba, French horn,
bass drum, cymbals and the xylophone.
(Students are listening)
I will let you watch a video of a marching
band.
(Teacher shows a video of a marching band)
IV. Conclusion
When we get to heaven, many of us will join

(Students are watching)

the orchestra of heaven. We can get to play

the most wonderful songs that we can offer to
God. Being in that heavenly orchestra is a
blessing.

(Students are listening)

Revelation 18:21-22, Then a strong angel

took up a stone like a great millstone and
threw it into the sea, saying, "So will
Babylon, the great city, be thrown down with
violence, and will not be found any longer.
And the sound of harpists and musicians and
flute-players and trumpeters will not be heard
in you any longer; and no craftsman of any
craft will be found in you any longer; and the
sound of a mill will not be heard in you any
longer.
For our quiz today, please get one sheet of
paper.

(Some students are standing up to ask for

paper)

1. The person who leads the orchestra is

called a ? a. Conductor
a. Conductor
b. Teacher
c. Leader
(Students taking quiz)
2. Give me two instruments that is included
in the marching band.
3. Give me two instruments from the
percussion family.
4. Give me two instruments from the brass
family.
5. They are popularly used in fiesta
celebrations, military marches, and funerals.
c. Marching Band
a. Orchestra
b. Choir
c. Marching Band
Okay students, please pass your papers.

(Students pass their papers)

See you again next week. Thank you and have
a nice day.
Goodbye class.
Goodbye Teacher!

V. Self- Assessment
1. Did I reach my objectives?
2. Did my students learn through the teaching method I had?
3. Do I need to give more examples and explain them more?