CGS 1060c

MOD 1
Number system that consists of only two digits

binary

Unicode and ASCII are examples of this

coding

scheme
The word bit is short for this

Binary digit

A gigabyte equals this many bytes

1 billion

A byte consists of this many bits

When an operating system employs virtual memory, it swaps files to the hard
disk.
When the computer is shut down, the information in RAM is erased.
Memory chips or modules hold data and programs as they are being
processed by the CPU, and are usually found on the motherboard.
The data stored in ROM is saved even when a computer has been powered
off.
Flash memory is an example of programmable memory.

Hard drives with read/write heads that move over the surface of platters are
a type of magnetic storage.
Data stored on a tape is sequential, so it requires you to forward or rewind
the tape to access information.
USB flash drives and camera memory cards are types of solid state storage.
CDs and DVDs are types of optical storage.
Data stored on a hard disk uses random or direct access, so you can go
directly to the area of the drive where the data is stored.

Sets the speed at which the CPU executes instructions.

Processor clock
Performs arithmetic and logic functions in the CPU.

ALU

The smallest unit of time a processor can measure.

Cycle

The brain of a computer.

CPU

An electronic channel that transfers data in multiple directions.

Bus

MOD 2
A key task that operating systems perform to use RAM efficiently.
Memory management

A processing technique an operating system uses to divide one task

among many processors.

Parallel processing

Part of the hard drive that the operating system used\s as additional
RAM.

Virtual memory

A processing technique an operating system uses to process many

parts of a single program.
multithreading

A processing technique an operating system can use if the computer

has many processors.
multiprocessing

A test the computer performs during the boot process to check crucial

system components.

Power-on self-

test

The core of an OS.

kernel

What an OS uses to hold data from one device in memory before

transferring the data to another device.

buffer

A small program that tells the OS how to interact with a hardware

resource.

Device driver

A component the OS requires to perform work.

resource

The file size property is sometimes indicated in kilobytes, megabytes, or

gigabytes.
Most file names include an extension, a short identifier separated from the
main part of the file name by a dot.
You often need to compress files before you transfer then via e-mail.
File format refers to the organization and layout of data in a file.
A backup is a special type of file that allows you to restore data to the original
storage location.

Start a software program

run

Install a newer version of your current software program

upgrade

Remove a software program from your computer

uninstall

Obtain a software program from an online app store

download

When publishers load software on a computer before selling it

preinstall

Type of software that is categorized as operating system (OS) software and

utility programs
System
Software that runs on household appliances and consumer electronic devices
Embedded
Type of program that includes device drivers

utility

Productivity software that is customized for specific industries

vertical

market
Type of application software that automates common or repetitive tasks
Productivity

The legal right to copy, distribute, modify, and sell an original work
copyright
Another term for a signle-user license

EULA

Type of license that lets you use a specified number of software copies
at any given time

concurrent-use

Type of license agreement for packaged software, which is activated

when you open the package

shrink wrap

license

Technologies that include encryption to make digital content unreadable

without a valid encryption key

DRM

Software that is mass-produced and appeals to a wide range of users is called

packaged software.
No one can apply for a copyright on public domain software, and users are
free to copy, modify, and resell this type of software.
An advantage to Web apps is that you always have access to the most up-todate version of the software without paying for an upgrade.
Copyrighted software whose source code is available to the public is known
as open source software.
Small developers often use the shareware model as low-cost distribution
method.
A software patch replaces a small section of existing software code to correct
a single issue or bug.
A service pack is a collection of corrections or fixes bundled into a single
release.
You should use a warm boot to restart your computer after installing updates.
A user manual gives instructions on using the programs features and
troubleshooting common problems.
A cold boot turns the computer on from the off position.

The software that runs a computer

system

software

The type of software you use most directly to perform tasks such
as writing a screenplay
software

application

The type of software that lets you copy, move, rename, and delete
files and folders

file management software

The type of software that performs a specific, limited task, usually

related to managing or maintaining a computer system.

utility

software

A collection of major operating system updates

service pack

MOD 3
You can create, edit, format, and print documents like letters and reports with
word processing software.
You can perform numerical calculations enhanced with charts and tables
using spreadsheet software.
Businesses use database programs to maintain records on thousands, even
millions, of customers or inventory items.
Using graphics software, you can edit and print digital images.
Application software programs for mobile devices like smartphones and
tablets are often called apps.

Word Processing Application:

-Update your resume to include your latest work experience.
-Make a flyer for next week's hockey game.
-Write a quarterly performance review of your top employee.

Other Application:
-Calculate quarterly earnings for the past five years, and chart the results.

-Input a new customer record into your customer database system.

-Calculate last quarter's sales by product line and region.

An equation that performs a calculation to generate a value.

formula
The intersection of a single row and column in a worksheet.
cell
Text that describes the contents of another cell or cells in a worksheet.
label
A group of adjacent or nonadjacent cells.

range

The part of a worksheet that displays the cell address of the active cell.
Name box

You can apply animation to add movements to slide text and objects.
A slide thumbnail is a miniature image of a slide.
Presentation software lets you create electronic slides often used in
presentations.
A transition is an action that occurs as you move from slide to slide in a
presentation.
Slide formatting sets the appearance of text, objects, individual slides, or
entire presentations.

Many mobile apps are written by third-party programmers to sell through app
stores
GPS and mapping apps help you get directions and avoid traffic jams.
Some mobile apps include on-screen keyboards to make typing and data
input easier.

The ability to connect to the Internet is a key feature shared by most mobile
apps.
When you download a mobile app, the installation program installs an icon for
the app on your mobile desktop.