Gothic Architecture continued

11/19/2015

Italy, Florence, Cathedral of the City of Florence,

Florence Cathedral (Duomo)
Arnolfo di Cambio
Francesco Talenti
Andrea Piscano
Fillippo Brunelleschi
Florence Bell Tower (Campanile)
Giotto
Andrea Pisano
Francesco Talenti
Begun 1296 redesigned in 1357, and in 1366
Dome were built later in early renisance,
Bell tower designed by giotto, built after he died, 1334-1350
In Italy the bell tower is a physically separate structure, you can walk
between them,
Most important building under construction during the gothic era was
the cathedral, older church on the same site rebuild on the same site, work
started on the west end. Arnolfo dies in 1304 construction began again in
1343 with Francesco Talenti
Inside- simple and large, 4 square bays. Dome isnt built until early
rennisaunce, bell towerdetached. Refered to as Giottos tower. It is
also found in the leaning tower of Pisa. Made of Marble,
Giotto architect and chief of Florence cathedral, was famous as a
painter not as an architect not as a sculpture,
Original drawing of his campanile, Giotto died in 1337, work was
continued by andrea Piscano and ultimately finished by fransesco
talenti finished in the 1350s-1360s,
Composition as an architecture work, the upper levels open the
windows become larger,
Secular architecture in Italy,
Palazzo Vecchio, Florence
Old Palace
Large urban house, fortress, thick rusticated walls wall surface has
deliberately left rough to show group strength, architectural term,small
entrance, crenalated roof line(intervals between) look out tower, reflects a
time of political and social strife in Florence at this time 1288-1309

Palazzo Ducale, Venice

Palace of the Dukes
Right next to the domes of san marcos, the ducale is not an island its
many many small islands together, seat of the government, different style,
security is provided by the firm rule of aristrocracy as well as island location,
instead of being fortified, they are decorated with colored marble, 13401348

Gothic Sculpture, Painting, and Decorative Arts

France, notre dame de chartes,
Chartes Cathedral, 1145-1155 early gothic, sculpture was once richly
painted and guilded, its just the stone no color or gold left. Each figure on
the door way flank the portals, the overall effect is very clear, in the gothic
era ideas can be grasped at a glance, it is very straightforward, the figures
without crowns are the prophets, priests, and patriarchs of the old
testaments, the ones with crowns, the kings and queens of juda. Physical
and spiritual ancestors, column figures cause their shapes maintain the
column it is attached, no twisting, turning, or bending immobile, do not
interact with one another, they dont interact with spectator, early gothic
hold over from Romanesque the drapery still consist of perfect zig zag hem
lines, remarkable tailory cant be done,
Slip and slide of the platforms,
South portal of chartes, later in date, the 3 on the right 1220 on the
left 1145-1155, the one figure st. Theodore. Is thought to be later in date,
figures larger than the columns, more 3D, swaying pose not rigidly erect,
there is an s curve, his feet do not dangle at all he has a little platform, can
be compared to an evolution to many sculpted figures you saw in ancient
Greece, the cotraposto pose, history repeating itself, a shoulder goes up,
head to the side,
Reins Cathedral dedicated to notre dame, mother mary, sculpture from
chartres you worked here, artisan here moved on to the next job moving
location to location, you can trace some artists. Some motifs appear again
and again,
High gothic era,
Innunciation and the visitation, 1230-1245

Descendants of the column figures at chartres, stand firmly on

horizontal ledges and they interact with one another, figure on every other
column rather than everyone, the columns become much smaller in
relationship to the size of the people, than the size of the figures,2 pairs of
figures in very different styles, the enunciation, the moment when the
Gabriel tells mary will give birth to the infant jesus. Mary shows very little
emotion to this surprising bit of news, you saw the same thing happening in
anciet greek sculpture you cant tell she has 2 legs because of the drapery,
Gabriel holds his drapery so it falls on a diagonal, with sweeping curves,
think of it as abstract opposition, sways in space, his slender body S cruve,
French art is elegant, gothic grin,
Subject meeting of visitation, 2 woman sharing their news of
pregnancy, mary is shown as the younger woman than Elizabeth appears to
be older, small folds complicated drapery crinckles that follow the outline of
the body. Contraposta pose,
4 figures interacting the subject is the presentation of jesus in the
temple,
other giures are mary and joseph, holding doves, gestures have
become freer looser more natural, joseph thought to be later dated 1240
his facial expression does appear to come to life, direction in which
sculpture is going, they begin to show emotion,
very horizontal
mary and jesus famous on the left notre dame de paris early 14 th
century made out of marble, marble stataute stands in the crossing of the
cathedral.
On the right late 14th century around 1380s,
Popular devotion to mary extremely strong dedicated to mary
Not naturalistic or realistic they are fench, mary pulls her garment
accoss her body that indicates she does have a body underneath, no closets
or heating at this time
The layers were a necessity at this time, intentionally was an indication
of your status, the siloutte is very broken, religonal variations, hunders of
gothic madonnas that survive, hip shot pose
Support your child on you hip
Typical French Romanesque example, sit upward lines
Gothic stand up, sweeps and folds
Jesus was depicted as a baby and not small young person jesus had
the abilty to grow from a man to a younger child,
Interest in emotion that you see developing,
Symbol of Christianity domination over the world

First emotion touching pleasant sweet

Not always so pleasant, horrifying emotion of mary and jesus
Represents the pieta, popular during the gothic era, example from the
reins
1300-1325
pieta means pity, depictions of mary with the adult dead jesus in her
lap, you are supposed to feel pity and grieve with mary, intentionally moving
image, overtly grotesque, his body emaciated and wounds. Not pretty art,
pieta refers to this subject not specifically this piece of art, most
famous of all times is michaelangelos pieta in the vatacin
manuscripts
psalter of Saint-Louis
mid 13th century france had illuminated the manuscripts
psalter of saint Louis comes these 2 folios
1260
Louis the 9th was built
Shows Joshua bidding his son to stand still on the left,
On the right Abraham entertaining the angels, painting was greatly
affected by stained glass, the effect is fundamental black, pointed arches,
rose windows as you saw at the chante de chapel in paris, 2 dimensional
background contrasts. Refined art, highly decorative folios,
Book of Hours of Jeanne dEvreux
Jean Pucelle
Grisaille
1325-1328
most elegant manuscripts in france were made in jean pucelle studios
private prayer book, king of france,
crucificition of jesus and adoration of the majae
scenes are not in chronological order, these paintings are finished, the
techinuew is known as Grisaille, painting down mostly in shades of
gray technique used in other media
Les Tres Riches Heures du Duc de Berry (The Very Rich Hours of the
Duke of Berry)
Limbourg brothers pol, herman, and jean

1413-1416 working in france for the duke of berry, generous of the

arts.
January on the left aristocratic life, duke of berry, seated in front of the
fire place, it gives the duke a golden halo, an actual portrait of the duke of
berry, portraiture reappearance after ancient roman times are shown from
the side profile portrait
Second recoginize the building in the background, saint de chapel,
document of it beginning of the 15th century, is loved for its stained glass,
Stained glass as an artistic medium reached its high point in gothic
churches and cathedrals, the gothic saint
Stained glass tree of Jessie
Represents jesus ancestry, in the branches are the kings of juda and
their descendents. A window is usually read from the bottom to the top.
Jesus and mary are at he very top. What you will find is the tree of Jessie,
patriarch of the royal family, a tree grows out of his side, the family tree, at
jessies feet is abbott suger holding the very window
also depicted himself in other windows as well,
stained glass workers moved on to other jobs as well. The scenes were
popular throughout euope, rep of subjects repeated over and over again,
chartres, famous stained glass windows, royal portals, 12th century
rose window, chracteristically gothic but a roman innovation.slender vertical
landset window, pointed slender shape, looking up at these windows,
nothing to see from the outside
tells you the story of the life of jesus
contains the tree of jesse, with jesus without abbot suger at the
bottom,
solid wall areas, gone decorative glass takes over wall, paintings on
the wall to stained glass on the windows, appreciation for colored light,
Sainte de Chapel in Paris
mid 13th century of the life of jesus, the enunciation, the birth of jesus
with joseph, the enunciation to the shepards news of birth delivered to the
shepards in writing, and jesus last supper, although adequate space is off,
everything is abbreviated, details the facial features, the folds of the fabric,
things on the table are drawn on with grisaille find it also in stained glass,
affect of stained glass created by the years going by.
Outside the saint de chapel, the later rose or wheel window,
flamboyant stone tracery,
Inside the colors are no longer so saturdated and so deep, colors
change gradually, yellows and golds are introduced,

The pieces of glass become progressively larger, painting on glass

rather than small pieces of glass with different colors, a lot of use of grisaille,
less use of different colors on small pieces,
Enamel
Intended for secular domestic use, colored powered class that you can
heat and it will melt used to support, very valuable and durable in the
enamel portions, a dove made in the 13th century limoges used in
ceremoines the holy trinity, the holy spirit is representing the dove
Back of the bird, opens up and lifts up and put in the weight and the
dove is suspened over the alter it can be raised and lowered and can flap
wings
Many froser heads made in the Limoges the curl was fitted into a long
staff
St Michael spearing a dragon while the larger dragon is about to
avenge his little friend
14th century Madonna and child of jean devreux
1339 hair clothing and miniature reliquary, jean presented this statue
to the abbot. It is not solid gold, there is a wooden core, with silver and
pearls and set with a small layer of gold, perfectly exquisite,
1345 silver gild, reliquary, resembles miniature building, miniature
precious materials
Holy Terrors: Gargoyles on Medieval Buildings