Harvard referencing Library quick guide

Important: This document is meant for use as a guide only. For further
examples see the Harvard Extended Guide. To avoid losing marks, confirm the
referencing requirements of your school with your lecturer. This guide is based on the
Style manual: for authors, editors and printers 2002, 6th edn, John Wiley & Sons,
Milton, Qld.
Note: Business students should use the RMIT Business style NOT the
general Harvard style.

In-text references examples

Single author
It is argued that ... (Carroll 2012).
Carroll (2012) argues that
A major criticism of business is that it abuses its power (Carroll 2012, p. 26).
Carroll (2012, p. 26) contends that a major criticism of business is that it abuses its
power.

Two or three authors

It is suggested that (Cabrera & Unruh 2012).
Kuratko, Goldsby and Hornsby (2012) suggest that
Note the use of an ampersand (&) in brackets and the full word and in sentences.

Four or more authors

It is recommended that (Chalkley et al. 2012).
Chalkley et al. (2012) recommend that

Multiple citations for one sentence

List all citations alphabetically, with a semi-colon (;) to separate them.
It has been claimed that (Carroll 2012; Chalkley et al. 2012; Kuratko, Goldsby &
Hornsby 2012).

Secondary citations
When you refer to the work of one author cited by another, indicate the original source of the
information and where you read it. In the reference list, only include the text you read, not the
original source. In this example, Hosany and Martin would be in the reference list.
Early research indicated ... (Heath & Scott, cited in Hosany & Martin 2012).
Heath and Scott (cited in Hosany & Martin 2012) claim that ...

Personal communication
Information obtained through personal communication such as interviews, phone
conversations and letters are not included in the reference list.
My field placement supervisor commented (CM Burns 2014 pers. comm., 20
April).
Ms Merrick (Melville Shire Council CEO) confirmed the details by email on 25 April
2014.

Documents without authors

Publications such as dictionaries, encyclopaedias and newspaper articles without authors do
not need to be included in the reference list.
It is stated that (Encyclopaedia of Computer Science 2012).
The Age (21 May, p. 12) reports that

Documents without page numbers

If quoting from a document without page numbers, use either a paragraph or section heading
to show the location of the quote.
Updated 3 June 2015

Optimal immunisation schedules (World Health Organization 2014, para. 3).

Deaths due to malaria (World Health Organization 2013, Reported deaths section)

Reference list examples

A reference list provides the bibliographic details of sources of information used in
your assignment. The list is organized in alphabetical order according to the authors
surnames. As a general rule, it should include at least the following information in
this order:
Authors family name, initial(s) Year of publication, Title information,
Publication details.
Young, JK 2014, My very important book, University Press, Melbourne, Vic.

Book
E-books with full page format/imaging (PDF) should be cited as if it is a print copy.

Single author
Carroll, AB 2012, Business & society: ethics, sustainability, and stakeholder
management, 8th edn, South-Western Cengage Learning, Mason, OH.

More than one author

List all authors in order of appearance on the title page of the book and use an ampersand
(&) to separate the last two authors.
Chalkley, T, Brown, A, Goodman, M, Cinque, T, Warren, B, Hobbs, M & Finn, M 2012,
Communication, new media and everyday life, Oxford University Press, South
Melbourne, Vic.

No author
Style manual for authors, editors and printers 2002, 6th edn, John Wiley & Sons,
Milton, Qld.

Chapter in an edited book

Schirm, V 2013, Quality of life, in IM Lubkin & PD Larsen (eds), Chronic illness: impact
and interventions, 8th edn, Jones & Bartlett Learning, Burlington, MA, pp. 183-206.

Journal article
E-journals from a database with full-page format/imaging (PDF) should be cited as if it is a
print copy.
Taylor, CM, Karunaratne, CV & Xie, N 2012, Glycosides of hydroxyproline: some
recent, unusual discoveries, Glycobiology, vol. 22, no. 6, pp. 757-767.

Newspaper article
For articles without an author, include date and page number in-text; no need to include in
your reference list.
Martin, P 2014, Melbourne tops nations growth, The Age, 7 April. p. 2.

Podcast/vodcast
Isherwood, B 2012, Where ideas come from, podcast, viewed 5 June 2014,
<http//itunesu.rmit.edu.au/node/862>.

Video/film/DVD
The format should be specified after the date, e.g. video recording. Any useful additional
information can be noted after the citation, e.g. directed by
The Book Thief 2014, DVD, Twentieth Century Fox Home Entertainment, Moore Park,
NSW.
Updated 3 June 2015

Website
World Health Organization 2014, WHO recommendations for routine immunization summary tables, World Health Organization, viewed 1 May 2014,
<http://www.who.int/immunization/policy/immunization_tables/en/>.

Updated 3 June 2015