Building

A
PROJECT
ON
Estimation & Costing of a

Residential Building
Submitted For Partial Fulfillment of Award of
BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In
Civil Engineering
(2016)
Submitted By
Shanti Swaroop 1035700020
Ashwani Singh 103500007
Md. Shaif 1035700012
Saurabh Sharma 1035700017
Submitted to
Mr. Atul Prabhat
Project Guide
Civil Engineering
Aryavart Institute of Technology & Management

Affiliated to
G.B. TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, LUCKNOW
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I owe a great many thanks to a great many people who helped and
supported me during the preparation of project.
My deepest to lecturer Mr. Atul Prabhat the guide of the project for
guiding and correcting various documents of mine with attention and care.
He has taken pain to go through the project and make necessary correction
as and when needed.
I express my deepest thanks also to the professor Mr. Price Srivastava
H.O.D of Civil Department for extending his support.
I would also thank my university and my faculty members without whom
this project would have been a distant reality. I also extend my heart felt
thanks to my family and well wishers.
By:- Shanti Swaroop 1035700020
Ashwani Singh 103500007
Md. Shaif 1035700012
Saurabh Sharma 1035700017
DECLARATION
We Shanti Swaroop 1035700020, Ashwani Singh 103500007, Md. Shaif
1035700012, & Saurabh Sharma 1035700017 hereby declare that the
dissertation entitled Estimation & Costing of a Multistoried Hospital
Building
Building submitted to the UPTU in partial fulfillment for the award of
the Degree of BATCHLOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
and that the dissertation has not previously formed the basis for the
award of any other degree, Diploma, Associate ship, Fellowship or other
title.
Place:
Date:
Signature of the candidates.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SPECIFICATION
1) Earth work in excavation of foundation of walls and columns -
Excavation Foundation trenches should be digging out to the exact width of foundation concrete and the sides are
vertical Excavated earth should not be placed within 1 m of the edge of the trench.
Finish of Trench The bottom of foundation trench should be perfectly leveled both longitudinally and side dressed
perfectly. Concrete may be laid to the exact width as per design. The bed of the trench should be lightly
watered and well rammed.
Finds Any treasure and valuables found during the excavation is the property of the government.
Water in Foundation Water, if any accumulates in the trench should be pumped out without any extra payment and necessary
precautions should be taken to prevent surface water to enter into the trench.
Trench Filling After the concrete has been laid, masonry has been constructed the remaining portion of the trenches
should be filled up with earth and watered and rammed well. The earth filling should be free from rubbish
and refuse matters. Surplus Earth not required, shall be removed and site should be leveled and dressed.
Measurement The measurement of Excavation should be taken in m 3 as for rectangular trench bottom width of concrete
multiplied by the vertical depth of foundation from ground level and multiplied by length of the trenches
even sloping side for convenience.
2) 1:5:10 Lean C.C. Block in Foundation ( 9" Thick) Materials Aggregate should be clear, dense, hard, sound, durable, non-absorbent and capable of developing good
bond with mortar.
Coarse aggregate should be free from dust, dirt and other foreign materials. The size of the aggregate is
either 40 mm or 60 mm and it is of brick ballast or cheap type stone ballast, cement should be fresh
Portland cement and water must be free from any alkaline or acidic matter.
Proportion The proportion of the concrete should be 1:5:10 as cement sand brick ballast. Sand should be white sand.
Mixing-Hand Mixing It should be done on masonry platform. Firstly, I bag cement and 5 box sand mixes throughly and spread
over 10 box brick ballast and then mix with mortar.
Machine Mixing Ballast, sand and cement put into the cement concrete mixer in the ratio of 1:5:10. The machine should
then be resolved to mix materials dry and then gradually added water.
Slump Regular slump test should be carried out to control the addition of water and to maintain the required
consistency.
Form work Form work should be provided as required as per the standard specifications before laying concrete to
keep the concrete in position.
Laying Concrete should be laid gently in layers, compacted by pinning with roads and tamping with wooden
tampers or by vibrators until a dense concrete is obtained.
Curing After about 2 hours laying when concrete has begun to harden, it should be kept by covering wet gunny
bags or wet sand for 24 hours. Curing may be done by covering concrete with special type of water proof
paper to prevent water evaporation.
3) First Class Brick Work in 1:6 Cement Sand Mortar in Foundation upto plinth:
Bricks All bricks should be of first class of standard specification made from good brick earth. Well burnt and
deep cherry red colour bricks should be regular in shape; edges should be regular in shape, edges should
be sharp and give clear ringing sound when struck with each other. These are free from cracks and not
absorb water more than 20% of their own weight when emerged in water for 24 hours. Bricks should have
a minimum rushing strength of 105 kg/cm2.
Cement Mortar -
For cement mortar, cement should be fresh Portland cement of standard specification. Sand should be
sharp clear and free from organic matter. For rich mortar, coarse medium sand; for weak mortar, white
sand may be used, Proportion of cement mortar is 1:6.
Soaking of Brick Brick should be fully soaked in clean water by submerging in a tank for 12 hours immediately before use.
Laying Bricks should be well bonded and laid in English bond, unless otherwise specified. Every course should
be truly in plumb vertical. Joints of consecutive course should not come over one-another but vertical
joints in alternative course should come over one another. Broken bricks should not be used. Mortar
joints should not exceed 6 mm in thickness.
Curing The brick should be kept wet for a period of 10 days after laying.
Protection The brick work should be protected from the effects of sun, rain , frost etc during the construction.
Scaffolding Necessary and suitable scaffolding should be provided to facilitate the construction of brick wall.
Measurement Brick work should be measured in m 3. The rate should be for the complete work including Scaffolding
and all tools and plants.
4) Laying of 25 mm thick D.P.C. with 1:2:4 cement concrete with 2% damp proofing
powder: Damp proof course consist of cement, moorum and stone ballast of 1:2:4 proportion with 2%
water proofing compound (1 Kg / bag) of cement.
It should be applied at the plinth level in horizontal layer of25 mm thick to the whole width .
The top of walls at which the damp proofing course should be laid frogs of the bricks down ward.
Side forms should be fixed properly.
5)
Earthwork in filling to raise the level of ground:
Earth should be free from organic matter such a plant roots etc.
Earth clouds should be broken before use.
Earth filling should be alone a layer wise one layer should be 10-15 cm thick.
Each layer should be lightly water and rammed properly.
The filling should be leveled.
Earth work should be carried out in such time so that consolidation of earth may take place.
Filling should be measured in m3.
6) First class brick work in 1:6 cement sand mortar in super structure : Brick should be first class standard specification made from good brick earth.
Brick should be soaked in fresh water which is free from acid or any other salt at least 12 hrs.
before starting the masonry work.
Cement mortar which are used for construction of superstructure are in the ratio of 1:6 which
means cement white sand and moorum are in ratio of required one.
Brick should be well bonded and laid in English bond well should truly in plumb, vertical joints
are alternate layer come over each but not in consecutive layer.
Necessary and suitable scaffolding should be provided to facilitate the construction of brick wall.
The brick wall should must be kept wet for a period of at least 10 days.
7)
R.C.C. work with M-20 grade of concrete in slab, beams and lintels (roof floor, etc.)
excluding reinforcement Materials

Aggregate should be of invert material and should be clean dense hard, durable and used absorbent
and capable of developing good bond with mortar.
i.
Stone ballast shall be hard of broken stone of granite or similar stone free from dust, dirt
and other foreign material. The stone ballast should be of 20 mm sq. mesh and well
ii.
graded. Such that the void do not exceed 42%.

Sand should be of standard specification cement should fresh portable cement of standard
iii.
specification and shall have the required tensile and compressive strength.
Cement shall be Portland cement of standard specification and shall have the require
iv.
tensile and compressive Strength and fineness.

Water shall clean and free from alkaline and matters and suitable for drinking purpose.
Centring and Shuttering Centring and shuttering should be made timber or steel plate close and tight to prevent
leakage of mortar.
A coal of oil washing should be applied over shuttering to prevent to adherence of
concrete.
Centering and shuttering should be removed slowly so that no part disturb and damage.
Centring shuttering should be removed measured in sq. m and the surface area in contact
with congregate should be measured.
Proportion of C.C. Cement concrete should be 1:1.5:3 proportion by volume for slab, beam and lintel
Slump test Slump test should be carried out to control the addition of water and to maintain the require consistency.
In this test concrete is compacted in a vessel of shape of the frustum of the cone and pen at both the ends.
The mould is filled with freshly mixed concrete in four layers each layer is tamped with 25 stokes of the
tamping rod. The bottom layer should be tamped throughout its depth. After the top layer has been rodded
the concrete struck off level with a trowel. The mould
is then removed from the concrete by raising it slowly and carefully in the vertical direction. The slump
measured in recorded in terms of mm of the specimen during the test.
A slump of 7.5 cm to 10 cm may be allowed for binding work of good developing bond with mortar and
the coarse aggregate should be free from the dust and other foreign material.
Mixing Mixing should be done by two methods either by band mixing or machine mixing on the
masonry platform.
Firstly cement and sand should be mixed in given proportion on plat from and then it
mixed with stone ballast without water at least three time and then after clean water is
gradually added in the mixed.
Laying Before laying the concrete, the shuttering should be clean free from dust and other
foreign material. The concrete should be deposited in is fine position care should be taken
at that time between mixing and placing of concrete should not exceeded 20 minutes.
Concrete should be compacted before the initial setting Stage.
Over vibration should be avoided because its separate the coarse aggregate from the
concrete and segregation take place.
Concrete should be laid continuously if laying is suspended for rest of the following day
the end shall be sloped at angle of 30 end.
Curing After about 2 hrs laying when concrete has begun to harden it shall be kept damp by covering net bag or
sand 24 hr and then cured by flooding with water making mud walls 7.5 cm high.
Finishing The exposed surface should be plastered with 1:3 cement sand mortar about 6mm thick layer and plaster
should be applied immediately after the removal of shuttering.
Measurement -
Measurement should be taken in cum for the finished work as deduction should be made for volume of
steel. reinforcement should be measured in a separate item in quintel.
8) Mild steel frames for doors and windows of 35 mm x 35 mm x 5 mm angle section steel should be mild steel of the best quality of standard specification and cross sectional
area of 35 mm x 35 mm x 5 mm.
steel work should be neat and exact to dimension all joint should be neat and strong.
Welding Before welding the joint should be prepared well and throughly cleaned.
Edges of thicker section should be beveled.
The work place should be firmly held prefreble in suitable fixture.
Frame Frame should be properly framed and joined by welded joint all the frame work should
be placed, neatly and truly finished to the exact dimension.
The frame should be painted by two coat.
Measurement It should be measured in quintel and may be by members. The cost of frame shall be
taken in per quintel.
9)
Mild steel reinforcement @ 1.5% R.C.C. work Mild Steel reinforcement work should be free from corrosion, loose dust grease, paint etc.
The reinforcement should be round and cable of being bent without fracture.
Bar should be hooked and placed in position as per design and drawing and bent together
tight 20 SWG and neared steel wire at their point of intersection.
Joint in the bar should be avoided as for as possible when joints have to be made an
overlap of 40 time dia. Of the bar shall be given with proper hook at the end and joint
should be staggered.
Utilized design is economical in the project, limit stage method is adopted and comprises
all the favorable point of working stresses as well as ultimate method of design.
For vertical loads there are different methods of analysis. A building frame is three dimensional vertical
frames all two mutually perpendicular horizontal axis of analysis. These frames
are analyzed
independently of each other. The degree of sophistication to which a structure analysis depends on the
importance of the Structure . A wide range of approaches have been used for building of varying height
and importance - from simple approximate methods which can be carried out manually of with the aid of
desk calculators, to more refined techniques involving computer solutions.
The various exact method of slope deflection method, moment distribution method, substitute frame
method, etc. The aproxomate method are portal method and cantilever method for computation using a
pocket calculator. The Kani's method is preferable most convenient method of analysis a building.
The design of structure consists of the following steps:
idealization of structure for analysis
Estimation of loads
Analysis of idealized structural model to determine axial thrust, shears, bending
moments and deflections.
Design of structural elements.
Details structural drawings and schedule of reinforcing bars.
There are three philosophies for the design of reinforced concrete pre-stressed
concrete as well as steel structures.
The working stress method
The ultimate local method
The limit state method
Working stress method has been the traditional method for reinforced concrete design where it is assumed
that concrete is elastic, steel and concrete together elastically and relationship between load and stress is
linear right up to the collapse of the structure. Working stress method has become obsolete these days.
The elastic concept is mainly used for computation of deflections which are under interest under working
loads rather than ultimate loads. It is economical and with it, we are not able to predict the behavior of
the structure of ultimate loads.
In the ultimate load method, the working loads are increased by suitable factor to obtain utlimate loads.
These actors are called load factors. In this strain distribution across the depth is l linear-right up to
failure, and the tensile strength of concrete is ignored in section subjected to bending.
While in limit state method the objective of design is to achieve an acceptable probability that a structure
will not become unserviceable in its life time for the use for which it had been lo intended, i.e. It will not
reach a limit state. In the limit state design method, these parameters are determined l based on
observation taken over a period of time. These parameters will thus be influenced by chance or random
effect, not just at a single instant but throughout the entire period of time or the sequence of time that is
being considered. structural members designed in the basis of permissible stresses using a factor of safety
regardless of different working conditions and load combination has different safety margins. There are
two main limit states :
3) Limit state of collapse : To satisfy this limit state, the strength must be adequate to carry the loads.
Accounts must be taken of stability.
2) Limit state of serviceability : To satisfy this limit state deflection, racking and vibration must not
be excessive.
Specification and design criterion loads

Dead Load :
The dead load of the building shall comprise the weight of all walls, partitions, floors and roofs including
weight of all other permanent constructions.
Live Load :
1. Live load on all floors = 3.5 KN/m2
2. Live load on roofs = 1.5 KN/m2
# Seismic Load :
In the case of structures, designed for horizontal seismic force, only it shall be considered to act in any
one direction at time. When both horizontal and vertical seismic force are taken in to account horizontal
force in any one direction may be considered at a time, simultaneously with the vertical forces as
specified in the clause 5.4.4 N.B.C.
The vertical seismic coefficient shall be considered only in the class of structure in which stability is a
criterion of design or for overall stability except as otherwise specified.
ANOTHER CLASSIFICATION OF LOAD IN ACCORDANCE TO

STATISTICAL APPROACH
Characteristic Load
Since the loads are variable in nature, they are determined based on practical approach but it is impossible
to give guarantee that the load cannot exceed during the life span of the structure. Thus, the characteristic
value of the load is obtained based on statistical probabilistic principles from mean value and standard
deviation.
CRITICAL LOAD COMBINATION

While designing a Structure, all load combination, in general, as required to be considered on the Structure.
Since, for building upto 4 Storeys, wind load is not considered, the elements are required to be designed
for critical combination of dead and live load only.
For deciding critical load arrangements, we are required to use the maximum and minimum loads. For
this, code prescribes different load factors, as given below:
Max. Load= 1.5 (DL+LL)
Min. Load= DL
The maximum positive moment producing tension at the bottom will occur when the deflection is
maximum or curvature producing concavity upwards is maximum. This condition wil occur when
maximum load (i.e., both LL and_DL) covers the whole span while minimum load (only DL is on
adjacent spans.
The negative moments producing tension at the top will be maximum when the curvature at support
producing convexity upwards is maximum which requires maximum load should be applied on adjacent
spans.
FOR EARTHQUAKE RESIST RCC DESIGN LOAD COMBINATIONS

LOAD COMBINATION 101
1.5(DL+LL)
1.2(EQX+DL+0.5LL)
1.2(-EQX+DL+0.5LL)
1.2(EQX+DL+0.5LL)
1.2(-EQX+DL+0.5LL)
1.5 (EQX+DL)
1.5(-EQX+DL)
l.5(EQZ+DL)
1.5(-EQZ+DL)
1(1.5EQX +0.9DL)
1(-1.5EQX+O.9DL)
1(1.5EQZ+0.9DL)
1 (-1.5EQZ+0.9DL)
FOR FOOT DESIGN LOAD COMBINATIONS
LOAD COMB 201
DL+LL
LOAD COMB 202
EQX+DL+LL
LOAD COMB 203
-EQX+DL+LL
LOAD COMB 204
EQZ+DL+LL
LOAD COMB 205
-EQZ+DL+LL
LOAD COMB 206
EQX+DL
LOAD COMB 207
-EQX +DL
LOAD COMB 208
EQZ+DL
LOAD COMB 209
EQZ+DL
SALIENT FEATURES:
Following are the some salient features of the Structure:
TYPE OF STRUCTURE: MULTYSTOREY RIGID JOINT FRAME

STRUCTURE
TYPE OF BUILDING :
( G+2) HOSPITAL BUILIDING
EARTHQUAKE ZONE : IIIRD

LOCATION: LUCKNOW
LAYOUT: AS SHOWN IN DRAWING
NO. OF STOREY: 3(G+2)
FLOOR TO FLOOR HEIGHT: 3.5 METER
EXTRENAL WALL THICKNESS: 250 MM .
INTERNAL WALL THICKNESS: 150MM
DEPTH OF SLAB
: 150MM
SIZE OF BEAM (EXTERNAL): (250*400) mm

SIZE OF BEAM (INTERNAL): (250*450) mm
SECTION OF COLUMN: 250*450 MM
LOADING DATA:
LIVE LOAD: [IS 875-II-1987]
ROOMS: 3.5 KN/M2
DEAD LOAD
SELF WEIGHT OF SLAB .
SELF WEIGHT OF BEAM
TERRACE WATER PROOFING: 1.5 KN/M2 .
FLOOR FINISHING LOAD: 0.5 KN/M2
MATERIAL: M20 AND Fe 415

ANALYSIS & DESIGN PHILOSOPHY
SEISMIC ANALYSIS BY: EQUIVALENT STATIC METHOD .
MOMENT ANALYSIS BY : SUBSTITUTE FRAME METHOD
LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS BY: PORTAL METHOD
CONCRETE DESIGN BY: LIMIT STATE DESIGN METHOD
DUCTILITY DESIGN AS PER IS:13920-1993
Design of Slab
Design of floor slab:
Centre line plan of building and identification of same type of slab:
Sl
Sl
\
S2
S2
,
\
S3
S3
S2
S2
Sl
Sl
Assume slab depth= 150mm

LIveloads on all floors=3.5 kN/m2
Design by Limit State methQd
Using M-20 grade concrete.
And Fe-4 I 5. High yield strength deformed (HYSD) bar all floor slab and roof slab, dia 8mm
Design for slab FSl:
FS-I
Size of slab= 6.0 x 4.0

Depth of slab
Basic span depth ratio for continuous slab=26
Assume .3% steel, Modification factor= 1.43
Therefore effective depth required=( end span/basic span depth ratio x modification factor)
4000/26x1.43 = 107.58
=110mm.
Total depth (D)
= effective depth +clear cover
=110+20
=130mm
Adopt total depth(D) =130mm

Assume adopt total depth (D) =150mm
Effective depth= 150-20 = 130mm
Effective span == clear span + depth of slab
= 6 + (.15-.020)
= 6. 13m
Effectivespan = (6.13x4.I3)m
Ly /Lx =6.13/4.13 = 1.48 <2 (hence two way slab)
Load Consideration :
Considering 1m width of slab.
1)Dead load = density of concrete x d x b
= 25 x .15 x l
= 3.75 kN/m
Superimposed load = 3.5 kN/m

FIoor finish == I kN/m
Total Load = dead load + super imposed load = 3.75 +3.5 +1 = 8.25 KNlm
2) factored load = 1.5 x8.25 = 12.375 KNlm
From IS-456-2000 (table -26)
End condition ::- two adjacent edges of slab are discontinuous.
Moment coefficient:
For -ve bending moment at continuous edge
x
0.075
For +ve bending moment at mid span

Moment calcuIation:
For shorter span
-ve bending moment at continuous edge
Mx (-ve) = x W LX2
= 0.075 x 12.375 x 4.13^2
= 15.83 KN-m.
0.056
y
0.047
0.035 ..
+ ve bending moment at mid span

Mx(+)= xWLx2
= 0.056 x 12.375 x 4.13^2
=11.82 KN-m
For longer span:
My (-ve) = ay W LX2
= 0.056 x 12.37 x4.13^2
=9.92 KN-m
+ve bending moment at mid span
My (+ve) =ay W LX2
0.035 x 12.375 x 4.132
=7.39 KN-m.
Checking the depth of slab for max B.M.
M=0.138 ck B d2
15.83 x 10^6 = 20x 1000x d2
d = (15.83 x 10^6 )/0.138 x 20x 1000
= 75.73mm < 130mm
Hence adopt effective length ( d) = 130mm
Overall depth (D)= l50mm
Calculation of reinforcement:
(I): Area of steel along the shorter span (ASt) in cont. edge
ASt(-ve)= 0.5 ck/y [ 1-1-4.6 Mu/ck b d2] x b x d
=0.5 x 20/ 415 [1- 1- 4.6 x 15.83 x 10^6/20 x 1000 x 130^2] x 1000 x 130
= 357.87 mm2
Provide 8 mm and shorter span at mid span
Spacing (x) = (50.20 x 1000 )/ 357.87
=140.27 mm
Provide 8mm dia bar @ 130mm c/c
(2): Area of steel along the shorter span(ASt) in middle strip

ASt(-ve) = 0.5 x ck / y [ 1 - 4.6x mu /ck x b x d2] X b x d
= 0.5 x 20/415 x [ 1 -1-4.6 x 11.82 x 10^6/20 x 1000 x 130^2] x 1000x 130
= 262.99 = 263 mm2
Provide 8mm dia along shorter span at cont. edge.
Spacing (x) =( 50.20 x 1000)/263 = 190.87 mm
Provide 8 mm dia @ 180 mm clc
Reinforcement along longer span in middle strip :
Area of steel along the longer span (ASt) in cont. edge
ASt(-ve)= (0.5x20)/415[ 1- 1-(4.6 x 9.92 x 10^6)/20x 1000 x 130^2] x 1000 x 130
= 219.118 mm2
= 220 mm
Provide 8 mm
along longer span at conI. edge Spacing = (50.2 x 1000)/220 = 228.18 mm
Provide 8mm dia @ 220 c/c

Area of Steel along along the longer span
ASt (+ve) = 0.5 x 20 )/415 [ 1 - ..J4.6 x 7.39 x 10/\ 6 120 x 1000 x 1302 ] x 1000 x 130
= 161.69 = 162mm2
Provided 8 mm dia longer span at mid span
Spacing (x) = (50.2 x 1000) /162 = 309.876 = 310 mm
Provide 8mmdia bar 250 mm c/c
Check for deflection :
L/d provided = 4130 /150= 27.53
% of reinforcement = 1000 x ASt / b x d
= 1 000 x 357.87 / (1000 x 130)
= 0.27%
Fs = 0.58 x y x Area of steel required / area of steel provided
=0.58 x 415 x 357.87 /366.09
= 235.29 N/mm2
Modification factor (m) = 1.5 (from graph page no. 38 IS -456-2000)
L/d Max == 26 x 1.5 = 39> L/d provided (o.k.)

Check for shear:
Max. Shear force at support (v)= wulx/2
12.375*4.13/2= 25.55 KN
Nominal Shear Stress Tc= v/ B*d
=25.55*10^3/1000*130
% of Steel =
=0.196 N/mm2
100 ASt/ B * d
= 100*357.07/1000* 130
=0.275%
Hence Shear strength (tc)= 0.37 N/mm2
(as per IS 456- 2000, Table 19)
Shear strength for slab (t'c)= K* tc

= 1.3*0.37
= 0.48 N/mm2
Hence, t'c > tc.
Hence OK.
Design for slab FS2

Slab Size= 6.0 * 4.0 m
Depth of slab
Basic span depth ratio for continuous slab= 26
Assuming 0.3% steel , Modification factor= 1.5
4m
6m
Therefore, effective depth required
= End Span/ Basic span ratio* M.F.
= 4000/26.1 * 1.43
= 107.58mm
Assume effective depth required= 130 mm
Total depth (D)= effective depth+ clear cover
D= 30+20 = 150 mm
Actual effective depth (d )= 130 mm
Effective span is (6.130 *4. 130)m
Ly /Lx = 6.13/4.13
= 1.48 < 2 (Hence, two way slab.)
Load Consideration
Considering 1 m width of slab
B= 1000mm= 1 m
Dead Load= Density of concrete *D*B
=25*0.150* 1
=3.75 KN/m
Superimposed load (L.L.) = 3.5 KN/m (IS- 875)

Floor finish= 1 KN/m
Total load = DL + SIL + FFL
= 3.75+ 3.5+ 1
=8.25 KN/m
Factor Load Wu =1.5*8.25

=12.375 KN/m
End Condition:- One short edge of slab is discontinuous { From IS 456-2000 (Table 26)}
Moment Coefficient
For -ve bending moment at continuous edge
0.057
0.044
For +ve bending moment at continuous edge
0.037
0.028
Moment Calculation
For Short span
Negative B.M. at continuous edge
Mx (-) = xLx2
= 0.057*12.375*4.13^2
=12.03 KN-m
Positive BM at mid span

Mx (+) = xwLx2
= 0.044*12.375* 4.132
= 9.287 KN-m
For Longer Span

Negative B.M. at continuous edge
Mx (-) = xwLx2
= 0.037*12.375*4.13^2
=7.81 KN-m
Positive BM at mid span

Mx(+) = xwLx2
= 0.028* 12.375* 4.13^2
= 5.276 KN-m
Checking the depth of slab maximum B.M.

M = 0.138* ck *B*d2
d = (l2.03*l0^6 / .138*20*1000).
d = 66.02 < 130mm
Hence adopt effective depth d= 130 mm
overall depth (D) =150mm
Calculation of reinforcement:
Area of steel along the shorter span (ASt) in middle strip
Ast = 0.5*ck/y * {l- (l-4.6* Mu / ck B*d2)} *B*d
= (.5*20/415) * {I- (1-4.6* 9 .287* 10^6/20* 1000* 1302)} * 1 000* 13
=204.646 mm2
provided 8mm dia along shorter span at mid span
spacing (x) = 50.20* 1 000/204.646 =245.30mm
provided 8mm dia @240mm c/c
area of steel along the shorter span ASt in continuous edge.
ASt = 0.5 ck/y*{l- (l-4.6* Mu/ck *B*d2)}*B*d

= 0.5 *20/415 {l- ( 1-4.6* 12.03 * 10^6/20* 1 000* 1302)}*1000 *130
ASt (-ve) = 267.88 mm2
provided 8mm dia along short span at continous edge
spacing (x) = 50.20* 1000/267.88 =187.39
provided 8mm dia @ 180 mm c/c
Reinforcement along longer span in middle strip:area of steel along longer span (ASt) in middle strip
ASt(+) = 0.5*ck/ y *B*d{l- (l-4.6*Mu/ ck*B*d2)}
=0.5*20/415 {1- (1-(4.6*5.276* 10^6/20* 1000* 1302)} * 1 000* 130
= 114.56 mm2
provided 8mm along longer span at mid span
spacing (x) = 50.20* 1000/114.56 = 438.2 mm
provided 8mmdia@300mm c/c
area of steel along the longer span (ASt) in continuous edge
ASt (-) = 0.5*ck/y*B*d{ 1- (l-4.6*Mu/ck*B*d2)}
= 5*20/415* 1000* 130 {1- ( 1-4.6*7.81 * 10^6/20* 1000* 1302)}
=171.15 mm2
provided 8mmdia along longer span at continuous edge
spacing (x)= 50.20* 1000/171.15=293.30
provided 8 mmdia@ 280mm c/c
Check for deflection :(L /d) provided =4130/150= 27.53
% of reinforcement = 100*Ast / B*d
= 100*267.88/1000* 130
=0.205%
Fs 0.58 * y* area of Steel required /area of Steel provided

= 58*415*267.88/281.0
= 229.54 N/mm2
M.F = 1.5 (from graph)

(L/d) max = 26 *1.5= 39 > (L/d) provided (OK)
Check for shear :-
maximum shear force at support (V) = Wu Lx/2

=12.375*4.13/2 =25.55kN
nominal shear Stress Tv =V/B*d
=25.55*10*3/1000*130 =0.196 ~ 0.20 N/mm2
% of Steel = 100*ASt /B*d
= 267.88* 100/1000* 130 = 0.20%
Hence shear Strength Tc = 0.32N/mm2
(as per IS 456-2000 table -19)
shear Strength for span Tc = K*Tc
= 1.3*0.32= 0.416 N/mm2
'Tc' > Tv (hence OK)
Design for slab FS- 3
FS-3
Slab size =6x3 m'

Basic span depth ratio for continous slab=26
Assume 0.3% Steel
Modification factor =1.50
Therefore effective depth required = End span / basic span depth ratio * M.F
= 5000/26*1.50 =128.37~130 mm
Total depth (D) = effective depth + clear cover

130+20 = 150mm
Adopt total depth (D) = 150mm
Actual effective depth (d) = 150-20 = 130mm
Effective span (6.130 x 5.130)m
Ly/Lx = 6.130/5.130 = 1.20 < 2 (Hence two way slab)

Load consideration:
B=1m
Dead load = 25* .150* I (density of Concrete x D xB)
=3.75 KN/m
Super imposed load (I.L)=3.5KN/m
(as per 15-456-2000)
Floor finish = 1 KN/m
Total load =dead load + super imposed load +floor finish
= 3.75+3.5+ I =8.25 kN/m
Factored load = 1.5*8.25
= 12.375 KN/m
From 1S-456-2000 (table -p26)
End condition:- one shorter edge discontinuous
Moment coefficient:
For (-ve) B.M at continuous edge
0.0448
0.0370
For (+ve) B.M at mid span
0.036
0.028
Moment calculation:
-ve BM at continuous edge
Mx(-) =x w lx2
=0.048*12.375*5.132 =15.63 KN-M
+ve BM at mid span
Mx (+) =x W Lx2
=0.036* 12.375*5.132
= 11.72KN-m
For longer span:

My(-)= y W Lx2
= 0.037* 12.375*5.13
+ve B.M at mid span
= 12.04 KN-m
My(+)= y W Lx2
= 0.028*12.375*5.131 = 9.18 KN-m
Checking the depth of the slab for max B.M
M=0.138 * ck B d2
D= (l5.63* 10^6/ 0.138*20* 1000)
D= 75.25mm < 130mm (ok)
D= 150mm
Check of REINFORCEMENT:Area of the Steel along the shorter span (ASt) in middle Strip
ASt (+) =0.5ck/y {1-(1-( 4.6Mu/ck*B*d2))} *B*d
=0.5*20/415* {1-((1-( 4.6* 11.72* 10^6/20* 1000* 1302)} * 1000* 130
= 260.67 mm2
Provided 8mm dia along shorter span at mid span
Spacing (x)=50.20* 1 000/260.67
=192.58 mm
Provided 8mm dia @80 mm c/c
Area of Steel along the short span (ASt) in continuous edge
ASt(-) = 0.5 *ck/y *B*d{1-{1-(4.6*15.63*10^6/20*1000*1302})
= 353.06 mm2
Provided 8mm dia along shorter span at continuous edge
Spacing (x)= 1000*50.20/353.06
= 142.18 mm
Provided 8mm dia @140 mm c/c
Reinforcement along longer span in middle strips:Area of Steel along the longer span (ASt) in middle Strip
ASt (+) = 0.5 ck/y *B*d {l-((1-4.6*Mu /ck *B*d2)}
=0.5*20*1000* 130/415 {1- (1-4.6*9.12* 10^6/ 20* 1000* 1302}}
= 200.84 mm2
Provided 8mm along or span at mid span
Spacing (x) = 50.20* 1000/200.84
= 249.95mm ~ 250mm
Provided 8mm dia @ 240mm c/c

Area of Steel along the longer span (ASt ) in continuous edge
ASt(-ve) = 0.5*ck/y *B*d {1-(1- 4.6Mu/ck B*d2)}
= 0.5*20*1000* 130/415(1-(1-4.6* 12.04* 10^6/20* 1000* 1302)}
=268.12 mm2
Provided 8mm dia along longer span at continuous edge
Spacing (x) =50.20* I 000/268.12
=187.23 mm
Provided 8mm dia @ 180mm c/c
Check for deflection:(l/d) provided =5130/130 =39.4
% of reinforcement =100 ASt /B*d
=100*353.06/1000* 130
=0.027 %
Fs = 0.58 y * area of Steel required /area of Steel provided

= 0.58*415*353.06/368.11
=230.8 N/mm2
M.F = 1.6 (from graph)

(l/d) max=26*1.6 =41.6 > (l/d) provided (OK)
Check for shear:
Max shear force at support ( -v) = WuLx/2
=12.375*5.130/2
=31.174 KN
Nominal shear Stress Tv = V /B *d

= 31.174*10^3/1000*130 =0.24 N/mm2
% of Steel = 100 ASt/B *d
=100*268.13/1000* 130 =0.35%
Hence shear Strength (tc) =0.42 N/mm2
(as per IS-456-2000 table -19)
Shear Strength for slab (Tc') = K*Tc

= 1.3*0.42= 0.546 N/mm2
Tc' > Tc (hence safe)
ROOF SLAB
RSl
RSl
Rs2
RS2
RS3
RS3
RS2
RS2
RSl
RSl
Design of slabs RS 1:-
RS 1
Centre of line plan of building & identification of same type of slab

Live load on the roof = 1.5 kn/m2
Design by limit State method
Using M-20 grade concrete & Fe-415 high yield Strength deformed (HYSD) bar for all floor
slabs and roofs slab, using 8mm dia bars
Size of the slab = 6 x 4= 24 m
Depth of the slab :
Basic span depth ratio for continuous slab =26
Assuming 0.3 % Steel ,Modification factor = 1.43
Therefore effective depth required = end span / (basic span depth ratio x modification factor)
4000/(26 x 1.43) = 110 mm
Assume depth = 130mm
Assume effective depth (D) = Effective depth + clear cover

130+20= 150 mm
Adopt total depth (d) = 150 mm
Actual effective depth (d) = 130 mm
Ly / Lx = 6.1301 4.130 = 1.48 < 2 (hence two way slab)
Load consideration :
Considering I m width of the slab
B= 1000mm= 1 m
Dead load = Density of concrete x D x B
25x0.l50x I = 3.75 kn/m2
Superimposed load (L.L.) = 1.5 kn/m (IS -875)
Terracing water proofing (T. W. P). = 1.5 Kn/ m
Total load = Dead load + Superimposed load + T.W.P. + F.F
=3.75+ 1.5 + 1.5 + 0.5
= 7.25 Kn/m
Factor load = 1.5 x 7.25 = 10.875 kn/m
End condition : Two adjacent edges of slab are discontinuous{ From IS -456 -2000 (Table 26 II)}
Moment coefficient:
-
for-ve BM at continuous edge
0.075
0.047
for+ve BM at mid span

Moment calculation :
0.056
0.035
For shorter span:

-ve B.M. at continuous edge
Mx(-) == x. W .lx2
0.075 x 10.875 x 4.132
= 13.91 kn-m
-ve B.M. at mid span
Mx (+) == ax .W . Ix"'2
0,035 x 0.875 x 4.131\2
= 6.50KN-m
= 0.050 x 10.875 x 4.13"'2
= 10.39 kn-m
For longer span:-ve B.M at continuous edge:
My(-)==aywlx2
=0.047 x 10.875 x 4.132=8.72 KN-m
+ve BM at mid span:
My (+) == ay *w *lx2
= 0.035 x 0.875 x 4.13/2
= 6.50 KN-m
Checking the depth of slab for Max BM:

M= 0.138ck * B * d2
d =(/3.91xl06)/0.138x20x 1000=71 < 130 O.K>
hence adopt effective depth (d) = 130 mm
Overall deptn D = 150 mm .
Calculation of reinforcement: Area of Steel along the shorter span (ASt) =( 0.5 ck x B x d )/y[ 1-(1 4:6 Mu)/ck Bd2
(0.5 x 20 x 1000 x 130 )/415 [ 1 - 1-(4.6 x 10.39 x 106)/ 20x 1000 X 1302
= 230 mm2
Provide 8 mm dia bar along shorter span (ASt) in continuous edge
ASt (-ve) = 0.5 ck x B x d )/y[ 1- 1(1 - 4.6 Mu)/ck B d2
=(0.5*20* 1000* 130)/415 [1-1-(4.6x 13.91 x 106/120*100*1302)
=312.05mm2
Provided 8 mm dia along shorter span at cont. edge
Spacing (x) = 50.20 x 1000/312.05 = 160.87 mm
Provided 8 mm dia 150 mm C/C
Reinforcement along longer span in middle Strip :Area of Steel along the longer span (ASt) = 0.5 ck x B x d )/Gy[ 1- 1J (1 - 4.6 Mu)/ck B d2]
= (0.5 x 20 x 1000 x 130)/415 [ 1 -1 - (4.6 x 6.50 x 106)/20 x 1000 x 1302
= 141.76 mm2
Provided 8 mm dia along longer at mid span
Spacing (x) = 50.20 x 1000/141.76 = 354.11 mm
Provide 8 mmdia @ 300 c/c
Area of Steel along the longer span (A St) at cont. edge
ASt(-ve) = (0.5 x 20 x 1000 x 130)/415 [ 1- 1 -( 4.6 x 8.72 x 106)/ 20x 1000 X 1302
= 191.74mm2
Provide 8 mm dia along longer span at cont. edge
Spacing (x) = 50.20 x 1000/191.74 = 261.8
Provide 8 mm dia @ 250 c/c
Check for deflection :-
L/d provided = 4130/ 150 = 27.53

% of reinforcement = 100 x ASt/B x d
100 x 312.05 /( 1000 x 130) = 0.24 %
fs =- 0.58 x y x Area of Steel required/ area of Steel provided
=0.58 x 415 x 312.051 345.12
Fs 217.6 N / mm2
Modification factor = 1.7 (from graph, IS -456 -2000)
(L/d)max = 26 x 1.7 = 44.2> (L/d) provided (O.K.)
Hence shear Strength c = 0.36 n/mm2( as per IS -456 -2000, table 19)
Check for shear :Max shear force at support (v) = Wu x Ix/2
10.875 x 4.13/2 = 22.45 kn
Nominal shear Stress v = v/ B x d
22.45 x 103/(1000 x 130)= 0.18 N/mm2
% of reinforcement = K x c
1.30 x 0.36 = 0.468 , 'c > c hence safe"
Desaign for slab Rs2
R S- 2
Slab sixe = 6 x 4 = 24
Depth of the slab:
Basic Span Depth ratio for continuous slab=26
Assuming 0.30% Steel, M.f= 1.43
Therefore effective depth required
= End span/Basic Span depth ratio x M.F
=4000/(26x1.43)= 107.58mm
Assume effective depth required
D = 130mm
Total Depth (D)= Effective depth +Clear span
110+20 = 150mm
Adopt tatal Depth (0)= 150mm
Actual Effective depth (d)= 130mm
Effective span is (6.130 x 4. 130)m
(Ly/Lx)= (6.130/3.130)= 1.49
1.5<2
(Hence two way slab)
Load Consideration :-
Considering I m width of slab

B = 1000mm = 1m
Dead load = Density of concrete x B x D
25 x0.150 x 1
=3.75 kN/m
Superimposed load (IL)= 1.5 kN/m
(As per IS 875)
T.w.p= 1.5 kN/m

Total load =Dead load +Super imposed Load+T.w.p+F.F
3.75+ 1.5+ 1.5+0.5
= 7.25 kN/m
Factor Load = 1.5 x 7.25
= 10.875 kN/m
From IS 456-2000 (Table 26)

End Condition one short edge of slab is discontinuous
Momentum Coefficient
x
For ve BM at continuous 0.057
y
0.037
edge
For +ve BM at mid span
0.028
0.044
Moment calculation:
For Shorten Span:
-ve 8M at continues edge
Mx(-)=x WLX2
0.057 x 10.875 x 4.132
= 10.57 kNm
tve BM at mid span

M(x)=xwLx2
=0.044 x 10.875 X 4.132
For Longer Span :
= 8016 kNm

My (-ye) = y w Lx2
=0.037 x 10.875 x 4.132
= 6.86 kn-m
+ve B.M. at mid span

My (+) = yWLX2
0.028 x 10.875 x 4.132
= 5.19 kn-m
Checking the depth of slab for max B.M.

M =0.138 X ck x B X d2
D= (10.57 x 106)/0.138 x 20 x 1000= 61.88 = 62
d =62 < 130 (O.K.) safe
calculation for reinforcement:
shorter span:
Area of Steel along the shorter span (ASt) in middle Strip
AST= 0.5 ck x B x d )/y[ 1-1{1 - 4.6 Mu)/ck B d2
(0.5 x 20x 1000 x 130)/415 [1 -1- (4.6 x Mu)/ 20 x 1000 X 1302
179.05 mm2
Provide 8 mm dia along shorter span at mid span
Spacing (x) = 50.20 x 1000/ 179.05 = 280.35 mm
Provided 8 mm dia @ 275 cl c
Area of Steel along the shorter span (ASt) = 0.5 ck x B x d )/y[ 1-1 {l - 4.6 Mu)/ckBd2
=(0.5 x 20 x 1000 x 130 )/415 { 1-1 - {4.6 x 10.57 x 106)/20 x 1000 x 1302
= 234.05 mm2
Provided 8 mm dia along shorter span at continuous edge
Spacing (x) = (50.20 x 1000 )/234.05 = 214.48 =215 mm
Provided 8 mm dia @ 200 mm c/c
Reinforcement along longer span in middle Strip :ASt(+ve) = 0.5 ck x B x d )/y[ 1-.1{I - 4.6 Mu)/ck B d2
(O.5x20x 1000 x 130)/415 {1-1-{4.6x5.l9x 106)/20 x 1000 x 1302
=112.65 mm2
Provided 8 mm dia along longer span at mid span
Spacmg (x) = (50.20 x 1000)/112.65 = 445.60 mm

Area of Steel along the longer span (ASt) in cont. edge
ASt (-ve) = 0.5 ck x B x d )/y[ 1-1 (1 - 4.6 Mu)/ck B d2
=(0.5 x 20 x 1000 x 130 )/415 { 1
j 1 - (4.6 x 6.86 x 106)/20 x 1000 X 1302
149.&.1 = 150mm
Provided 8 mm dia along longer span at continuous edge
Spacing(x)= (50.20 x 1000)/150 = 335.10 mm
Check for deflection :L/d provided = 4130/150 = 27.53 mm
% of reinforcement = 100 x ASt / (B x d)
100 x 234.05 /1000 x 130 = 0.20%
Fs= 0.58 x y x Area of Steel required / area of Steel provided
0.58 x 415 x 234.05/246.10
Fs =228.91N /mm2
Modification factor = 1.6 (from graph, IS -456 -2000 )
(L/d)max = 26 x 1.6 = 41.6 > (L/d) provided (O.K.)
Check for shear :Max shear force at support (v) = Wu x lx/2
10.875 x 4.13 12 = 22.45 kn
Nominal shear Stress 'v = v/B x d
22.45 X 103/(1000 x 130)= 0.18 N /mm2
% of reinforcement = 100 x ASt/ (B x d)
=100 x 234.05 / 1000 x 130 = 0.18%

Hence shear Strength v= 0.31 N/mm2 (As per IS-456- 2000 .table 14)
Shear Strength for slab (c = k v)
= 13 x 0.31 = 0.403 N/mm2
c .> v , Hence safe ( ok)
Design of slab RS III
RS-3
Slab size = (6.0 x 4.0)m

Depth of slab
Basic span depth ratio for continuous slab = 26
Assuming = O.3 % Steel ,Modification factor = 1.50
Therefore effective depth required= end span/ (basic span x MF )
5000/926 x 1.50 = 128.20 = 130mm
Total Depth (D) = Effective depth + clear cover
130+ 20 = 150 mm
Adopt total depth 0 = 150mm
Actual effective depth d = 130mm
Effective span is ( 6.13 x 4.13 )m
Ly/Lx = 6.13/5.13 = 1.20 < 2
( Hence Two way slab)
Load Consideration:
B= 1000mm= 1 m
Dead load= Density of concrete x D x B
=25 x 0.150 x 1
=3.75 kN/m
Super Imposed Load (IL)= 1.5kN/m
(as per IS 875)
Terrace water proofing T.w.p= 1.5kN/m

F.F :O.5kN/m
Total load = dead Load + T. w. p + FF
5+ 1.5+ 1.5+0.5
=7.25kN/m
factor Load = 1.5 x 7.25
10.875kN/m
End Condition : one shorter edge discontinuous (From IS 456-2000(table -26))
Moment Coefficient
For -ve BM at continuous edge
0.048
0.037
For +ve BM at mid span
0.036
0.028
Moment Calculation:For Shorter Span:

Mx (.j = x . W . Ix2
=0.048 x 10.875 X 5.132
= 13.74kN/m

Mx(+)= x.w.lx2
=0.036 x 10.875 x 5.132
= 10.3kN/m
For longer Span:

.ve BM at continuous edge
Mx(-) =x. W .lx2
=0.037 x 10.875 X 5.132
= 10.58kN/m

Mx(+) = x w .lx2
=0.028 x 10.875 X 5.132
=8.01kN/m
Check for depth of slab max BM:

M: 0.138ck bD2
D=10.1631 x 106/0.138 x 20 x 1000
=76 <130
(Safe)
Hence adopl effective depth d= 130mm

Overall depth D = 150mm
Calculation For Reinforcement:

Area of Steel along the shorter span (ASt) in middle Strip (span)
ASt(+):::- 0.5 ck x B x d )/y[ 1-1(1 - 4.6 Mu)/ck B d2
=(O.5x20x 1000 x 130 )/415 { I-1 - (4.6 x 10.39 x 106)/20 x 1000 x 1302
= 227.84 mm2
Provided 8 mm dia along shorter span at mid span
Spacing(x) = (50.20 x 1000)/280.96 = 220.3 mm
Provided 8 mm @ 200 mm c/c
Area of Steel along the shorter span (ASt) in cont. edge
ASt(.) = 0.5 ck x B x d )/ay[ 1-1(1 -4.6 Mu)/ck B d2
=(O.5x20xI000x 130)/415 {1-1-(4.6x 13.34x 106)/20 x 1000 x 1302
= 308.00mm2
Provided 8 mm along shorter span at cont. edge
Spacing(x)= (50.20 x 1000)/308.00 = 169.927 mm
Provided 8 mm @ 160 mm c/ c
Reinforcement along longer span in middle Strip:
Arca of Steel along the longer span (ASt) in middle Strip
ASt(+) -= 0.5 ck x B x d )/ay[ 1-1 (1 - 4.6 Mu)/ck B d2
=(O.5x20xI000x 130)/415 {1 1-(4.6x8.01 x 106)/20 x 1000 x 1302
175.66mm2
Provided 8 mm dia along longer span at mid span
Spacing(x) (50.20 x 1000)/ 175.66 = 285.76 mm2
Provided 8 mm dia 275 mm c/c

Area of Steel along the longer span (ASt) in cont. edge :
ASt(-)=- 0.5 ck x B x d )/y[ 1-1 (1- 4.6 Mu)/ckB d2
=(0.5 x 20 x 1000 x 130 )/415 { 1- 1 - (4.6 x 10.58 x 106)/20 x 1000 X 1302
= 134.28mm2
provided 8 mm dia along longer span at cont. edge
Spacing (x) = (50.20 x 1000)/234.28 = 214.269 mm
Provided 8 mm @ 200 mm c/c
Check for deflection :l/d provided = 5130/150 = 34.2
% of reinforcement = 100 x ASt / B x d
= 100 x 308.00 /( 1000 x 130) = 0.29 %
fs=0.58 x y x Area of Steel required /area of Steel provided
=0.58 x 415 x 308.00/326.05 =227.37 N/mm2
Modification factor = 1.6 (from graph, IS -456 -2000 )
(L/d)max= 26 x 1.6 = 41.6 > (L/d) provided (O.K.)
Hence shear Strength c = 0.36 n/mm2 as per (IS -456 -2000, table 19)
Check for shear :Max shear force at support (v) = W u x 1x/2
10.875 x 5.13/2
= 27.89 km
Nominal shear Stress v = v/ B x d
= 27.8 x 103 /(4000 x 130)
= 0.21N /mm2
% of reinforcement = 100 x ASt / (B x d)

= 100 x 369.45/1000 x 130
= 0.28%
Hence shear Strength c= 0.37 N/mm2 (As per IS-456- 2000 .table 19)
Shear Strength for slab ( c = k v)
=1.3 x 0.37 = 0.481 N/mm2
' c> hence safe ( ok)
For floor slab (two way slab)

Type of
Mx=x
moment
-ve
0.075 0.047
+ve
-ve
0.056 0.035
0.057 0.037
+ve
-ve
0.044 0.028
0.048
0.037
M = x
Reinforcement
y
.
W detail along
Reinforcement
detail along long
Wlx2
Ix2
short span
span
15.83
9.92
8 mmcp@130
mmc/c
mmc/c
8 mmcp@180
mmc/c
mmclc
11.85
12.03
9.287
15.63
7.39
7.81
5.276
mmc/c
8 mmcp@240
mmc/c
mmc/c
12.04
5
0.028
11.72
mmcp@280
mmc/c
8 mmdia@140
9.118
mmcp@300
mmdia@18
0
mmc/
mmc/c
0.036
mmcp@250
8 mmcp@ 180 8
1.
+ve
mmcp@130
8 mmdia@180
mmdia@24
0
mmc/
mmc/c
For ROOF slab ( two way slab)

l
Typ
of x
e
-x moment
Mx = x My = x
W
Reinforcement
Reinforcement
detail
detail along long
along
-ve
0.075
0.047
Wlx2
Ix2
short span
span
13.91
8.72
8 mmdia@150
mmc/c
mmc/c
.5
+ve
-ve
0.056
0.057
0.035
0.037
10.39
6.86
6.50
7.81
.5
+ve
-ve
0.044
0.048
0.028
0.037
8.16
13.74
5.190
10.58
5
+ve
0.036
0.028
10.3
8.01
8mmdia@21 Om 8
m c/c
mmc/c
8mmdia@200m
mc/c
mmc/c
8 mmdia@275
mmc/c
mmc/c
8 mmdia@160
mmc/c
mmc/c
8 mmdia@200
mmc/c
mmc/c
mmdia@25
0
mmdia@30
0
mmdia@30
0
mmdia@30
0
mmdia@20
0
mmdia@27
5
Load Analysis
Type of Structure= Multi-Storey
1. Zone= III
2. Number of Stories= Three (G+2) 1. Floor to floor height= 3.5m
4. External walls= 250 mm including plaSter
5. Internal walls= 150 mm
6. Size of column= (250*450) mm
7. Size of beam (external)= (250*400) mm
8. Size of beam (internal)= (250*450) mm
Loading data: 10.5 m
Dead load (DL)

Terrace water proofing (TWF)= 1.51 KN/m
Weight of slab= 250 KN/m
Depth of the slab (D)= 150 mm
= 25* 0.15 = 3.75 KN/m
Weight of walls:
external Wall (250 mm thick)
0.25 *20
= 5 KN/m
Internal walls (150 mm thick)

= 0.150*20 = 3 KN/m
Live Load (LL)
Roof 1.5
Live load on floor= 3.5 KN/m
Earthquake Load (EQ):
Ah= (z/2)*(I/R)*(Sa/g)
Zone III (Lucknow)
Z=O.16,1=1.5 ,R= 5
T=O.09*h/(d)= (0.09 *105)/(21)

T=0.21 sec
Sa/g= 2.5
Ah= (0.16/2)*(1.5/5)* 2.5
= 0.06m
Analysis of sub-frame (3-4)
#DL of roof level:=
Weight of slab= 25D = 25*0.15
=3.75 KN/m
Weight of finish= FF+ TWF
= 0.5+ 1.5
= 2 KN/m
Total Weight = 2 +3.75
= 5.75 KN/m
Total weight on the beam (B6)
Tributary floor area on beam (B6)
= {O5*(6+ 1 )*2.5)*(0.5*( 6+ 2)*2)
Roofweight on beam (B6)=
= 16.75 m
5.75* 16.15
= 96.3125 KN
Weight on beam (B6) per metre

096.3125/6
= 16.05 KN/m
Self weight of beam= 25* 0.25*(0.45-0.115) =1.875 KN/m
Total weight on beam (B6)
16.05+ 1.875
= 17.925 KN/m
#DL at floor level:
Weight of slab= 25D= 25*0.15
=3.75 KN/m
Weight of finishes (FF) = 1 KN/m

Total weight= 3.75+ 1 = 4.75 KN/m
(0.5*(6+ 1 )*2.5)+6+2)*2)
=16.75 m
Slab weight in beam (B6)
16.75* 4.75
= 79.5625 KN
Weight on beam (B6) per metre

79.5625/6
= 13.26 KN/m
Self weight on beam = 25*0.25*(0.45-0.15) =1.875 KN/m
Weight of walls = 20*0.15*(3.5-0.15)
=9.15 KN/m
Assume inner wall= 150 mm thick
13.26+ 1.875+9.15
= 24.285 KN/m
Dead load on frame B6

live (imposed) load analysis:
Liveload at roof level:
Wt of live load= 1.5 KN/m
=(0.5*(6+ I )*2.5)+(0.5*( 6+ 2)*2)
Totsl weight on beam (B6)
= 15*16.75
= 25.125 KN
Total weight on beam (B6) per each
23.125/6
= 4.1875 KN/m
= 16.75 m
Live load at floor level:

Weight of live load= 3.5 KN/m
Weight on beam(b6)
= wt of live load* Area
Tributary floor area in beam (B6)
=0/5*(6+1)*2.5) + (O.5*( 6 + 2)*2)
=16.75 m

= 3.5*16.75
=58.625 KN/m
Total wt on beam (B6) per each beam=58.625/6
=9.771 KN/m
Earthquake load analysis:

Determination of total base shear:
Dead load:
Lx=4+4+5+4+4== 21 m
Ly= 6+6=12m
a)Wt of floor= (21*12*(3.75+1))=1197KN
b)Wt of roof= (Ws+TWF+FF) = 21*12*(3.75+1.5+0.5) = 149 KN
c)Wt of peripherals beam (Traverse) = [2*{6- 0.5*0.250-0.5*0.250)*1.5625]*2= 35.9375
KN
d) Wt of peripheral beam (1ongitudinal)= [4*(4-0.250/2-0.250/2)*1.5625]*2+ [1 *(5
0.5*0.250- 0.5*0.250)*1.5625]*2 = 468.875+14.84375 = 61.71875 KN
e) Wt of parapet wall (1 m high and 150 mm thick)=2*(12+21)*1 *(0.150)*20= 198 KN f) Wt of
external wall= 20*0.25 * (2*19.75+2*11.5) (3.5- 0.41)= 953.125
g) Interior beams (transverse)= [4*(6-0.450)* 1.875)*2]
h) Interior beams(longitudinal) =4*(4-0.250)*1.875]+[1 *(5-0.250)*1.875]= 28.125+8.9=
37.03 KN
i) Wt of interior wall (150 mm thick)
Length (transverse)
= {(6-0.5*0.25-0.5*0.25)*4*2 =46m
Wt of interior wall= 20* 0.150 *46*(3.5-0.450)= 420.9KN
Length (1ongitudinal) = {4-0.25)*4}+(5-0.25)
= 15+4.75 =19.75m
Wt of interior wall = 20*0.150* 19.75*(3.75-0.45)
= 195.525KN
Total wt of interior wall= 421 + 195.525 = 616.525 KN
j) Wt of external column/height
(6*250*0.450*25)*2
=39.375 KN/m
Wt of external column = 39.375* (3.5-0.50)= 132 KN

k) Wt of interior column/height
= 4*(0.25*0.45*25)
= 11.25 KN/m
Wt of interior column= 11.25*(3.5-0.150) = 37.6875 KN

Live Load:
Live load on roof= 0
Live load on floors = 50% of 3.5 KN/m

= 1.75KN/m
Total live load on each floor = 21 * 12* 1. 75
=441 KN
Concentrated Mass:
At roof = b+c+d+e+( f/2 ) +g+h + ( i/2 )+(3 j/2 )+(3 k/2)
1449+36+61.72+ 198+(953.125/2)+83.25+37+(616.525/2)+(132/2+(37.6875/2)
=273463882 KN
IInd floor:
a+c+d+f+g+h+i+(j+k)
1191+36+61..72+953.125+83.25+ 37+616.525+ 132+37.6875
=3148.31KN
ISt floor:
a+c+d+f+g+h+i+(j+ k)
1191+36+61 .72+953.125+83.25+ 37+616.525+ 132+37.6875
=3148.31 KN
Total weight (W)
2734.63882+2*3148.31
=9031.25382 KN
Total base shear
Ah*W
=0.06*9031.25382
= 541.875 KN
Base shear in each frame VB= 542/6= 90.33 KN

Portal Method:
Terrace
Horizontal shear n column
55.10= P+2P+P= 4P
P= 13.775 KN
PORTAL METHOD
Horizontal shear in column
55+28.20= 4Q
Q= 20.825 KN
55.10+28.20+7.05= 4R
R=22.58 KN
Moment in Column:
C1(External column 2nd floor)
MA2AI = MC1C2 =MC2C1= Ph/2= 13.775*3.5/2
=24.11 K.N
Internal Column
MB1B2=MB2B1=2Ph/2= 2*13.775*3.5/2
=48.2 KN-m
C2 ISt floor(Extemal Column)

MA2A3=MA2A2=MC3C2=MC3C2=Qh/2
M*3.5/2
=36.44 KN-m
internal column
M=B2B3=MB3B2=2Qh/2= 2*20.825*3.5/2
=72.881 KN-m
C3 Ground floor (External column)
MA3A4=MA4A3=MC3C4=MC4C3= Rh/w= 22.58*3.5/2
=39.515 Kn-m
(Internal Column)
MB3B3=MB4B3=2Rh/2= 2*36.85= 79.03 KN-m
Moment in beam:
Roof beam
B1 MA1B1=MB1A1=MB1C1=MC1B1= Ph/2= 13.775*3.5/2
=24.1 Kn-m
B2 MA2B2= MB2A2= MB2C2= MC2B2= (P+Q)h/2

113.775+ 20.825)* 3.5/2
=60.55 kn-M
B3 MA3B3= MB3A3= MB3C3= MC3B3= (Q+R)H/2
(20.82+ 22.58)*3.5/2
. =76 KN-m
Shear in beam:
Shear in any beam= Beam end moment/Half of the span
Roof SI
SA1B1=SB1A1= SB1C1=SC1B1= 24.10/(6/2)
= 8.03 KN
S2 1St Floor
SA2B2=SB2A2=SB2C2=SC2B2= 60.55/(6/2)
S3 IInd Floor
Axial forces in columns:
= 20.18 KN
Taking moment about (A)

RB*I = M + M
RB=2M/1
Column AIA2= 2MAIA2/1= 2*24.11/6
= 8.03 KN
Column A2A3= 2MA2A3/1= 2*36.44/6
=12.15kn
Column A3A4= 2MA3A4/1= 2*72.88/6
= 24.3 KN
AXIAL FORCES IN COLOUMN
Column AIA2= SFA1B1 = 8.03 KN
Column A2A3= Axial forces in column A1A2+ SF A2B2= 8.03+20.181= 28.21 KN
Column A3A4= Axial force in A2A3+ SF A2B3= 28.211+ 25.36 = 53.57 KN
Coloumn B1B2=SFA1A2-S.FB1C1
=8.O3-8.03=0
Column B2B3= Axial force in column B1B2+ SFA2B2-SFB2C2
0+20.18-20.18=0
Column B3B4= Axial force in column A2B2+ SFA3B3-SFB3C3

25.36- 25.35 = 0
Column C1C2= SFB1C1= 8.03 KN
Column C2C3= Axial force in column C1C2+ SF
B2C2
1.03+20.18
= 28.21 KN
Column C3C4= Axial forces in column C2C3+ SFB3C3= 28.21+25.36= 53.57 KN
Portal method:
Terrace :
Horizontal shear in columns
55.10 = p+2p +2p +2p +2p+p
55.10 = l0p
P = 5.51 KN
IInd floor:
55. 10+28.20 = 10Q
Q = 8.33 KN
ISt Floor:
55.10+28.20+7.05 =l0R
R=9.035 KN
Moment in column
2nd Floor (external f1oor )
C1-MA1A2=MA2A1=Mf1f2=Mf2f1
=Ph/2 = 5.51 *3.5/2
=9.6425 KN-m
C2- MB1B2=MB2B1=MC1C2=MC2C1=MDID2=MD2DI=MFlF2=MF2FI= 2Ph/2
=2*5.51 *3.5/2
=19.285KN-m
ISt floor (internal column)
C3- MA2A3=MA3A2=MF2F3=MF3F2=Qh/2
=8.33*3.5/2
=14.575 KN-m
(Internal column)
C4- MB2B3=MB3B2=MC2C3= MC3C2= MD2D3= MD3D2= MF2F3=MF3F2=2Qh/2
2*8.33 *3. 5/2
=29. 155KN-m
(Exlernal column) Ground floor
C5- MA3A4=MA4A3=MF3F4=MF4F3=RH/2
21.035*3.5/2
=15.81 KN-m
(Internal column)
C6- MB3B4=MB4B3=MC3C4= MC4C3= MD3D4= MD4D3=ME3E4= ME4E3=2Rh/2

2*9.035*3.5/2
= 31.62 KN-m
MOMENT IN BEAM:
ROOF BEAM:
B1- MA1B1=MB1A1=MB1C1=MC1B1=MC1D1=MD1C1=MD1E1= ME1D1= ME1F1=MF1E1= Ph/2
5.5*3.5/2
=9.625 Kn-m
IInd Foor
B2- MA2B2=MB2A2=MB2C2=MC2B2=MC2D2=MD2C2=MD2E2=ME2D2= ME2F2=MF2E2=
(P+Q) *h/2
(5.51+8.33)*3.5/2
=24.22KN-m
1St Floor
B3-MA3B3=MB2A3= MB3C3= MC3B3= MC3D3= MD3C3= MD3E3= ME3F3= MF3E3=
( Q+ R) *h/2
(8.33+9.035)*3.5/2
=30.38 kN-m
Shear in beam:
Shear in any beam = beam end moment / half of the span
Roof S1:
SA1B1=SB1A1= SB1C1=SC1B1=SD1E1=SElD1 =SE1F1=SF1E1
9.625/(4/2)
= 4.8125 KN
SC1D1=SD1C1=9.625/(5/2) =3.85 KN
IInd Floor
S2-SA2B2=SB2A2=SB2C2=SC2B2=SD2E2= SE2D2=SE2F2=SF2E2
24.22/(4/2)
= 12.11KN
SC2D2=SD2C2=24.22/(5/2) =9.688 KN
ISt floor
S3-SA3B3=SB3A3=SB3C3=SC3B3= SC3B3= SD3E3=SE3D3=SE3F3=SF3E3
30.38/(4/2)
=15.19 KN
SC3D3=SD3C3= 30.38/(5/2) = 12.15 KN
Axial forces in column:
Taking moment about A
RB*L-M-M =0
=2M/L
RA=2M/L
Column A1A2 =2M/L
2*9.625/4 =4.81KN
Coloumn A2A3= 2MA2A3/1
2*14.5775/4 =7.288KN
Column A3 A4=2MA3A4/l = 2*15.81/4 = 7.905 KN
Axial forces in column:
ColumnA1A2 = S.FAlB1 =4.8125 KN
ColumnA2A3 = column A1A2 + S.FA282
=4.8125=12.11= 16.9225 KN
Column A3A4 = axial force in column A2A3 + S.FA3B3
16.9225 +15.196 =32.1125 KN
ColumnB1B2 =S.FA1B1 S.FB1CI
=4.8125-4.8125 =0
ColumeB2B3 = axial force column B1B2 + SFA2B2 SFB2C2

0+12.11 -12.11=0
Column B3B4 = axial force column B2B3 + SFA3B3 -SFB3C3
0+15.19-15.19=0
Column C1C2 = S.FB1C1 -SFC1D1
=4.8125-3.85 =0.9625KN
Column C2C3 = axial force column C1C2 +SF B2C2 S.FC2D2
0.9625+12.11-9.688= 4.1855 KN
Column C3C4 = axial force column C2C3 +SFB3C3
=4.1855+15.19-12.15 =7.225KN
Column D1D2 = SFC1D1 -SFD1E1
=3.854.8125= -0.9625KN
Column D2D3 = axial force column D1D2 + SFC2D2 SFD2E2
=-0.9625+9.688-12.11 =-03.3845 KN
Column D3D4= axial force columnD2D3 + SFC3D3 SFD3E3
=-3.3845+12.15-15.19 = -6.4245 KN
Column E1E2 =SFD1El-SFE1F1
4.8125-4.8125 =0
Column E2E3 = axial force column + SFD2E2 SFE2F2
0+12.11-12.11= 0
Column E3E4 = axial force column E2E3 +SFD3E3 -SFE3F3
0+15.19-15.19 =0
ColumnF1F2 = SFE1F1 =4.8125KN
Column F2F3 = axial force column F1F2 +SFE2F2
4.8125+12.11 =16.9225 KN
Column F3F4 = axial force column F2F3 +SFE3F3
16.9225+ 15.19 =32.11 KN
Load on column (C5,C14)
=(43.5+ 7.5+43.5)*2/2+(87+*7+ 11.25)*2/2
= 279.75 KN
load on column (C8, Cll)

(43.5+43.5+7.5)/2+(68+68+9.4)/2+(87+11.25+95.15)*2/2 = 313.35 KN
1St Floor Column
Weight of column= (25*0.25*0.450*(3.5-0.40)
Weight of wall (6m)Ex = 20*0.250*5.75*3.05
= 8.72 KN
= 87.69 KN
Weight of wall (46m)Ex= 20*0.250*3.05*(4-0.25)
= 57.19KN
= 72.44 KN
= 52.6 KN
Weight of wall (4m)Ex= 20*0.150*3.05 *( 4-0.25)
= 34.31 KN
Weight ofwaIl(56m)Ex= 20*0.150*3.05*(5-0.25)
= 43.46 KN
Load on column (cl, c3, cl6, c18)

88.06+8.72t87.69/2+57 .19/2+(87+9.375)/2+(43.5+6.25)/2
= 251 KN
Load on column (c4, c6, cl3, cl5)

163.375+8.72+57 .19+52.6/2+( 43.5+6.25)*2/2+(87+87+ 11/25)/2 = 406.68 KN
163.375+8.72+57.19+52.6/2+(43.5+6.25)*2/2+(7.8+68)/2+(95.15+87+ 11.25)/2
=441.31+ 8.72
= 450 KN
Load on column (c2, cl7)
165+ 87.69+34.31/2+(87+9/375)*2/2+(43.5+ 7.5+43.5)/2
= 431 KN
279.75+8.72+52.6+ 34.31 +(87+87+ 11.25)*2/2+(43.5+43.5+7.5)*2/2 = 663 KN
Load on column (c8, c 11 )

313.35+8.72+52.5+34.31/2+43.46/2+(95.15+11.25+87)*2/2+(68+68+9.4)/2+(43.5+43.5+7.5)/2
=726.765+8.75 = 735.485 KN
GROUND FLOOR
Load on column (cl, c3, c16, c18)
242.28+8.72+52.6+ 34.31 +(87+87+ 11.25)*2/2+(43.5+6.25)/2
=396.5+8.72 = 405.22 KN
Load on column (c4, c6, cl3, c15)
397.96+8.72+57.19+52.6/2+(43.5+6.25)*2/2+(87+87+ 11.25)/2
= 632.545 + 8.72= 641.265 KN
=441.31+8.75+57.19/2+72.44/2+52.46/2+(43.5+6.25)/2+(7.8+68)/2+(95.15+87+11.25)/2
700.62+8.72 =709.34 KN
422.22+8.7+87.69+34.31/2+(87+9.375)*2/2+(43.5+43.5+7.5)*2/2
679.44+ 8.72= 688.16 KN
Load on column (c5, c14)
655.12+8.72+52.6+34.37+(87+87+ 11.25)*2/2+(43.5+43.5+7.5)*2/2
1030.5+8.72= 1039.22 KN
Load on column (c8, c11)
726.76+8.72+52.5+34.31/2+43.46/2+(95.15+87+ 11.75)*2/2+(68+68+9.4)/2+(43.5+43.5+7 .5)/
2=1140.18+8.72 == 1148.90 KN
LOADING AND FIXED END MOMENT
MEMBER
DEAD
LOAD
LIVE LOAD (LL)
FEM DUE TO DL
(DL)
AB
JOINT
LOAD
9.771
ST
IFFNESS
COMBINED
DISTRIBUTION
IFFNESS
FACTOR (DF)
ST
TOTAL
==WL/12
24,285
MEMBER
FEM DUE
AB
0.67
AG
1.14
AD
1.14
0.227
2.95
0.386
0.386
1
BC
0.67
0.185
BE
1.14
BH
1.14
0.315
BA
0.61
0.185
3.62
0.315
1
C
CB
0.67
CF
1.14
CI
1.14
0.227
2.95
0.386
0.386
0.9991
MAXIMUM NEGATIVE BM AT SUPPORT JOINT A

LL=AB
DL = BC
TO
JOINT
MEMBERS
AB
BA
BC
CB
DF
0.227
0.185
0.185
0.227
-72.885
72.855
1. FEM due
to DL
2.
FEM
due to TL
-102.168
+102.168
(102.168-
3.
72.855)*0.815=-
DiStribution
4.
Carryover
5.42
-5.42/2=-2.71
5 Add 2.
And 4.
6.
(+102.168*0.227
DiStributive
)
= -23.20
Total
Moment
-81.68 KN-m
(5+6)
MAXIMUM NEGATIVE BM AT SUPPORT JOINT B

LL = BA & BC
JOINT
DL= ABC
MEMBERS AB
BA
BC
CB
DF
0.227
0.185
0.185
0.227
+102.168
-102.168
+102.168
(102.168*0.227)
(-102.168*0.227)
FEM
due
to DL
FEM
due
to TL
102.168
DISTRIBUTIO
= +23.20
= -23.20
N
4. Carryover
-5.42/2 = -2.71 -11.60
5. Add 2. And 4 -104.88
90.58
6. DiStributive
( 102.168*0.22 (+102.168*0.185
Total Moment
7)
) 16.75
= +23.20
73.83 KN-m
-73.83 KN-m
11.60
-90.58
(102.168*185)
+16.75
(5+6)
MAXIMUM NEGATIVE BM AT SUPPORT JOINT C

LL = BC
DL= ABC
JOINT
MEMBERS
AB
BA
BC
CB
DF
0.227
0.185
0.185
0.227
1. FEM due
to DL
2.
-72.855
72.855
FEM
due to TL
3.
DiStribution
-102.168
+102.168
(102.168*0.227)
(72.855-
= +23.20
102.168)*0.185
= +5.42
4.
+5.42/2= +2.71
Carryover
5 Add 2.
And 4.
6.
(+102.168*0.227)
DiStributive
= -23.20
Total
81.68
Moment
(5+6)
MAXIMUM POSITIVE BM AT MID SPAN AB

LL = AB
DL = ABC
JOINT
MEMBERS
AB
BA
BC
CB
DF
0.227
0.185
0.185
0.227
1. FEM due
-72.855
to DL
2.
FEM
due to TL
- 102.168
+72.855
+102.168
(102.168*0.227)
3.
= +23.20
DiStribution
(102.16872.855)*0.185
= -5.42
4.
Carryover
Total
Moment
-5.42/2 = 2.71
+11.60
-81.68 KN-m
+108.348 KN-m
Now free BM= W12/8=(34.055)*62/8 = 153.24 KN-m

Net BM at the centre of AB
= 153.24 - (81.68+108.348)/2 = 58.226 KN-m
MAXIMUM POSITIVE BM AT MID SPAN BC

LL=BC
,DL=ABC
JOINT
MEMBERS
AB
BA
BC
CB
DF
0.227
0.185
0.185
0.227
-72.855
72.855
1. FEM due
to DL
2.
FEM
due to TL
3.
DiStribution
-102.168
102.168
(102.168+72.855)*
0.185
(-102.168*0.227)=
-23.20
=+5.42
4.
Carryover
Total
Moment
Now free BM=Wl2/8

=(34.055)*62/8=153.25 kN-m
Net BM at the centre of AB
=153.24-(81.68+108.348)/2=58.226 KN-m
-11.59
-108.348
KN-m
5.42/2=2.71
+81.68 KN-m
Design of Column
Ground Floor
Design of External column (cl c3 cl6 c18)
Size of column = 250mmx450mm
Concrete mix =M20
CharacteriStic Strength of reinforcement = 415N/mm2
Axial force on column = 405.22kN
Moment acting on column= 39.515kN-m
Factored Axial force on column (Pu) = 1.5 x 405.22
= 607.83 kN
Factor Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 39.515 = 60.00 kN-m
Assume Moment due to minimum eccentricity are less then the values given above
Reinforcement is diStributed equal on 4 side
Asume effective cover (d')= 50mm
Uniaxial moment capacity of the section= effective cover
Overall depth I
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation Of Pu/ck x b x D and Mu/ckbD2
where Pu and Mu are the factored axial compressive load and bending moment respectively
Pu/ck X b D= 607.83 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.27
Mu/ ck X b X D2= 60 x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.10
Therefore using chart 45 of design aid to is 456-2000 SP 16 for calculating p/ck
Therefore p/ck =0.06
Therefore percentage of reinforcement (P) = 0.06 x 20= 1.2%
Area of reinforcement required ASt = P x bD
= 1.2 x 250 x 450/1 00
= 1350mm2
Therefore provided 16mm dia @ 7 bars
Lateral Ties :
Diameter of lateral ties shall be not less then
a) 6mm
b) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =1/4 x 16= 4
Therefore, provide 6mm tie
Spacing of tie shall not exceed
a) LeaSt lateral diamension of column 250mm
b) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 16 = 256 mm
c) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
d) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
Therefore 6mm bar @250mm c/c.
Design of External column (c4 c6 c13 c15)
Size of column = 250 mm x 450mm
Concrete mix =M20
Factorized Axial force on column ( Pu) = 1.45 x 641.265
Factor Moment acting of column (Mu) = 1.5 x 39.515
961.8975 kN
= 60.66 kN-m
Assume effective cover (d')= 50mm
Overall depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu/<ck x b x D and Mu/<ckbD2
Where Pu and Mu are the factored axial compressive load and bending moment respectively
Pu/ckxbxD = 961.8975 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.43
Mu/ck x b x D2= 60 x 106 /20 x 250 x 4502= 0.10
Therefore using chart 45 of design aid to is 456-2000 SP 16 for calculating p /ck
Therefore p/ ck = 0.09
percentage of reinforcement (P) = 0.09 x 20=1.8%

Area of reinforcement required Ax = p x bD=1.8 x 250 x 450/100 = 2025mm2
therefore provided 20mm dia @7 bars
Laterial Ties :
c) 6mm
d) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =1/4 x 20= 5
e) LeaSt lateral diamention of column 250mm
f) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 20 = 320 mm
g) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
h) 300mm
> Spacing = 300mm
Design of External column (c7 c9 cl0 c12)
Size ofcolumn = 250mmx450mm
Concrete mix =M20
Factorise Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*709.43
Assume Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 39.515
= 1064.01 kN
= 60.00 kN-m
Assume ffective cover (d')= 50mm
axial moment capacity of the section= effective cover
overall depth
=d/D=50/45 0=0. 11
Calculation of Pu/ck X b x D and Mu/ck bD2
Pu/ck x b D= 1064.01 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.47
Mu/ckx b X D2= 60 X 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.1 0
Therefore using chart 45 of design aid to is 456-2000 SP 16 for calculating pi/ck
Therefore percentage of reinforcement (P) = 0.10 x 20=2%
Area of reinforcement = P x bD
= 2x 250 x 450/1 00
= 2250mm2
Therefore provided 20mm dia@8bars
Lateral Ties:
e) 6mm
f) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =1/4 x 20= 5
i) LeaSt lateral diamention of column 250mm
j) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 20 = 320 mm
k) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
l) 300mm
Spacing= 300mm
Design of External column (c2 c17)
concrete mix =M20
teriStic Strength of reinforcement = 415N/mm2

Factored Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*688.16
= 1032.24 kN
Factor Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 39.515
= 60.00 kN-m
reinforcement is diStributed equal on 4 side
effective cover (d')= 50mm
ial moment capacity of the section= effective cover
d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu/ck x b x D and Mu/ockbD2
Pu and Mu are the factored axial compressive load and bending moment respectively
Pu/ckxbxd= 1032.24 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.46
Mu/ck X b X D2= 60 x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.10
therefore using chart 45 of design aid to is 456-2000 SP 16 for calculating p/ck
therefore p/ck =0.095
percentage of reinforcement (P) = 0.095 x 20=1.9%
area of reinforcement ASt = P x bD
1.9x250 x 450/100
= 2137.5mm2
Therefore provided 20mm dia @7bars
Lateral Ties:
Parameter of lateral ties shall be not less then
g) 6mm
h) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = 1/4 x 20= 5
m) LeaSt lateral diamension of column 250mm
n) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 20 = 320 mm
o) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm

p) 300mm
Spacing = 300mm
Design of Internal column (c5 c14)
concrete mix = M20
characteriStic Strength of reinforcement = 415N/mm2
axial force on column = 1039.22kN
Factored Axial force on column (Pu) = 1.5*1039.22
Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 79.03
= 1558.83 kN
118.54kN-m
Effective cover (d')= 50mm
Overall depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
calculation of Pu/ck x b x D and Mu/ckbD2
where Pu and Mu are the factored axial compressive load and bending moment respectively
pu/ck x bD= 1558.83 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.69
Mu/ck b * D2 = 118.54 x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.12
.Thereforeore p/ck =0.11
Therefore percentage of reinforcement (p) = 0.11 x 20=2.2%
=2.2 x 250 x450/100 = 2475mm2
Therefore provided 20mm dia @ 8bars
Lateral Ties:

i) 6mm
ii) diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = 1/4 x 20= 5
Therefore , provide 6mm tie
q) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
r) 16x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 20 = 320 mm
s) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
t) 300mm
Spacing = 300mm
Design of Internal column (e8 c11)
Size of column = 250mm x 450mm
Concrete mix =M20
Axial force on column= 1149.00kN
Factored Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*1149 = 1723.5kN
Factored Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 79.03 = 118.54kN-m
Overall depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu/ck x b x D and Mu/ckbD2
Pu and Mu are the factored axial compressive load and bending moment respectively
Pu/ck x bD= 1723.5 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.77
Mu/ck x b x D2= 118.54x 106/20 x 250x 4502= 0.12
Therefore using chart 45 of design aid to is 456-2000 SP 16 for calculating pi/ck

Therefore percentage of reinforcement (P) = 0.14 x 20=2.8%
=2.8x250x450/100
= 3150mm2
Therefore provided 20mm dia@10 bars

Lateral Ties:
k) 6mm
I) diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =114 x 20= 5
u) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
v) 16 x diameter of longitudinal = 16 x 20 = 320 mm
w) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
x) 300mm
Spacing = 300mm
FIRST FLOOR
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Design of External Column (c1 c3 c16 cI8)
Size Of column = 250mrnx450mm
Concrete mix =M20
Factorized Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*251 = 376.5kN
Factorized Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 36.44
= 54.66kN-m
Overall depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu/ck x b x D and Mu/ck x bD2
Pu/ck x b D= 376.5 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.17
Mu/ck x 54.66 x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.05
Therefore p/ ck=0.04
Area in reinforcement required ASt = p x bD
=0.8 x 250 x 450 / 100 = 900mm2
Therefore provided 16 mm @ 5 bars
Lateral Ties:
Diameter of laterial ties shall be not less then

m) 6mm
n) diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = 1 /14 x 16= 4
Therefore provide 6mm tie
y) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
z) 6 x diameter of longitudinal = 16 x 16 = 256 mm .
aa) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
bb) 300 mm
Spacing 250 mm
Design of external Column (c4 c6 cI3 cI5)
Concrete Mix = M20
Axial force on column = 407.00l(N
Movement acting on column= 36.44kN-m
Factored Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*407= 61O.00kN
Factor Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 36.44 = 54.66kN-m
reinforcement is diStributed equal on 4 side
Overall depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu ck x b x D and Mu/ck bD2
Pu/ck x b D= 610x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.27
Mu/ck x b x D2= 54.66x 106/20 x 250 X 4502= 0.05
.Therefore using chart 45 of design aid to is 456-2000 SP 16 for calculating pck
Therefore pck =0.04

Area of reinforcement required ASt = p x bD
=0.8 x 250 x 450/100= 900mm2
Lateral Ties:
o) 6mm
p) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = 1/4 x 16= 4
cc) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
dd) 16 x diameter of longitudinal = 16 x 16 = 256 mm
ee) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
ff) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
Design of External Column (c7 c9 cl0 cI5)
Concrete mix =M20
Factored Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*450.00= 675.00kN
Factor Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 36.44= 54.66kN-m
Qverall Depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu ck X b x D and Mu/ckbD2
Pu/ck x b D=675x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.30
Mu/ck xbxD2= 54.66x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.05
Area of reinforcemant required ASt = p x bD
=0.8 x 250 x 450/1 00= 900mm2
Laterial Ties:
q) 6mm
r) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = 1 /4 x 16= 4
Therefore , provide 6mm tie
gg) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
hh) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 16 =256 mm
ii) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
jj) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
Therefore 6mm bar @25Omm c/c.
Design of External Column (c2 c17)

Concrete mix =M20

Factored Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*431.00 = 646.5kN
Factor Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 36.44 = 54.66kN-m
Overall depth
= d/D =50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu/ck x b x D and Mu/ck bD2
Pu/ck x b D= 646.5x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.29
Mu/ck x b X D2= 54.66x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.05
=0.8 x250 x 450/100 = 900mm2
Lateral Ties :
Diameter of Lateral ties shall be not less then
s) 6mm
t) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =1/4 x 16= 4

kk) LeaSt lateral diamention of column 250mm
ll) 16 x diameter of longitudinal = 16 x 16 = 256 mm
mm) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
nn)300mm
~ Spacing = 250mm
Design Of Internal Column (c5 c14)
Concrete mix =M20
Factored Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*663.84= 995.76kN
Factor Moment acting of column (Mn)~ 1.5 x 72.88 = 109.32kN-m
fumeetfective cover (d')= 50mm
uniaxial moment capacity of the section= effective cover
Overall depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of P/ck x b x D and Mu/ck x bD2
Pu/ck x b D= 995.76x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.44
Mu/ck x b x D2= 109.32x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.11
Therefore using chart 45 of design aid to is 456-2000 SP 16 for calculating pi ck
Area of reinforcemant required ASt = p x bD
=1.6 X 250 x 4501 100= 1800mm2

Lateral Ties:
u) 6rnrn
v) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = 1 14 x 20= 5
Therefore provide 6 mm tie
oo) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
pp)16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 20 =320
qq) 48 x dia. Of ties = 48x6 =288mm
rr)30mm
Spacing = 300mm
Therefore 6mm bar @300m c/c
Design Of Internal Column (e8 c11)
Size of column =250mm x 450mm
Concrete Mix = M20
CharacteeriStic Strength of reinforcement = 415N/mm2
Axial Force on column= 735.485kN
Factored Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*735.485 = 1l03.24kN
Overall Depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of P/ck x b x D and Mu/ck x bD2

Pu/ck x b D= 11 03.24x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.49
Mu/ck x b x D2= 109.32x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.11
Therefore percentage of reinforcement (p)=0.09x20=1.8%
=1..x250x450/1 00
= 2025mm2
Thereforeore provided 20mm dia@7 bars

Laterial Tiles :
w) 6mm
x) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = x 20= 5
ss) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
tt) 16 x diameter of longitudinal = 16 x 20 = 320 mm
uu)48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
vv) 300mm
Spacing = 300mm
SECOND FLOOR
DESIGN OF COLUMN
Design of External Column (cl c3 cl7 c18)
Concrete mix = M20

Moment acting on co1umn= 24.11kN-m
Factor axial force on column (Pu)=1.5 x 96.81 = 145.215 kn
Factor movement acting on column (Mu)=1.5 x 24.11 =36.165kn-m
Overall depth
=d/D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu/ck x b x d and Mu/uckbD2
Wher Pu and Mu are the factored axial compressive load and bending moment respectively
Pu/ck xb x d = 145.21 x 103/20 x 250 x 450='0.06
Mu/ ck x b x D2 = 36.165x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.03
Therefore p/ck = 0.04
=0.8 x 250 x 450/100 = 900mm2
roreprovided l6mm dia@5 bars
Lateral Ties:
y) 6mm
z) diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = 1/4 x 16= 4
ww) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
xx) 16 x diameter of longitudinal = 16 x 16 = 256 mm
yy) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm

zz) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
Design of External Column(c2 c17)
Size ofcolumn = 250mmx450mm
Concrete mix =M20
Moment acting on column= 24.11 kN-m
Factored Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5* 172.125 = 261.222 kN
Factored Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 24.11 = 36.165kN-m
Assume effective cover (d')= 50mm '
Uniaxial moment capacity of the section=effective cover
Overall depth
=d /D=50/450=0.11
Calculation of Pu/ck x b x D and Mu/ck x bD2
Pu/ck xbD= 261.22 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.12
Mu/ckx b x D2= 36.165x 106120 x 250 x 4502= 0.03
Area of rainforcemant required ASt = P x bD
=0.8 x 250 x 450/100= 900mm2
Lateral Ties:
cc) 6 mm
dd) diameter of longitudinal reinforcement = 1/4 x 16 = 4
aaa) LeaSt lateral dimension of column 250mm
bbb) 16 x diameter of longitudinal = 16 x 16 = 256 mm
ccc) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
ddd) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
Design of External Column (c4 c6 c13 c15)
Concrete mix =M20
Axia force on column = 172.125kN
Moment acting on column= 24.11 kN - m
Factor Axial force on column(Pu) = 1.5*172.125= 258.19 kN
.Reinforcement is diStributed equal on 4 side
Overall Depth
=d/D=5O/450=0.11
Calculation of P/ck x b x D and Mu/ckbD2

Pu/ck xbD= 258.19 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.11
Mu/ck xbxD2= 36.165x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.03
=0.8x250 x 450/100 = 900mm2
Therefore provided l6mm dia@5 bars
Lateral Ties:
cc)6mm
dd) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =1/4 x 16= 4
eee) LeaSt lateral diamention of column 250mm
fff) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 16 = 256 mm
ggg) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
hhh) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
Design of External Column (c7 c9 c10 c125)

Concrete mix =M20
Overall Depth
=d/D=5O/450=0.11
Pu/ck xbD= 286.125x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.13
Mu/ck xbxD2= 36.165x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.03
=0.8x250 x 450/100 = 900mm2
Lateral Ties:
ee)6mm
ff) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =1/4 x 16= 4
iii) LeaSt lateral diamention of column 250mm
jjj) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 16 = 256 mm
kkk) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
lll) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
Design of Internal Column (e5 e14)

Concrete mix =M20
Factor Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 48.22= 72.3 kN-m

Overall Depth =d/D=5O/450=0.11
Pu/ck xbD= 432.75 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.20
Mu/ck xbxD2= 72.3x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.07
=0.8x250 x 450/100 = 900mm2
Lateral Ties:
gg)6mm
hh) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =1/4 x 16= 4
mmm) LeaSt lateral diamention of column 250mm
nnm) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 16 = 256 mm
ooo) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
ppp) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
Design of Internal Column (c8 c11 )
Concrete mix =M20
Factor Moment acting of column (Mu)= 1.5 x 24.11= 72.3 kN-m
Overall Depth
=d/D=5O/450=0.11

Pu/ck xbD= 483.105 x 103/20 x 250 x 450= 0.21
Mu/ck xbxD2= 72.3x 106/20 x 250 x 4502= 0.07
=0.8x250 x 450/100 = 900mm2
Lateral Ties:
ii)6mm
jj) x diameter of longitudinal reinforcement =1/4 x 16= 4
qqq) LeaSt lateral diamention of column 250mm
rrr) 16 x diameter of longitudinal =16 x 16 = 256 mm
sss) 48 x diameter of ties = 48 x 6= 288mm
ttt) 300mm
Spacing = 250mm
DESIGN OF BEAM
Design of Roof Beam :
Internal beam for roof beams:
B3, B4,B5,B6,B7,B8,B9,B 10, B 18,B19,B20,B21 ,B22
Tolal moment due to Dead load and Live load
M =108.035KN-m
Bending Moment due to External load = 24.1KN-m
Factored combined load = 1.2(Dead load+Live load+External load)
= 1.2(108.035+24.1 )
Mu = 158.562 KN-m
Beam size (250*450)
D = 450
d = 450 -cover
d = 450 -40=410
b = 250mm
Xmlim = 0.42d =0.42*410
=197mm
Mulim = 0.36 ck bXmlim (d-0.42Xmlim)

= 0.36*20*250* 197(410-0.42* 197)
=116.05KN-m
,Mulim < Mu ( doubly reinforcement)
C =T
0.36 ck bXmlim = 0.87yASt
ASt1 = 982.135mm2
Mu - Mulim = 0.87yASt2 (d-d')
(158.56-116.05)106 =0.87*415*(410-40) ASt2
,ASt.2= 318.21mm2
.: ASt = ASt1 + ASt2 = 982.135 + 318 = 1300.343mm2
Provided 20mm dia bars
No. of bars = 1300.343/314 = 4.l 4
Percentage of Steel Ps=1300.343* 100/250*410= 1.268%
Area in Steel in compression:
Esc = 0.003 [xrnlirn-d' / Xmlim] =0.003[197-40/197]= 0.024 N/mm2
Hence the value of fsc as code IS -456-2000
Fsc = 0.85y = 0.85*415=352.75N/mm2
Fs = 0.58 y * Area required/Area provided
.= 0.58 *415* 1300.343/1256 =249.19
Asc x y = 0.87 y ASt2
Asc x 352.75 =.87*415*318.2 =325.69mm2
Provide 16 mm dia bars
No.of bars =325.69/200 =1.72 2 bars
'% of Steel in compression =325.69*100/250*410 =0.31 %
Check for Deflection:

Fs = 249.J9 N/mm2
F1 =0.95 ,F2=1.l ,F3=1
Deflection provided L/d< required otherwise depth
600 / 410< f1 f2 f3 x 20
14.634 <0.95*1.13*1 *20
14.634 < 21.85
Hence ok (safe)
Check;
Maximum tension Steel ASt =0.04bD
=4500 mm2
External beam for roof:

B3, B4
Let the peripheral wall =20*0.15*1 *6
=18KN
Tolal load of peripheral wall on beam

,w = 18/6 =3KN/m
Mw =wl2/l2 =3*36/12 =9KN-m
Total moment due to wall and dead load and live load
M=108.035+9
= 1 17.035KN-m
,Bending Moment due to External load = 24.lKN-m

Factored combined load = 1.2(Dead load+Live load+Externalload)
= 1.2(117.035+24.1)
Mu= 169.36 KN-m
Beam size (250*400)
D = 400
d = 400 -cover
d=400-40=360
b = 250mm
x mulim =0.42d =0.42*360 =151mm
M mulim = O.360ck bxmlim (d-0.42xmlim)
= 36*20*250* 151 (360-0.42 * 151) =80.58KN-m
Mulim < Mu
(doubly reinforcement)
c=T
0.36 ck bxmlim =0.87y ASt
ASt1 =753.80mm2
Mu - Mulim =0.87yASt2 (d-d')
(169.13-80.58) 106 =0.87*415*(360-40) ASt2
ASt2 = 674.95mm2
ASt1 = AStl + ASt2
=753.80+674.95 =1428.47mm2
Provided 20mm bars
'No. of bars = 1428.47/314 =4.35 bars
% of Steel Ps=1428.47*100/250*360 = 1.58%
Area of Steel in compression:

Calculation for Strain;
Esc =0.003 [xmJim-d'/ Xmlim]
=0.003[151-40/151]
= 0.0022N/mm2
See the value of fsc as code IS -456-2000
Fsc =O.85y
= 0.85*415
=352. 75N/mm2
Fs = 0.58y * Area required/Area provided
= 0.58*415*1428.47/1570
=218.98 N/mm2
Asc *y = 0.87 y ASt2
Asc x 352.75 =.87*415*674.95 =690.67mm2

No.of bars =690.67/200 =3.52 4 bars
'% of Steel in compression =690.67*100/250*360 =0.76%

Fs =218.98N/mm2
F1 = 0.95, F2= 1.22 ,F 3= 1
600 /360 < f1 f2 f3 x 20
16.634 < 0.95* 1.22* 1 *20
16. 634 <23.18
Check;
Maximum tension Steel ASt =0.04bD
=4500 mm2
SECOND FLOOR
Internal beam for second floor beams:
B3,B4,B5 B6,B7,B8, B9, B 10, B18,B 19,B20,B21 ,B22
Net of internal wall =20*5.05*5.75*0.15 = 52.6 KN
Total load of internal wall on beam
w = 52.6/6 =8.77KN/m
Mw = wl2/12 =8.77*36/12 =26.31KN-m
M =108.035+ 26.3 = 134.34KN-m
Factored combined load = 1.2(Dead 10ad+Live 10ad+Externalload)
1.2(134.34+60.55)
'Mu = 233.868 KN-m
Beam size (250*450)
,D= 450
d = 450 -cover
d = 450 -40=410
b = 250 mm
Xmlim = 00.4d = 0.42 * 410 = 197 mm
Mulim = 0.36 ck bxmlim (d-0.42xmim)
= 0.36*20*250*197 (410-0.42*197) = 116.05 KN m
Mulim < Mu (doubly reinforcement)
c=T
0.36ck bx mlim = 0.87yAStl
AStl = 982.135 mm2
Mu Mulim = 0.587 yASt1
(233.868-116.05)106 = 0.87*415*(410-40) ASt2
ASt2 = 881.94 mm2
ASt = ASt1+ASt2
= 982.135+881.94
= 1864.08 mm2
Provided 22mm bars

No. of bars = 1864.08/379.94 = 4.9 5 bars
% of Steel Ps = 1864.08 * 100/250 * 410 = 1.81 %
Area of Steel in compression :Calculation of Strain
Esc = 0.003 (xmlim d / xmlim) = 0.003 [197-40/197]
= 0.0024 N/mm2
See the value of fsc as code IS 456- 2000
Fsc = 0.85y = 0.85 * 415 = 352.75 N/mm2
Fs = 0.58y * Area required / Area provided
= 0.58*415*1864.08/1895 = 236.77 N/mm2

Asc *y = 0.87 y ASt2
Asc * 352.75 = 87 * 415 * 881.94 c = 902.69 mm2
Provide 16 mm bars
No. of bars = 902.69/200 = 4.5 5 bars
% of Steel in compression = 902.69*100/250*410 = 0.88%
Check for Deflection :Fs = 236.77 N/mm2
F1 = 0.89, F2 = 1.23, F3 = 1 (for graph)
Deflection provided L/d < required otherwise depth
600/410 < f1f2f3 * 20
14.634 < 0.89 * 1.23 * 1 * 20
14.634< 21.89 (Hence ok safe)
Check :
Maximum tension Steel ASt = 0.04 b D = 4500 mm2
External beam for second floor beams :B1 , B2, B11, B13, B14, B15, B16, B17, B23, B24, B25, B26, B27
Weight of external all = 20*3.05*x5. 75*0.250 = 87.68 KN
W = 87.68/6 = 14.61 KN/m
Mw = wl2/12 = 14.61*36/12 = 43.84 KN - m
M = 108 .035 +26.3 = 134.34 KN-m = 151.87KN-m
Factored combined load = 1.2(Dead 10ad+Live 10ad+Externalload)
= 1.2(151.87+60.55)
Mu = 254.664 KN-m
Beam wize (250*400)
D = 400
d = 400 -cover
d = 400 -40=360mm
B = 250 mm
Xmlim = 0.4 d = 0.42d=0.42*360 =151mm
Mulim = 0.36ck bx mlim (d-0.42xmlim)
= 0.36*20*250* 151 (360-0.42 * 151) =80.58KN-m
Mulim<Mu
(doubly reinforcement)
C= T
0.36ckbxmlim = 0.87 yASt1
ASt1 = 753.80mm2
Mu -Mulim =0.870yASt2( d-d')
(254.664-80.58) 106 =0.87*415*(360-40) ASt2
ASt2 = 1505.79mm2
ASt = ASt1 + ASt2
= 753.80 + +1505.79 =2259.59mm2
No.of bars= 2259.59/379.79 =5.96 6 bars
% of Steel Ps =2259.59* 1 00/250*360 = 2.51 %
Calculation for Strain:
Esc= 0.003 [xmlim-d' 1 Xmlim] =0.003[151-40/151]
= 0.0022N/mm2
See value of fsc as code IS -456-2000
Fsc=0.85y=0.85*415=352.75N/mm2
Fsc=0.58y * Area required/ Area provided
= 58*415*2259 .59/2279.9
=238.57 N/mm2
Asc * y = 0.87 y ASt2

Asc *352.75 =.87*415*1505.79 =1541.22mm2
No. of bars = 1541.22/379.79 =4.05 4 bars
% of Steel in compression =1541.22*100/250*360 =1.71%
Fs = 238.57N/mm2
F1 = 0.81 f2 =1.36, F3=1
600/360< f1f2f3 *20
16.634<22.304 (ok)
Check :Maximum tension Steel ASt =0.04bD =4500 mm2
FIRST FLOOR
Internal beam for firSt floor beam:
B3,B4,Bs,B6,B7 ,B8,B9,B10,B18,B 19,B20,B21 ,B22
weight of internal wall =20*5.05*5.75*0.15 = 52.6 KN
w=52.6/6 =8. 77KN/m
Mw = WI2/l2 =8.77*36/12 =26.31KN-m
M=108.035+ 26.31
= 134.34KN-m
Bending Moment due to External load = 76KN-m

= 1.2(134.34+76)
Mu= 252.408 KN-m
Beam size (250*450)
D = 450
d = 450 -cover
d = 450 40 = 410 mm
b = 250 mm
Xmlim =0.42d=0.42*41O =197mm
Xmlim= 0.36ck b xmlim (d-0.42xmlim)
= 0.36*20*250* 197(410-0.42* 197) =116.05KN-m
Mulim < Mu
( doubly reinforcement)
c=T
0.36ckbxmlim =0.87yAStl
ASt1 = 982.135mm2
Mu -Mulim =0. 87yASt2( d-d')
(252.408-116.05) 106 =0.87*415*(410-40) ASt2
ASt2 =1020.73mm2
ASt =AStl + ASt2
= 982.135+1020.73
=2002.86mm2

No. of bars = 2002.96/379.94 =5.66 bars
% of Steel Ps =2002.86* 100/250*410
= 1.95%

Esc = 0.003 [Xmlim-d'/Xmlim]
=0.003[197-40/197]
= 0.0024N/mm2
Fsc = 0.85y
=0.85*415
=352. 75N/mm2
Fs = 0.58y * Area required /Area provided
= 0.58*415*2002.86/2299.64 =211.47 N/mm2
Asc * y = 0.87 y ASt2
Asc * 352.75 =.87*415*1020.73 =1044.74mm2

Provided 20 mm dia bars
No. of bars =1044.74/314 =3.324 bars
% of Steel in compression =1044.74*100/250*410 =1.01 %
Fs =211.47 N/mm2
F1 =0.86, F2=1.25, F3=1
600/410 < f1f2f3 *20
14.634 <0.86*1.25*1 *20
14,634<21.5(Hence ok safe)
Check;
Maximum tension Steel ASt =0.04bD =4500 mm2
External beam for first floor beams:

Weight of external wall =20*3.05*5.75*0.250 = 87.68 KN
w = 87.68/6n =14.61KN/m
Mw =wl2/12 =14.61 *36/12 =43.84KN-m
M = 108.035+43.84 = 151.87KN-m
Bending Moment due to External load = 76KN-m
= 1.2(151.87+ 76)
Mu = 273.44 KN-m
Beam size (250*400)
D = 400
d = 400 -cover
d = 400 -40=360mm
b = 250mm
b = O.42d =0.42*360 =151mm

Xmlim = O.36bxmlim (d-0.42xmlim)
= 0.36*20*250* 151 (360-0.42 * 151) =80.58KN-m
Mulim < Mu
( doubly reinforcement)
c=T
0.36ckbxmlm, =0.87 y , ASt1
ASt = 753.80mm2
Mu-Mulim =0.87yASt2 (d-d')
(273.44-80.58) 106 =0.87*415*(360-40) ASt2
ASt2 =1668.34mm2
ASt = AStl + ASt2
= 753.80+ 1668.34
=2422.143mm2

No. of bars= 2422.14/379.79 =6.39 7 bars
% of Steel Ps =2422.14* 1 00/250*360
= 2.69%

Esc = 0.003 [xmlim-d' 1 Xmlim] =0.003[151-40/151]
= 0.0022N/mm2

Fsc =0.85y=0.85*415=352.75N/mm2
Fs =0.58y * Area required/ Area provided
Fs = 0.58*415*2422.14/2570.13 =226.84 N/mm2
Asc * y = 0.87 y ASt2
Asc*352.75 =.87*415*1668.34
Asc=1707.5mm2
No. of bars=1707.5/379.79 =4.51 5 bars
% of Steel in compression =1707.5*100/250*360 =1.89%
Fs = 238.57N/mm2
F1 = 0.81, F2=1.38, F3=1

Deflection provided L/d< required otherwise depth.
600/360< f1f2f3*20
16.634<0.81 *1.38*1 *20
16.63.4<22.35(Hence ok)
Check
Maximum tension Steel ASt =0.04bD =4500 mm2
DESIGN OF FOUNDATION
Assume bearing capacity of soil = 100KN/m2
Assume self weight of footing =10% of load coming through column
For Isolated Footing (F 1) under the column (C1,C3,CI6,C18) Load consideration :Load coming through column (Pa)=459.79 KN
Column size =250*450mm
Self weight of footing (P1)
Total load
=45.979KN
=459.79+45.979
=505.769KN
Hence the area of footing required = 505.769/100 =5.05769 =5.10m2

Provided a rectangular footing
Let x be the projection of footing from the face of column = (0.45+2x)*(0.250+2x)
= area of footing =5.10
4x2 + 0.01125+0.9x+0.5x =5.10
4x2 + 1.4x +0.1125x =5.10
4x2 + 1.4x-4.9875 =0
X=0.955m
Breadth of the footing(l)=0.45+2x
=0.45+2* .955 =2.40m
Width of the footing(b) =0.25+2x
=0.25+ 2 *0.955=2.25m
Hence provided rectangular footing of size =()m

Area of rectangular footing =2.40*2.25=5.4m2
Net upward pressure = Factored Load / Area
= 45915.40
= 85.15 < 100 KN/m2 (safe in bearing capasity)
Muxx = net upward pressure*L *(L-I)2/8
= 85.15*2.4(2.4-0.45)2/8 =97.13KN-m
F. Mux=145.696 KN-m
Muyy = net upward pressure*B *(B-b )2/8
= 85.15 *2.25(2.25-0.25)2/8 =95.79KN-m
F Muyy =143.685KN-m
Maximum Bending Moment =145.696KN-m

M = 0.138ck bd2
106*97.13 =0. 138*20*2400*d2
d =148.31 mm
Overal1 depth (D)= 148.31+50
=171.1mm
Adopt 500mm overall depth and 450mm effective depth of foundation due to shear
consideration.
Depth from consideration of shear:
The value of the depth obtained from the factored B.M. consideration is to be checked for
adequacy from shear consideration.
Let the footing be sloped to an overall depth =230mm at edge
Calculation of Reinforcement:
Reinforcement in longer direction
=0.5ck/y *B*d(1-1-4.6Muyy/ck*B*d2)
= 0.5*20/415*2250*450(1- 1-4.6* 143.685* 1 06/20*2250*4502)
ASt(yy) =118mm
Spacing =113*2250/1118
= 227.41mm
Provided 12 mmdia @225mmc/c
Reinforcement shorter direction :

ASt (xx) =0.5*20/415*2400*450(1-1-4.6* 145.696* 106/20*2400*4502)
=913.213mm2
Provided 12mmdia bars
Spacing =113*2400/913.213
=297mm
Check for One Way Shear:

The critical section for the one way shear is considered as diStance (d) from the face of column
Shear force at a critical section
Vu =net upward pressure *area
= pn*[(B-b/2)-d]*B
= 85.15*[ (2.4-0.45/2)-0.45]*2.4
Vu = 107.285 KN
v = Vu / B*d
= 107.285*103/2400*450
= 0.10 N/mm2
% of reinforcement = ASt /* 100Bd
= 1130*100/2400*450 = 0.10%
Hence shear Strength ( v)= 0.28N/mm2 (as IS -456-2000)
Hence (c > v) safe ok
Check for Two Way Shear:

Critical section for the two way shear is considered as distance (d/2) from the periphery of ,face
of column clear force at a critical section
Vu=net upward pressure
= pn * [B2-b+d2]
= 85.15 *[2.42 -(0.45+0.45)2]
= 422 KN
Perimeter b0 =4(b+d)
= 4(0.45+0.45)
=3.6m
v = Vu/ bo*d
permissible shear Stress
c = Ks+ c
ks = (0.5+c)
c = 1
Ks = (0.5 +1) > 1
Ks = 1
c = c = 25 ck
=0.2520 = 1.11 N/mm2
Vu/b0*d=1.11 ==422* 103/3.6* 103*d
D= 130.11 mm<450mm( ok)
Hence adopt effective depth(d)=450mm
Overall depth(D) = 500mm
For Isolated Footing (F 2) under the column (C4,C6,C13,C15) Load consideration
Load coming through column (Po)=641.265 KN
Column size ==250*450mm
Self weight of footing (P1) =64.1 265KN
Total load ==641.265+64.1265
=705.39KN
Hence the area of footing required = 705.39/1 00 =7.0539 = 7.1m2

Let x be the projection of footing from the face of column = (0.45+ 2x)*(0.250+2x)
4x2+.01125+0.9x+0.5x =7.1
4x2 + l.4x+0.1125x =7.1
4x2 + 1.4x-6.978 =0
X = 1.15 m
Breadth of the footing(b )=0.45+ 2x
= 0.45+2*1.16 = 2.77
b = 2.8 m
Width of the footing(B) =0.25+2x
= 0.25 + 2*1.16=2.16
B = 2.8m
Hence provided rectangular footing of size =(2.6*2.8)m
Net upward pressure = Load/Area
= 641.25/7.28 = 88.10<100 KN/m2 (safe in bearing capacity of soil)
Muxx = 1.5 * net upward pressure*L *(L-l)2/8
=1.5*88.] O*2.8(2.8-0.45)2 /8= 255.41 KN-m

Mayy = 1.5 net upward pressure*B*(B-b)2/8
= 1.5*88.1 0*2.6(2.6-0.25)2 /8
=237. 16KN-m
m=0.l38ckbd2
106*255.41 =0.138*20*2800*d2
d = 182mm
Overall depth (D)= 182+50
=232mm
consideration.

The Value of the depth obtained from the factored B.M. consideration is to be checked for
Reinforcment in longer direction
ASt(y) =O.5ck/y *B*d(1- 1-4.6Muyy/ck*B*d2)
=0.5*20/415*2600*450( 1- 1-4.6*236.16* 106/20*2600*4502)
ASt (yy) =1493.84mm2
Spacing =113*2600/1493.84
=196.67
Provided 12 mmdia @175mm c/c

ASt (xx) =0.5*20/415*2800*450(1- 1-4.6*255.41 * 106/20*2800*4502)
ASt (xx) =1616mm2

Spacing =113*2800/1616 =195.82mm
Vu = net upward pressure *area
= pn * [ (B-b/2)-d]*B
v = Vu /B*d
= 88.10*[(2.8-0.45/2)-0.45]*2.8 =179 KN
= 179 *103/2800*450 = 0.20N/mm2
% of Reinforcement = ASt /* 100Bd

= 1695 * 100/2800*450
=0.13%

Check forTwo Way Shear:
The critical section for the two way shear is considered as di Stance (d/2) from the periphery of
~face of column
Vu =net upward pressure
= pn *[B2-(b+d)2]
= 88.10[2.82 -(0.45+0.45)2] = 620 KN
Perimeter bo =4(b+d)
=4(0.45+0.45) =3.6m
v = Vu / /bo*d
Permissible shear Stress
c = Kc + c
Ks = (0.5+c)
c = 1
Ks = (10.5+1 )>1
Ks = 1
c = c = 0.25ck
=0.2520 =1.11 N/mm2
Vu/b0 *d = 1.11 =620*103/3.6*103*d

D = 155.15mm<450mm (ok)
Hence adopt effective depth( d)=450mm
For Isolated Footing (F3) under the column (C7,C9,C10,C12)
Load consideration:
Self weight of footing (P1) =70.934KN
Total load =709.34+70.934
=780.274KN
Hence the area of footing required = 780.2741100 =7.8m2
Let x be the projection of footing from the face of column = (0.45+2x)*(0.250+2x)
4x2 + 0.1125 + 0.9x +0.5x = 7.8
4x2+1.4x+O.1125x =7.8
4x2+1.4x-7.6875 =0
X = 1.2m
Breadth of the footing(b )=0.45+ 2x
= 0.45+ 2 * 1.2
= 2.85m
B 2.9m
=0.25+2*1.2=2.65
B = 2.7m

Area of rectangular footing =(2.9*2.7) =7.56m2
= 709.34/7.56 =93.828<100KN/m2 (safe in bearing capacity of soil)
Muxx =1.5*net upward pressure*L *(L-1)2/8
=1.5*93.828*2.9(2.9-0.45)2/8 =306.23KN-m
Muyy=1.5*
netupward
pressure*B*(B-b)2/8
=1.5*93.828*2.7*(2.7-0.25)2/8
=285.11 Kn-m
M = 0.138ckbd2
=106*-306.23
=0.138*20*2900*d2
d = 195.6mm
Overall depth (D)= 195.6+50
=245.6mm
consideration.
ASt(y) = O.5ck/y *B*d(1-1-4.6Muyy/ck*B*d2)
=0.5*20/415*2700*500(1-1- 4.6*285.11 * 106/20*2700*5002)

ASt(yy)=1620.5mm2
Spacing =113*2700/1620.5 =188.276
Provided 12 mm dia @175mm c/c
ASt(xx) = 0.5*20/415*2900*500( 1-1-4.6*306.23* 106/20*2900*5002)
ASt (xx) = 1740.53mm2
Spacing = 113*2900/1740.53 =188.27mm
The critical section for the one way shear is considered as distance (d) from the face of
column Shear force at a critical section
Vu = net upward pressure * area
= pn *[(B-b/2)-d]*B
=93.828*[ (2.9-0.45/2 )-0 .45] *2.9
Vu = 195.9 297 KN
v = Vu /B*d
=197*103/2900*500=0.14N/mm2
of reinforcement = ASt /*100Bd %
=1808*100/2900*500
=0.12%

The critical section for the two way shear is considered as distance (d/2) from the
periphery of the face of column
Vu = net upward pressure
= pn * [B2-b+d)2]
=93.828[2.92_(0.45+0.45)2 = 704.40 KN
=4(0.45+0.5) = 3.8m
v=Vu/ bo*d
permissible shear Stress
c =Ks+ c
Ks = (O.5+c)
c = 1
Ks =(0.5+ 1) >1
c =.25...Jack
= 0.2520 = 1.11 N/mm2
Vu/bo*d =1.11
=704.4* 103 /3.6* 103*d
d =167.00mm<500mm
For isolated Footing (F4) under the column (C2,C17') Load consideration :
Self Height of footing (P1) =68.816KN

Total Load =688.16+68.816
= 756.976KN 757 KN
Hence the area of footing required = 757/100 =7.57m2
Let x be projection of footing from the face of column = (0.45+2x)*(0.250+2x)
= area of footing =7.57m2
4x2+.01125+0.9x+0.5x =7.57
4x2+1.4x+0.1125x =7.57
4x2+1.4x-7.4575=0
X = 1.3 m
Breadth of the footing(b)=0.45+2x
=0.45+2*2.6 =3.05m
b 3.1 m
=0.25+2*2.6=2.85m
B 2.9m
Net upward pressure = Load/ Area
=688.16 /8.99 =77 KN/m2
Muxx =1.5*net upward pressure*L *(L-1)2/8
313KN-m= 2/8(3.1-0.45)3.1*77*1.5=
Muyy = 1.5*net upward pressure*B*(B-b)2/8
75KN-m .292=2/6(2.9-0.25 )*2.9 *77 *1.5 =
Maximum Bending Moment =313KN-m
M = 0.138ckbd2
d2*3100*20*0.138=313* 106
d = 191.265mm
Overall depth (D)= 191.265+50 =241.265mm
consideration.
frequacy from shear consideration.
ASt(y) =0.5ck/y *B*d( 1- l-4.6Muyy/ck*B*d2)
(l-4.6*292. 75* 106/20*3100*5002 -1)500*3100*20/415*0.5=

ASt(yy)=1659.329mm2
Spacing =113*3100/1659.329 =211.11mm
ASt (xx) =0.5*20/415*2900*500(1- 1-4.6*313* 106/20*2900*5002)
ASt (xx) =1780.04mm2
Spacing =113*2900/1780.04 =184.1mm

= pn * *[(B-b/2)-d]*B
= 77* [(3.1-0.45/2)-0.45]*3.1 =197 KN

v = Vu/B*d
197*103/3100*500
=0.12N/mm2
% of reinforcement = ASt /*100Bd
= 1808*100/3100*500 =0.12%
Hence shear Strength ( v)= 0.28 N/mm2 (as IS -456-2000)
Hence ( c >v ) safe ok
The critical section for the two way shear is considered as diStance (d/2) from the periphery of
slice of column
= pn * [B2 -b+d)2]
= 77* [3.12-(0.45+0.45)2] = 667.57 KN
=4(0.45+0.5) =3.8m
v =Vu/ bo*d
c =Ks+ c
Ks = (0.5+c)
c = 1
Ks =(0.5+ 1)> 1
Ks = 1
c = 0.25ck
0.2520 = 1.11 N/mm2=
Vu /bo*d =1.11 =676.57*103/3.6*103*d
d= 158mm<500mm
Hence adopt effective depth(d)=500mm

For Isolated Footing (F 6) under the column (C5,C11,) Load consideration :
Total load = 1148.9+ 11.49
= 1160.49 KN
11.61m2=
Hence the area of footing required = 1160.49/100

Let x be the projection of footing from the face of column = (0.45+2x)*(0.250+2x) area of
footing = 11.61 m2 = 11.61 m2
4x2+0.1125+0.9x+0.5x
4x2+.4x+0.1125x = 11.61
4x2+I.4x-l1.4975 =0
X=1.56m
=0.45+2*3.12
=3.57m
b 3.6m
=0.25+2*3.12=3.37
b 3.4m
S7KN/m2.93 = 1149/12.24=
Muxx =1.5net upward pressure*L *(L-1)2/8
2
/8 (3.6-0.45 )3.6 *93.87 *1.5 =
628.73Kn-m=
Muyy= 1.5*net upward pressure*B *(B-b )2/8
593.8KN-m= 2/8(3.4-0.25)*3.4*93.87*1.5
M = 0.138ck*b*d2
106*628.73 =0. I 38*20*3600*d2
d = 251.55mm
Overall depth (D)= 251.55+50 =301.55mm
consideration.
The value of the depth obtained from the factored RM. consideration is to be checked for
ASt(yy) =o.5ck/y *B*d( 1- 1-4.6 Muyy/ck*B*d2)
(5002*3400*106/20 *593.8 *1-4.6 -1 )500*3400*20/415*0.5=

ASt(yy) =3435mm2
Spacing=113*3400/3435 =111.848mm
ASt(xx) =0.5*20/415*3600*500(1- 1-4.6*628.73* 106/20*3600*5002)
ASt(xx) =3637.01mm2
Spacing =113*3600/3637.01 =111.85mm
The critical section for the one way shear is considered as di Stance (d) from the face of column
shear force at a critical section
Vu =net upward pressure *area

= pn *[(B-b/2)-d]*B
= 93.87*[(3.6-0.45/2)-0.45]*3.6 =529 KN
v = Vu/B*d
0.30N/mm2= 500*103/3600 *529 =
% of reinforcement = ASt /* 100Bd
=3729*100/3600*500
=0.20%
Hence shear Strength (v)= 0.32N/mm2 (as IS -456-2000)
Hence
(c > v) safe ok
The critical section for the two way shear is considered as di Stance (d/2) from the periphery of
reface of column
Vu =net upward pressure
pn*[B2 (b+d)2]=
=93.87*[3.42 -(0.45+0.50l
=4(0.45+0.5 ) =3.8m
v =Vu/ bo*d
c =Ks+c
Ks = (0.5+c)
c =l
Ks =(0.5+ I) > I
Ks=l
c '= c =.25 ck
= 1000.45 KN
= 0.2520 == 1.11 N/mm2

Vu/bo*d ==1.11 =1000.45*103/3.8*103*d
d = 237.185mm<500mm
Overrall depth(D) = 550mm
For Isolated Footing (F s) under the column (CS,C14,) Load consideration :
load coming through column (Po)=1039.22 KN
column size =250*450mm
Total load =1039.22+ 10.3922
=1049.61KN
Hence the area of footing required = 1049.61/100 =10.4961m2
let x be the projection of footing from the face of column = (0.45+2x)*(0.250+2x)
= area of footing =1049.61m2
4X2 +.01125+0.9x+0.5x =1049.61
4x2+1.4x+0.1125x =1049.61
4x2+1.4x-10.3836 =0
X ==1.47m
=0.45+ 2*2.94
=3.39 m
b= 3.4 m
Width of the footing(B) =0.25+ 2x
=0.25+2*2.94=3.19
= 3.20m
Net upward pressure = Load Area
=10039.22/10.88
= 95.51 < 1 00 KN/m2 (safe in bearing capacity of soil)
Muxx == 1.5*net upward pressure*L *(L-1)2/8
530KN-m= 2/8 (3.4-0.45 )3.4 * 95.51* 1.5=
Muyy==1.5* net upward pressure*B*(B-b)2/8
498.75KN-m= 2/8 (3.2-0.25 )*3.2 * 95.51*1.5=
Maximum Bending Moment =530KN-m
m=0.13 8ckbd2
d2 * 3100*20*0.138=530*106
d =248.887mm
Overall depth (D)= 248.887+50
=298.887mm
consideration.
ASt(y) = 0.5ck/y *B*d(1- 1-4.6Muyy/ck*B*d2)
=0.5*20/415*3200*500( 1- 1-4.6*530* 106/20*3200*5002)
ASt(yy) = 3058.67 mm2
Spacing =113*3200/3058.67
=118.62mm

ASt(xx) =0.5*20/415*3400*500(1-1-4.6*498.75* 106/20*3400*5002)
ASt(xx) =2864.29mm2
Provided 12mm dia bars @ c/c
Spacing ==113*3400/2864.29 =134.13mmProvided 12 mmdia @125mm c/c
The critical section for the one way shear is considered diStance (d) from the face of column
= pn * [(B-b/2)-d]*B
= 95.576*[ (3.4-0.4512)-0.45]*3.4
Vu = 316.631 KN
Tv = Vu/B*d
=316.63*53*103/3200*500 =0.20N/mm2
% of Reinforcement = ASt /* 100Bd
=3164*100/3400*500 =0.20%
Hence shear Strength (tv) = 0.28N/mm2 (as IS 456-2000)
Hence (Tc > Tv) safe ok
The Critical section for the two way shear is considered as di Stance (d/2) from the periphery of
the face of column
=pn* [B2-b+d)2]
=95.516 [3.42 -(0.45+0.50)2]
= 1018 KN
=4(0.45+0.5) =3.8m
Tv =Vu/ bo*d
Tc = Ks+ 't c
Ks = (O.5+c)
c = 1
Ks =(O.5+ 1)> 1
Ks=l
Tc = tc =.25CK
=0.2520 = 1.11 N/mm2
Vu/bo*d =1.11 l018*103/3.8*103*d
d= 241.34mm<500mm
DESIGN OF STAIR CASE

C/C Dimension of space available = 6.0*4.0 m
Height of each floor =3.6m
Adopt two flight between each floor
From the code minimum live load to be taken on Stair plan area =3000 N/m2
It is assumed that places not liable to over crowding
Height of each flight =3.6/2 = 1.8 m
Assumed 150 mm riser
No. of risers =(1.8* 1000)/150 =12
Hence actual rise of each risers = 1800/12 = 150mm(O.K)
Number of tread in each flight = no. of risers -1
=12-1 =11 treads
Let the tread of the Steps be 300mm
Let the width of Stair = 1800 mm
Assume the thickness of the waiSt slab =200 mm
Dead load of flight:
Step section =1/2*0,30*0.15=0.00225 m2
Inclined slab =0.335*0.20 =0.067 m2
Finishing =(0.30+0.15)*0.030 =0.0135m2
Total area =0.103m2
Density of concrete =25 KN/m .
Dead load of Step, 1 m in width and 300 mm in plan length
=0.103*25 =2.575KN/m2
Dead load per m2 on plan =(2.575* 1 000)/300 =8.58K.N/m2
Live load per m2 on plan =3 KN/m2
Live load =8.53+3
=11.58 KN/m2
Total load =1.5*11.58
=17.375 KN/m2
Taking 1.8m width of the slab, load =1.8*17.375 =31.275 KN/m2
Load on landing A :
Self weight of the slab per m2 =0.2*25 =5.0KN/m2
Finishing =0.03 *25 =0.75 KN/m2
Live load per m2 on =3 KN/m2
Total load =8.75 KN/m2
Factored load =1.5*8.75 =13.125 KN/m2
Taking 1.8m width of the slab, load =13.125*0.90 =11.81 KN/m2
Load on landing B :
In a diStance of 1500mm , the total factored load will be same
Total load per m2=13.125 KN/m2
Per m load =13.125*1.8 =23.625 KN/m2
According to code -in a diStance equal to 150 mm from the wall at a diStance 75mm inside the !
all only dead load will be considered
Total factored dead load per m =1.5*5.75 =8.625 KN/m2
Loading condition:
RA. + RB =11.81 *0.45+31.275*3.3+23.625* 1.50+8.625*0.225
= 145.90KN
MA = 0
RB * 5.475
=11.81*0.45*0.225+31.275*3.3*(0.45+3.3/2)+23.625*
1.50*(3.75+1.5/2)+8.625*0.225*(5.25+0.225/2)
= 70.82KN
RA = 70.82 KN
RB =75.07KN
Assuming point where SF =0 is at a diStance * from A

Max. Bending moment = 75.07-11.81 *0.45-31.275(x-0.45)=0
=110.37 KN-m
Effective depth of slab is given by
BM = 0.138*ck *bd2
110.37*106 =0.138 *20 *1800*d2
D = 149 mm
Hence adopt d = 150mm
D=200mm
Now area of reinforcement is given by
BM=0.87*y* ASt ( d-0.42xm)
110.37*106 =0.87 *415* AST (150 -0.42*150)
ASt = 2552.53 mm2
Provide 12 mm dia bars @10Oc/c spaced in 1.8 m width
Check for shear:
Nominal shear Stress
V= Vu/B*d
= 75.07* 103/1800* 150
=0.28N/mm2
=2599.92* 1 00/1800* 150
=0.96%
Shear Strength of M 20 concrete for 0.96% Steel
C = 0.612 N/mm
K = 1.2 for 200 mm thick slab
Shear Strength of slab C' =k*'C= 1.2 *0.612 =0.734 N/mm2 >0.28 N/mm2 (ok)
Check for Development Length:
Development length for 12mm dia bar
Ld =47dia =47*10 =564mm~600mm
From point C development length of 600 mm should be available in either direction to top as
well as bottom bars
Moment of resiStance of 16-22 mm dia bars

M =110.37 *2599.92/2552.53 KN-m
=112.41 KN-m
V =70.82 KN
Let Lo=0
Ld 1.3 *(112.41*1000)170.82 +0
Ld 2063 or dia<43.90mm
Hence safe on development
Temperature reinforcement
Provide 0.12% Steel
ASt = 0.12 *200* 1 000/1 00 =240mm2/m
Provide 8 mm dia bar
Spacing = (* d2/4) * 1 0001 AST=209mm
Therefore provide 8 mm dia bars @ 200 c/c as temperature reinforcement
Design of landing slab A:
Span =4m
Width =0.90m
factored load per m2 = 13 .125 KN/m2
Total load = 13.125*0.90*4.0 =47.25 KN
Effective span =c/c of wall or (clear span oflanding +eff. Depth of slab)
= 4.8 m or or (4.57 + 0.15) m (whichever is less)
Leff. = 4.80m or 4.72 m
Leff =4.72 m
Maximum bending moment =13.125 *0.90 * 4.722 18 =32.89 KN-m
Now
BM = O.138*ck*bd2
32.89* 106 =0.138 *20 *900*d2
D = 115.06 mm
Hence adopt adopt d = 120 mm
Hence adopt D =170mm
D=170mm
BM =0.87*y* AST( d-0.42xm)
32,89*106 =0.87 *415* AST (120 -0.42*0.48*120)
ASt=950.81 mm2
Provide 12 mm dia bars @110c/c spaced in 0.90 m width
Check for shear:
Maximum shear Stress (factored) =13.125*0.90*4.72/2 =27.87KN
Nominal shear Stress c= Vu/B*d
=27.87* 103/900* 120 =0.25N/mm2
% reinforcement=ASt/*100bd
=1017.36* 100/900*120
= 0.942%
Shear Strength of M20 concrete for 0.96% Steel
c=0.606 N/mm2
=1.25 for 175 mm thick slab
Shear Strength of slab c=k*c =0.606 *1.25 =0.75 N/mm2 >0.24 N/mm2 (ok)
Temperature reinforcement
Provide 0.12% Steel
ASt = 0.12*170*1000/100 =204mm2/m
Spacing= (* d2/4) * 1000/ ASt=246mm
Therefore provide 8 mm dia bars @ 225 c/c as temperature reinforcement
Design of landing slab B:
Span =4m
Width =1.80m
factored load per m2 =13.125 KN/m2
Total load = 13.125*1.80*4.0 =94.50 KN
Effective span =c/c of wall or (clear span oflanding +eff. Depth of slab)
= 4.8 m or (4.57 + 0.15) m
(whichever is less)
Leff =4.80m or 4.72 m

Leff =4.72 m
Maximum bending moment =13.125 *1.80 * 4.722/8 =65.79 KN-m
Now
BM =O.138*CK *bd2
65.79* 106 =0.138 *20 * 1800*d2
d =115.06mm
hence adopt d =120mm
D =170mm
BM =O.87*y* ASt( d-0.42xm)
65.79*106 =0.87 *415* AST (120 -0.42*0.48*120)
ASt=1901.9 mm2
Provide 12 mm dia bars @llOc/c spaced in 1.80 m width
Check for shear:
Maximum shear Stress (factored) =13.125*1.80*4.72/2 =55.75KN
Nominal shear Stress
v = Vu/B*d
=55.75* 103/1800* 120

=0.25N/mm2
=1921.68* 1 00/1800* 120
=0.88%
Shear Strength of M20 concrete for 0.96% Steel
c =0.59 N/mm2
K = 1.25 for 175 mm thick slab

Shear Strength of slab 'c' =k*'c=0.59 *1.25 =0.73 N/mm2>0.24 N/mm2 (ok)
Check for Development Length:
Development length for 12mm dia bar
Ld =47dia =47*10 =564mm~ 600mm
From point C development length of 600 mm should be available in either direction to top as
well as bottom bars
Moment of resiStance of 17-12 mm dia bars
M =65.79*1921.68/1901.9 KN-m
=66.47 KN-m
V=55.75 KN
Let Lo =8*12 =96mm
Ld 1.3 *(66.47*1000)/55.75 96
Ld 1645.97 or dia~35.02mm
Temperature reinforcement:
Provide 0.12% Steel
ASt= 0.12*170*1000/100 =204mm2/m
Spacing = (* d2/4) * 1000/ AST=246mm
Therefore provide 8 mm dia bars @ 225 c/c as temperature reinforcements
REFERENCES
Code of practice for design loads for building and Structure: IS 875-1987 BUREAU OF
INDIAN STANDARD.
Code of practice for plain and reinforced concrete: IS 456-1987, BUREAU OF INDIAN
STANDARD.
Design aids to IS 456-2000, BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARD.
National building code of India 1982, BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARD.
Treasure of R.C.C design: Tushil kumar, Standard Book Hiuse, PoSt box -1074.
Reinforced Concrete Vol. I and" : H J Shah, Charotar Publishing House, Anand,
Design of reinforced concrete design: S.Ramamurtham , Dhanpat Rai & A.K Jain,
Pankaj Agarwal,
Reinforced concrete design: S.N Sinha, Tata Mc Graw Hill Publishing Co. Ltd.
Reinforced concrete: A.K Jain,Nem Chand & Bros, Roorkee.
Reinforced concrete Structure: Syal & Goel ,A.H.Wheele.

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Estimation & Costing of a

Aryavart Institute of Technology & Management

Signature of the candidates.

Earthwork in filling to raise the level of ground:

Filling should be measured in m3.

excluding reinforcement Materials

graded. Such that the void do not exceed 42%.

tensile and compressive Strength and fineness.

Specification and design criterion loads

ANOTHER CLASSIFICATION OF LOAD IN ACCORDANCE TO

CRITICAL LOAD COMBINATION

FOR EARTHQUAKE RESIST RCC DESIGN LOAD COMBINATIONS

LOAD COMBINATION 102

LOAD COMBINATION 103

LOAD COMBINATION 104

LOAD COMBINATION 105

LOAD COMBINATION 106

LOAD COMBINATION 107

LOAD COMBINATION 108

LOAD COMBINATION 109

LOAD COMBINATION 110

LOAD COMBINATION 111

LOAD COMBINATION 112

LOAD COMBINATION 113

FOR FOOT DESIGN LOAD COMBINATIONS

LOAD COMB 201

LOAD COMB 202

LOAD COMB 203

LOAD COMB 204

LOAD COMB 205

LOAD COMB 206

LOAD COMB 207

LOAD COMB 208

LOAD COMB 209

TYPE OF STRUCTURE: MULTYSTOREY RIGID JOINT FRAME

( G+2) HOSPITAL BUILIDING

EARTHQUAKE ZONE : IIIRD

SIZE OF BEAM (EXTERNAL): (250*400) mm

ROOMS: 3.5 KN/M2

SELF WEIGHT OF SLAB .

SELF WEIGHT OF BEAM

TERRACE WATER PROOFING: 1.5 KN/M2 .

FLOOR FINISHING LOAD: 0.5 KN/M2

MATERIAL: M20 AND Fe 415

SEISMIC ANALYSIS BY: EQUIVALENT STATIC METHOD .

MOMENT ANALYSIS BY : SUBSTITUTE FRAME METHOD

LATERAL LOAD ANALYSIS BY: PORTAL METHOD

CONCRETE DESIGN BY: LIMIT STATE DESIGN METHOD

DUCTILITY DESIGN AS PER IS:13920-1993

Assume slab depth= 150mm

Size of slab= 6.0 x 4.0

= effective depth +clear cover

Adopt total depth(D) =130mm

Superimposed load = 3.5 kN/m

For +ve bending moment at mid span

+ ve bending moment at mid span

(2): Area of steel along the shorter span(ASt) in middle strip

along longer span at conI. edge Spacing = (50.2 x 1000)/220 = 228.18 mm

Provide 8mm dia @ 220 c/c

L/d Max == 26 x 1.5 = 39> L/d provided (o.k.)

(as per IS 456- 2000, Table 19)

ASt = 0.5 ck/y{l- (l-4.6 Mu/ck Bd2)}Bd

T=O.09h/(d)= (0.09 105)/(21)