Writing 6C Outline & Introductory Paragraph

The Absence of Freedom between University Students and External Courses

I. Introduction
The fourth planet from The Sun is Mars, as we know as The Red Planet because the
iron oxide on its surface gives it a reddish appearance. Its surface is rocky, with canyons,
volcanoes, dry lake beds and craters all over it. Mars has clouds and wind just like Earth. Not
only that, Mars also has a climate similar to climate on Earth. Some researchers indicate that
one day the Earth will be destroyed. Then to avoid total extinction, scientists try to find out
whether there are other planets habitable by humans. Since Mars has some similarities with
the Earth, scientists are interested to learn more about whether there are possibilities Mars
habitable by humans. Although we all know the environmental conditions on Mars make
humans impossible to live on it.
Thesis statement: The environmental conditions on Mars make humans impossible to live
on it.
.
II. Body
A. Opposing argument 1:
Scientists examined soil samples from Mars which was taken by Viking 1.
The scientists concluded that from a sample of salt contained in the soil
samples was an evidence that in the past there was life on Mars, because
there are some forms of microbes or micro-organisms.

Rebuttal argument 1:
1. Until now, scientists haven't found evidence of the existence of life on Mars. Even
if there are living creatures who inhabit Mars, probably there are only microbes.

2. And humans can't live on Mars because it has high radiation, there are two
contents of harmful radiation on Mars, there are Solar Energetic Particles (SEPS)
and Galactic Cosmic Rays (GCRs). Both can be dangerous to humans if it is not
backed anti-radiation of adequate tools.
B. Opposing argument 2:
Water is an essential element to support a life. A planet that has water on its surface may
be likely to be inhabited. And NASA have discovered the existence of water on the surface
of Mars. It indicates that Mars habitable for humans
Rebuttal argument 2:
1. Its true that Water is so important for life, but not only water. Humans also need other
things for living and have to adapt with the environment.
2. Temperatures on Mars made humans could not to live there, because the average
temperature on Mars is about -63 degrees Celsius, while the average temperature on
Earth is 14 degrees celsius.
C. Opposing argument 3:
NASA has managed to land a robot to examine soil and rocks on Mars. They
finally discovered that the soil of Mars contains a number of chemical
compounds which support life, such as sulfur, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen,
phosphorus, and carbon.

Rebuttal argument 3:
1. Chemical compounds in soil of Mars are supporting life, but Mars contains less oxygen than
earth's. And humans need oxygen for breathing.
2. The atmosphere is also crucial thing to support the existence of life. Layers of the

atmosphere on earth are 100 times more dense than the atmospheric layer of Mars.
Layers of the atmosphere on Mars contains 96 percent of the carbon dioxide which is

highly toxic to humans and the rest is a collection of gases, such as argon, nitrogen , and
other harmful gases.
Personal point of view:

Not only water, atmosphere, temperature, and radiation that matter. Gravity on Earth and

Mars are much different and actually may interfere human activity if it will stay on Mars.
NASA and scientists have found some evidence that showed the possibility of humans to live
on Mars, but it is still not enough to fulfill the standards of human life. Highly sophisticated
technology is needed for colonizing humans to Mars, and to survive there.

III. Conclusion

Summarizing the essay and restating the thesis statement.