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AGA KHAN UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION BOARD

SECONDARY SCHOOL CERTIFICATE

COMPOSITE EXAMINATION 2008

Chemistry Paper II

Time allowed: 2 hours 20 minutes Marks 55

Candidate Name

School

INSTRUCTIONS

Please read the following instructions carefully.

1. Check your name and school information. Sign that it is correct.

I agree that this is my name and school.

Candidate's signature

2. Write the number of the seat in which you are sitting.

3. RUBRIC. There are NINE questions. Answer ALL NINE questions. Questions 7, 8 and 9 offer
choices, answer any one choice from each.

4. When answering the questions:

Read each question carefully.

Use ONLY black ink.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correcting fluid.
DO NOT write outside the answer box.
Complete your answer in the allocated space only.

5. The marks for the questions are shown in brackets ( ).

6. You may use a simple calculator if you wish.

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Q.1. (Total 7 Marks)

a. 2H 2 + O 2 → 2H 2 O

i. What do we call hydrogen and oxygen in the above chemical equation? (1 Mark)

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ii. How many coefficients are there in the above chemical equation? (1 Mark)

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b. Fluorine combines with hydrogen and potassium separately to form two different compounds.

(1) HF (Hydrogen Fluoride)

(2) KF (Potassium Fluoride)

Classify the compounds as either ionic or covalent giving reasons. (2 Marks)

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c. (3 Marks)

100
90
80
Temperature (°C)

70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time (min)

i. What is the melting point of the substance? (1 Mark)

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ii. Explain the change in temperature when the substance is melting? (1 Mark)

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iii. Explain the change in temperature when the substance is completely melted? (1 Mark)

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PLEASE TURN OVER THE PAGE

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Q.2. (Total 4 Marks)

a. Why has the mole fraction no unit? (1 Mark)

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b. Draw the Lewis model of HCl and NH 3 . (2 Marks)

Space for diagram

c.

Ip
2n

What is the mass number? (1 Mark)

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Q.3. (Total 10 Marks)

a. Complete the flow chart (Chemical reaction) for the preparation of sodium silicate. (2 Marks)

SiO 2

+
?

Na2SiO3 + ?

b. A gas jar contains a greenish yellow gas. When a green leaf was brought near the gas jar the leaf
bleached and lost its colour.

i. Identify the gas present in the gas jar. (1 Mark)

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ii. Write down the chemical reaction for the laboratory preparation of this gas. (2 Marks)

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iii. Write any two uses of hydrochloric acid. (2 Marks)

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PLEASE TURN OVER THE PAGE

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c. The diagram below shows a model of a methane molecule.

H H
H

i. Describe a methane molecule. (2 Marks)

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ii. How can you conclude that methane is a fuel? (1 Mark)

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Q.4. (Total 8 Marks)

a. Define international system. Give any one importance of S.I units. (2 Marks)

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b. When a piece of sodium is dropped in water from a storage bottle containing oil it vigorously
reacts producing a gas.

pair of tongs
Sodium

water

i. Why was the sodium kept in oil? (2 Marks)

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ii. What gas was given off during the reaction? (1 Mark)

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PLEASE TURN OVER THE PAGE

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c. One metal can be coated with another by setting up electrodes and electrolytes. The process is
called electroplating.

Beaker
Anode
Cathode

Electrolyte

i. Identify the electrode to be plated (1 Mark)

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ii. What is meant by an electrolyte? (1 Mark)

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iii. Write down the reactions at the cathode for both copper and nickel plating. (1 Mark)

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Q.5. (Total 5 Marks)

a. K 2 CO3 + 2 HCl (dil ) ⎯

⎯→ 2 KCl + CO2 + H 2 O

When potassium carbonate powder is added to dilute HCl acid in a beaker the mixture fizzes up and
feels cold.

i. Is this a physical or chemical change? Is this reaction exothermic or endothermic?

(1 Mark)

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ii. Draw an energy graph for this reaction (1 Mark)

Space for diagram

PLEASE TURN OVER THE PAGE

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b. The diagram below shows the fractional distillation of air. Air is liquefied by compressing
and cooling it, then it is allowed to warm up. Different gases are collected at different
boiling points. (2 Marks)

Argon -186°C -196°C Nitrogen

-183°C Oxygen

Kyrpton -152°C
Pure Xenon
Air

How is air liquefied? (1 Mark)

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c. Complete the balanced equations (2 Marks)

S + 2 Na ⎯
⎯→
S+K⎯
⎯→

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Q.6. (Total 6 Marks)

a. Ions are charged particles formed when an atom loses or gains an electron.

Na e¯
Na+1

Na loses an electron Becomes Na +1 ion.

i. What particular names are given to the positive and negative ions? (1 Mark)

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ii. Why do some atoms have different neutron numbers as compared to their corresponding
protons? (1 Mark)

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PLEASE TURN OVER THE PAGE

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b. The diagram below shows a method for obtaining pure copper from impure copper.

(E)
- +
Impure
copper
Cu SO4

(D)
(A) Anode
Cathode

Copper
sulphate (C)
solution Mud
(B)
Refining of copper

i. Identify the place A, B, C, D or E where (3 Marks)

a. the impure copper is placed at.____________________________________________

b. the solid impurities collect at. ____________________________________________

c. pure copper is formed at. ________________________________________________

One of the reactions which takes place in the process is represented by the equation:

Cu ( s ) = Cu +2 ( aq ) + 2e(at anode)

Why is the reaction described as oxidation? (1 Mark)

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Q.7. (Total 5 Marks)

EITHER

a. Define solubility. Describe the factors that influence the solubility of a substance.

OR

b. What are salts? How many types of salts are there? Describe with the help of examples.

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PLEASE TURN OVER THE PAGE

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Q.8. (Total 5 Marks)

EITHER

a. Write the balanced chemical equation for the laboratory preparation of chlorine gas.

Describe what happens when chlorine reacts with

i. Hydrogen
ii. Sulphur
iii. Sodium
iv. Potassium iodide

Support your answer with balanced equations.

OR

b. Define a homologous series. State any FOUR characteristics of a homologous series.

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Q.9. (Total 5 Marks)

EITHER

a. Write the main points of Dalton’s atomic theory (at least FIVE points).

OR

b. Define soap and explain its FOUR types.

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END OF PAPER
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