Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
10701075
Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture, ISSN 1934-7359, USA
DAVID
PUBLISHING
1. Introduction
The SMS (Seoul Metropolitan Subway) is an
important transportation means as it transports an
average of 7.4 million passengers on 5,697 subway
trains journeying 736.6 km a day as of 2009 [1].
Modern people spend most of their day indoors, and
the air quality of the subway, the key transportation
means, has gained much attention because it is related
to quality of life issues. The indoor air quality of the
subway becomes more important with the installation
of PSDs (platform screen doors). Although the
installation of PSDs has helped to improve the air
quality on the platform and waiting areas [2], the
pollution inside the tunnel is expected to have become
relatively worse. As such, deterioration of the air
quality inside the subway cabins of the urban subway
operating in the tunnel zones has been a major issue.
2. Methods
2.1 Subway Cabin Air Conditioning System
The subway trains operating in the metropolitan
area have two air conditioners on top of the vehicle
roof and uniformly supplies air to the subway cabin
through two rows of air ducts. The circulated air is fed
to the return grill at the center of the subway cabin for
Fig. 1
1071
Air flow pattern in the subway cabin during the air conditioner operation.
1072
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Table 1
Case 1
3,300+960
3,300
960
120 persons
Case 2
3,300+960
3,300+960
120 persons
3. Results
3.1 Thermal Environmental Conditions
Figs. 58 show the results of velocity, temperature,
PMV (predicted mean vote) and PPD (predicted
percentage of dissatisfied) interpretations. Since the
volume of air supplied by the air conditioner is the
same for the Case 1 and Case 2, there was not much
difference in the overall velocity ranges. Although the
streamlines of Fig. 6 also do not show much
difference, the temperature profiles in Fig. 7 shows
Case 2 to be higher. That is because Case 1 has the
exhaust fan in the front and the rear of the return grill
(a) Case 1
Fig. 5
Number of passenger
(b) Case 2
(a) Case 1
Fig. 6
1073
(b) Case 2
1074
(a) Case 1
Fig. 7
(a) Case 1
Fig. 8
(b) Case 2
(a) Case 1
Fig. 9
(b) Case 2
(b) Case 2
1075
1800
1600
1400
CO2 (ppm)
1200
1000
800
600
w/ ventilation
w/o ventilation
400
200
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
200
time (sec)
Fig. 10
4. Conclusions
The urban subway is the key transportation means in
the metropolitan area. Since the installation of PSD,
the air quality inside the subway cabin has gained
attention, and the authorities are investing great efforts
in reducing the polluted air and maintain a
comfortable environment. The numerical simulation
was performed on newly manufactured vehicles of the
currently operating Subway Line No. 2 to observe the
impact of the forced exhaust outlet on the air
ventilation and carbon dioxide concentration in the
subway cabin. At the same time, the change of the
indoor thermal environment was predicted. When the
mechanical ventilation was not operated, indoor CO2
level tends to increase linearly with subway operating
time and indoor thermal condition was warmer and
less comfortable. It is strongly recommended to use a
mechanical exhaust fan for reducing indoor CO2 level
at a certain level and also increasing thermal comfort
of passengers.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by a grant (09 Urban
Railroad A-01) from Urban Railroad Technology
Development Program funded by Ministry of Land,
Transport and Maritime Affairs of Korean
government.
References
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