1

00:00:07,410 --> 00:00:14,940

A notation called Miller Indices is used to
indicate the different planes in a crystal
2
00:00:14,940 --> 00:00:19,840
structures. And these planes have different
arrangements of atoms, different densities
3
00:00:19,840 --> 00:00:25,180
of atoms. And they're very important for X-Ray
diffraction and they're also important when
4
00:00:25,180 --> 00:00:30,890
you look at surfaces for catalytic reactions
and many other applications. And so this video
5
00:00:30,890 --> 00:00:38,400
will describe the notation and we'll use a
cubic unit cell, it's the easiest one to explain
6
00:00:38,400 --> 00:00:45,140
the notation. And what we're looking at in
this first problem is draw the (1 2 4) crystal
7
00:00:45,140 --> 00:00:53,219
plane. So the notation means that for the
x direction this is the inverse of the intercept
8
00:00:53,219 --> 00:01:01,559
of that plane with the x axis. And this is
inverse y axis, inverse z axis. So 1 over
9
00:01:01,559 --> 00:01:11,110
1, 1 over 2 and 1 over 4 correspond to the
intercepts. So for the x direction. X Y and
10
00:01:11,110 --> 00:01:18,099
Z in general the unit cell dimensions a b
and c. So this would be 1a, this would be
11
00:01:18,099 --> 00:01:26,080
one half of b, and this would be one quarter
of c. So if I go back to my diagram, 1a, one
12
00:01:26,080 --> 00:01:34,270
half b and one quarter c for the intercepts,
this is the origin. X Y and Z direction. So

13
00:01:34,270 --> 00:01:41,720
1a would be this point. Y one half of the
dimension in the b direction, so this point.
14
00:01:41,720 --> 00:01:50,429
And then one quarter is about here. So if
I draw this triangle that represents this
15
00:01:50,429 --> 00:01:57,280
plane, this would be the plane in this unit
cell that has the Miller Indices (1 2 4) and
16
00:01:57,280 --> 00:02:02,060
of course there's an infinite number, a very
large number for a crystal structure. They're
17
00:02:02,060 --> 00:02:07,080
all parallel so there would be other ones
in this unit cell and then of course in the
18
00:02:07,080 --> 00:02:13,280
adjoining unit cells. So the question is what's
the spacing between those crystal planes with
19
00:02:13,280 --> 00:02:19,260
these Miller Indices? And this says we're
going to assume for this problem we're going
20
00:02:19,260 --> 00:02:27,910
to use the cubic structure. It gives us, so
this means a = b = c is a half a nm. So the
21
00:02:27,910 --> 00:02:34,420
spacing between the unit cells can be calculated
from this distance in the cubic structure.
22
00:02:34,420 --> 00:02:43,880
And h squared plus k squared plus l squared.
So Miller Indices notation, this is (h k l).
23
00:02:43,880 --> 00:02:50,800
We're looking at the (1 2 4) plane so 0.5
nm divided by the square root of 1 squared
24
00:02:50,800 --> 00:02:58,430
plus 2 squared plus 4 squared, which is 21.
The square root of 21 if we do the calculation

25
00:02:58,430 --> 00:03:05,490
is slightly more than a tenth of a nm. This
is the spacing between the 1 2 4 unit cells.
26
00:03:05,490 --> 00:03:10,730
This, keep in mind, is for a cubic structure
and a cubic structure means dimensions a b
27
00:03:10,730 --> 00:03:15,830
and c are all the same. So we'll look at one
more example. Here we want to calculate the
28
00:03:15,830 --> 00:03:22,600
Miller indices if we're given a plane. So
again if we have a crystal structure x y and
29
00:03:22,600 --> 00:03:31,580
z. And we want the h k and l values, the Miller
Indices notation. And they're in parenthesis.
30
00:03:31,580 --> 00:03:37,790
So what we want to do is look at the intercepts.
So for the X direction, the plane intercepts,
31
00:03:37,790 --> 00:03:44,709
if our origin is here. So the origin is behind
the plane. intercept the x direction, so we're
32
00:03:44,709 --> 00:03:51,170
looking at intercepts, the x direction is
would be 1 times a. The y direction intercept,
33
00:03:51,170 --> 00:03:59,450
well it doesn't intercept the y. So that's
infinity. And the z intercept is halfway up,

34
00:03:59,450 --> 00:04:06,760
so one h