3-D GEOMETRY

LEVEL-1

Distance between two points in space

1.

section formula

If L, M are the feet of the perpendiculars from

(2, 4, 5) to the xy-plane, yz-plane respectively,

4.

then the distance LM is

A = (2, 4, 5) and B = (3, 5, -4) are two points. If the

xy-plane, yz-plane divide AB in the ratios

a

1)

41

2)

20

3)

29

a : b, p : q respectively then b q

4) 3 5

1)
5.

23
12

2)

7
12

3)

7
12

4)

22
15

In the ABC if A = (-2, 3, 4) and mid points of

BC, CA, AB ar e (1, -4, 2), (-5, 2, -3), F
respectively then Fx Fz
1) 1

2.

2) 13

3) 6

4) 7

If A(0, 4, 1), B(a, b, c), C(4, 5, 0), D(2, 6, 2) are

the consecutive vertices of a square then the
distance BD is
1)

34

2) 6

3) 18

4) 3 2

collinear points
6.

If A = (1, 2, 3), B = (2, 10, 1), Q are collinear

points and Q x 1 then Q z
1) -3

3.

If the extremities of a diagonal of a square are

(1, -2, 3) and (2, -3, 5) then the length of its
side is
1)

2)

3)

4)

2) 7

3) -14

4) -7

centroid of triangle
7.

If (1, 1, a) is the centroid of the triangle

formed by the points (1, 2, -3), (b, 0, 1) and (-1,
1, -4) then a - b =
10.
1) -5

2) -7

3) 5

4) 1

The locus of a point which is equidistant from

yz-plane and zx-plane is
1) x + y = 0

2) x 2 y 2 0

3) x 2 y 2 z 2 0

4) x 3 y3 0

centroid of tetrahedron
8.

If (4, 2, p) is the centroid of the tetrahedron

formed by the points (k, 2, -1), (4, 1, 1), (6,2, 5)
11.

The locus of the point

and (3, 3, 3) then k + p =

1)

17
3

2) 1

3)

5
3

( r cos cos , r cos sin , r sin )

4) 5

where , are variables and r is a constant is

1) x y z r

2) x 2 y 2 z 2 r 2

3) x 2 y 2 z 2 r

4) x 2 y 2 z 2 r 2

locus
9.

If the sum of the squares of the perpendicular

plane divides line segment

distances of P from the coordinate axes is 12

then the locus of P is

12.

1) x 2 y 2 z 2 6

2) x y z 6

3) x 2 y 2 z 2 12

4) x y z 12

If the zx-plane divides the line segment joining

(1, -1, 5) and (2, 3, 4) in the ratio p : 1 then
p+1=
1)

1
3

2) 1 : 3

3)

3
4

4)

4
3

KEY
1)3

2)4

3)2

4)3

5)2

7) 1

8)4

9) 1

10) 2 11) 2

6)2
12) 4

section formula

LEVEL-1
distance between two points in space

4.

A = (1, -1, 2) and B = (2, 3, 7) are two points. If

P, Q divide AB in the ratios 2 : 3, -2 : 3

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

respectively then Px Q y
1.

The name of the figure formed by the points

1)

(3, -5, 1), (-1, 0, 8) and (7, -10, -6) is

1) a triangle

38
5

2)

38
5

3)

2
5

4)

47
6

2) a straight line

3) an isosceles triangle 4) an equilateral triangle

5.

If A = (1, 2, 3), B = (2, 3, 4) and C is a point of

trisection of AB such that
1)

2.

The point P is on the y-axis. If P is equidistant

10
3

2)

11
3

Cx Cy

3)

11
2

13
3 then C z

4) 11

from (1,2, 3) and (2,3, 4) then Py

1)

15
2

2) 15

3) 30

4)

3
2

collinear points
6.

If the points (h, 3, -4), (0, -7, 10) and (1, k, 3) are
collinear then h + k =

3.

Two opposite vertices of a square are (2, -3, 4)

1) 4

and (4, 1, -2). The length of the side of the square

2) 0

3) -4

4) 14

is
1)

58

2) 2 7

3) 14

4)

7.

The circum centre of the triangle formed by the

points (2, 5, 1), (1, 4, -3) and (-2, 7, -3) is
1) (6,0,1)

2) (0,6,-1) 3) (-1,6,2) 4) (6,1,-2

plane divides line segment

11.

The ratio in which yz-plane divides the line

segment joining (-3, 4, 2), (2, 1, 3) is
1) -4 : 1

2) 3 : 2

3) -2 : 3

4) 1 : 4

centroid of tetrahedron
8.

A = (1, -2, 3), B = (2, 1, 3), C = (4, 2, 1) and

G = (-1, 3, 5) is the centroid of the tetrahedron
ABCD. If p D y and q D z then 13p 11q
1) 0

2) 1

3) -1

4) 2

KEY

locus
9.

If the locus of a point which is equidistant from

(2, 3, -1) and (-3, 4, -3) is ax + by + cz = d and
a > 0 then a + b + c + d =
1) -4

10.

2) 4

3) 16

4) -2

If the ends of the hypotenuse of a right-angled

triangle are (0, 1, 2), (1, 2, 0) and the locus of
the third vertex of the triangle is
x 2 y 2 z 2 ax by cz d 0 then
a bcd

1) 4

2) -4

3) -8

4) 8
5

12 3

2)1

3)2

4)1

5)2

7) 2

8)1

9) 1

10) 2 11) 3

6)2

12 3

2)1

3)2

4)1

5)2

7) 2

8)1

9) 1

10) 2 11) 3

6)2

2- DIRECTION COSINES AND DIRECTION

RATIOS

then C =

LEVEL - I

1) (1, 2, 6) 2) (2, -1,6) 3) (-1, 2, 6) 4) (2, 6, -1)

direction cosines of a directed line

1. The product of the d.cs of the line which makes
equal angles with ox, oy, oz is
1) 1

2)

1
3 3) 3 3

4)

1
3

5.

,
If a line makes angles 3 4 with the x-axis, y-

axis respectively then the angle made by that line

2.

with the z-axis is

The direction cosines of the line passing through

p 2,3, 1 and the origin are

2
1)

14
2

3)

14

3
14
3
14

1
14

2
2)

14

1
14

1)

14`

2)

3)

4)

5
12

14

2
4)

3
14

14

1
14

6.

ox, oy are positive x-axis, positive y-axis

respectively where O = (0, 0, 0). The d.cs of
the line which bisects xoy are
1) 1, 1, 0

3.

The number of lines which make equal angles

with ox, oy, oz where O = (0, 0, 0) is
1) 8

4.

2) 4

3) 1

4) 2

If A (2, 4, 5), B(-7, -2, 8), C are collinear points

7

2)

1
2

1
2

, 0 3)

1
2

, 0,

1
2

4) 0, 0, 1

direction cosines with direction ratios

7.

If O = (0, 0, 0), OP = 5 and the d.rs of OP are

1, 2, 2 then Px Py Pz
1) 25

2)

25
9

angle between two lines

3)

5 10 10
25
4) , ,
3
3 3 3

10.

If the angle between two lines whose d.rs are

2, 3, -1 and 0, k, -2 is 90o then k =
1)

3
2

2)

2
3

3)

2
3

4)

1
3

8. The coordinates of a point P are(3,12,4) w.r.t

origin O, then the direction cosines of OP are
1) 3,12,4

11.

1 1 1
2) , ,
4 3 2

If is the angle between two lines whose d.rs

1)
3)

3
1
2
,
,
13 13 13

4)

2
1
4)
2 2

are 1, -2, 1 and 4, 3, 2 then sec cos ec =

2)

3) 2 2

3 12 4
, ,
13 13 13

d.rs of normal to the plane

9.

The direction ratios of the diagonal of the cube

12.

If the d.rs of OA and OB are 1, -1, -1 and 2, -1,

joining the origin to the opposite corner are

1 then the d.cs of the line perpendicular to both

(when the 3 concurrent edges of the cube are

OA and OB are

coordinate axes)

1) 0,1, -1

2 2 2
, ,
1)
3 3 3

2) 1,1,1

3) 2,-2,1

3) 1,2,3

3)

2
14

2) -2, -3,1
3
14

1
14

4)

2
41

3
41

1
41

16.
13.

The projections of a line segment on x,y and

z axes are respectively

The co-ordinate of the foot of the perpendicu-

of the line segment is

lar from (1,8,4) to the line joining the points

1) 6

(0,1,3), (2,-3,-1)

5 2 19
,
3 3 3
5 2 19
3) , ,

3 3 3
1) ,

2,3,5 . The length

2) 11

3) 8

4) 5

1 2 19

3 3 3
1 2
4) , ,1
3 3
2) , ,

17.

The name of the figure formed by the points

(-2, 4, 1), (-1, 5, 5), (2, 2, 5) and (1, 1, 1) is a

14.

If P = (3, 4, 5), Q = (4, 6, 3), R = (-1, 2, 4) and

S = (1, 0, 5) are four points then the projection
of RS on PQ is
1)

15.

8
3

2)

4
3

3) 4

4) 0

If the projections of the line segment AB on the

coordinate planes are 2, k, 6 and AB

7
2

then

k2 k 1

1) 7

2) -7

3) 0

4) 1

1) rectangle

2) rhombus

3) square

4) parallelogram

KEY
1)1

2)3

3)2

4)3

5)2

7) 3

8)4

9)2

10) 2 11)3

13)3

14)2

15)4

16)1

6)2
12) 3

17) 3

10

LEVEL - I

4.

d.rs of AB are 2,3,4 then the d.rs of CD are

direction cosines with direction ratios

1.

If the d.rs of a line are

AB and CD are two perpendicular lines. If the

1) -1, 6, -5 2) 1, -6, -5 3) 1, 6, -54) -1, -6, -5

3,1, 2 3 then the sum

of the d.cs of that line is...

1) 2 3 1

2)

3 1
4

3) 2 3 2

4)

3 2
4

5.

T he d.cs of two lines ar e

3 1 3
, ,
and
4 4 2

3 1
, , k . If the angle between the lines is 120o
4 4

then k =
angle between two lines
2.

1) 3

The angle between the lines whose direction

3 1

2)

2
3

3)

1
2 3

4)

3
2

3 1 3

, ,
, ,
and

cosines are
4
4
2
4
4 2 ,

is
1)

2)

3)

4)

PROJECTION of a point ON a line

6.

If the projections of the line segment AB on the

coordinate axes are 12, 3, k and AB = 13 then
k 2 2k 3

1) 0
3.

2) 1

3) 11

4) 27

If A = (1, 2, 3), B = (2, 3, 4), C = (1, -2, 3) and

the lines AB, CD are perpendicular then D =
1) (2, 4, -4) 2) (2, 2, -4) 3) (4, 2, -1) 4) (-4, 2, 1)

7.

If the projections of the line segment AB on the

yz-plane, zx-plane, xy-plane are

160 , 153 , 5

respectively then the projection of AB on the

z-axis is
1) 12
11

2)

13

3) 12

4) 144

8.

If the projections of the line segment AB on the

coordinate axes are 2, 3, 6 then the sum of the
d.cs of the line AB is
1) 11

2) 1

3)

11
49

4)

11
7

MISCELLANEOUS
9.

The name of the figure formed by the points

(-1, -3, 4), (5, -1,1), (7, -4, 7) and (1, -6, 10) is a
1) square

2) rhombus

3) parallelogram

4) rectangle

12

KEY
1) 2

2)3

3)1

7)3

8) 4

9) 2

4)3

5)4

6) 3

13

PLANES

Normal Form of a Plane:

GENERAL EQUATION OF A PLANE:

1.

4.

The product of the d.r's of a line perpendicular

2x - 3y + 6z + 12 = 0 and 2x - 3y + 6z - 2 =0 is

to the plane passing through the points (4,0,0),

1)

(0,2,0) and ( 1,0,1) is

1) 6

2) 2

3) 0

The distance between the planes

10
7

2)

2
7

3) 2

4)

24
7

4) 1

5.

The d.c's of the normal to the plane

2 x y 2 z 5 0 are
1) (3, -2, 6)
2.

3 2 6
,
7 7 7

If the plane 2 x 3 y 5 z 2 0 divides the line

3) ,

segment joining (1, 2, 3) and (2, 1, k) in the ratio

2 3 6

7 7 7
2 1 2
4) , ,
3 3 3
2) , ,

9 : 11 then k =
1) 1

2) -2

3) -10

4)

1
2

Intercept Form of a Plane:

6.

(2, 4, 6) is a point on the plane making equals

intercepts on the co-ordinate axes. The square

3. Equation of the plane through the mid-point of the

of the per pendicular distances from the origin

join of A(4,5,-10) and B(-1,2,1) and perpen-

to that plane is

dicular to AB is
1)
2)
3)
4)

1) 4 3

135
r. 5i 3 j 11k
0
2

135
r. 5i 3 j 11k
2
3
7
9

r. i j k 5i 3 j 11k
2
2
2

185
r. 5i 3 j 11k
0
2

14

2) 4

3) 48 4) 16

7. The equation of a plane which cuts equal

inter-

10.

cepts of unit length on the axes is

1) x y z 0

2) x y z 1

3) x y z 1

4)

Equation of the plane bisecting the acute

angle between the planes

x 2 y 2 x 3 0 , 3x 6 y 2 z 2 0

x y z
1
a a a

is
1) 2 8 x 16 y 4 z 27 0
2) 8 x 16 y 4 z 27 0
3) 16 x 32 y 8 z 27 0
4) 16 x 32 y 8 z 27 0

Angle between Two Planes:

8.

If

the

p lanes

2 x y 3 z 7 0 and

4 x 2 y 5kz 9 0 ar e
5k 2 6
6
5
36
1)
2)
3)
5
6
5

9.

par allel

4)

then

66
5

The acute angle between the plane 5x-4y+7z13=0 and the y-axis is given by

90
1 7
3) sin

90
1

1) sin

90
1 4
4) sin

90
1

2) sin

15

KEY
1) 1

2)2

3)2

4)3

7)2

8) 4

9) 4

10) 1

5) 4

6) 3

16

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
GENERAL EQUATION OF A PLANE:
1.

The ratio of the distances (-1, 1, 3) and (3, 2, 1)

to the plane 2 x 5 y 7 z 9 0 is
1) 2 : 1

2) 1 : 3

3) 1 : 1 4) 1 : 2

4.

Distance between parallel planes

2 x 2 y z 3 0 and 4 x 4 y 2 z 5 0 is
1) 6

2.

2)

1
6

3) 3

4)

1
3

The equation of the parallel plane lying midway

between the parallel planes 2x-3y+6z-7=0 and
2x-3y+6z+7=0.
1) 2x-3y+6z+1=0

2) 2x-3y+6z-1=0
5.

3) 2x-3y+6z=0

The normal form of 2 x 2 y z 5 is

4) 2x-3y+6z = 11
1) 12 x 4 y 3 z 39

6
2
3
x y z 1
7
7
7
12 4
3
x
y z 3
3)
13 13
13
2
2
1
5
4) x y z
3
3
3
3
2)

Equation of a plane through the line of

intersection of planes 2 x 3 y 4 z 1 and

3 x y z 2 0 and parallel to
12 x y 0 is

2 x 3 y 4 z 1 3x y z 2 0

Intercept Form of a Plane:

then is

1
1)
2

2) 29

3) 4

6.

1
4)
2

A plane intersects the co ordinate axes at A, B,

C If 0 = (0, 0, 0) and (1, 1, 1) is the centroid of
the tetrahedron O ABC then the sum of the
reciprocals of the intercepts of the plane
1) 12

17

2)

4
3

3) 1

4)

3
4

7.

The area of the triangle formed by plane

2 x 3 y 6 z 9 0 with y - axis, z- axis is

(in Sq.units)
1) 9

8.

2)

9
2

3)

9
4

4)

9
8

x y z
1 cuts the axes in A, B,
2 3 4
C then the area of the ABC is (squ)
The plane

1)

29

2)

41

3)

61 4) 2 61

KEY

18

1) 4

2)3

7)3

8) 3

3)3

4)2

5) 4

6) 4