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EXPLORATION
Dr.Ir.Sudjati Rachmat,DEA
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20
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Corrected Gravity
(Bouguer Anomaly)
Meter
Salt
2.1 gm/cm3
Clastics
2.4 gm/cm3
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Sedimentary Basin
Basement
Magnetization
Measured
20
5
(from xxx, 19xx)
Seismic Surveys
The seismic tools commonly used in the oil
and gas industry are 2-D and 3-D seismic
data
Seismic data are used to:
Define and map structural folds and faults
Identify stratigraphic variations and map sedimentary
facies
Infer the presence of hydrocarbons
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Receivers
Source
Surface
Weathered layer
Horizontal reference
Basic
Seismic
Principles
Incident
waves
Reflected
waves
Sea bed
Sedimentary Layers
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Geophysical
Well Log
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9
Modified from Weimer and Davis,1996
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10
- 126
00
O
W
-1
22
00
-12
40
-12400
Structural interpretation
based on 3-D seismic
and well log data
-1
28
00
-1
30
00
00
26
-1
-11600
-1
2
4
0
00
26
-1
00
24
-1
1400
-1
> -11,600
- 11600
-12400
-1
26
00
ault
400 F
-12,400
-12,800
VLE
-11,600
-12,000
-11800
Sea-level datum
-12,000
-12,400
0
28
-11600
-1
0
00
-1 2
< -12,400
W
20
-1
26
00
3000 ft
1000 m
-12
40
0
0
40
12
11
Channels
Seismic
Amplitude
Map
of a
Horizon
3-D Seismic data
define reservoirquality,channel-fill
sand deposits
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12
Modified from Brown, 1996
Interpreted
Fault
13
14
20
15
20
16
Primary
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17
20
18
20
19
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