TUGAS BAHASA INGGRIS TEKNIK

Disusun Oleh :

KELAS 3A TRANSPORTASI
RAHMAT YUNA SEPTIAWAN

(312 12 011)

JURUSAN TEKNIK SIPIL

POLITEKNIK NEGERI UJUNG PANDANG
2014

CONCRETE VIBRATOR

A concrete vibrator is a construction tool used on concrete pouring sites. A variety of

manufacturers build these machines and an assortment of attachments designed for multiple
applications. A vibrator is used to ensure that a pour is even and free of air bubbles so that the
concrete will remain strong and have a smooth finish even afterthe formwork is removed. While
not necessary for small jobs, this tool is essential on large load bearing projects.
These machines range in size from small battery-powered wands to much larger plug-in
versions that be used on very deep pours. In all cases, a concrete vibrator that can reach the
bottom of the pouring forms should be used, ensuring even treatment of the entire concrete pour.
Attachments are selected on the basis of the depth of the pour and the type of concrete being
used.
A concrete vibrator uses an off-centered weight, which is spun as much as 10,000 times a
minute, causing large air pockets in the concrete to disperse as the concrete is shaken. Especially
in pours of low slump concrete, which uses minimal water, the use of a vibrator is essential to
ensure that the concrete does not bubble or form holes. In cases where consumers will be looking
at the finished concrete, as is common in some schools of design that employ concrete counters
and floors, this tool will help create an even and attractive surface, rather than one that may be
slightly ragged.

Proper use of a concrete vibrator requires some training. The head should always be slowly
lowered into the pour and pulled out gradually to avoid the formation of an air pocket. The tool
should never be dragged through a pour, because it will leave a groove in the concrete behind it.
The amount of time required varies depending on the mix, but it does not usually take more than
30 seconds to settle the concrete sufficiently and move on to the next section of concrete.

If a concrete vibrator is used incorrectly on a concrete mix with a wide range of material sizes, it
may cause the larger rock pieces to settle to the bottom, making the concrete weaker. In addition,
the tool can push rock and gravel away from the area being shaken, causing weaker concrete
paste to fill the area, which may result in instability. The goal is to build a strong matrix of
material that will withstand years of use. If the vibrator is used correctly, the operator will see
large bubbles floating to the surface of the concrete pour, and a layer of mortar will appear on the
surface to indicate that the concrete is evenly mixed and unlikely to have air pockets.

1. Machine Vibrator
A machine is used for making vibrations. A machine is shaped like a cube.The width of
this machine is () 0.50 x 0.50 meters.

Machine Vibrator

2. Shaft
This shaft has a length of 45 mm x 4 m.

Shaft

3. Head Vibrator
A head vibrator is used for jar. A head vibrator is elliptical in shaped. This head
vibrator has a length 80 cm.

Head Vibrator
Vibration procedures
Before using a vibrator, check for proper operation and VPMs using a simple hand
tachometer (wire-type.)
It is good practice always to have a spare vibrator on the job.
Concrete in walls and columns are placed in lifts of various depths, usually 12" to 24".
Vibrate the first lift with the head all the way to the bottom of the form as the vibration
force extends laterally from the head, not below the tip of the head. The vibrator must
always be used vertically.
Place the vibrator into the highest levels of concrete first, and when a fairly even surface
is obtained, insert it at regular intervals (1 times the radius of influence) for
consolidation.
Observe the vibration action on the surface to calculate the radius, and place accordingly
to create an overlap; it is better to err on the side of more overlap than not enough.
Vibrate with the head totally submerged in the concrete, maintaining consistency of
spacing and vibration time.
Keep the vibrator stationary for 5 to 15 seconds depending on the mix and the force of
the vibrator. Less time will not allow for proper consolidation or entrapped air to escape;
too much can cause segregation, sand streaks and/ or loss of entrained air. The surface
should be covered with a thin sheet of paste (mortar) and air bubbles should no longer
rise to the surface.

 Pull the vibrator slowly out of the mix so concrete can fill in behind the head. When
placing the next lift, insert the vibrator at least 6" into the previous lift to stitch the layers
togetherthis eliminates cold joints.
Never use vibrators to spread concrete and always stay 2" away from form faces and
bottom slabs.