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RJ-45 Connectors
GBIC Port
GBIC Port
The top of the FST-2802 is where most of the test sets connections are located. These include the test ports,
USB/Serial port, and the PCMCIA port. If you have a dual port
FST-2802 you will see an extra 10/100bT port and GBIC test
port.
The GBIC port takes standard full size GBICs. These GBICs
can be purchased from Acterna or through any GBIC provider.
GBICs can be multimode (SX), single mode (LX), long haul
(ZX), or 1000bT (copper). NOTE: The LX and ZX both take single mode fiber the LX is 1310nm and the ZX is 1550nm.
The front panel of the FST-2802 is shown below. The user is
able to set up tests, control printing and file management,
and manage the overall system settings such as remote IP
address, battery management, and other items.
The LEDs located on the far right of the FST-2802 application module offer the user a quick view of the status of the
overall circuit under test. If the FST-2802 is a dual port, the
user will see two identical sets of LEDs, one set for Port 1 and
another for Port 2.
The LEDs are broken up into two sets. The top set is for the
10/100bT interface (native electrical). The bottom set of
LEDs is for the GBIC port. The outside set of the LEDs (left set
for single port units) will be lit if any of the LEDs went into
alarm and will stay lit until the user resets them. The inside
set of LEDs (right set for single port units) are for the current
status and will only be lit while the error or event is currently
on. Generally a green LED is a non-error (event) and a red LED
is an error.
1G Ethernet (option)
This application allows the user to generate 1GIG (1 Gb/s) of
Ethernet traffic using the GBIC port. This option supports SX,
LX, ZX, and copper GBICs over both multimode and single
mode cables. The interface is capable of supporting traffic
rates up to full line rate (1 Gb/s) as well as full auto-negotiation and flow control. Depending on the options purchased
the test set is capable of generating an 8B/10B BER pattern,
layer 2 (MAC addressed) traffic, layer 2 BERT pattern (framed
BERT traffic), layer 2.5 (VLAN tagged traffic), and layer 3 (IP
addressed) traffic.
10/100 Ethernet
Layer 1 BERT
Layer 1 BERT allows the user to place a BER pattern without
any addressing on the network. This type of traffic is used
mostly on WDM based Ethernet or dark fiber based Ethernet.
The elements in a WDM network and the media converters
used to put Ethernet in dark fiber require no addressing or
frame formatting to pass traffic.
Layer 2 Traffic
Layer 2 traffic is used to turn-up those circuits requiring no
addressing, MAC addressing, or VLAN tagging. This type of
test will be used with most WDM Ethernet deployments and
switched Ethernet deployments.
Layer 2 Traffic
Layer 2 traffic is used to turn-up those circuits requiring no
addressing, MAC addressing, or VLAN tagging. This type of
test will be used with most wave division multiplexed (WDM)
Ethernet deployments and switched Ethernet deployments.
Layer 3 PING
Layer 3 PING is most often used when checking connectivity to
the internet or connectivity to existing customer equipment.
PING is an application that allows the test device to generate a
specific type of packet that the far end will recognize and
respond with a similar packet. PINGing is a very good way to
prove that traffic can traverse a network.
Layer 3 IP Traffic
Layer 3 IP Traffic is used when dealing with routed Ethernet
services. Routed Ethernet services have a router in the circuit
path. The generated packets need an IP address to enter and
egress the router. Layer 3 IP Traffic allows the user to enter in
an IP address and generate packets that will pass through a
router.
1G Ethernet
There are five types of traffic available for 1G Ethernet testing
depending on the options purchased for the test set. The
available types of traffic for 1GIG Ethernet are:
Layer 1 BERT
Layer 2 Traffic
Layer 2 Patterns
Layer 3 PING
Layer 3 IP Traffic
Layer 2 Patterns
Layer 2 Patterns are very similar to layer 1 BERT. The main
difference between layer 1 BERT and layer 2 Patterns is that
layer 2 Patterns formats the traffic into a valid Ethernet
frame. The user can not enter any addressing for this type of
traffic test. It is used primarily for testing point-to-point Ethernet services that require proper Ethernet frame formatting
(start of frame identifier and correct FCS at the end of the
frame) but no MAC or VLAN addressing.
Layer 3 PING
Layer 3 PING is most often used when checking connectivity
to the internet or connectivity to existing customer equipment. PING is an application that allows the test device to
generate a specific type of packet that the far end will recognize and respond with a similar packet. PINGing is a very
good way to prove that traffic can traverse a network.
Layer 3 IP Traffic
Layer 3 IP Traffic is used when dealing with routed Ethernet
services. Routed Ethernet services have a router in the circuit path. The generated packets need an IP address to enter
and egress the router. Layer 3 IP Traffic allows the user to
enter in an IP address and generate packets that will pass
through a router.
BERT Testing
Interfaces: 1G Ethernet, 1G Fibre channel, 2G Fibre Channel
Application: Physical layer BER for network or GBIC stress
test
Limitations: Will not work on networks requiring any basic
frame formatting (start of frame or FCS). You need a hard
loop at the far end of the circuit for this test to work.
STEP 1
Place the test set into an interface mode that supports BERT
(see above)
STEP 2
Select the SETUP button on the top right side
of the screen and select the PATTERN button
from that list.
Choose one of the available patterns to test
against and select OK.
NOTE: Check the FST-2802
manual for details on each
individual BER pattern and
its benefits.
STEP 3
Depress the Laser button and the traffic button. The buttons
will be grey when off and yellow when
turned on:
STEP 4
Begin analyzing the results. From the main screen of the test
pad place one of the results windows in SUMMARY and the
other in ERROR (select by pressing down on the areas in the
red boxes below). A green summary screen will indicate that
no errors are present. The error screen will show that all
counts are at zero. NOTE: You must have a hard loop at the far
end of the circuit or a
hard loop on the GBIC to
get any results.
TRAFFIC GENERATION
Fibre Channel Frames
Interfaces: 1G Fibre Channel or 2G Fibre Channel
Application: Traffic generation
emulates customers traffic and
provides proof network can carry customer trafficwithout
error atthe bandwidth purchased bythe customer.
Limitations: Works on all types of networks requiring no
addressing or fibre channel ID (layer 2) addressing.
STEP 1
Place the test set into the Fibre Channel interface mode (1GIG
or 2GIG) you wish to test to (see FST-2802 TERM choices). It is
critical that the line rate of the test set matches the line rate of
the card the test set is connected to.
STEP 2
Select the SETUP button in the top right side
of the screen and select the FLOW CONTROL
button
Some circuits require flow control buffer
credit transfers prior to
the port being
activated. If the circuit
requires buffer credits,
enable the flow control
and set the port type to
IMPLICIT or EXPLICIT.
Check with the element
vendor to see if the
card type or the card
settings require flow control.
STEP 3
Select the SETUP button and select the
TRAFFIC button. This
will allow the user to
choose the type of traffic to generate.
Although there are
three choices, RAMP
and CONST (constant) will be the two most commonly used.
CONST (constant) allows the user to send traffic at a specific rate in either Mb/s or as a percent of the link
maximum bandwidth.
RAMP allows the user to define a traffic profile that will
start at 0% and gradually increase until errors are detected. This is useful in determining the provisioned line rate
of the circuit.
RAMP requires the
setting of the TIME
STEP and the LOAD
STEP. The TIME STEP
is the time the test set
will generate traffic at
a specific bandwidth.
The LOAD STEP is the
amount the test set will increase each of the steps. For example, if the TIME STEP is set to 5 and the LOAD STEP is set to 1,
the test set will generate traffic at 1% and increment it in 5
seconds. If no errors are detected, the test set will then
increase the traffic rate to 2%. This will continue until an
error (defined in the STOP LOAD INCREMENT section of the
screen) is detected.
STEP 4
After setting up the TRAFFIC, go back to the
SETUP button and select the TX PROFILE
button:
The TX PROFILE
screen offers the
user the ability to
set up the type of
frames that will
generated, including the addressing.
NOTE: MAKE SURE
YOU UNDERSTAND
THE ADDRESSING REQUIREMENTS OF THE CIRCUIT PRIOR TO
SETTING UP THIS SCREEN.
STEP 3
Select the SETUP button and select the
TRAFFIC button. This
will allow the user to
choose the type of
traffic to generate.
Although there are
three choices, the RAMP and CONST (constant) will be the
two most commonly used.
CONST (constant) allows the user to send traffic at a
specific rate in either Mb/s or as a percent of the link
maximum bandwidth.
RAMP allows the user to define a traffic profile that will
start at 0% and gradually increase until errors are detected. This is useful in determining the provisioned line rate
of the circuit. For Layer 3 RAMP tests make sure that here
is no other traffic on the link (Spanning Tree, Cisco Discovery Protocol, etc). Other traffic may affect the results
of the RAMP test.
Set the left results column to SUMMARY and the right results
column to L2 LINK STATS (red boxes above).
RAMP requires the setting of the TIME STEP and the LOAD
STEP. The TIME STEP is the time the test set will generate traffic at a specific bandwidth. The LOAD STEP is the amount the
test set will increase each of the steps. For example, if the
TIME STEP is set to 5 and the LOAD STEP is set to 1, the test
set will generate traffic at 1% and
increment it in 5 seconds. If no errors are
detected, the test set
will then increase the
traffic rate to 2%. This
will continue until an
error (defined in the
STOP LOAD INCREMENT section of the screen) is detected.
STEP 4
After setting up the TRAFFIC, go back to the
SETUP button and select the IP CONFIG button:
The IP CONFIG screen offers the user the ability
to set up the IP address of the packets to be
generated.
NOTE: MAKE SURE
YOU UNDERSTAND
THE ADDRESSING
REQUIREMENTS
OF THE CIRCUIT
PRIOR TO SETTING
UP THIS SCREEN.
10
STEP 5
After setting up the IP CONFIG, go back to the
SETUP button and select the TX PROFILE
button:
The TX PROFILE screen offers the user the ability
to set up the type of packets that will generated, including
the addressing. NOTE: MAKE SURE YOU UNDERSTAND THE
ADDRESSING REQUIREMENTS OF THE
CIRCUIT PRIOR TO SETTING UP THIS SCREEN.
The TX PROFILE
section on the
top left of the
screen allows
the user to set
up three different profiles
that the test
set will remember (P1, P2, or P3). The LP profile is used when
performing a loop test. NOTE: If you are running a RAMP
test or plan on looping the far end test set, set up the LP
profile. Head to head tests can use P1, P2, or P3.
The TX PAYLOAD should be set to ACTERNA. This allows
the test set to detect lost frames and determine round
trip delay.
The DEST IP is REQUIRED to generate traffic on a routed IP
network. Set this value to the far end FST-2802 source IP
address (see IP CONFIG in step above).
FRAME is the type of the frame (DIX or 802.3). Either type
of frame will work with most elements, however some
element cards may require either the DIX or the 802.3
frame type. Check with the element vendor to see if this
setting is relevant.
TOS / DSCP are priority values within the IP packet. Type
of service (TOS) and differentiated services code point
(DSCP) will need to be set if those values are provisioned
in the element and card you are testing against.
VLAN TAG is required for those circuits requiring an VLAN
tag. If the circuit requires VLAN tagging, change the
VLAN TAG setting to TAGGED and set up the appropriate
VLAN ID and USER PRIORITY. The USER PRIORITY field
may not be required even though the VLAN ID is required.
Appendix A
RFC2544 Test Settings Point to Point
or Switched Ethernet Circuits
A commonly accepted turn-up test for 10bT, 100bT, and Gigabit Ethernet is the RFC2544 test. The RFC2544 test offers the
benefit of identifying circuit throughput, latency, and frame
loss characteristics of a circuit in an automated test.
NOTE: You MUST have a far end loop for the RFC2544 test to work. We
recommend that another FST-2802 be placed at the far end.
The link will be available for 10/100bT (green LED on right side
of test set) after the link initiation has been properly set. For
GIGE circuits, the user will have to set the link initiation and
enable the LASER to make the link available.
After the link is up, go
back to the SETUP
button and select the
TX PROFILE button.
This will bring up the
screen allowing the
overall traffic setup:
For RFC2544 testing:
TX PROFILE Set this to LP
TX PAYLOAD Set this to ACTERNA
DA TYPE Set this to UNICAST
DA ADDRESS This is grayed out test set will detect it
FRAME Check the element and card to see the frame type
the card will accept. If in doubt try the 802.3 setting first.
VLAN TAG If the circuit requires a VLAN ID, set it here. If
no VLAN ID is required, turn the VLAN TAG setting to NONTAGGED
FRAME LENGTH This setting is not used by RFC2544.
Frame sizes will be set later in this section.
11
12
STEP 14 Results
At the completion of the RFC2544 test the user will be
prompted to save the test results. These results are saved in
the form of a .txt file and can be open using any word processing program.
The files are initially stored on the Z:
drive of the test set
under the FST2802 directory.
The test set will
save the file using
a time / date
stamp as the file
name. We recommend that the user use a more descriptive
naming scheme relevant to the service (e.g. ACME INC
RACK1 PORT13)
13
Appendix B
RFC2544 Tests for Routed
Ethernet Circuits
A commonly accepted turn-up test for 10bT, 100bT, and
Gigabit Ethernet is the RFC2544 test. The RFC2544 test
offers the benefit of identifying circuit throughput, latency,
and frame loss characteristics of a circuit in an automated
test.
NOTE: You MUST have a far end loop for the RFC2544 test to work.
For routed Ethernet circuits, an FST-2802 MUST be the far end loop
device.
14
15
16
STEP 14 Results
At the completion of the RFC2544 test the user will be
prompted to save the test results. These results are saved in
the form of a .txt
file and can be
open using any
word processing
program. The
files are initially
stored on the Z:
drive of the test
set under the FST2802 directory.
The test set will save the file using a time / date stamp as the
file name. We recommend that the user use a more descriptive naming scheme relevant to the service (e.g. ACME INC RACK1 PORT13)
Appendix C
FST-2802 Test Set Troubleshooting
SYNC and LINK ACTIVE LEDs Not Lit
Cabling Error check to make sure you are connected to the correct port
AND you are using the appropriate cable (crossover or straight)
Confirm that SYNC and LINK ACTIVE LEDs are lit. If they are not lighted, test set will
assume no link is present and there is nothing to loop check cabling (see above)
There must be an FST-2802 at far end. If you have a hard loop at the far end,
there is no test set to loop.
You cannot loop a test set that is generating traffic. Make sure BOTH test sets
have their traffic generation button off.
RAMP requires far end loop. Confirm that the far end FST-2802 is looped
at Test Start LLB button should be yellow.
17
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