Skill 1 : Sketch the angle for each of the following angle in separate

cartesian planes
o

b) 1050

g) 430 o

a) 520

f) 135

d)

7
rad
2

h)

e)

10
rad
3

7
i)
2

rad

Skill 2 : Understand and use the six trigonometric functions of any angle
y

r=

x y .
2

y
1
cos ec
sin
r
x
1
cos , sec
r
cos
x
1
cos ec
tan
sin
y

sin

y
x

1
cot
tan

y
y

Skill 3 : Find values of the six trigonometric functions of any angle

2. Given sin

1. Given sin 45o = 0.707 and cos 45o = 0.707

Find the value of

2
2
= 0.866 and cos = 0.5 .
3
3

Find the value of

tan 45o =

tan

2
=
3

cot 45o =

cot

2
=
3

sec 45o =

sec

2
=
3

cosec 45o =

cosec

2
=
3

4. Given sin

3. Given sin 15o = 0.259 and cos15o = 0.966 ,

Find the value of

4
4
= 0.866 and cos = 0.5
3
3

Find the value of

4
=
3
4
sec =
3
4
cot =
3
4
cosec =
3

tan

tan 15o =
cot 15o =
sec 15o =
cosec 15o =

5 : Given that sin =

5
, 0 o 270 o Find the value of each the following trigonometric
13

function without using a calculator

From diagram:
12
sin =
5

5
13

cos =

tan =

13

a) cot =

6. Given that cos =

b) cosec =

c) sec =

12
, 180 o 360 o . Find the value of each the following trigonometric
13

function without using a calculator

From diagram:
cos

a) cot =

b) cosec =

12
13

c) sec =

sin =

tan =

Homework Text
book Page 122
Exercise 5.

Skill 4 : Solving trigonometric equations

.:

FOLLOW THE STEP BELOW;

S1 : From the sign of the trigonometric ratio, determine the quadrants in which angle lie
S2 : Without considering the sign of the trigonometric ratio, find the reference angle
using calculator
S3 : Sketch the reference angle in the quadrants
S4 : Determine all the possible solutions in the given range of the angles

Skill 4.1 : Solve each of the following trigonometric equation for 0 o 360 o
1.
a. cos

= 0.9063

S1: cos has a negative value in the second

and third quadrants.

S3

S2 : the reference angle = 250

250
250

S4: = 180 250 , 180 + 250

0

= 1550 , 2050
2.

Cos = 0.6428

3. tan = 0.5

4.

tan 2 = 1 .732

[26 34', 206 34']

[130 ,230 ]

5. 2tan = 3

[30 ,120 ,210 ,300 ]

[ 56 19', 236 19'

.cos 2 =

1
2

7. tan ( + 60o) = 1

[ 75 , 240 ]

[ 30 ,150 ,210 ,330 ]

1
o
. tan ( 15 ) = 0.8687
2

9. 2 tan3 = 1

[ 1110 58']

[51o7',111o7',171o7',231o9',291o9',513o9']

Homework Text book Page 123 Exercise 5.2 No 14 20 . Further Practice Text Book Page 124 No 21 - 30

Skill 4.2 : Solve each of the following trigonometric equation for 0 o 360 o
1. sin = cos 48o

2. 5 cos sin = cos

[ 222 , 318 ]

3. 2sin = cos

[11 32', 168 ,28',90 ,270 ]

[ 26 34', 206 34']

Skill 4.3 : Solve each of the following trigonometric equation for 0 o 360 o
1. (1 + sin x)(cos 2x ) = 0

3. 2 tan x 1 = cot x

2. 6 sin x + cosec x = 5

[ 270 ,225 ]

[19 28', 160 32' , 30 , 150 ]

[ 153 26', 333 ,26',45 ]

Skill 4.4 : Solve each of the following trigonometric equation for 0 o 360 o
1. 2kos2 x + 5 cos x - 3 = 0

[60 ,300 ]

1. Given sin x = p where x is a acute

3
angle. Express cot x in terms of p

9 p2
p

[ 0 ,70 40',289 20' ]

Homework Text book Page 123 Exercise 5.2 No 14 20

3. 2 tan2 x + tan x 3 = 0

2. 3sin x = tan x

[ 45 ,12' 303

Further Practice Text Book Page 124 No 21 - 30

3. Solve the equation for 0 < < 360o

o

2. Solve the equation 4 tan x = 1

o
o
for 90 < x < 360

6 cos 2 (

) cos(

[26o34,153o26,206o43 , 333o26 ]

)2

[11.8 ,108.2 180 , 300 ]

Skill 5 : Sketch graphs of trigonometric functions:

y = c + a sin bx,
y = c + a cos bx,
y = c + a tan bx,
where a, b and c are constants and b>0.
Skill 5.1 : Sketch graphs of trigonometric functions
y = a sin x

y = a cos x

y = a tan x

y = sin bx

y = cos bx

y = tan bx

y = | sin x |

y = | cos x |

y = sin x

y = cos x

10

y = sin x 1

y = sin x + 1

Skill 5.2 : Determine the number of solutions to a trigonometric equation using sketched graphs.
1. Sketch the graph of y = 3 sin 2x for 0 x 360.
Determine the number of solution to the equation
1
3 sin 2x + x 2 = 0
2

2. Sketch the graph of y = tan x x for 0 x 2 .

Determine the number of solution to the equation
1
tan x = x 3 = 0
3

3. Sketch the graph of y = 3 cos2x for 0 x 360.

Determine the number of solutions to the equation
3 cos2x 2x = 0

4. Sketch the graph of y = 12sin x for 0 x 2 .

Hence , draw a suitable straight line on the same axis
to find the number of solutions to the equation
2 sin x 3 x , for 0 x 2 . State the number of
solutions.

Homework Text book Page 130 Exercise 5.3 N0 1 10

11

Skill 6 : Basic identities.

1. sin2 x + cos2 x = 1

Guide to proving trigonometric identities

2. sec2 x =1 + tan2 x

Basic Identities.

3. cosec2 x = 1 + cot2 x

1. Choose either right or left - hand side

2. Use Basic Identities.or / and Six
Trigonometri Ratio

sin x
cos x
1
5. sec x =
cos x
4. tan x =

Six Trigonometri Ratio

1
6 cosec x =
sin x
7. cot x =

1
cos x

tan x sin x

Skill 6.1 : Prove each of the following trigonometric identities

a) cos2 x sin2 x = 12sin2 x

b) cot x cos x = cosec x sin x

d) tan2 xsin2 x = tan2 x sin2 x

e) tan x + cot x = cosec x sec x

c) sin y + cos2 y cosec y = cosec y

f)

Homework Text book Page 134 Exercise 5.4 No 1 2

12

1
1

2 sec 2 y
1 sin y 1 sin y

Skill 6.2 : Solve trigonometric equations using basic identities.

a) 5 sin2 x 2 = 2 cos x

c) tan2 x +8 = 7 sec x

b) 4 cos x 3 cot x = 0

o,

[53.13 180 , 306.87 ]

o,

[48.59 90 131.41 ,270 ]

Homework Text book Page 134 Exercise 5.4 No 3 7

SPM Questions
b) Solve the equation 2cosec2 x = 7 +

a) Solve the equation 6 cos x = 1 + 2sec x

for 0 x 360 o

[21 48 , 135 ,201 48 ,315 ]

d) Solve the equation 5 tan x cot y= sec y

for 0 y 360 o

c) Solve the equation 4 cos x = 3 cosec x

for 0 x 360 o

3
tan x

for 0 x 360 o

[48 11,120 ,240 , 311 49 ]

[30 ,60 ,210 , 240 ]

13

[ 48 11' , 60 ,300 , 311 49'

[30 ,150 ,240 , 199 28, 340 32 ]

Skill 7 : Addition formulae and double-angle

Addition and double Angle Formulae
Addition Formulae

Double angle Formulae

sin( A B) sin A cos B cos A sin B

cos( A B) cos A cos B sin A sin B
tan A tan B
tan( A B )
1 tan A tan B

Half-angle formulae.

sin 2A = 2sin A cos A

sin A = 2sin
2

cos 2A = cos A - sin A

2
= 1 - 2sin A
2
= 2cos A -1

A
A
kos
2
2

cos A = cos 2

A
A
sin 2
2
2

=
tan 2A =

2 tan A
1 tan 2 A

=
A
2
tan A =
2 A
1 tan
2
2 tan

Skill 7.1 : Find the value of addition and double angle

5
4
, cot B =
where A and
3
12
B are acute angle. Find the value each of
the following without using calculator

3. Given tan A =

a) sin (A B)

b) tan 2B

c) cos (A+B)

d) tan

2. Given sin A =

12
4
, cos B = where A
13
5

and B are obtuse angle .Without using

calculator find the value of
a) cos (A B)

A
2

Sketches

Sketches

14

b) tan (A + B)

Skill 7.2 : Prove trigonometric identities using addition formulae and/or double-angle formulae
b) sin 2x =

a) cot x cosec 2x = cot 2x

1 cos 2 x
tan x

c) 2 cot 2x + tan x = cot x

Homework Text book Page 134 Exercise 5.5 No 8 10

Skill 7.3 : Solve trigonometric equation using addition formulae and/or double-angle formulae
b) 3 cos 2x 7kos x = 5

a) 3 sin 2x = 2sin x

[ 70 32',180 ,289 28' ]

c) tan 2x = 10 tan x

[48 11' , 60 ,300 ,311 49' ]

15

[41o49',138o11',180o,221o49', 318o11' ]

SPM Questions
o
o
1. Given 3 tan 2x = 4 for 90 x 180 .
2
Find the value of sin x

2. Given sin (x y) =

1
3
and cos x sin y =
2
4

Find the value each of the following

i) sin x cos y

ii) sin (x + y)

[ Ans 4/ 5]

3. Prove that 2 cot 2x + tan x = cot x

4. Given tan =

1
without using calculator find the
3

value of
(i)
(ii)

tan 2
tan (135o )

[SPM 93]

3
4

, -2

5. Given is a acute angle and sin = p

6. Solve each of the following for 90o 270o

express each of the following in term of

p
[ SPM 94]

[ SPM 95 ]
2
i) 2 tan 1
ii) 2 3 sin cos 2 0

(i) tan
(ii) cos( )
(iii) cos 2

, 1 P 2 , 1-2p2

P
1 P

(a) 144 44,215 16

16

(b) 90 , 150

7. Given sin = k where is a acute

Angle, find

8. Show

sin 2 sin
tan
1 c os c os 2

[ SPM 97]

i) sin 2 in term of k
ii) the positive value of k if cos 2 = k
[ SPM 98 ]

9. Solve the equation

4sin (x ) cos (x ) = 1 for

[ SPM 97 ]
0 x 2

5
where 90 o y 180 o . Find
12
the value of cos2y
[ SPM 97 ]

10. Given tan 2y =

1
5
,1
12 12

11. Prove that

tan 2x cot2 x = sec2x cosec2x
[ SPM 98 ]

1
26

x , for 0 x 3.
2
Hence , draw a suitable straight line on the same axis
to find the values of x satisfying the equation

12. Draw the graph of y = 2 cos

cos

x + 1 = 0 for 0 x 3.

[ SPM 98 ]

1.15 and 2.85

Homework SPM 2000 - 2009

17