Environment for Modeling Simulation

and Optimization - EMSO

Simone Miyoshi MSc.Chemical Engineer
Eduardo Lemos DSc. Chemical Engineer
LADES COPPE/UFRJ

Rio de Janeiro, Fevereiro de 2012

Compression Cycle in EMSO

Components of the Compression Cycle

Splitter

Material
Stream

Turbine

Compressor

Mixer
Energy Stream

Controller

Anti-Surge
Controller

Valve

Cooler

Flash
3

Model of the Mixer

Mixer:
Global Material Balance

Component Material Balance

Energy Balance

Outlet Pressure

Model of the Splitter

Flow ratio normalization

Splitter:

Outlet Flow
Outlet Compositions

Outlet Pressure
Energy Balance
Outlet Temperatures
Vapour Fractions
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Cooler Model
Cooler:

Material Balance
Component Material Balance
Thermal Duty
Pressure Drop
Pressure Ratio

Turbine Model
Turbine:
First Order Dynamics

Work Calculations

Anti-surge Strategy
The anti-surge control objective is to prevent that the compressor
operates in a flow lower than a certain value. So the gas is recirculated
to increase the gas flow in the compressor.

Controlador
Anti-surge

FT
TI

PI

TI

Vaso de
Suco

TI

PI

PI

TIC

TI

PI

C.W.

LC

Anti-surge Strategy
Surge Curve

SP

PolyHead = 184.23*F_volsurge + 1614.8

Set-Point (kg/h) = *F_volsurge*Folga

PV(kg/h) = Fentrada*MW
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Flash Model
Global Material Balance:

dm
F V L
dt

(1)

Component Material Balance:

d
m xi F zi V yi L xi
dt

(2) i = 1, 2, ..., C

Thermodynamics Equilibrium:

y i K i xi

(3) i = 1, 2, ..., C

Ki = f(T, P, x, y)

(4) i = 1, 2, ..., C

Molar Fractions:
C

x y
i 1

i 1

(5)
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Flash Model
Energy Balance:

d
( m h) F h f q V H L h
dt

(6)

h = f(T, P, x)

(7)

H = f(T, P, y)

(8)

hf = f(Tf, Pf, z)

(9)

Entalphy:

Controllers:
L = f(m)

(10)

V = f(P)

(11)

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Flash Simulation on EMSO

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Flash Simulation on EMSO

Run the FlowSheet on
CursoEMSO\H-Simulacao8

the

folder

1 File sample_flash_steady.mso.
2 File Sample_flash_PID.mso.
Run using the graphic interface the pds of the
folder CursoEMSO\H-Simulacao8
1 File sample_flash_steady.mpfd.
2 File Sample_flash_PID.pfd.

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Compressor Model
Compressor:
F, z, PD, TD
F Flow
Z Composition
PS Suction Pressure
TS Suction Temperature
PD Discharge Pressure
TD Discharge Temperature

F, z, Ps, Ts
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Compressor Model

This model is based on the GPSA, 1979, Engineering Data Book,

Chapter 4, 5-9 - 5-10.

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Compressor Model
Global Material Balance:

Component Material Balance:

Component Material Balance:

Pressure Rates:

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Compressor Model
For Polytropic Process:

Polytropic Head Calculation

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Compressor Model
For Isentropic Process

Isentropic Temperature Calculations

, , = , ,
Energy Balance

Isentropic Efficiency

Isentropic Head

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Compressor Model
Relations between the polytropic and isentropic efficiency

Relations between the polytropic and isentropic coeficient

Power

Mechanic Efficiency

Power Loss
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COMPRESSOR: Simulation on EMSO

Build the Process Flow Diagram (pfd) for the
simulation of the compression model. This
simulation is available on the folder
CursoEMSO\ I-Simulacao9 com arquivo de
nome Compressor.pfd.

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

Source

Centrifugal_Compressor_Rc_1

Sink

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

methane
water

Dynamic False

PR

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

X=[0.9937, 0.0063]
F=1592.08 kmol/h
T=311.75 K
P=911.3 kPa

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

MechanicalEff=0.99
PolyCoeff=1.6 - Guess
IseCoeff=1.3 - Guess

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

T=410 K
P=2814 kPa

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

Rodar a
Simulao

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

Run the pfd on the folder CursoEMSO\ISimulacao9 where the inlet stream has the
composition of a real gas the P35 Platform.
1 Arquivo CompressorPFDP35.pfd.

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

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Compressor: Simulation on EMSO

Run the
Simulation

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Compressor with the Efficiency Curves

Run the pfd on the folder CursoEMSO\JSimulacao10.

1 Arquivo Compressor_eff_Pin.pfd.
2 Arquivo Compressor_eff_Pout.pfd.

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Compressor with the Efficiency Curves

Polytropic Efficiency Curves

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Compressor with the Efficiency Datasheet

Fitness of the Efficiency Datasheet

Fitness of the surface:

PolytropicEff = a+ b* (R_Per)+ c*(Vazao/ R_Per) +
d*(R_Per)*(Vazao/ R_Per ) + e*(Vazao/ R_Per )^2
em que:
a = 1.125
b = -1.733
c = 0.008142
d = 0.01479
e = -9.408e-005
Goodness of fit:
SSE: 0.003577
R-square: 0.982
Adjusted R-square: 0.9816

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Compressor with the Efficiency Curves

Ativating the
efficiency curve

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Compressor with the Efficiency Curves

Set the coeficients

of the efficiency fitting

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Compressor with the Efficiency Curves

MechanicalEff=0.99

R=14931.9 rpm

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Compressor with the Efficiency Curves

Case 1: Calculando a presso de Sada

F=2557.53 Kmol/h
T=311.735 K

Specify the inlet pressure.

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Compression Cycle on EMSO

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Compression Cycle on EMSO

Run the pfd of the compression cycle on the
folder CursoEMSO\K-Simulacao11.
1 File Compression_Cycle.pfd.

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Compression Cycle on EMSO

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Compression Cycle on EMSO

StepTime=5
StartValue=1.2
FinalValue=1

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Compression Cycle on EMSO

Effect of the step perturbation

on the volumetric flow of the
cycle.

Effect
of
the
step
perturbation on the Antisurge Control.

Effect
of
perturbation
control.

the
step
on capacity

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Compression Cycle on EMSO

Run the pfd of the compression cycle on the
folder CursoEMSO\L-Simulacao12.
1 File Compression_Cycle_Step.pfd.

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Ciclo de Compresso Modelo Integrado

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Ciclo de Compresso Integrado:

Simulao no EMSO
Executar o pfd do ciclo de compresso
integrado
presentes
na
pasta
CursoEMSO\M-Simulacao13.
1 Arquivo Integrated_Compression_Cycle.pfd.

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2 Ciclos de Compresso Modelo Integrado

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2 Ciclos de Compresso Integrados:

Simulao no EMSO
Executar o pfd com 2 ciclos de compresso
integrados presentes na pasta CursoEMSO\MSimulacao14.
1 Arquivo Integrated_Compression_2Cycle.pfd.

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3 Ciclos de Compresso Modelo Integrado

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3 Ciclos de Compresso Integrados:

Simulao no EMSO
Executar o pfd com 3 ciclos de compresso
integrados presentes na pasta CursoEMSO\MSimulacao15.
1 Arquivo Integrated_Compression_3Cycle.pfd.

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