GENERATION

OF
COMPUTER

Table of Contents
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INTRODUCTION
The computer is a device that helps us to make things easy. We live
now, in the generation of computer. Nowadays people are advance than
yesterday. Every day we use computers, to pay bills, shop, manage
investments, communicate with others, prepare taxes, play games, research
products, download and listen to the music, make travel arrangements,
check current news and weather, look up phone numbers, view maps of
locations, modify and print digital photos and perform other important daily
task. We live in an age of computers. Businesses, schools, government,
agencies, and other organizations use computers and related technologies to
facilitate day-to-day transactions. It affects the life of the people in making
good decisions. Because they are so embedded in our society today. It is
essential for everyone to know something about computers and what they
can do.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

1. What are the advantages and disadvantages of computer?
2. Compare the uses of computer and its limitations and how its function
broadens through time.
3. How does technology change the way of living people?
4. In this generation how computer made our lives easy and convenient and
how does it change our productivity.
5. Why computers are considered to be necessary in this generation?

IMPORTANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be a significant variant in knowing the advantages and
disadvantages of the computers this study will also be beneficial to the
students and the researchers in the field of computer technology, when they
apply it in their lives. By understanding the needs of the students and
benefits of equality information, these researchers and students are assured
more advantage.
Moreover/ in addition this research will provide recommendations on
how to apply it, in making good decisions using computers.

DISCUSSION
I. The advantage and disadvantage of computers technology in the present
time
Society has reaped many benefits from using computers. A user is
anyone who communicates with a computer or utilizes the information it
generates. Both business on home user can make well-informed decisions
because they have instant access to information from anywhere in the world.
Student is another type of user, have more tools to assist them in the
learning process.
The benefits from using computers are possible because computer
have the desirable quality of speed, reliability, consistency, storage and
communication. Speed is when data, instruction and informations flow along
electronic circuits in a computer, they travel at incredibly fast speeds. Many
computers process billions or trillions of operation in a single record.
Reliability the electronic components in modern computers are dependable
and reliable because they rarely break or fail. Consistency given the same
input and process, a computer will produce the same result consistently.
Computers generate error, free result, provided the input is correct and the
instructions work. Storage, computers store enormous amount of data and
make this data available for processing anything it is needed.
Communication, most computers today can communicate with other
computers, often wirelessly. Computers allow users to communicate with one
another.
(Shally and Vermaut, 2011)
Some disadvantages of Computers relate to the violation of privacy,
privacy, the impact of the labor force, health risk, and the impact on the
environment.
Violation of privacy, in many instances, where personal and
confidential records stored on computer were not protected properly,
individuals have found their privacy violated and identity stolen-public
safety, adults, teens, and children around the world using computers to
share publicity their photos, videos, journals, music, and other personal
information. Some of these unsuspecting, innocent computer users have
fallen victim to crimes committed by dangerous strangers. Impact on labor
force, although computers have improved productivity and created an entire
industry with hundreds of thousands new jobs. The skills of millions of

employees have been replaced by computers. This is crucial that workers

keep their education up-to-date. A separate impact on the labor force is that
some companies are out sourcing jobs to foreign countries instead of keeping
their home land labor forced employed. Health risk prolonged or improper
computer use can lead to health injuries or disorders. Computers users can
protect themselves from health risk through proper workplace design posture
while at the computers, and appropriate spaced work breaks. Two behavioral
health risks are computer addiction and technology overload. Computer
addiction when someone became obsessed uses a computer. Individuals
suffering from technology overload feel distressed when deprived of
computers and mobile devices. Impact on the environment, computer
manufacturing process and computer waste are depleting natural resources
and polluting the environment. Green computing involves reducing the
electricity consumed and environmental waste generated when using a
computer. Strategies that support green computing include recycling,
regulating manufacturing processes, extending the life of computers, and
immediately donating or properly disposing of replaced computer.
(Shally
2011)

and

Vermaut,

II. The uses of computers and its limitation and how their functions.

III. The technology change way of living of people

Pre-computers and Early Computers (before approximately 1945) in the past years up to
nowadays there some serious changes have occurred in the life of man, according to Morley and
Parker, it is split it into six ages generation of the computer why changed the way of living of
people today.
Pre-Computers and Early Computers based on archeological finds, such as notched
bones, knotted twine and hieroglyphics, experts had concluded that ancient civilization had the
desire to count and compute. The abacus is considered by many to be the earliest recorded
calculating device. Believe to have been invented by the Babylonians sometimes between 500
B.C. and 100 B.C. the abacus and the similar types of counting boards were used primary as an
aid for basic calculation.
Other early computing device that invented is the Punch Card Tabulating Machine and
Sorter. Dr. Herman Hollenrith is the one who invented this machine. The function of that is to
read the holes in the punch card to represent data. And it is the first successful information
processing system and they replace paper and pen- based system. This machine helps a lot,
according to Hollenrith they complete the task to and a half year, instead of decade it usually
took to process data by hand. The function of this machine is to count people on each nation.

First Generation Computer approximately (1946-1957) ENIAC and UNIVAC was the
first generation could solve only one problem at a time and it was the worlds first large scale,
general-purposed computer, although it was not completed until 1946. ENIAC was developed
during World War II to compute artillery-firing tables (the settings to be used when firing
different weapons under the various conditions) for the U.S. Army. Instead of the forty hours
required for a person to compute the optimal settings for a single set of conditions and a single
gun using hand calculation, ENIAC could complete the same calculation in less than two
minutes. UNIVAC released in 1951, was initially built for the U.S. census Bureau and was used

to analyze votes and the 1952 U.S. presidential election, interestingly; its correct prediction of
an Eisenhower victory only forty five minutes after the polls closed was not publicly aired
because the result were not trusted, despite this initial miss trust of its capabilities, UNIVAC did
go on to become the first computer to be mass produced for general commercial used.
In this generation you will see the computer (ENIVAC) how it work and easily to do
work, before they cant easily manipulate and to count some things. But when the ENIAC and
UNIVAC develop this things makes easy it takes an hours to done the work.

Second Generation Computers approximately (1958-1963) begin when the transistors is

invented. A small device made of semi-conductor material that acts like a switch to turn on and
off electronic circuits. Started to replace vacuum tube, transistors allowed second-generation
computers to be physically smaller, cheaper, more powerful, more energy, more efficient and
more reliable than first generation computers. Typically, programs and data were input on punch
cards and magnetic tape, output was on punch cards and paper print outs, and disc were used for
storage.
Third Generation Computers approximately (1964-1970) the replacements of the
transistors with Integrated Circuits (IC3) marked the beginning of the third generation of
computer, Integrated Circuits incorporate and electronic circuits on a single tiny silicon chip,
allowing third generation computers to be even smaller and more reliable than computers in the
earlier computer generations. Instead of punch cards and paper print outs, keyboard and monitors
were introduce for input and output; magnetic; disks were typically used for storage, as example
of third generation computer.
Fourth Generation Computer approximately (1971-present) A technological breakthrough
in the early 1970s made it possible to place an increasing number of transistors on an single
chips this led to the invention of microprocessor is 1971, which unshared in the fourth generation
of computers. In essence, a microprocessor contains the core processing capabilities of an entire
computer on one single chip. The original IBM PC and Apple Macintosh, and most of todays
modern computers, fall into this category. Fourth generation computers typically used a keyboard
and mouse for input, a monitor and printer for output, and magnetic disks and optical disks for
storage. This generation also witnessed the development of computer networks, wireless
technologies, and the internet.
Fifth Generation Computers (Now and the future) although same people believe that the
fifth generation of computers has not yet begin most think is in its infancy stage. Fifth generation
computers have no precise classification, since experts tends to disagree about the definition for
this generation of computers. However, one common opinion is that fifth generation computers

will be based on artificial intelligence, allowing them to think, reason and learned. Voice
recognition will like be a primary means of input, and computers may be constructed differently
done they are today, such as in the form of optical computers that process data using light instead
of electrons.

IV. Computer made our lives easy and convenient and changes our productivity
Computers will be faster, smaller, full of rich media application; applications, will used
wireless connections instead of cables, and could be the main information and entertainment
device at home. As cellular phones are evolving from a voice only device to a voice device
combined with a rich software platform. Future evolution of mobile devices will see them
interoperate with other devices at home. Mobile video applications (such as video sharing, video
streaming, video downloads, and video phone calls) have a lot of potential for the future as
mobile devices and the communications infrastructure continue to become increasingly capable
of handling such powerful applications/services.
Computers in general have transformed our society and today we are a digital society.
Compute devices will transform the society further and our life will be increasingly mobile.
People today should embrace mobility and use it for more than voice. They should use mobility
to become a more informed person and to connect with other people and applications.
According to Vipul Mehrota Use technology to become a better informed person and
use the information gained to become a responsible person. Use technology as an enabler to
achieved your goals and improve your life and the lines of others.
Computer today are used in virtually every aspect of most individuals lives- at home, at
school, at work and while on the go. The next paragraph will be discussing some of computerrelated activities many individuals encounter every day.
Home computing has increased dramatically over the last few years as computers and
internet access have become less expensive and an increasing number of computer-related
consumer activities have become available. Use of the internet at home to look up information,
exchanged e-mail (electronic messages), shop, watch TV, and videos, download music and
movies, research product, pay bills, and manage bank accounts, check news and weather, store
and organize digital photos, play games, plan vacations, and so forth is now the norm for many
individuals. As computers, the Internet, television, digital video recorders (DVRs), and gaming

consoles have converge; the computer is becoming a central part of home entertainment. And
ability to now make telephone calls over the internet has resulted is an increasing number of
individuals using a dual-mode mobile phone (a mobile phone that can make phone calls over
both the internet and a cellular network, as their only phone.
Home computing for work purposes is also increasingly rapidly. Checking office e-mail
from home or otherwise working at home in the evening is normal for many jobs. Working
entirely from home, such as telecommunicating for a company or working from home as a selfemployed individual, is becoming more common as a result of fast internet access and the wild
use of e-mail, telephone calls, faxing, and other communications technologies that are regularly
used for business communications. Wireless networking has added to the convenience of home
computing, allowing the use of computers in virtually any location. For instance, e-mail can be
answered from the backyard or living room, recipes can be looked up in the kitchen, and
computer games can be played in the family room. Many individuals today have access to the
internet at home; retrieving information, obtaining news, managing digital photos, and
exchanging e-mail are popular home computer activities. Computers and the internet have made
online shopping and banking the norm for many individuals. Com putters and gaming consoles
are becoming a central hub for entertainment and digital media (photos, music, recorded TV,
etc.) deliver. Smart appliances are regular appliances with some type built-in computer
technology.
Todays youth could definitely be called the computing generation. Baby boomers may
have been introduced to computers at college on the job, and older Americans may never have
used a computer until after retirement, if at all, but many of todays young people have been
brought up with computing technology. From hand held gaming devices to computers at school
and home, most children and teens today have been exposed to computers and related technology
all their lives. Although the amount of computer use varies from school to school, students in
elementary, middle, and high schools typically have access to computers either in the classroom
or in a computer lab, and virtually all colleges have been some sort of computing facility
available for student use.
With the increased availability of computers and internet access, the emphasis on
computer use in K-12 schools has evolved from straight drill-and-practice programs to using the
computer as an overall student-based learning tool. Today, students use multimedia program to
enhance learning; productivity software-such as word processor and presentation software-for
creating papers and electronic presentations; and the internet for research. Some middle and high
school even have laptop programs where students do their school works both in and out on their
class on their own personal laptops ones that the school provides. K-12 teachers also typically
use computers for a variety of tasks, such as creating lesson plans, researching topics, delivering
classroom presentations, and submitting daily attendance information and other required schoolrelated online tasks.

At colleges and Universities, computer use in typically much more integrated into daily
classroom life than K-12 schools. Computers are commonly found in classroom computer labs,
dorms, and libraries. And many college campuses today have wireless hotspots that allow
students to use their PCs to connect wirelessly to the college network and the internet from
everywhere on campus. Colleges students today are typically expected to use the internet for
research, as well as to prepare papers and classrooms presentation and to access online course
materials. In fact, some colleges require a computer for enrollment.
Most college instructors use computer to prepare handouts and exams, to prepare and
deliver classrooms presentations and lectures offer distance learning, and to create and maintain
course Web pages. Many colleges also offer distance learning-an alternative to traditional
classrooms learning-in which students participate from their current location instead of
physically going to class. With distance learning, students can do course work and participate in
class discussions from home, work, or wherever they happen to be at moment. Consequently,
distance learning gives student greater flexibility to schedule class time around their personal,
family, and work commitments, distance learning is also allows students, such as individuals
located in very rural areas or stationed at military posts overseas, to take courses when they are
not able to physically attend classes.
Although computers have been used in the workplace for years, their role is continually
evolving. Originally used as a research tool for computer experts and scientists, and then the
productivity tool for office workers, the computer is use today by all types of employees in all
types of businesses-including CEOs, retail store clerks, travelling sales professionals, artist and
musicians, police officers, insurance adjuster, doctors and nurses, auto mechanics and repair
personnel, and so forth. In essence the computer has become universal tool for on the jobon-thejob decision making, productivity, and communications. It is also used extensively for access
control at many organizations, such as authentication system that allows individuals to enter the
office building, punch in or out of work, or access the company network by providing the proper
credentials or being authenticated via a fingerprint or hand scan.
One of the fastest growing uses for workplace computing is in the service industry, in
which service professionals-such as food servers, repair technicians, and delivery people-use
portable computers to purchases, deliveries, and other provided services. Computers are also
used extensively by military personnel for communications and navigational purposes, as well as
to control missiles and other weapons, identity terrorist and other potential enemies, and perform
other necessary tasks. To update their computer skills, when needed, employees in all lines of
work today may take computer training classes to enroll in computer certification program.

V. Computers are considered to be necessary in this generation

The Computer has changed society today as much as the industrial evolution changed
society in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
People interact directly with computers in fields such as education, finance, government,
heath care, and publishing. In addition, they can reap the benefits from breakthroughs and
advances in the fields. A look at how embedded computers may improve the quality of life.
EDUCATION
Education is the process of acquiring knowledge. In the traditional model, people lean
from other people such as parents, teachers, and employers. Many forms of printed materials
such as books and manuals are use as learning tools. Today, educators also turning to computers
assist with education
Many schools and companies equip labs and classrooms with computers. Some schools
require students to have a mobile computer or mobile devices to access the Scholls network or
internet wirelessly.
Students are software to assist with learning or to complete assignments. To promote
education by computer, many vendors offer substantial student to discounts on software.
Sometimes the delivery of education occurs at one place the learning occurs at other
locations. For example, students can take a class on the Web. More than 70 percent of college
offer distance learning classes. A few even offer entire degrees online.
FINANCE
Many people and companies use computers to help manage their finance. Some use
finance software to balance checkbooks, pay bills, track personal income and expenses, manage
investments, and evaluate financial plans, this software usually a variety of online services. For

example, computer users can tract investments and do online banking. With online banking,
users access account balance, pay bills and copy monthly transactions from the banks computer
right into their computers.
Investors often use online investing to buy and sell stocks and bonds-without using a
broker. With online investing, the transaction fee for each trade usually is much less than when
trading through a broker.

GOVERNMENT
A government provides society with direction by making and administering policies. To
provide citizens with up-to-date information, most government offices have Wed sites. People
access government Web sites to file taxes, apply for permits and licenses, pay parking tickets, by
stamps, report crime, apply for financial aid, and renew vehicle, registrations and drivers
licenses.
Health Care
Nearly every area of health care uses computers. Whether you are a visiting a family a
doctor for a regular checkup, having lab work or an outpatient test, or being rushed in for
emergency surgery, the medical staff around you will be using computers for various purposes.
Doctors use the Web and medical software to assist with researching and diagnosing
health conditions. Doctors use e-mail to correspond with patients. Pharmacist use computers to
life insurance claims. Robots deliver medication to nurse stations in hospitals. Hospitals and
doctors use computers and mobile devices to maintain and access patient records. Surgeons
implant computerized devices, such as pacemakers, that allow patients to live longer.
Two forms of long-distance health care are telemedicine and telesurgery. Through
telemedicine, health-care professionals in separate locations conduct live conference on the
computer. With telesurgery, a surgeon performs an operation on a patient who is not located in
the same physical room as the surgeon. Telesurgery enables surgeon to direct robots to perform
an operation via computers connected to a high speed network.
Publishing
Publishing is the process of making works available to the public. These works include
books, magazines, newspapers, music, film, and video. Special software assist graphic designer
in developing pages that include text, graphics, and photos; artists in composing and enhancing

sounds; film makers and creating and editing film; and journalist and mobile users in capturing
and modifying video clips.

INSIGHT
In my own perspective, computer has a big role in our daily lives. Computer is a part of our daily
life, we use this in education to make things easy, like learning in distance even your physical
body not around in the school you can learn more and even the research you dont need to go to
any library to get information, just one click away to get the information through websites.
Communication is the one that computers provide even you and your love ones are far away tom
each other you can still talk, through an application that provide communication, you can share,
you can talk, and you can search these are the few things that computer can provide to all people.
Government they use computer to do all things, for example of that when we have elections they
use Pcos machines to count votes of all people, and another one is the calamity they measure all
damage that done with the specific typhoon or disaster.
Computer is very essential in nowadays imagine the life of most of us without computer; we are
like an old civilization like what the research said. Computer has a big influence to all people
because it change the way of life from the past up to right now.
Use computer to become a better inform person, use it to achieve your goals and improved your
life and the life of others.
A computer is almost human except that it does not blame its mistakes to another computer.

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Nortons, Peter. Introduction to Computer.2006, C and E, Publishing.Inc.,
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