COLUMN BASE PLATE DESIGN (BS5950-1:2000)

Base plate reference;

Compression + moment : Bolts in tension;

Design forces and moments

Axial force;

Fc = ;68.5; kN (Compression)

Bending moment;

M = 87.2 kNm;

Shear force;

Fv = 51.3 kN

Column details
Column section;

UC 305x305x97 (Grade S275)

Depth;

D = 307.9 mm

Breadth;

B = 305.3 mm

Flange thickness;

T = 15.4 mm

Web thickness;

t = 9.9 mm

Design strength;

pyc = 275 N/mm2

Column flange to base plate weld;

8 mm FW;

Column web to base plate weld;

8 mm FW;

Baseplate details
Steel grade;

S275

Depth;

Dp = 550 mm

Breadth;

Bp = 550 mm

Thickness;

tp = 35 mm

Design strength;

pyp = 265 N/mm2

Stiffener details
Steel grade;

S275

Thickness;

ts = 22 mm

Design strength;

pys = 265 N/mm2

Depth at edge of baseplate;

ds1 = 75 mm

Depth at column flange;

ds2 = 150 mm

Stiffener to base plate weld;

8 mm FW

Stiffener to column flange weld;

8 mm FW (4 no. vertical welds per stiffener)

Holding down bolt and anchor plate details

Total number of bolts;

8 No. M24 Grade 8.8

Inner bolt spacing;

sbolt1 = 150 mm

Spacing between inner and outer bolt;

sbolt2 = 150 mm

Edge distance;

e1 = 50 mm

Anchor plate steel grade;

S275

Anchor plate dimension (square);

bap = 150 mm

Anchor plate thickness;

tap = 20 mm

Design strength;

pyap = 265 N/mm2

Embeddment to top of anchor plate;

E = 550 mm

Characteristic strength of concrete;

fcu = 50 N/mm2

Concrete compression force and bolt tension force

To determine approximate effective width of baseplate, assume base plate between stiffeners acts as a fixed
ended beam:Moment at stiffener;

Ms = wls2/12
2
c

where ls is span between stiffeners

Moment due to cantilever outside stiffeners;

Mc = wl /2

Equating the two moments;

lc = ls/6

where lc is cantilever span beyond stiffeners

Distance between stiffener centrelines;

ls = B + ts = ;327.3; mm

Cantilever span;

lc = ls/(6) = 133.6 mm

Effective width of plate;

Bpc = min(Bp, ls + 2lc) = 550.0 mm

Distance from bolts to compression edge;

h = Dp - e1 = 500 mm

Assuming a rectangular compression block of width bpc, length x and intensity 0.6fcu then:From static equilibrium;

M = 0.6fcuBpcx(h-x/2) - Fc(h-Dp/2)

Rearranging the quadratic equation;

0.3fcuBpcx2 - 0.6fcuBpchx + Fc(h-Dp/2) + M = 0

Factor a;

a = 0.3 fcu Bpc = 8250.0 N/mm

Factor b;

b = -0.6 fcu Bpc h = -8250000.0 N

Constant c;

c = Fc (h-Dp/2) + M = 102612500.0 Nmm

Depth of compression block;

x = [-1.0b - (b2 - 4ac)]/(2a) = 12.6 mm

Compression force in concrete;

Cf = 0.6 fcu Bpc x = 207.8 kN

Tension force in bolts;

Tf = Cf - Fc = 139.3 kN
Therefore the bolts are in tension

Compression side bending with stiffener

Center of force for triangular plate = 0.3 x L = 30mm

125m

L
125m

Cantilever moment in plate along diagonal plane

mcc = 0.6 fcu (125)2/2 30 = 7031250 Nmm/mm

Design moment;

mc = 7031250 Nmm/mm

Plate thickness required;

tpc = (6 mc/pypbp) = 32.6 mm

Tension side bending with stiffener

Distance from inner bolt to face of stiffener;

lb1 = B/2 - sbolt1/2 = ;77.7; mm

Distance from outer bolt to face of stiffener;

lb2 = sbolt1/2 + sbolt2 - (B/2 + ts) = ;50.3; mm

Inner bolt lever arm;

m1 = lb1 - 0.8swsp = 71.3 mm

Outer bolt lever arm;

m2 = lb2 - 0.8swsp = 43.9 mm

Moment in plate (inner bolt);

mt1 = (2Tf m1) / Nbolt = 2482049 Nmm

Moment in plate (outer bolt);

mt2 = (2Tf m2) / Nbolt = 1531032 Nmm

Effective width resisting moment (inner bolt);

Bpt1 = min(e1, m1/tan(30)) + min((Dp-D)/2-e1,m1/tan(30)) = ;

121.1; mm
Effective width resisting moment (outer bolt);

Bpt2 = min(e1, m2/tan(30)) + m2/tan(30) = 126.1 mm

Plate thickness required;

tpt = max((4 mt1/(pypBpt1)), (4 mt2/(pypBpt2))) = 17.6 mm

Plate thickness
Plate thickness required;

tp_req = max(tpc, tpt) = ;32.6 mm;

Plate thickness provided;

tp = 35 mm
PASS - Plate thickness provided is adequate (0.931)

Stiffener section classification for bending

Parameter ;

= (275 N/mm2 / pys)0.5 = 1.019

Ratio for section classification;

R = ds2/ts = 6.8

Section classification (Table 11);

Plastic; (Using stem of T-section)

Shear capacity at column face (position of maximum moment)

Pv = 0.6 pys 0.9 ts ds2 = 472.2 kN

Shear capacity;
Stiffener shear on compression side
Shear force;

Vc = Cf/2 = ;103.9 kN

Depth of stiffener at critical location;

dvc = ds1 + (ds2 - ds1) 2x/(Dp-D) = ;82.8 mm

Shear capacity;

Pvc = 0.6 pys 0.9 ts dvc = 260.7 kN

PASS - Shear capacity on compression side is adequate (0.399)
The stiffener is in LOW shear at the column face on the compression side (0.220)

Stiffener bending on compression side

Lever arm;

lac = (Dp-D)/2 - x/2 = ;114.8; mm

Moment in stiffener;

msc = Cf/2 lac = ;11.93; kNm

For effective length of cantilever (Table 14):At support;

Continuous with lateral and torsional restraint (c)

At tip;

Lateral restraint to tension flange (2)

Loading condition;

Normal

Effective length;

LE = 0.9 (Dp-D)/2 = ;108.9; mm

w = select(Class,Plastic,1.0,Compact,1.0,Semi-compact,0.667,0) = 1.000
Ratio w (cl. 4.3.6.9);

w = 1.00

Equivalent slenderness (B.2.7);

LT = 2.8 (wLEds2/ts2)0.5 = 16.3

Bending strength (Table 16);

pb = 265.0 N/mm2

Bending capacity (cl. 4.2.5);

mcsc = min(1.2pystsds22/6, pbtsds22/4)

mcsc = 26.24 kNm

PASS - Stiffener bending capacity on compression side is adequate (0.455)
Stiffener shear on tension side
Shear force;

Vt = Tf/2 = 69.7 kN

Depth of stiffener at critical location;

dvt = ds1 + (ds2 - ds1) 2e1/(Dp-D) = ;106.0; mm

Shear capacity;

Pvt = 0.6 pys 0.9 ts dvt = 333.6 kN

PASS - Shear capacity on tension is adequate (0.209)
The stiffener is in LOW shear at the column face on the tension side (0.148)

Stiffener bending on tension side

Lever arm;

lat = (Dp-D)/2 - e1 = ;71.1; mm

Moment in stiffener;

mst = Tf/2 lat = 4.95 kNm

Bending capacity;

mcst = min(1.2pystsds22/6, pystsds22/4)

mcst = 26.24 kNm
PASS - Stiffener bending capacity on tension side is adequate (0.189)

Stiffener to base plate weld

Weld force per mm due to column shear force;

fwsl = Fv/[2 (2(Dp-D) + D)] = ;0.032; kN/mm

Longitudinal capacity of 8 mm fillet weld;

pwsl = 1.232 kN/mm; (Cl. 6.8.7.3))

PASS - Longitudinal capacity of stiffener to base plate weld is adequate (0.026)

Assume the force of a single bolt is resisted by the weld on one side of the stiffener.
Effective weld length;

lws = min(Bpt1, Bpt2) = ;121.1; mm

Weld force per mm;

fwst = 2Tf/(Nbolt lws) = 0.288 kN/mm

Transverse capacity of 8 mm fillet weld;

pwst = 1.540 kN/mm; (Cl. 6.8.7.3)

PASS - Transverse capacity of stiffener to base plate weld is adequate (0.187)

ratiows = (fwsl/pwsl)2 + (fwst/pwst)2 = 0.036

Resultant effect (cl. 6.8.7.3);

PASS - Stiffener to base plate weld is adequate (0.036)

Stiffener to column welds
Weld force per mm due to column shear force;

fwsct = Fv/(8ds2) = ;0.043; kN/mm

Transverse capacity of 8 mm fillet weld;

pwsct = 1.540 kN/mm; (Cl. 6.8.7.3)

PASS - Transverse capacity of column to stiffener weld is adequate (0.028)

Considering one stiffener and taking moments about the centreline of the column flange on the compression
side:fwt = [Cf/2 (Dp-D-x+T)/2 + Tf/2 ((Dp+D-T)/2-e1)]/(2 (D-T)

Weld force on tension side;

ds2)

fwt = 0.440 kN/mm

Weld force on compression side;

fwc = (Cf/2 + 2fwt ds2 - Tf/2)/(2ds2) = ;0.554; kN/mm

Maximum weld force per mm;

fwscl = max(fwt, fwc) = 0.554 kN/mm

Longitudinal capacity of 8 mm fillet weld;

pwscl = 1.232 kN/mm; (Cl. 6.8.7.3)

PASS - Longitudinal capacity of column to stiffener weld is adequate (0.450)

Resultant effect (cl. 6.8.7.3);

ratiowsc = (fwscl/pwscl)2 + (fwsct/pwsct)2 = 0.203

PASS - Column to stiffener weld is adequate (0.203)

Holding down bolts

Force per bolt;

Fbolt = (2Tf)/ Nbolt = 34.8 kN

Tensile area per bolt;

At_b = 353.0 mm2

Tensile strength;

pt_b = 560 N/mm2

Tension capacity (cl. 6.6);

Pt_b = 0.8 pt_b At_b = ;158.1; kN;

PASS - Bolt capacity is adequate (0.220)

Anchor plates
Force per anchor plate;

Fap = Fbolt = 34.8 kN

Bolt hole diameter in anchor plate;

dh = 27 mm

Anchor plate bearing area;

Aap = bap2 - dh2/4 = 21927 mm2

Bearing capacity;

Pap = 0.6 fcu Aap = 657.8 kN

PASS - Anchor plate bearing capacity is adequate (0.053)

Bearing pressure on anchor plate;

fap = Fap / Aap = 1.6 N/mm2

Width of bolt head (across flats);

dbh = 36.0 mm

Maximum cantilever length;

lap = bap/2 (2) - dbh/2 = 88.1 mm

Bending moment in plate;

map = fap lap2/2 = 6.2 Nm/mm

Bending capacity;

mcap = pyap tap2/4 = 26.5 Nm/mm

PASS - Anchor plate bending capacity is adequate (0.232)

Holding down bolt anchorage

Note - the following calculation to check the holding down bolt anchorage into the foundation assumes that the
distance from the edge of an anchor plate to the nearest edge of the foundation is at least equal to the depth of
embedment of the anchor plate.
Tension force to be resisted;

Ft = Tf = 139.3 kN

The clear distance between anchor plates is less than the embedment (E).
Effective concrete plan area;

Aplan_eff = [sbolt1+2sbolt2+bap](bap+2E)+E2+2bapE-

(Nbolt/2)bap2
Aplan_eff = 1775332 mm2
For tension failure pull-out, effective tensile area;

At_eff = Aplan_eff = 1775332 mm2

Tensile strength of concrete;

pt = 1.62 N/mm2

Pull-out capacity of tension bolts;

Pt = pt At_eff = 2876.0 kN
PASS - Holding down bolt anchorage is adequate (0.048)

Shear transfer to concrete

Assumed coefficient of friction;

= 0.30

Available shear resistance;

Pv = Cf = ;62; kN
PASS - Frictional shear capacity is adequate (0.823)