Bearing Selection Guide

Bearing Basic Knowledge
Training Topics
Bearing basic knowledge

- Bearing types and selection
- Bearing internal clearance
- Selection of bearing cages
- Bearing designation
- Bearing tolerance
- Shaft and housing tolerances
PT Schaeffler Bearings Indonesia
Slide 1
July 2012
Slide 2
July 2012
Introduction to Rolling Bearings
The Beginning of FAG
Once upon a time
Fischer
Aktien
Gesellschaft
The first ever steel ball grinding
machine invented by a German
engineer in 1883.
Slide 3
July 2012
Slide 4
July 2012
Outer ring
Inner ring
Rolling
element
Cage
Sliding Friction
Rolling Friction
Lubricant !!
Slide 5
July 2012
Slide 6
Bearing Characteristics
July 2012
Bearings which
are seperable
Bearings that can take

"dynamic misalignment"
Bearings which
are non-seperable
Bearings that can take

"static misalignment"
Slide 7
July 2012
Slide 8
July 2012
Cylindrical roller
Ball
Tapered roller
Needle roller
Barrel roller
Slide 9
July 2012
Unsymmetrical
Barrel roller
Line contact
Point contact
(more contact)
(less contact)
Roller Bearings
Ball Bearings
Higher load
Lower speed
Lower load
Higher speed
Slide 10
July 2012
POINT contact
Deep groove ball bearing: 6310
Dimensions = d x D x B = 50 x 110 x 27
Static load rating = C0 = 38 kN
Limiting speed = nG = 14000 rpm
"Radial bearings" designed

to take the radial force
Fr
Fr
Fr
"Axial bearings" designed

to take the axial force
Fa
LINE contact
Fa
Cylindrical roller bearing: NU310

Dimensions = d x D x B = 50 x 110 x 27
Static load rating = C0 = 113 kN
Limiting speed = nG = 6300 rpm
Slide 11
July 2012
Slide 12
July 2012
Nominal contact angle is an angle

between the bearing radial plane and
the contact line without any applied load.
Radial bearing has
the contact angle < 45 degrees
Radial
ball bearings
Radial
roller bearings
Axial bearing has

the contact angle > 45 degrees
Axial ball bearings
Axial roller bearings
Contact line
Radial plane
Slide 13
July 2012
Slide 14
Pumps
Shipbuilding
Machine tools
Road vehicles
Railway vehicles
Paper machinery
Power transmission
Electrical machinery
Conveying equipment
Agricultural machinery
Household appliances
Steelworks and rolling mill
Food and delicacies industry
Mining and construction
Ventilation engineering
Slide 15
July 2012
Deep Groove Ball Bearing
Designation 6XXX
e.g. 6208, 6310
July 2012
Good
Good
Prevent water and moisture
Bad
Good
Applications with outer ring rotating
Bad
Good
Higher
Lower
Prevent dust and dirt
Limiting speed (of the same size)
Small misalignment
High speed
Suffix 2RSR
Seal
Contact Seal
Suffix 2Z
Shield
Gap Seal
The sealed bearing is already filled with STANDARD grease

Slide 16
July 2012
Angular Contact Ball Bearing
Pumps
Machine tools
Road vehicles
Power transmission
Conveying equipment
Designation 7XXX
e.g. 7205, 7306
Video !!
Slide 17
July 2012
Slide 18
Slide 19
July 2012
X arrangement
(Face to Face, DF)
July 2012
O arrangement
(Back to Back, DB)
Small misalignment
High speed
Tandem arrangement
(Tandem, DT)
O arrangement
(Back to Back, DB)
Slide 20
July 2012
X arrangement
(Face to Face, DF)
Self Aligning Ball Bearing
Axial Ball Bearing
Paper machinery
Conveying equipment
Food and delicacies industry
Designation 1XXX, 2XXX

e.g. 1207, 2210
Slide 21
Misalignment 4
High speed
July 2012
Cylindrical Roller Bearing
Designation 51XXX
e.g. 51120, 51330
Slide 22
NU
Designation NXXX, NXXXX

e.g. N308, NU328, NU2226
July 2012
July 2012
Designation 52XXX
e.g. 52220, 52330
Cylindrical Roller Bearing

Pumps
Crushers
Centrifuges
Machine tools
Road vehicles
Paper machinery
Railway vehicles
Vibrating machinery
Power transmission
Conveying equipment
Household appliances
Slide 23
No misalignment
High speed
NUP
NJ
Small misalignment
Low speed
Slide 24
July 2012
SL
Small misalignment
Very low speed
Needle Roller Bearing
Needle Roller Bearing
Application examples
Brake pedal
Acceleration pedal
Automotive gearbox
Without rings K
e.g. K20X26X12, K24X30X17
With rings NA
e.g. NA4907, NA6906
Slide 25
July 2012
Small misalignment
Low speed
Slide 26
July 2012
Tapered Roller Bearing
Spherical Roller Bearing

Pumps
Crushers
Shipbuilding
Wind turbines
Road vehicles
Railway vehicles
Paper machinery
Vibrating screens
Power transmission
Drum belt conveyors
Conveying equipment
Designation 2XXXX
e.g. 23020, 22250
Slide 27
July 2012
Pumps
Crushers
Wind turbines
Machine tools
Road vehicles
Railway vehicles
Power transmission
Conveying equipment
Tunnel boring machinery
Misalignment 3
Low speed
Designation 3XXXX
e.g. 32210, 32215
Slide 28
July 2012
Small Misalignment
Low speed
Tapered Roller Bearing
Axial Cylindrical Roller Bearing
X arrangement
(Face to Face, DF)
O arrangement
(Back to Back, DB)
Slide 29
July 2012
Designation 8XXXX
e.g. 81107, 89312
Slide 30
July 2012
No misalignment
Low speed
Bearing Selection
Axial Spherical Roller Bearing
Extruders
Gearboxes
Generators
Palm oil mills
Paper machines
Boats and ships
Designation 29XXX
e.g. 29220, 29468
Slide 31
July 2012
Misalignment 3
Low speed
Slide 32
July 2012
Bearing Internal Clearance

Internal clearance is for
Sr
C2
CN
C3
C4
C5
Sa
1. Expansion and contraction of

the inner and outer ring due to
tight fits.
2. Thermal expansion from heat

generated during operation, but
the key value is the temperature
difference between the inner
and outer ring, not how high the
temperature.
ST
- Clearance before mounting

- Clearance after mounting
Radial clearance
- Operating clearance
Axial clearance
Slide 33
July 2012
Slide 34
July 2012

See HR1 page 215
Clearance class specified by following suffixes

Example: 6205 (CN), 6309-C3, NU230-E-M1-C4
C1 Clearance smaller than C2
C2 Clearance smaller than CN
CN Clearance normal (no suffix)
C3 Clearance bigger than CN
C4 Clearance bigger than C3
C5 Clearance bigger than C4
If the recommended shaft and housing tolerances are fulfilled.
The normal operating clearance is achieved with clearance
CN, in larger bearings, predominantly with C3.
Slide 35
July 2012
Example: Bearing 6310 has internal clearance 6-23 microns

Bearing 6310-C3 has internal clearance 18-36 microns
Slide 36
July 2012
- Insufficient operating clearance results in hot running and seizing
CN / C3 / C4
- Excessive operating clearance results in high vibration / low accuracy.
Tight Fits
Temperature Difference
0+
6309-2Z used to replace 6309-2Z-C3 in an e-motor, jammed in 1 month.
Slide 37
July 2012
Tolerances of Standard Bearings

Tolerance class specified by following suffixes
Slide 38
July 2012
Tolerances of Standard Bearings

From HR1 page 122
Tolerance class PN
From HR1 page 124

Tolerance class P6
Example: 6208 (PN), 7310-P5, 6309-P63 etc.

PN
Precision Normal (no suffix)
P6
Precision better than PN
P5
Precision better than P6
P4
P2

Example:
Inner diameter of 6220 is between 99.980 - 100.000 mm
Inner diameter of 6220-P6 is between 99.985 - 100.000 mm
For an application which requires

high accuracy or very high speed
Slide 39
July 2012
Slide 40
July 2012
10
Cage - Functions
Cage - Guidance
Cage functions
- To separate rolling elements
- To keep a pitch between rolling elements
- To hold rolling elements within a bearing
- To guide rolling elements to the raceway
Slide 41
July 2012
Cage - Moulded Plastic Cage (Polyamide)
Rolling element guide
Outer ring guide
Inner ring guide
(no additional suffix)

Normal applications
(with suffix A)
High vibration
High speed
(with suffix B)
High vibration
High speed
Slide 42
July 2012
Cage - Pressed Steel Cage

Window typed cage
for an spherical
roller bearing
Ribbon type cage

for a ball bearing
Riveted cage
for a ball bearing
Window typed cage for an
angular contact ball bearing
Slide 43
July 2012
Window typed cage for

a cylindrical roller bearing
Slide 44
July 2012
11
Cage Selection
Cage - Machined Brass Cage

Riveted cage
for a cylindrical
roller bearing
Riveted cage
for a ball bearing
Window typed cage

for a ball bearing
Slide 45
July 2012
Maximum Operating Temperature
Max operating temperature of standard BALL bearings

Bearing with a plastic cage (polyamide) can stand up to 120 degrees
Bearing with rubber seal and standard grease can stand up to 100 degrees
Criterion
Steel
Brass
Polyamide
Weight
Good
Bad
Very Good
Strength
Very Good
Very Good
Good
Cost / Price
Good
Bad
Good
Space for lubricant
Very Good
Good
Good
Running noise
Good
Good
Very Good
Corosion from
chemical / lubricant
Very Good
Good
Bad
Temperature more
than 120 degrees C
Good
Good
Bad
1. The plastic cage has its own advantages for weight, noise, and flexibility
2. Strength comparison between two metallic cages i.e. steel and brass cage
3. Brass cage has emergency running behavior, easy to machine with accuracy
4. New bearings are with pressed steel cage, machined brass cage is expensive
Slide 46
July 2012
Maximum Operating Temperature
Max operating temperature of standard ROLLER bearings

Bearing with a plastic cage (polyamide) can stand up to 120 degrees
Bearing with rubber seal and standard grease can stand up to 100 degrees
DGBB OD<240 mm is dimensionally stable up to 120 degrees

DGBB OD>240 mm is dimensionally stable up to 200 degrees
CRB every sizes is dimensionally stable up to 120 degrees

SRB every sizes is dimensionally stable up to 200 degrees
ACBB OD<240 mm is dimensionally stable up to 150 degrees

ACBB OD>240 mm is dimensionally stable up to 200 degrees
TRB every sizes is dimensionally stable up to 120 degrees
SABB every sizes is dimensionally stable up to 150 degrees
NRB every sizes is dimensionally stable up to 120 degrees
Slide 47
July 2012
Slide 48
July 2012
12
Bearing Designation
Bearing Designation
Bearing designation can tell you
Bearing designation
1. Bearing type
2. Dimensions
3. Part tolerances
4. Bearing clearance
5. Cage design and material
6. Other special characteristics
Slide 49
July 2012
Bearing Designation
Prefix
Bearing
type
Slide 50
Suffix
Base designation
Width
series
July 2012
Diameter
series
Bore
code
Bearing Designation
The last one or two digits is the bore code

The first digit specify the bearing type
1XXX
2XXXX
3XXXX
5XXXX
6XXX
7XXX
8XXXX
NXXXX
Slide 51
July 2012
Self aligning ball bearing

Spherical roller bearing
Tapered roller bearing
Axial ball bearing
Deep groove ball bearing
Angular contact ball bearing
Axial cylindrical roller bearing
Cylindrical roller bearing
Slide 52
Bore code
Bore diameter
3 to 9
00
01
02
03
04
.
.
.
96
/500
/530
3 to 9 mm
10 mm
12 mm
15 mm
17 mm
20 mm
.
.
.
480 mm
500 mm
530 mm
July 2012
Bore code X5
13
Bearing Designation
Bearing Designation
One or two digits in the middle are width and diameter series
Dim. series
00 10 20 30
Dim. series
40
02 12
Width series
0 1
22
Dim. series
32
03
13
Width series
23
Dim. series
33
04
Width series
6206
6 = Deep groove ball bearing
(0) = Width series 0
2 = Diameter series 2
06 = 06 x 5 = 30 mm bore
24
Width series
4
3
7305-B
7 = Angular contact ball bearing
(0) = Width series 0
05 = 05 x 5 = 25 mm bore
Example:
Spherical roller bearing with designation 23220 is WIDER than 22220
Spherical roller bearing with designation 22320 is BIGGER than 22220
Slide 53
July 2012
Bearing Designation
Slide 54
One bearing has 2 rings

inner and outer ring.
There are 2 load cases,
circumferential load and
point load.
NU2314-E
NU = Cylindrical roller bearing
2 = Width series 2
14 = 14 x 5 = 70 mm bore
July 2012
Shaft and Housing Tolerances
30209-A
3 = Tapered roller bearing
0 = Width series 0
09 = 09 x 5 = 45 mm bore
Slide 55
July 2012
See HR1 page 148
Slide 56
July 2012
14

Schematic 2

Schematic 1
Inner ring rotates

Outer ring stationary
Load direction constant
Inner ring stationary

Outer ring rotates
Load direction constant
IR - Circumferential load
(tight fit necessary)
IR - Point load
(loose fit permissible)
OR - Point load
Example:
Shaft weight
Roll press
See HR1 page 148
Slide 57
July 2012

Schematic 3
See HR1 page 148
Slide 59
July 2012
OR - Circumferential load
Example
Car hub bearing
See HR1 page 148
Slide 58
July 2012

Schematic 4
Inner ring rotates

Outer ring stationary
Load direction rotates
Inner ring stationary

Outer ring rotates
Load direction rotates
IR - Point load
IR - Circumferential load
OR - Circumferential load
OR - Point load
Example
Centrifuges
Vibrating screens
See HR1 page 148
Slide 60
July 2012
Example
Hub bearing with unbalance
15
From HR1 page 150
- Meaning of tight fit

- Meaning of loose fit
- Meaning of transition fit
- Difference between
capital and small letter
Example: 6212 in e-motor, recommended shaft fit is 60 k6
See HR1 page 149

Slide 61
July 2012
Slide 62
July 2012

From HR1 page 155
" Thank you for your attention "
PT Schaeffler Bearings Indonesia

Gedung Graha Pena Suite 707
Jl. A Yani no 88
Surabaya - 60234
Phone : 0318270030
Fax : 0318270030
Example: shaft fit 60 k6, shaft tolerance is +2 / +21 i.e. 60.002 60.021 mm
Slide 63
July 2012
Slide 64
July 2012
16

Bearing Selection Guide

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Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing basic knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Introduction to Rolling Bearings

The Beginning of FAG

Once upon a time

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Introduction to Rolling Bearings

Introduction to Rolling Bearings

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearings that can take

Bearings that can take

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

"Radial bearings" designed

"Axial bearings" designed

Cylindrical roller bearing: NU310

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Nominal contact angle is an angle

Axial bearing has

Axial roller bearings

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Deep Groove Ball Bearing

Deep Groove Ball Bearing

Prevent water and moisture

Applications with outer ring rotating

Prevent dust and dirt

Limiting speed (of the same size)

The sealed bearing is already filled with STANDARD grease

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Angular Contact Ball Bearing

Deep Groove Ball Bearing

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Angular Contact Ball Bearing

Angular Contact Ball Bearing

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Self Aligning Ball Bearing

Axial Ball Bearing

Designation 1XXX, 2XXX

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Cylindrical Roller Bearing

Designation NXXX, NXXXX

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Cylindrical Roller Bearing

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Needle Roller Bearing

Needle Roller Bearing

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Bearing Basic Knowledge

Tapered Roller Bearing

Spherical Roller Bearing

Tapered Roller Bearing