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Diversos investigadores han definido teoras acerca de la motivacin, aqu tienes las ms
relevantes:
Teora de las necesidades de Maslow: Estamos motivados para conseguir distintas
necesidades clasificadas jerrquicamente; fisiolgicas, de seguridad, sociales, estima,
autorrealizacin. Segn el hombre satisface estas necesidades ascendera desde la simple
supervivencia a la autorrealizacin.
Teora del reforzamiento de Skinner: Aquella conducta que se sigue de consecuencias
positivas aumenta su probabilidad de repeticin en un futuro, mientras que la conducta que
tiene consecuencias negativas la disminuye (ley del efecto).
Teora de las metas de Locke: Nos imponemos unas metas a lograr, pero para motivarnos
debemos contar con las habilidades o estrategias para llegar conseguirlas.
Teora de la equidad de Adams: Tendemos a valorar lo equitativo y justo de las
recompensas recibidas. Estamos motivados cuando creemos que nuestra recompensa es
equitativa a nuestro esfuerzo y justa respecto a las recompensas de otros por el mismo
esfuerzo
una recompensa fsica o psicolgica al finalizar la tarea, para que el individuo la repita
hasta encontrar satisfactores en ella o adquiera la costumbre.
MOTIVACIONES NEGATIVAS
Motivacin por amenazas.- Motivacin por amenazas pues dirigen la conducta bajo la
primicia de evitar el castigo, la humillacin, la represin o el aislamiento. Fomentan el
miedo ms que el respeto a la autoridad, al fin comn o el propio bien.
Motivacin por miedo.- La motivacin por miedo es otra motivacin negativa; este
puede ser autosugestionado o motivado extrnsecamente, cuando parte de la propia
persona, se trata de una motivacin intrnseca negativa, como el miedo a engordar, a
envejecer o a fallar y cometer errores, tambin es motivacin intrnseca negativa
cuando la persona comete un crimen por considerar que era su deber forzar o detener a
otra para algn fin.
Motivacin por castigos.- Estos pueden ser fsicos como golpes, pellizcos y otras
acciones fsicas, o castigos morales y psicolgicos como el aislamiento forzado, la
humillacin pblica o la privacin de bienes y gozos. Este tipo de motivacin negativa
es la ms comn en instituciones educativas, pues intenta que por medio de castigos los
estudiantes sigan las normas.
Motivacin por Humillaciones.- Es aquella en la que la humillacin se usa para que
otra persona o grupo lleve a cabo acciones se trata de motivacin negativa, es el caso
que se da en algunas agrupaciones, como por ejemplo en el ejrcito, donde se hacen
humillaciones y se dicen insultos al recluta, para que por medio del odio o coraje
generado, se motive a s mismo a realizar alguna accin.
Bibliografas:
http://10tipos.com/tipos-de-motivacion/
http://www.webconsultas.com/mente-y-emociones/emociones-y-autoayuda/teorias-y-tiposde-motivacion-6641
https://psicologiaymente.net/psicologia/tipos-de-motivacion#!
Una inferior: que incluye el respeto de los dems, la necesidad de estatus, fama,
gloria, reconocimiento, atencin, reputacin, y dignidad.
Bibliografa
https://psicopedagogiaaprendizajeuc.wordpress.com/2012/06/29/abraham-maslow-y-suteoria-de-la-motivacion-humana/
https://luismiguelmanene.wordpress.com/2012/09/16/la-motivacion-y-satisfaccion-en-eltrabajo-y-sus-teorias/
http://www.gestiopolis.com/motivacion-conceptos-y-teorias-principales/
INVESTIGACION EN INGLES
others, gave him the loyalty of those who worked beside him. He learned from mistakes
and was cautious and generous. He also had an excellent negotiating
3skills, which led him to reach agreements in which everyone felt they earned.
Steve Jobs
Undoubtedly, one of the most visionary of our time characters, also one of the most
controversial in their leadership style. The extensive report of Entrepreneur magazine, "The
lessons of a visionary," analyzes point by point the lights and shadows of the man who
changed the way humanity relates.
He is usually portrayed as a tough but close boss. He even said my job is not to get along
with people, but get them to do more and better as a defense against the criticism of being
a cruel and tyrannical boss. Despite this, his collaborators adored him, because they
conveyed the purpose of what they were doing, the significance of his role. Therefore,
despite the harsh working conditions, turnover in his company was one of the lowest in the
sector
Martin Luther King
The lessons of this leader who transformed America are still in force. There are three main
highlighted in the article "Lessons from Martin Luther King" and have become a manual to
be followed by all those who have the aspiration to become great leaders. First, demonstrate
the total commitment to a cause is essential for success in it. The sacrifices that are both
personal and professional commitment to this cause are often not easy to take, which is one
of the reasons why professionals fail.
The second lesson relates to innovate, break the trust established as a basis for change.
Often it involves taking measures that are unpopular, because resistance to change is a
common element in organizations. However, questioned why what we do and doing things
differently is necessary to evolve and grow.
Communication was the third of its virtues. I had a dream, but he could not have it happen
if I had not communicated to everyone around him. Turn the dream into action, convincing
others to sign up to it, it is the only way to make it happen.
Winston Churchill
This controversial character is valued as one of the best world leaders. British Prime
Minister Winston Churchill is known for his oratorical ability, with which he managed to
inspire and raise the morale of an entire nation during World War II .
Churchill has been described as a stubborn, obstinate and countless quirks and strange
customs person, but also as a positive and optimistic leader and with a great sense of
humor, especially in complicated situations.
His confidence, his tenacity and his communication skills were some of the characteristics
that made him become a great leader. Through his radio speeches, this political knew
motivate your people, give hope and strength necessary for a country to the brink retook
necessary to continue fighting forces.
Mahatma Gandhi
One of the qualities that characterize great leaders is their ability to move large masses of
people and make all these people strive for a goal, a common purpose, in this case, freedom
and independence of a nation like India.
Gandhi is one of the most popular and admired pacifist leaders of all time. Through the
"disobedience and peaceful resistance" or as he preferred "satyagraha", defined as the force
of truth, began to lead a battle against the British government, to free his people from
oppression.
The charisma and know-how of this transformational leader, preaching by example, were
two of the most outstanding qualities of this historical figure, which rose against unjust
laws and tried to change the established system.
His perseverance and ability to delude the people, to make them see and feel the same as
him, made it possible to unite 350 million people to fight for a common goal, and that this
purpose was achieved.
Autor
Nelson Mandela
Steve Jobs
Winston Churchill
Caractersticas de su liderazgo
La paciencia.
Visin a largo plazo.
Esperar a las oportunidades.
Capacidad de perdonar.
Lealtad.
Demostrar el compromiso total hacia una causa.
Innovar, romper las creencias establecidas como base para
lograr un cambio.
La comunicacin.
Trabajo no es llevarse bien con las personas, sino
tirnico.
Les transmita el propsito sobre lo que estaban haciendo.
Capacidad de oratoria.
Inspirar y levantar la moral del pueblo.
La confianza en s mismo, su tenacidad y sus habilidades
para la comunicacin.
Mahatma Gandhi
Bibliografa:
http://retos-directivos.eae.es/ejemplos-de-liderazgo-tres-personajes-unicos-y-sus-leccionespara-el-mundo/
http://coachingyliderazgo.es/articulos-de-liderazgo/tipo-de-liderazgo-de-lideres-famosos/
https://www.euroresidentes.com/empresa/liderazgo/grandes-lideres-democraticos-en-lahistoria
Autor/ estilo
Coercitivo
Daniel
Goleman.
Exige cumplir
tareas de forma
inmediata.
Motiva a
travs de su
visin.
Demanda su
misin
inmediata.
Moviliza a
las personas
detrs de una
visin.
Moviliza a la
gente hacia
una nueva
direccin.
Carolina
Campalans.
Rodrigo
Vzquez
Luis.
Demanda de
sus
colaboradores
al acatamiento
inmediato de
las ordenes.
TIPOS DE LIDERAZGO
Acreditado
Afiliativo
Democrtico
MarcoCoac
ritmo
capac
Constituye
Crea acuerdos
Espera
B
lazos
mediante la
excelencia en
des
emocionales.
participacin.
la autonoma
prof
del
de su
desempeo.
Crear armona y Forja consenso Fija elevados
Des
vnculos
mediante
estndares de perso
emocionales.
participacin. rendimiento.
el f
Basan su
comportamient
o en las
personas.
Fomentan la
comunicacin
dentro de la
organizacin.
Bibliografa
https://www.cesarpiqueras.com/6-estilos-de-liderazgo.-goleman/
Conseguir
estndares de
rendimiento
muy altos.
Desa
la g
cara a
con e
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