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BOTANY FACTS -2
Pollination in Rafflesia
By flies/mites
Dispersal of seeds in Rafflesia
By Elephant
Smallest parasite
Arceuthobium minutissimum It lives in stem of Pinus,
Rootless plants

Balanophora, Utricularia, Ceratophylium, Woiffia

Plantless roots
plants have only roots to perform assimilation/growth/reproduction e.g. Sapria, Podostemum,

Arceuthobium, Rafflesia
also visit facts of animals

Scindapsus (family Araceae)

First terrestrial and then becomes epiphyte

Arachis hypogea (Ground nut)

Flowering occurs outside soil and after fertilization, ovaries go into soil where fruit formation occurs. It is
called Geocarpy and is due to auxin action.
Plant with Broadest leaves
Victoria amazonica, (Amazon lily) leaf diameter 1.5 to 1.8 m

Plant with Longest leaf

Raphia vinifera (1015 m )

Largest (Tallest) angiosperm

Eucalyptus regnans (114 m)
Tallest Gymnosperm
Sequoiadenron sempervirens ( = Sequoia gigantea) Douglosfir or Californian red wood tree

Largest flower
Rafflesia arnoldi ( 1 mt in dia, wt 7 kg) It is a root parasite on Tetrastigma roots

Largest flower of India

Sapria (a root parasite)

Largest inflorescence
Amorphophallus titanum (5.5 m) may be upto 12 m in Agave

Largest cotyledons
Capsella bursa pestoris (Shepherds purse)

Biggest fruit
Lodoicea maldivica (Double coconut wt 6 kg)

Largest diameter of a tree

Taxodium mucronatum (100125 ft) Cestanea (167 feet)

Strongest wood used to keep mummies

Taxodium mucronatum (a gymnosperm)
Maximum number of chromosomes, plant
Ophioglossum reticulatum (2n = 1262)

Animal
Aulacantha (Radiolarians (2n = 1600)
Smallest Archegonium is found in
Angiosperms
Largest Archegonium is found in
Mosses
Smallest gametophyte plant
Chiamydomonas
Largest gametopilytic plant
Dasownia
Smallest pollen grain (2.5 t)
Myosotis

Largest pollen grain (250 j.t)

Mirabilis
Biggest ovule
Cycas thourasii (7 cm in length)

Biggest sperm
Cycas
Biggest egg
Cycas
Largest seed
Lodoicea maidivica
Maximum number of chromosomes in Angiosprms
Poa litorosa 2n = 266
Smallest chromosome
An alga (0.025 rim)
Largest chromosome
Trillium govanianuin (30 jim)

Minimum number of chromosomes-Plant

Mucor, Porphyra (n = 2)

Minimum number of chromosomes-animal

Ascaris (2n = 2)
Highest yielding cereal (grain) crop
Maize
Largest and widest cultivated crop
Rice (Oryza sativ)
Most advanced family
Compositae in dicots and gramineae in monocots
Billiards ball is made
from vegetable (Ivory) Palm (Phvtelephas microcarpa)
Lightest wood
Balsa (Ochrorna Pyramidale) sp. gr. 00444
Heaviest wood of world
Guaicum officinale ( sp. gr. I .49 wt. 93 lb/cubic feet
Heaviest wood of India
Hardwichia birata, Acacia sundra
Fire proof wood (wood without resin)
Sequoia dendron
Maximum life span of a tree
Macrozamia (10000 years), Dracaena (8000 years)

Largest spreading tree

Ficus bengulensis

Largest leaf in diameter

Victoria arnazonica (V. regia) Amazon lily dia. (56 ft)
Longest leaf
Raphia vinifera 3050 ft
Longest Botanic Garden of World

Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, England

Largest Botanic Garden of India

Indian Botanic Garden, Sibhpur (Howrah) Calcutta

First Plant taxonomist
Caesalpinio

Worlds largest herbarium

Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, England
Largest herbarium of India
Central National Herbarium (CNH), Howrah, WB

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