Documente Academic
Documente Profesional
Documente Cultură
JULY 2005
adhesive resin: any resin material with incorporated adhesive chemicals such as organophosphates, HEMA (hydroxyethyl methacrylate), or 4-META (4 methacrylethyl trimellitic anhydride); in
dentistry, it describes the luting agents used with resin bonded
prostheses
adiadochokinesia \ad#e-a d
o ch
o k ne#zha\ n : inability to perform
rapid alternating movements such as opening and closing the
jaws or lips, raising and lowering the eyebrows, or tapping the finger
adipose atrophy \ad# -p
os# at#ra-fe\: reduction of fatty tissue
adjustable anterior guidance \a-just#a#bul an-tr#e-or gd#ns\: an anterior guide on an articulator whose surface may be altered to provide desired guidance of the articulators movement mechanism;
the guide may be programmed (calibrated) to accept eccentric interocclusal records
adjustable articulator \a-just#a#bul ar-t k#ya-la#tor\: an articulator
that allows some limited adjustment in the sagittal and horizontal
planes to replicate recorded mandibular movementssee
ARTICULATOR
adjustable axis facebow: see FACE-BOW
#sal p v#ot\ obs : an occluadjustable occlusal pivot \a-just#abul a kl
oo
sal pivot that may be adjusted vertically by means of a screw or other
device (GPT4)
adjustment \a-just#mant\ n (1644) l: the act or process of modifying
physical parts 2: in dentistry, a modification made on a dental prosthesis or natural tooth to enhance fit, function, or acceptance by the
patientsee OCCLUSAL A.
adsorption \ad-sorp#shun, -zorp#-\ n (1882): the adhesion, in an
extremely thin layer, of molecules to the surfaces of liquids or
solids
with
which
they
are
in
contactcomp
ABSORPTIONadsorptive adj
adult speech aid prosthesis \a-dult# spech ad pros-the#s s\: a definitive
maxillofacial prosthesis which can improve speech in adult cleft palate patients either by obturating (sealing off) a palatal cleft or fistula, or occasionally by assisting an incompetent soft palate. Both
mechanisms are necessary to achieve velopharyngeal competency.
Editors note: Generally this prosthesis is fabricated when no further
growth is anticipated and the objective is to achieve long term use,
hence, more precise materials and techniques are utilized.
Occasionally such procedures are accomplished in conjunction with
precision attachments in fixed dental prostheses undertaken on some
or all maxillary teeth, to achieve improved estheticssyn
PROSTHETIC SPEECH APPLIANCE, SPEECH AID,
SPEECH BULB
afterimage \af#ter m# j\ n (1874): in visual acuity, a prolongation
or renewal of a visual sensory experience, ascribable to residual excitation after external stimuli have ceased to operate
afterloading technique \af#ter-l
od#ing tek-nek#\: in therapeutic radiology, the use of applicators for brachytherapy so designed that
they may be quickly loaded with radioactive sources after placement within the patient
agar \a#gar#, a#gar#\ n (1889): a complex sulfated polymer of galactose units, extracted from Gelidium cartilagineum, Gracilaria
confervoides, and related red algae. It is a mucilaginous substance
that melts at approximately 100 C and solidifies into a gel at approximately 40 C. It is not digested by most bacteria and is used
as a gelation agent in dental impression materials and a solid culture media for microorganisms.
age atrophy \aj at#ra-fe\: a wasting away; the normal diminution of all
tissues due to advanced age
agenesis \a-jen# -s s\ n (ca. 1879): absence, failure of formation, or
imperfect development of any body partsee CONDYLAR
AGENESIS
agnathia \ag-na#the-a\ n : a developmental anomaly characterized by
absence of the mandible
agnosia \ag-n
o#zha\ n (ca. 1900): diminution or loss of the ability to
recognize the import of sensory stimuli; the varieties correspond
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agnosia analgesic
d
with the senses and are distinguished as auditory, gustatory, olfactory, tactile, and visual
agonist \ag#a-n st\ n (ca. 1626) 1: in physiology, a muscle that is
controlled by the action of an antagonist with which it is paired
2: in anatomy, a prime mover 3: in pharmacology, a drug that
has an affinity for and stimulates physiologic activity in cell receptors normally stimulated by naturally occurring substances
air abrasion: see AIRBORNE PARTICLE ABRASION
air-bone gap \ar#b
on# gap\: in audiology, the difference in patient acuity to sound transmitted though air and through bone that reflects
hearing loss due to middle ear dysfunction or pathology
airborne-particle abrasion \ar#born# par#t -kal a-bra#zhun\: the process of altering the surface of a material through the use of abrasive
particles propelled by compressed air or other gases
air chamber: see RELIEF AREA
air conduction \ar kon-duk#shun\: the normal process of conducting
sound waves through the ear canal to the tympanic membrane
air dose \ar d
os\: in therapeutic radiology, the amount of energy absorbed per unit mass of tissue at a given site, in air
Akers clasp \A#kerz
klasp\ [Polk E. Akers, Chicago, III, dentist]: eponym for a one piece cast partial denture with cast clasps. He is said
to have improved and standardized the one piece casting method
for fabricating gold alloy removable partial dental prostheses in the
early 1920ssee SUPRABULGE CLASP
Akers PE Partial dentures. J Amer Dent Assoc 1928;15:717-22.
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all-polymer prosthesis: a fixed dental prosthesis fabricated from nonmetallic or ceramic components typically composed of an internal
glass fiber-reinforced composite framework covered by a particulate composite resin
alpha particle \al#fa par#t -kal\ n (1903): a positively charged nuclear
particle identical with the nucleus of a helium atom that consists of
two protons and two neutrons and is ejected at high speed in certain radioactive transformations
altered cast \ol#terd kast\: a final cast that is revised in part before processing a denture basecalled also corrected cast, modified cast
altered cast partial denture impression \ol#terd kast par#shal
den#cher m-presh#an\: a negative likeness of a portion or portions
of the edentulous denture bearing area(s) made independent of
and after the initial impression of the natural teeth. This technique
employs an impression tray(s) attached to the removable dental
prosthesis framework or its likeness
#mi-num ok#sd#\ 1: a metallic oxide constitualuminum oxide \a-l
oo
ent of dental porcelain that increases hardness and viscosity 2: a
high strength ceramic crystal dispersed throughout a glassy phase
to increase its strength as in aluminous dental porcelain used to fabricate aluminous porcelain crowns 3: a finely ground ceramic particle (frequently 50 um) often used in conjunction with air-borne
particle abrasion of metal castings before the application of porcelain as with metal ceramic restorations
#mi-nus por#si-lin, p
aluminous porcelain \a-l
oo
or#-\: a ceramic material composed of a glass matrix phase with 35% or more of aluminum oxide, by volume
alveolar \al-ve#a-ler\ adj (1799): that part of the jaws where the
teeth arise
alveolar augmentation \al-ve#a-ler og#men-ta#shun\: any surgical
procedure employed to alter the contour of the residual alveolar
ridge
alveolar bone \al-ve#a-ler b
on\: the bony portion of the mandible or
maxillae in which the roots of the teeth are held by fibers of the periodontal ligamentcalled also dental alveolus
alveolar crest: see RESIDUAL RIDGE CREST
-k
alveolar mucosa \al-ve#a-ler my
oo
o#sa\: the fixed mucosal covering
of the alveolar process, loosely attached to the bone
alveolar process \al-ve#a-ler pro-ses#\: the cancellous and compact
bony structure that surrounds and supports the teeth
alveolar reconstruction \al-ve#a-ler re#kon-struk#shun\ : any surgical
procedure employed to recreate a severely resorbed residual alveolar ridge
alveolar resorption: see RESIDUAL RIDGE RESORPTION
alveolar ridge: see RESIDUAL RIDGE
alveolectomy n : see OSTEOTOMY
alveoloplasty n : see OSTEOTOMY
alveolus n, pl alveoli (ca. 1706): one of the cavities or sockets
within the alveolar process of the maxillae or mandible in which
the attachment complex held the root of a tooth after the tooths
removal
amalgam n: 1: an alloy of mercury 2: dental amalgam is an alloy of
mercury, silver, copper, and tin, which may also contain palladium,
zinc, and other elements to improve handling characteristics and
clinical performance
ambient \AM-bee-unt\ adj: existing or present on all sides; encompassing
or#fus\: without crystalline structure; having ranamorphous \a-m
dom arrangement of atoms in space
analgesia \an#al-je ze-a,-zha\ n (ca. 1706): absence of sensibility to
pain, designating particularly the relief of pain without loss of consciousness
1
analgesic \an#al-je# z k, -s k\ adj: relieving pain
2
analgesic \an#al-je#z k, -s k\ n : an agent that alleviates pain without
causing loss of consciousnesssee A. BLOCKING AGENT, A.
DIAGNOSTIC BLOCK
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JULY 2005
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