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1. e4 c6
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5
(Approx. 80% of Caro-Kann Games)
The Caro-Kann Defense is named after H. Caro of Berlin and M. Kann of Vienna who analyzed the first
analyzed the opening in the 1890s. Black's Idea is to give up the center pawn for easier development,
and not to have his Bishop on c8 "trapped." Contrast this with French Defense where Black maintains a
center pawn, but gives up mobility and the Bishop on c8 is "trapped." The Caro-Kann works better for
overly aggressive players (for White) and good endgame players (for Black).
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Nc3 is play 32% of the time and Nd2 is played 18% of the time.
A1. Classical Variation (50%)
4. Bf5 5.Ng3 Bg6 6.h4 h6 7.Nf3 Nd7 8.h5 Bh7 9.Bd3 Bxd3 10.Qxd3
A2. Steinitz Variation (32%)
4. Nd7 5.Nf31 Ngf6 6.Nxf6+ Nxf6 7.Bc4 Bf5 8.O-O e6
1
Bb4 7.cxd5 Nxd5 8.Bd2 Nc6 9.Bd3 O-O 10.O-O Be7 11.a3 Bf6
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Sicilian Defense
1.e4 c5
For Black, the Sicilian Defense is the most popular and best-scoring response to White's 1.e4 (and the
most successful first move for White is 1.d4). The Sicilian Defense was analyzed by Giulio Polerio in
his 1594 manuscript on chess, and the name actually comes through the English translation (by Jacob
Sarratt in 1813) of an old Italian manuscript phrase "il giocho siciliano."
The Sicilian Defense was fairly popular during the 1800s, but fell out of favor in the late 1800's.
However, the Sicilian Defense was revived in the 1940s and 1950s by players such as Miguel Najdorf
and Reuben Fine. Further efforts from world champions such as Bobby Fischer and Garry Kasparov
helped place the Sicilian Defense as the defense that offers Black the most winning chances against 1.e4.
Whites Ideas / Goals
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Bg5 e6 7.f4 Qb6 8.Qd2 Qxb2 9.Rb1 Qa3 10.e5 dxe5 11.fxe5 Nfd7 (Poisoned Pawn Var.)
e6 transposes to the Scheveningen Variation (see A1-4).
Qb6 7.Nb3 e6 8.O-O Be7 9.Be3 Qc7 10.f4 a6 11.Bd3 b5 (or O-O)
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A developing moved that helps control the central dark squares and prepares Nf6
A2-1. Sveshnikov (43%)
Black forces action in the center at the cost of permanently accepting a weaker d5 square,
on which White will ultimately try to settle a knight or a bishop.
4. Nf6 5.Nc3 e51 6.Ndb5 d6 7.Bg5 a6 8.Na3 b5 9.Nd52 Be7 10.Bxf6 Bxf6 11.c3
1
2
c4 Bg7 6.Be3 Nf6 7.Nc3 O-O 8.Be2 d6 9.O-O Bd7 10.Qd2 Nxd4 11.Bxd4 Bc6
a5 9.f3 d5 10.Bxd5 Nxd5 11.Nxd5 f5
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c4 Be7 7.N1c3 a6 8.Na3 Be6 9.Nc2 Bg5 10.Be2 Bxc1 11.Rxc1 Nge7
a6 7.Na3 b5 8.Nd5 Nf6 9.Bg5 Be7 10.Bxf6 Bxf6 11.c3 O-O
3
Nd5 Be7 10.Bxf6 Bxf6 11.c3 O-O
2
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1.e4 d5
(Black neutralizes the e4 pawn, and the move 2.exd5 is play 94% of the time)
1. e4 d5 2.exd5
A. Main Line (59%)
2. Qxd5 3.Nc3 Qa5 4.d4 Nf6 5.Nf3 c6 6.Bc4 Bf5 7.Bd2 e6
B. Marshall Gambit (40%)
2. Nf6 3.d4 Nxd5 4.Nf31 g6 5.Be2 Bg7 6.O-O O-O 7.c4 Nb6 8.Nc3 Nc6 9.d5 Ne5 10.Nxe5 Bxe5
11.Bh6 Re8
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4.c4 Nb6 5.Nf3 g6 6.Nc3 Bg7 7.h3 O-O 8.Be3 Nc6 9.Qd2 e5 10.d5
Petrov Defense
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Kings Gambit
1.e4 e5 2.f4
White offers a pawn to divert Blacks e-pawn and to play d4. Black must decide whether or not to
accept the gambit because White cannot easily regain the pawn. However, the pawn advantage for
Black comes at the cost of a weakened the position of Blacks pieces.
A. Kings Gambit Accepted (57%):
1.e4 e5 2.f4 exf4 3.Nf3 g51 4.h4 g4 5.Ne5 Nf6 6.Bc4 d5 7.exd5 Bd6 8.d4 Nh5 9.O-O O-O
1
d5 4.exd5 Nf6 5.Bc4 Nxd5 6.O-O Be7 7.d4 Be6 8.Bxd5 Qxd5 9.Bxf4 Nc6
Bc5 3.Nf3 d6 4.c3 Nf6 5.fxe5 dxe5 6.Nxe5 Qe7 7.d4 Bd6 8.Nf3 Nxe4 9.Be2 O-O 10.O-O c5
e4 4.d3 Nf6 5.dxe4 Nxe4 6.Nf3 Bc5 7.Qe2 Bf5 8.Nc3 Qe7 9.Be3 Nxc3 10.Bxc5 Nxe2 11.Bxe7 Nxf4
Modern/Pirc Defense
1.e4 g6
Black allows White to build up a pawn center with 2.d4, but Black plans to develop the f8 Bishop to g7
and attack the center from the side.
1.e4 g6 2.d4 Bg7 3.Nc3 d6 4.Nf3 Nf6 5.h3 Nc6 6.Be3 O-O 7.Qd2 a6 8.Bd3 d5 9.e5 Ne8 10.h4 Nb4
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Caro-Kann Defense:
1.e4 c6 2.d4 d5
Opening Moves
3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxd4 Bf5 5.Ng3 Bg6
3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxd4 Nd7
3.Nc3 dxe4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nxf6+ gxf6
3.exd5
3.exd5 cxd5 4.c4
3. e5
Variation Name
Classical Variation
Steinitz Variation
Bronstein-Larsen Variation
Exchange Variation
Panov-Botvinnik Attack
Advanced Variation
Sicilian Defense:
1.e4 c5
Opening Moves
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 a6
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nc6 6.Bg5
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nc6 6.Bc4
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 g6
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e6 6.Be2
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e6 6.g4
1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 d6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e6 6.Be3
1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 e5
1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 g6
1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 Nc6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 e5
1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nc6
1.e4 c5 2.Nc3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 a6
2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Nf6 5.Nc3 Nf6
2.Nc3 Nc6 3.g3 g6 4.Bg2 Bg6 5.d3 d6
2. c3
Variation Name
Najdorf
Classical: Richter-Rauser Attack
Classical: Fischer-Sozin Attack
Dragon
Scheveningen: Classical
Scheveningen: Keres Attack
Scheveningen: English Attack
Sveshnikov
Accelerated Dragon
Kalashnikov
Taimanov
Kan
Four Knights
Closed Defense
Alapins Variation
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Variation Name
Center Counter Defense: Main Line
Center Counter Defense: Marshall Gambit
Petrov Defense
KingsGambit: Accepted
KingsGambit: Declined
Modern/Pirc Defense