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Geologi Struktur
(Strain & Deformasi)

Oleh :
Irvani

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Referensi :

Van Der Pluijm, B. A. and Marshak, S. 2004. Earth Structure. 2nd Edition. W. W.
Norton & Company, Inc., USA.
Rowland, S.M., Duebendorfer, E.M. and Schiefelbein, I.M. 2007. Structural Analysis
and Synthesis : A Laboratory Course in Structural Geology. 3th Edition. Blacwell
Publishing Ltd. Voctoria, Australia.
Bates, R.L. and Jackson, J.A., 1987. Glossary Geology. 3th Edition. American
Geological Institute Elexandria, Virginia.
Davis, G.H. 1984. Structural Geology of Rocks and Regions. John Wiley & Sons,
New York.
Ragan, D.M. 2009. Structural Geology : An Introduction to Geometrical Techniques.
4th Edition. Cambridge University Press, New York.
Twiss R.J. And Moores, E.M. 2007. Structural Geology. 2nd Edition. W.H. Freeman
and Company, USA.
Ramsey J. and Huber, M. 1983. The Techniques of Modern Structural Geology :
Strain Analysis. Vol. 1. Academic Press, Inc., London.
Ramsey J. and Huber, M. 1987. The Techniques of Modern Structural Geology : Fold
and Fractures. Vol. 2. Academic Press, Inc., London.
Ramsey J. and Huber, M. 2000. The Techniques of Modern Structural Geology :
Applications of Continuum Mechanics in Structural Geology. Vol. 3. Elsevier
Academic Press, Inc., California.
Cox, A. and Hart, R.B. 1986. Plate Tectonics : How It Works. Blacwell Scienific
Publications, Inc., California.
Trouw, R.A.J. and Passchier, C.W. 1996. Microtectonics. Springer Verlag Berlin
Heidelberg, Germany.
DLL.

Universitas Bangka Belitung

Jurusan Teknik Pertambangan

Pokok Bahasan :
V Identifikasi Struk. Geologi (P.10-11)
a. Pengukuran dan analisis
struktur geologi
II Tektonika & Orogenesa (P.2-3)
b.
Analisis
geofisika struktur
a. Tektonik lempeng
geologi
b. Orogenesa
I Pendahuluan (P.1)

III Gaya, Tegangan, Strain &

Deformasi (P.4-5)
a. Gaya & Tegangan
b. Strain & Deformasi

VI Aplikasi Struk. Geologi (P.12-13)

a. Mineralisasi
b. Migas
c. Kebencanaan geologi

IV Struktur Geologi (P.6-9)

a. Unsur struktur
b. Lipatan
c. Kekar
d. Sesar

VII Geologi Struk. Indonesia (P.14)

a. Umum
b. Sumatra&Jawa
c. Bangka Belitung

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I. STRAIN
Strain describes the changes of points in a body
relative to each other; it describes the distortion of a
body.

Pluijm & Marshak (2004)

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HOMOGENEOUS STRAIN
STRAIN ELLIPSOID

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AND

THE

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COAXIAL AND NON-COAXIAL STRAIN

ACCUMULATION

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THE MOHR CIRCLE FOR STRAIN

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STRAIN STATES

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Elastic Behavior

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Confining Pressure

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Temperature

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Pore-Fluid Pressure

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II. DEFORMASI
Deformation describes the collective displacements
of points in a body; in other words, it describes the
complete transformation from the initial to the final
geometry of a body.
Deformation is described by:
1. Translation
2. Rotation
3. Distortion
4. Dilation
Pluijm & Marshak (2004)

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Brittle Deformation
The permanent change that occurs in a solid material
due to the growth of fractures and/ or due to sliding on
fractures. Brittle deformation only occurs when
stresses exceed a critical value, and thus only after a
rock has already undergone some elastic and/or
plastic behavior.

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Rocks that respond brittlely to stress

break. Where a rock breaks and no
movement takes place is called a
fracture or joint.

Fractures in the shallow crust are

commonly evidenced by quartz
veins, where fluid once flowed and
later crystallized.

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Ex : Faults
A fracture along which movement takes place is a fault.

acute angle =
hanging wall
la
lt p
u
a
f

obtuse angle =
foot wall

ne

We classify faults based on direction of movement of

individual blocks, with reference to a horizontal plane.

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Ductile Deformation
A general term for the response of a solid material to
stress such that the rock appears to flow
mesoscopically like a viscous fluid. In a material that
has deformed ductilely, strain is distributed, i.e., strain
develops without the formation of mesoscopic
discontinuities in the material. Ductile behavior can
involve brittle (cataclastic flow) or plastic deformation
mechanisms.

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Ductile and Brittle Deformation Features

Ductile

Brittle

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Composite Brittle + Ductile Features

Many deformation structures are composite in nature.
Fold belts (compressional) commonly contain
numerous reverse faults.

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Brittle + Ductile Features (small scale)

A vein such as this may have formed in a fracture, but
subsequent ductile deformation caused its wiggly appearance.

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Terima Kasih

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