Harrison M300 & T300 Lathes Guide

Harrison M300 & T300 lathes
10/01/16, 14:31
email: tony@lathes.co.uk
Home Machine Tool Archive Machine-tools Sale & Wanted
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HARRISON M300 & T300 Lathes

A Operation & Maintenance Manual and Parts List is available for this lathe
M250 M300 M350 & 390 M400 M450 Harrison 10AA (Chipmaster)
M500 VS330 (Export Model "AA") Older Harrison Models
First manufactured in 1971, and still in production 45 years later to meet a continuous
demand for a rugged, simple-to-operate and reliable centre lathe, the M300 is a very
compact machine yet, with a centre height of 167 mm (69/16") and a capacity between
centres of either 635 mm 1000 mm (25" or 40"), offers a useful turning capacity. A
T300 training version was also listed (though is no longer made); oddly, this was
produced in two distinct versions: one based on the M250 with the centre height
increased and the other on the ordinary M300. Both were listed with, as standard, an
all-metric screwcutting gearbox or screwcutting by changewheels and often (but not
always) with the M250-based version fitted with a motor rated at 0.9 kW, compared to
the 1.6 kW specified for the M300 type. The "T" model is easily recognised by
distinctive badges and, on the M250 model, by a leadscrew and powershaft safety cover
arranged to slide on a rail held on brackets bolted to the headstock and tailstock ends on
the bed.
Induction hardened as standard, the bed can be ordered either straight or with a
detachable gap (in both lengths) able, in the latter case, to accept a piece of material up
to 480 mm (19") in diameter and 115 mm (4.5") thick. Most models have 12 spindle
speeds arranged in geometrical progression (in a ratio of 1.46) from 40 to 2500 rpm
driven (on the English market) by a fan-cooled 2.2 kW (3 h.p.) 3-phase 1500 rpm
motor; however, a number of lathes are known to have left the factory fitted with a 1phase 1.1 kW (1.5 h.p.) 230 volt motor; this very much less powerful unit made a
considerable differences to the spindle speeds: the bottom dropped from to 20 r.p.m.
and the top to a far less useful 1250 r.p.m. (the full range being: 20, 28, 42, 68, 90, 130,
185, 270, 400, 600, 850 and 1250 r.p.m.)
Continued below:
Harrison M300 - circa 1986 model

Continued:
The spindle, which runs in Gamet Super-precision opposed-thrust roller bearings, has a generous
38 mm (1.5") bore and is equipped with a hardened and ground No. 4 D-1 Camlock nose and a
No. 5 Morse-taper socket. The headstock gears, all induction-hardened, run in a simple splash oil
bath and are moved by two rather short levers on the front face of the headstock; as a safety
measure the levers have to be pushed in before they can be turned and their finish, which is far
too smooth, can make them difficult to operate with oily hands. Early series lathes were fitted
with a headstock gear-selector drum in "Delrin" which distorted, preventing movement of the
selector forks. The fault was quickly recognised by the makers and a replacement drum (part:
303-039) made available in metal. Screwcutting is provided through a well-supported, ballthrust-equipped 28 mm (1.125") diameter leadscrew, of 6 mm pitch or 4 t.p.i., that is engaged
only for threading (a thread-dial indicator is part of the standard equipment) with a separate
power-shaft driving the sliding and surfacing feeds. Surprisingly, for a lathe often found in
training workshops, the leadscrew is not protected by a cover as on the M250, but there are
torque-limiting clutches on both the leadscrew and powershaft - though earlier models were
protected by a limiter on the powershaft with just a mild-steel shear-pin through the splined shaft
of the top changewheel stud to prevent over-load damage to the leadscrew. Both systems are
adequate enough to militate the damage that might otherwise be caused by the over-ambitious
cuts often set up by apprentices or - if one dare one say it - the over-enthusiastic amateur.
In comparison with earlier Harrison screwcutting gearboxes the "Universal" unit fitted to the
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M300 is a considerable improvement and capable of reliably transmitting much great torque.
Formed from a one-piece casting it is completely enclosed and holds induction-hardened gears
driven by changewheels that have included, over the years, one or more non-metallic
intermediates to promote quite running. Controlled by three levers and an 8-position rotary dial
the box will generate both English and metric threads: 35 Inch pitches from 2 to 56 t.p.i and 39
metric pitches from 0.2 to 14 mm. By the use of additional changewheels 18 Module pitches
from 0.3 to 3.5 MOD and 18 Dimetral pitches from 8 to 56 DP can also be obtained. The range
of power sliding feeds varies from 0.03 mm to 1 mm per revolution of the spindle in metric
mode and from 0.001" to 0.040" in English; the power cross feed rate is arranged to be half the
sliding rate. The box runs in an oil bath (a level window is fitted on the front face) with the lower
gears distributing the oil by splash.
Fitted on either the left or right of the apron (to the customer's choice) the carriage traverse
handwheel can be disengaged when using power feeds. The double-wall apron carries a supply
of lubricant in its base (with a level window let into the headstock-end face) that can be
distributed to the bed and cross slide by a simple hand-operated plunger pump. Feeds are
engaged by a traditional push-pull plunger and engaged and disengaged a very light-action,
flick-up-and-down lever the operation of which is not affected by the how hard the lathe is
working.
Fitted with feed screws carrying twin ball-thrust races, that for the cross slide on early models
had a nut closed by a wedge (in common with many conventional lathes made by the 600 Group)
to allow the elimination of backlash - though when the assembly is badly worn this arrangement
can disguise the imminent failure of the threads. Later machines were modified and the nut made
solid--the change also affecting the design of the cross-feed screw, The satin-chrome finish
micrometer dials are sensibly large with especially clear graduations with that on the cross slide
arranged as a "direct-reading" type to shows the amount taken off the diameter rather than the
radius of a workpiece. Whilst the top slide has a traditional screw-adjusted gib-strip, the fulllength cross slide is fitted with a tapered type and the cross and top slides, as well as the saddle,
are equipped with locking screws.
Carefully thought out, the specification of the heavily constructed, set-over tailstock was very
user-friendly - with especially long and easy-to-use locking handles fitted with gently tapered
and consequently comfortable handgrips. The 42-mm diameter quill, marked with inch, metric
(and sometimes both graduations) is fitted with a ball thrust bearing, a micrometer graduated
collar and accepts a No. 3 Morse taper of the tang type with, usefully, a drift slot provided to aid
its removal. As a final touch, tailstocks on later versions of the M300 carry felt bed wipers to
help reduce the inevitable wear to the front section of the sole plate.
Electrical stop, start and reverse of the spindle is by a "third-rod" system controlled by a lever
attached to, and moving with, the apron. Both the electrical isolator and coolant pump switch are
mounted on the left-hand face of the stand - the latter a unit that is well made and supplied with a
chip tray, splash-back and locking tool cupboard as standard. Although safety equipment has
varied during a long production run most machines have a useful "power-on" light, a rather small
headstock-mounted, mushroom-headed emergency stop button, a long, foot-operated (and very
powerful) spindle-brake and "motor-off" bar and electrical interlocking of the changewheel
guard. The electrical system is built into the left-hand end of the stand and accessible thorough a
door equipped with an interlocked isolating switch that can, for additional security, be padlocked
in the off position.
Although of an excellent mechanical specification equipment provided as standard with the
M300 has generally been sparse: a single toolpost, drive plate, a 5 to 3 Morse adaptor bush for
the headstock spindle (often missing on used machines), 2 No. 3 Morse centres, spanners, keys,
oil gun, final inspection chard and a handbook and parts list. An M300 weighs about 583 Kg
(1288 lbs) in short-bed form and 685 Kg (1512 lbs) as a long-bed model..
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Harrison M300
saddle and compound slide rest detail. Centralised lubrication is fitted, activated by the
button on the bottom right hand side of the apron. The lathe shown is fitted with the
optional dual English and Metric micrometer dials. As is not uncommon, the photographer
has put the toolpost in the one position to be avoided when taking the first cut ..
The cross and top slides are identical to those used on the later Colchester 1800, 2000 and
2500 series Student and Master lathes
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Headstock end of an M300 with the changewheel cover removed

and the electrical-control and distribution panel door open.
The 38 mm (1.5") bore 5 Morse-taper spindle was fitted

with a hardened and ground No. 4 D-1 Camlock nose
and ran on Gamet Super-precision bearings; the
headstock was lubricated by oil splash. The speed-
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control levers had a finish that was far too smooth

making them difficult to operate with oily hands.
Simple, neatly laid-out and clear screwcutting chart
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Gears in the screwcutting and feeds' gearbox were all induction

hardened and ground with the threading and feed ranges selected
by three levers and an 8-position rotary dial. A total of 39 metric,
35 English, 18 Module and 18 Diametrical pitches could be
achieved by moving the control levers and either rearranging the
standard changewheel set - or employing the extra non-metallic
(hence quiet-running) gears that were supplied with the machine
in order for it to achieve its full threading range. The two large
cylinders on the end of the shafts protruding through the side of
the apron housed the leadscrew and powershaft overload clutches.
Pagina 6 di 13
10/01/16, 14:31
email: tony@lathes.co.uk
Home Machine Tool Archive Machine-tools Sale & Wanted
Machine Tool Manuals Catalogues Belts Books Accessories
HARRISON M300 & T300 Lathes

A Operation & Maintenance Manual and Parts List is available for this lathe
M250 M300 M350 & 390 M400 M450
M500 VS330 (Export Model "AA") Older Harrison Models Harrison 10AA (Chipmaster)
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