TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

OS notes

Solaris 2.0-2.6, 7, 8, 9
(SunOS 5.*)
SVR4-based

By IBM, with input from System

V, BSD, etc. etc. Runs mainly on
Hewlett-Packard.
IBM RS/6000 and related
hardware.

IRIX

Linux

SGI. SVR4-based

(rh) = Red Hat,

Mandrake, Suse,...
(deb) = Debian, Libranet,...
(mand) = Mandrake
(SuSE) = SuSE
(rh, FC2+, RHEL4+) systemconfig*
(rh) redhat-config*
linuxconf (obsolete)
(SuSE) yast2
(deb) dpkg-reconfigure
(mand) drakconf

administrative GUI

solstice
admintool
smc (8 01/01+)

smit
smitty
wsm

sam

/usr/sysadm/bin/sysmgr
(6.3+)
toolchest
/usr/Cadmin/bin/*

managing users

useradd
userdel
usermod
/usr/sadm/bin/smuser (9+)
groupadd

lsuser
mkuser
chuser
rmuser

useradd
userdel
usermod

/usr/sysadm/privbin/
addUserAccount
passmgmt
/usr/Cadmin/bin/cpeople

useradd
userdel
adduser

TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

list hardware configuration

prtconf -v
/usr/platform/`uname -i`/
sbin/prtdiag -v (sun4u and sun4d
only)
arch -k
prtconf
psrinfo -v
lscfg
isainfo -v
lsattr
dmesg
lsdev
iostat -En
prtfru
cfgadm -l
/etc/path_to_inst

ioscan
dmesg (if you're lucky)
adb
model
stm (from the SupportPlus CDROM) hinv
bdf (like most vendors' df)
getconf
machinfo (11.23+)
print_manifest

show/set
EEPROM/NVRAM
values

eeprom

bootlist -o -m normal

setboot
stm

nvram
printenv/setenv (at
command monitor)

/dev/nvram (if you have it)

hwclock
nvsetenv

devfsadm. pre-Solaris 7 HW
11/99, use:

cfgmgr -v

ioscan -fnCdevtype;
insf -Cdevtype

scsiha -pr
ioconfig -f /hw

modprobe
kerneld

add device without reboot

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India

dmesg (if you're lucky)

/proc/*
lshw
dmidecode
lspci
lspnp
lsusb
lsmod
(SuSE) hwinfo

drvconfig; devlinks; {disks,

tapes, ports}

scsiadminswap
-b bus -p

insmod
hotplug
cardctl

tape device

/dev/rmt/0

/dev/rmt0

/dev/rmt/0m

/dev/tape
/dev/nrtape

/dev/st0

stdin/ stdout/ stderr

/dev/fd/[012]

/dev/fd/[012]

/dev/fd/[012]

X kvm config

kdmconfig (x86)
fbconfig; m64config; (etc.)

itemap

/usr/bin/X11/xsetmon
/usr/gfx/setmon

xf86config
XFree86 -configure
redhat-config-xfree86
/etc/X11/?dm

TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

read a disk label

prtvtoc

lspv -l

diskinfo
pvdisplay

prtvtoc

fdisk -l

whole disk in partition

N/A

10

/dev/hda (e.g. if /dev/hda1

is a partition)

label a disk

format
prtvtoc
(x86) fdisk

mkvg

pvcreate

dvhtool
fx -x

cfdisk
fdisk
e2label

partition a disk

format
fmthard

mklv

lvcreate
sam

fx

parted (if you have it)

fdisk
pdisk (on a MAC)
(deb) mac-fdisk (on a MAC)
(mand) diskdrake

TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

kernel

/kernel/genunix
/platform/`uname -m`/
kernel/unix
/platform/`uname -m`/
kernel/sparcv9/unix (7+)

/unix

/hpux (9)
/stand/vmunix (10+)

/unix

/boot/vmlinuz*
/boot/bootlx
(see /etc/lilo.conf or
/boot/grub/menu.lst)

show/set kernel parameters

sysdef
getconf
cat /etc/system
ndd
adb -k

/usr/samples/kernel/vmtune
(installed with the bos
adt.samples fileset)
/usr/sbin/no (network-related)

sam
sysdef
kmtune (11+)
kctune (11.23+)
getconf

systune

/proc/*
/proc/sys/*
sysctl
/etc/sysctl.conf

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India

installboot /usr/platform/
`uname -m`
/lib/fs/ufs/bootblk
raw_device_file

bosboot -a

mkboot

dvhtool

(rh) mkbootdisk
(deb) fdisk -A
(and lilo to manipulate mbr)

/etc/rc*

/etc/rc* (9)
/etc/rc.config.d (preferred)
/sbin/rc* (10+)
/sbin/init.d/

/etc/rc*
/etc/init.d/

/etc/rc* (but may vary)

/etc/init.d/

0: firmware monitor
s,S: single-user
run levels 1
1: sys admin
*=normal states
2: multiuser
for more detail
3*: share NFS
see
4*: user-defined
www.phildev.net/runlevels.html
5: power-down if possible
6: reboot

2: multiuser
6: reboot

0: shut down
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2: multiuser
3*: share NFS
4*: start GUI
5: user-defined
6: user-defined

0: power-down
s,S: single-user
1: sys admin
2: multiuser (no NFS)
3*: multiuser
4: user-defined
5: firmware monitor

show runlevel 1

who -r

who -r

who -r

who -r

/sbin/runlevel

time zone info

/usr/share/lib/zoneinfo/

/etc/environment ($TZ)

/usr/lib/tztab

/usr/lib/locale/TZ/
/etc/TIMEZONE

/usr/share/zoneinfo/

make disk bootable

startup scripts

check swap space

/etc/rc*
/etc/init.d/

swap -s
swap -l

lsps -a

swapinfo
HP-UX

(set in /etc/inittab)
0: halt
s,S,1: vendor-dependent
1: single-user
2-5*: multiuser
6: reboot

swap -s
swap -l

swapon -s
cat /proc/meminfo
cat /proc/swaps
free

IRIX

Linux

efs, xfs

ext2
ext3
ReiserFS

TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

"normal" filesystem

ufs

jfs

volume-based filesystem

Solstice DiskSuite
VxVM ($)

jfs

jfs (vxfs)
LVM
VxVM ($)

xlv, xvm, xfs

LVM, LVM2
EVMS
VxVM ($)

/etc/filesystems

/etc/checklist
(9)
/etc/fstab
(10+)

/etc/fstab

/etc/fstab

file system
description

/etc/vfstab (local)

hfs
vxfs (11.0+)

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India

volume manipulation

meta*
(Solstice DiskSuite;
Solaris Volume Mgr (9+))
(7-, found in
/usr/opt/SUNWmd/
sbin/)
/opt/VRTSvxva/bin/vxva
(Veritas Volume Mgr) ($)

smitty vg
smitty lvm
smitty jfs
mkvg; chvg; rmvg
mklv; chlv; rmlv
mkfs; crfs; rmfs

vg*; lv*; pv*

extendfs
fsadm

xlv_mgr
xvm

e2fsadm
lvcreate
lvremove
lvextend

create filesystem

newfs
mkfs

crfs

mkfs
newfs

mkfs

mke2fs
mkreiserfs
mkdosfs

file system debugging and

recovery

fsck
fsdb
clri

dfsck
fsck
fsdb

fsck
fsdb

fsck
fsdb
clri
xfs_repair

fsck
debugfs
e2undel

lmktemp

prealloc

mkfile

dd if=/dev/zero of=filename
bs=1024k count=desired

(see man mediad)

(mounts automatically
when CD inserted)

mount /mnt/cdrom
(deb) mount /cdrom

create non-0-length empty file mkfile

mount CDROM

/etc/init.d/vold start; volcheck or mount -v cdrfs -o ro

mount -F hsfs -o ro
/dev/cd0 /cdrom
/dev/dsk/c0t6d0s2 /cdrom
smitty cdrom

pfs_mountd
pfsd
pfs_mount
mount /dev/dsk/cxtydz
/SD_CDROM
mount -orr /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
(requires "Rock Ridge extension"
patches, 11+)

create/mount ISO image

mkisofs;cdrecord;mount

mkisofs
mount -o loop pathToIso
mountPoint

ACL management

getfacl
setfacl

aclget
aclput
acledit
ls -e

lsacl
chacl
getacl
setacl

chacl
(see man acl)

getfacl
setfacl

TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India

NFS share definitions

/etc/dfs/dfstab
dfshares

/etc/exports
/etc/xtab

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

/etc/exports

NFS share command

share
shareall

exportfs -a

exportfs -a

exportfs -a

/etc/init.d/nfs-server reload
(rh) exportfs -a

NFS information

showmount
nfsstat

nfsstat

mount | grep nfs

cat /proc/mounts

name resolution order

/etc/nsswitch.conf
getent

/etc/netsvc.conf

/etc/nsswitch.conf

6+: /etc/nsswitch.conf
5.3: /etc/resolv.conf

/etc/nsswitch.conf
/etc/resolv.conf

show network interface info

ndd
ifconfig -a
netstat -in
(8+) kstat -n hme0 | egrep
'ifspeed|duplex'

ifconfig -a
no -a
netstat -i
netstat -v
lsattr -E -l entX

lanadmin
landiag
lanscan
netstat -in
ifconfig lanx

ifconfig -a
netstat -ia

ifconfig
ethtool
(rh) redhat-config-network
(fedora) system-confignetwork
(rh) edit: /etc/hosts,
/etc/sysconfig/network,
/etc/sysconfig/
network-scripts/
ifcfg-eth0
(deb) edit
/etc/network/interfaces;
/etc/init.d/networking
restart

change IP

edit: /etc/{resolv.conf, hosts,

hostname.*, netmasks,
nodename,
dumpadm.conf, net/*/hosts}
sys-unconfig; reboot

smitty chinet
chdev -a netaddr=
newIP -I en#

/sbin/set_parms initial
ifconfig

edit: /etc/{hosts,
sys_id,
resolv.conf,
TIMEZONE},
/etc/config/
{static-route.options,
ifconfig-1.options};
reboot

start DHCP client

ifconfig interface dhcp

dhcpcd

ping one packet

ping hostname packetsize 1

ping -c 1 hostname

ping hostname 10 1 (9)

ping hostname -n 1 (10+)

ping -c 1 hostname

ping -c 1 hostname

sniff network

snoop

iptrace
ipreport

nettl
netfmt

snoop
tcpdump

etherfind
tcpdump
ethereal
etherape

route definitions

/etc/defaultrouter

netstat -r

/etc/rc.config.d/netconf

/etc/config/

route

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India

/etc/notrouter
/etc/gateways
in.routed
netstat -r
route add

smitty route

netstat -r

static-route.options

(rh) /etc/sysconfig/network
(rh) /etc/sysconfig/staticroutes
(deb) /etc/init.d/network
(deb) /etc/network

telnetd, ftpd banner

/etc/default/telnetd
/etc/default/ftpd

/etc/security/login.cfg

/etc/inetd.conf (telnet)

/etc/issue

/etc/issue.net (telnet)
(ftp varies; can use tcp
wrappers)

TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

/etc/shadow

/etc/shadow (may vary)

/etc/default/login

/etc/securetty

encrypted passwords in

/etc/shadow

/etc/security/passwd

/etc/passwd (not Trusted)

/.secure/etc/passwd (Trusted 9)
/tcb/files/auth/
(10+)
/etc/shadow (11.22+)

allow/deny root
logins

/etc/default/login

/etc/security/user

/etc/securetty

firewall config

(9+) /usr/aset/

/etc/opt/ipf/ipf.conf

/etc/ipf.conf

iptables
ipchains
ipfwadm
(rh) redhat-configsecuritylevel

TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

show installed software

pkginfo
prodreg
admintool
/var/sadm/install/contents

lslpp -L

versions
showfiles
showprods

(rh) rpm -a -i
(rh) rpm -qa
(rh) yum list installed
(deb) dselect
(deb) aptitude
(deb) dpkg -l

add software

pkgadd

smitty install_all
smitty installp
/usr/lib/instl/sm_inst
installp_cmd -a
-d 'device' '-c' '-N' '-g' '-X'

swinstall

inst
swmgr

(rh) rpm -hiv

(rh) yum install pkg
(deb) dselect
(deb) apt-get install pkg
(deb) dpkg -i

precompiled binaries of
GPLware and freeware

www.sunfreeware.com
www.blastwave.org

hpux.cs.utah.edu
hpux.connect.org.uk

freeware.sgi.com
www.sgi.com/fun

rmfn, what (HP-UX 9)

swlist (HP-UX 10+)

www-1.ibm.com/servers/
aix/products/aixos/linux/
download.html

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India

www.linux.org
linux.tucows.com
sourceforge.net

aixpdslib.seas.ucla.edu/
aixpdslib.html
bullfreeware.com

rpmfind.net
(deb) ftp.debian.org
(deb) packages.debian.org

/usr/ibmcxx/bin/cc

/opt/softbench/bin/cc ($)
/bin/cc (9)
/usr/bin/cc (10+; not ANSI; kernel
builder only)

/opt/MIPSpro/
bin/cc ($)
/usr/bin/cc

gcc

instfix -ivq
oslevel -r

swlist -l product |
grep PHsomeString

versions -b | grep patch

(6.4-)
uname -R (6.5+)

(rh) rpm -q
(deb) dpkg -s

update (9)
swinstall (10+)

inst
swmgr

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
(rh) up2date
(rh) yum update
(mand) urpmi

dump -H
ldd

chatr
ldd (11+)
kmadmin

ldd
rld
_RLD_LIST

ldconfig
ldd
lsmod

$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$RLD*_PATH

$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/etc/ld.so.conf

C compiler

/opt/SUNWspro/
bin/cc ($)

show patch level

and/or patches

showrev -p
prodreg (2.6+)
patchadd -p

patch tool

installpatch (2.5.1-)
patchadd (2.6+)
pkgadd
/usr/sadm/bin/smpatch (9+)

installp
smitty update_all

configure/show
runtime linking
fortran-2000.com/
ArnaudRecipes/
sharedlib.html

crle
ldd
pldd
modinfo
LD_PRELOAD

link library path

$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

$LIBPATH

$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
(64-bit)
$SHLIB_PATH
(32- or 64-bit)

tracing utility

truss
sotruss
dtrace (10+)

trace
syscalls
truss
watch

trace (freeware)
tusc (11+, freeware)

par
prfstat

strace
ltrace

define user defaults

/etc/default/login
/etc/profile
/etc/security/

/etc/security/
mkuser.default
/etc/environment

/etc/default
/etc/PATH
/etc/MANPATH
/etc/default/*

/etc/default/login
/etc/profile

/etc/profile
/etc/security/
/etc/skel/

csh global .login

/etc/.login

/etc/csh.login

/etc/cshrc

/etc/csh.login

default syslog and messages

/var/adm/messages
/var/log/syslog

/var/adm/syslog
/var/adm/messages

/var/adm/syslog/syslog.log
/var/adm/sulog
/var/spool/mqueue/syslog

/var/adm/SYSLOG
/var/adm/sulog

/var/log/syslog
/var/log/messages
/usr/adm/messages

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India

/var/log/maillog
sysmon
amsyslog
availmon
eventmond
imdmonitor
syserrpanel

dmesg
(deb) reportbug

system error reporting tool

prtdiag

errpt

dmesg
sysdiag (9 and early10)
stm/cstm/mstm/xstm (10.20+)
EMS (from support CD)

performance monitoring

sar; iostat; kstat;

mpstat; netstat; nfsstat;
prstat; trapstat; vmstat; ptree

ftp://ftp.software.ibm.com/
aix/tools/perftools/perfpmr
vmstat; iostat; sar; filemon;
topas; trace; svmon; netpmon

top; sar; vmstat;

iostat; nfsstat; netstat;
uustat; Glance($)

pcp; dkstat; pmkstat;

sar; osview; gr_osview;
ecstats; linkstat; netstat;
nfsstat; nfsvis; nodevis;
routervis; nstats; top

vmstat
procinfo -D

procfiles (5.2+, files only)

fuser

lsof
netstat -atup

match process to file or port

fuser
lsof2
pfiles

TASK \ OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

FAQs (see also faqs.org)

www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/
FAQ/
www.faqs.org/faqs/Solaris2/
x86/FAQ/
www.stokely.com/
unix.sysadm.resources/
faqs.sun.html

www.faqs.org/faqs/
aix-faq/part1/
preamble.html

www.faqs.org/faqs/
hp/hpux-faq/preamble.html

techpubs.sgi.com/library/
tpl/cgi-bin/browse.cgi?
coll=0650
&db=FAQ

www.linuxdoc.org/
FAQ/Linux-FAQ
www.debian.org/doc/
FAQ

mailing list

sun-managers@sunmanagers
.org (majordomo)

AIX-L@pucc.
princeton.edu
(LISTSERV)

hpux-admin@
dutchworks.nl
(majordomo)

www.linumanagers
.org
www.linux.org/
help/lists.html

mailing list archives

www.sunmanagers.org/
archives.html
www.latech.
edu/sunman.html

www.marist.
edu/htbin/wlvindex?
ADSM-L
marc.theaimsgroup.com/
?l=aix-l&r=1&w=2

www.dutch
works.nl/
htbin/hpsysadmin

www.linuxmanagers.org/
pipermail/linuxmanagers
lists.debian.org

man pages
www.freebsd.org/
cgi/man.cgi

docs.sun.com/
app/docs/
coll/40.10

publib.boulder.ibm.com/
infocenter/pseries/
v5r3/index.jsp?
topic=/com.ibm.aix.doc/

docs.hp.com/en/hpuxman_pages.html techpubs.sgi.com/
hpuxman_pages.html
library/tpl/cgibin/browse.cgi?
coll=&db=man

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India

www.linuxmanpages.com/
Fedora Core 4:
linuxcommand.org/
superman_pages.php

infocenter/base/
alphabeticallistofcommands.htm

www.tldp.org/docs.html#man

newsgroup(s)
groups.google

comp.sys.sun.
admin, comp.unix.solaris

comp.unix.aix
www.thp.uni-duisburg.de/
cuaix/cuaix.html

comp.sys.hp.hpux

comp.sys.sgi.admin

comp.os.linux.* (esp .answers)

user groups

www.userblue.org

www.interex.org

www.debianhelp.org

magazines

www.sunworld.com
sun.com/sun-on-net/itworld

www.developer.
ibm.com/library/aixpert

www.hpchronicle.com
www.interex.org/hpuxusr
www.hppro.com

www.sgi.com/support/
pipeline.html

www.linuxjournal.com
www.linux-mag.com
www.debianplanet.org

vendor home page

sun.com/solaris
sun.com/bigadmin
sun.com/developers/support
soldc.sun.com
access1.sun.com

unix.hp.com

www.sgi.com/software/
software.html#IRIX

www.linux.org
www.redhat.com
www.debian.org

docs.hp.com
itrc.hp.com

techpubs.sgi.com
www.sgi.com/
support/patch_intro.html www.linuxdoc.org/
support.sgi.com
rpmfind.net/linux/RPM
relnotes
grelnotes

www.developer.ibm.com/
tech/map/aixrm.html

vendor docs and patches (see

also man pages)

docs.sun.com
sunsolve.sun.com

www.redbooks.ibm.com
techsupport.services.
ibm.com/
server/support?
view=pSeries

vendor phone (US)

800-USA-4SUN

AIX: 800-237-5511
IBM hardware:
800-426-7378

800-633-3600

800-800-4SGI

TASK / OS

Solaris

AIX

HP-UX

IRIX

Linux

Ganesh Nalawade
System Administrator

Ford Information Technology Services India