EM102 Topic 1

EM102 Engineering Statics
1.
Introduction
2.
Force vectors
3.
Rigid bodies
4.
Equilibrium of rigid bodies
5.
Structural analysis
6.
Friction
7.
Distribution of forces
Dr. Elango Natarajan

Assistant Professor
Aug 2015
Statics, Fourteenth Edition
R.C. Hibbeler
Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

All rights reserved.
References
ENGINEERING MECHANICS/STATICS (12th Edition), by R.C. Hibbler.

Prentice Hall. 2010.
VECTOR MECHANICS FOR ENGINEER: STATICS, by F.P. Beer, E.R.
Johnston. McGraw Hill. 2012.

R.C. Hibbeler

EM102 Engineering Statics
Topic 1: Introduction
Fundamental concepts,
unit of measurements,
procedure for analysis,
numerical accuracy.

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MECHANICS, UNITS, NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS &

GENERAL PROCEDURE FOR ANALYSIS
Todays Objectives:
Students will be able to:
In-Class activities:
a) Explain mechanics/statics.
Reading Quiz
b) Work with two types of units.
c) Round the final answer appropriately. What is Mechanics?
System of Units
d) Apply problem-solving strategies.
Numerical Calculations
Concept Quiz
Problem-Solving Strategy
Attention Quiz

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WHAT IS MECHANICS?
Study of what happens to a thing (the technical name is
BODY) when FORCES are applied to it.
Either the body or forces can be large or small.

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Recap
Load or Force - a push or pull exerted by a body.
Types of loads static load and dynamic load

Stress - pressure or tension exerted on a
material or object.
Strain the relative change occurred due to the
application of force on a body or object.

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Recap
Modulus of elasticity
Stiffness

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BRANCHES OF MECHANICS
Mechanics
Rigid Bodies
(Things that do not change shape)
Statics
Dynamics

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Deformable Bodies
(Things that do change shape)
Fluids
Incompressible
Compressible

Rigid body
Rigid body can be considered as a combination of

large number of particles in which all the particles
remain at a fixed distance from one another both
before and after applying a load.
The deformation of such bodies is very small.

Machines, mechanisms are considered to be rigid
bodies.
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Statics & Dynamics
Statics deals with the equilibrium of bodies that are
either rest or move with a constant velocity.
Dynamics is concerned with the accelerated motion

of bodies.

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READING QUIZ
1. The subject of mechanics deals with what happens to a body
when ______ is/are applied to it.
A) a magnetic field
B) heat
C) forces
D) neutrons
E) lasers
2. ________________ still remains the basis of most of todays

engineering sciences.
A) Newtonian Mechanics
B) Relativistic Mechanics
C) Greek Mechanics
C) Euclidean Mechanics

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UNITS OF MEASUREMENT
(Section 1.3)
Four fundamental physical quantities (or dimensions).
Length
Mass
Time
Force
Newtons 2nd Law relates them: F = m a
We use this equation to develop systems of units.

Units are arbitrary names we give to the physical quantities.
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UNIT SYSTEMS
Force, mass, time and acceleration are related by Newtons
2nd law. Three of these are assigned units (called base units)
and the fourth unit is derived. Which one is derived varies by
the system of units.
We will work with two unit systems in statics:
International System (SI)

U.S. Customary (USCS)

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Table 1-1 in the textbook summarizes these unit systems.

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COMMON CONVERSION FACTORS

Work problems in the units given unless otherwise instructed!
Can you convert a force value of 47 lb into SI units?

Answer is 209.06 N

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THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS

(Section 1.4)
No plurals (e.g., m = 5 kg, not kgs )

Separate units with a (e.g., meter second = m s )
Most symbols are in lowercase.
Key exceptions are N, Pa, M and G.

Exponential powers apply to units, e.g., cm cm = cm2
Compound prefixes should not be used.
Table 1-3 in the textbook shows prefixes used in the SI
system
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Table 13 shows some of the prefixes used

in the SI system.

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DIMENSION
Dimension is a measure of physical quantity without numerical values.
Example: Length, Area, Diameter, Weight

Unit is a way to assign a number to the dimension.
Example: mm, kg.

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NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS
(Section 1.5)
Must have dimensional homogeneity. Dimensions have to
be the same on both sides of the equal sign, (e.g. distance =
speed time.)
Use an appropriate number of significant figures (3 for
answer, at least 4 for intermediate calculations). Why?
Be consistent when rounding off.
- greater than 5, round up (3528 3530)
- smaller than 5, round down (0.03521 0.0352)
- equal to 5, see your textbook for an explanation.
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CONCEPT QUIZ
1. Evaluate the situation in which mass (kg), force (N), and
length (m) are the base units and recommend one of the
following.
A) A new system of units will have to be formulated.
B) Only the unit of time have to be changed from second to

something else.
C) No changes are required.
D) The above situation is not feasible.

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CONCEPT QUIZ (continued)

2. Give the most appropriate reason for using three significant
figures in reporting results of typical engineering calculations.
A) Historically slide rules could not handle more than three
significant figures.
B) Three significant figures gives better than one-percent
accuracy.
C) Telephone systems designed by engineers have area codes
consisting of three figures.
D) Most of the original data used in engineering calculations do
not have accuracy better than one percent.
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PROBLEM SOLVING STRATEGY

IPE: A 3-Step Approach
1. Interpret: Read carefully and determine what is given and

what is to be found/ delivered. Ask, if not clear. If
necessary, make assumptions and indicate them.
2. Plan:
Think about major steps (or a road map) that you will
take to solve a given problem.
Think of
alternative/creative solutions and choose the best one.
3. Execute: Carry out your steps. Use appropriate diagrams and

equations. Estimate your answers. Avoid simple
calculation mistakes. Reflect on and then revise
your work, if necessary.
R.C. Hibbeler

ATTENTION QUIZ
1. For a statics problem, your calculations show the final answer as
12345.6 N. What should you write as your final answer?
A) 12345.6 N
B) 12.3456 kN
D) 12.3 kN
E) 123 kN
C) 12 kN
2. In the three-step approach to problem solving called IPE,

what does P stand for?
A) Position
B) Plan
D) Practical
E) Possible

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C) Problem

example_01_01

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example_01_02

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example_01_03
continued on next slide

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example_01_03 (continued)

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EM102 Topic 1

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EM102 Engineering Statics

Equilibrium of rigid bodies

Dr. Elango Natarajan

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

ENGINEERING MECHANICS/STATICS (12th Edition), by R.C. Hibbler.

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

EM102 Engineering Statics

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

MECHANICS, UNITS, NUMERICAL CALCULATIONS &

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Load or Force - a push or pull exerted by a body.

Types of loads static load and dynamic load

application of force on a body or object.

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Rigid body can be considered as a combination of

The deformation of such bodies is very small.

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Statics & Dynamics

Statics deals with the equilibrium of bodies that are

either rest or move with a constant velocity.

Dynamics is concerned with the accelerated motion

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

2. ________________ still remains the basis of most of todays

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

We use this equation to develop systems of units.

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

International System (SI)

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Table 1-1 in the textbook summarizes these unit systems.

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

COMMON CONVERSION FACTORS

Can you convert a force value of 47 lb into SI units?

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM OF UNITS

No plurals (e.g., m = 5 kg, not kgs )

Key exceptions are N, Pa, M and G.

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Table 13 shows some of the prefixes used

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Dimension is a measure of physical quantity without numerical values.

Example: Length, Area, Diameter, Weight

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

B) Only the unit of time have to be changed from second to

Statics, Fourteenth Edition

Copyright 2016 by Pearson Education, Inc.

CONCEPT QUIZ (continued)