ISLAMIC ECONOMIC PAPERS

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

A. background
Financial crisis that hit everywhere , not least in our beloved country . The world economists are
busy looking for their causes and make every effort to recover the economy in their respective
countries . The economic crisis has caused a lot of losses , rising unemployment , rising crime,
and so on . Capitalist economic system with a system of interest is suspected as the cause of the
crisis . Islamic economic system began ogled as an alternative option , and expected to answer
the challenges of the world in the future . The Qur'an has given some examples of emphatic
about economic issues stressed that the economy is one area of concern Islam . " ( Remember )
when Shoaib said to them ( residents Thicket ) : ' Why do you not fear Him ? ' I am a messenger
who has earned the trust for you . Therefore bertaqwalah to God and ta'atilah me . I did not
demand wages from you for this invitation , my reward is only from the Lord of the whole
universe . Measure and stick to it when you do not get you be the ones who lose . Weigh the
appropriate scales . thou shalt not harms the rights of persons (other ) and do not do evil and
cause corruption on earth . " ( Qs.26 :177 - 183 )

B. benefits of Writing
1 . Students can understand the rules of the Islamic economic system and its application
procedures .

2 . Students can compare the differences between the Islamic economic system with other
economic systems .
C. problem Formulation
1 . What is the economic system of Islam ?
2 . How is the economic concept in Islam ?
3 . What are the economic fundamentals of Islam ?
4 . What is the difference between the Islamic economic system and other economic systems ?
5 . How Islamic economic system to overcome the economic crisis that hit the world today ?

CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

A. Islamic Economic System

Born economics as a scientific discipline in the course of production and consumption activities .
The economy is a human activity to meet their needs , so that then arises of economic motives ,
namely

person's

desire

to

meet

the

needs

Economic principles are the steps taken by humans to meet their needs with a certain sacrifice ,
to obtain maximum results . Economic systems used in different countries there are different
kinds , including :
Economic systems Capitalist

Capitalist economic principles are :

- Freedom has a treasure in persendirian .
- Economic freedom and free competition .
- Economic inequality .
Communist Economic System
Communist economic principles are :
-

Property

rights

over

the

means

of

production

by

the

state

- The process of running the economy on the basis of plans that have been made .
- Economic planning as planned / in the economic process to be followed .
Socialist Economic System
Socialist economic principles are :
property rights over the means of production by cooperatives unions , legal entities and other
community
economic

Government

processes

control

running

on

of

the

the

basis

tools
of

are
market

vital

products

mechanisms

.
.

economic planning as the influence and driving with a business suit the needs of the individual
with the needs of the community .
Islamic Economic System
style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-ansilanguage: EN;" lang="EN">Islamic economic system has fundamental differences with other
economic systems , where the Islamic economic system there is a moral and religious values in
every activity .
Islamic economic principles are :
- Freedom of the individual .

- The right to property .

- Social similarity .
- Social Safety .
- Prohibition accumulate wealth .
- The prohibition against anti - social institutions .
- Virtue individual in society .

B. The concept of Islamic Economics

Islam took the best rule between these two extreme views ( capitalist and communist ) and try to
establish a balance between the two ( material and spiritual ) . The success of the Islamic
economic system depends on the extent to which adjustments can be made between material
needs and spiritual needs / needed human ethics . Islam is a source of economic guidance of the
Qur'an
Qs.al

and
-

Ahzab

Sunnah
:

72

Humans

Rasul
as

being

,
bearers

namely
of

God's

in
message

:
)

Qs.Hud : 61 ( For prosperity of life on earth ) .

Qs.al - Baqarah : 30 ( On the position of honor as the vicegerent of Allah on earth ) .
The things that are not expressly provided for in the second source of Islamic teachings were
acquired its provisions by way of ijtihad .

C. Basics of Islamic Economy

Islamic teachings provide basic instructions with regard to the economic problems . Among them
:

1 . Goods and services

Goods and services produced in the Islamic economy is based on the fundamental principle in
muamalah . Namely : what are allowed , except those prohibited . This means that goods and
services produced goods and services should be lawful and not forbidden . As for the types of
goods traded illicit include:
a. Sell or buy a dog unless the dog hunters.
b . Carrion , blood , pork and beef animals slaughtered in the name of other than Allah .
c . Khamar and the like .
2 . Attention to employees
Relationship between employers and employees set the system of relationships based on respect
for the dignity of man as a noble creature gods , therefore always set preformance employment
eturan

healthy

relationship

and

mutual

respect

Labor is placed not only as a means of production limits , but are placed and valued as a human
being , therefore , laid out in a fair remuneration system based on its experience and capabilities
so that the workers can plan with clear and spur them to work to catch his performance .
In terms of this wage labor rights considered seriously by employers , even those rights can be
granted without delay . Granting rights to a fair and humane employees will have an impact on
the productivity of their work , otherwise disregard for the rights of workers spawned inevesiensi
which could hurt the company such as strikes and so on .
Similarly in the case of liability of the workers , islam teaches to do their job well and full
responsibility for the smooth progress of the company and , because of the obligation to work to
meet the needs of not only material needs , but also the duty to live as human beings , as well as
the

task

of

3 . distribution system

devotion

worship

to

God

Distribution of goods and services according to the teachings of Islam should to immediately
smooth to the hands of consumers , and there is no disadvantage because it aspects in the
distribution of goods and services is emphasized . Efforts that could harm consumers , especially
playing in prices due to irregular distribution should be kept away . Monopoly and oligopoly in
the economy is not in accordance with Islamic ajaranm , because monopoly sector will bear the
economic domination by the majority society who have big capital alone can thus be a gap
between big business and small entrepreneurs . Competition , which is unhealthy and ultimately
hurt many people . Islam teaches justice and economic equality and a level playing field , so
everyone can get the results of operations as they try . This requires a healthy business climate
also through regulation and market mechanisms , which can ensure the creation of economic
justice

4 . Satisfaction of both parties

Buying and selling the concept of Islam based on the preferences both parties to buy and sell so
that there is no feeling of regret after the sale takes place . Buying and selling da ; lam
circumstances forced or imposed by one party , either the buyer or the seller , not the manner in
accordance with the teachings of Islam . Therefore unauthorized trading under threat , fear and
compulsion . Aspects of mutual benefit and bless each other is the main characteristic of the
Islamic concept , because it's the things that interfere with the second aspect of the above is
extremely important in order to avoid the purchase of disappointment and loss .
Then the value of the foundation on which the establishment of the Islamic economic
D.
The

Prohibition
prohibitions

Prohibition
in

the

in

Trafficking

trade

according

According
to

Islam

to

Islam
are

1 . Hiding the goods disability

Hide defective merchandise is cheating should not be done . The Prophet said : " A Muslim is a
Muslim brothers with the other , is not lawful for a Muslim brother defective goods unless he
explained
2 . Oath in the sale and purchase

"

In the sale and purchase shall avoid the oath that is intended to make buyers interested or believe
da purchase of goods for sale . Because it can eliminate the oath of Allah 's blessings . Words of
the Prophet : " Stay away from buying and selling a lot of swearing in , as he would later
popularize

merchandise

obliterated

"

3 . Compete unfairly
4 . speculation
E. The difference between the Islamic economic system with other economic systems
The difference between the Islamic economic system with other economic systems are :
a. The basic assumption / basic norms and rules of the game in the process or interaction effect of
economic activity . In the Islamic economic system is the basic assumption of Islamic Shari'ah ,
overall good effect on individuals, families , community groups , businesses and authorities /
governments in meeting their needs for both physical and spiritual needs .
b . Principles of Islamic economics is the application of the principle of efficiency and benefits
while

preserving

the

natural

environment

c . Islamic economic motive is to seek their fortune in the world and in the Hereafter as
khalifatullah

with

the

worship

in

the

broadest

sense

Talking about the Islamic economic system and the capitalist economic system can not be
separated from the argument about the halal - illegitimate interest by most scholars regarded as
usury

is

forbidden

by

the

Koran

Benefits of money in various functions both as a means of exchange , a store of wealth and
supporting the transition from a barter system to the economic system of money , by the author
of Islam has been recognized , but they agree on the concept of usury to be avoided in the
economy . Interest in the banking system ( rents stelsel ) began believed by some experts as a
factor that lead to the worsening economic situation and the system of interest as a factor driving
investment and savings in the Indonesian economy , has been tested not only the best way to
overcome

the

weak

economy.

Prohibition of usury in Islam aims at fostering an economic structure that establishes that the
capital can not work by itself , and there is no benefit to capital without work and without

placing themselves at risk at all . Therefore Islam expressly declared war on usury and the
Muslim Ummah shall leave ( Qs.al - Baqarah : 278 ) , but that Islam justifies the search for profit
through commerce ( Qs.83 :1 - 6 ) .

F. Troubleshooting Agenda Economic Crisis

The implementation of the concept of Muslim economists in addressing the crisis ( especially in
Indonesia

an

outline

can

be

described

as

follows

Moral education / mental absolutely must be improved , both in the level of the per - person ,
household , community, or country . And even this moral shades should be always echoed in
every

activity

both

in

politics

berekonomi

cultured

and

so

forth

Justice evenly covering a variety of areas, including : human resource equity , distributive
justice in the implementation of the law , in the sense that each offender should get tough
sanctions .
The transparency / openness in any activities regarding the life of the nation .
Keep track of the source that caused the crisis ( what crisis tegantung ) .
Implementing Islamic economic system and remove flowering practice money .

CHAPTER III
CLOSING

Economy as one of the joints that are important to human life , by the Qur'an has been arranged
in such a way . Riba is expressly been forbidden because it is one source of the world economy
lability . The Qur'an describes it as one that can not stand upright but it swayed like a person who
possessed Shaytan .

The most important thing of all is that we should be able to restore the original function of
money as a medium of exchange / sale . Treat money as a commodity by way of charging interest
is a great sin , and those who continue to take God's prohibition of usury after arriving ,
threatened to be put into hell ( Qs.al - Baqarah : 275 ) . Establishment of Bank Muamalat
Indonesia is one example of a challenge to prove an opinion that the conception of Islam in the
monetary field can be an alternative concept .