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Aim: To analyze the given salt and identify the anion and cation present in it.
S.N
O
EXPERIMENT
OBSERVATION
INFERENCE
White
Absence of copper,
cobalt, iron, nickel,
manganese.
Absence of
carbonate.
Preliminary Test
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
COLOUR
The Colour of given
salt is noted.
APPEARANCE
The appearance of the
given salt is noted
SOLUBILITY IN WATER
A little of the given salt
is dissolved in distilled
water in a test tube
ODOUR
ANION ANALYSIS
ACTION OF
DIL.SULPHURIC ACID
To a little of the substance
taken in a test tube a few
drops of dil. Sulphuric acid
is added .
ACTION OF
CONC.SULPHURIC
ACID
To a little of the substance
taken in a test tube a few
drops of conc. Sulphuric acid
is added and warmed.
Add Cu turnings to the above
and heat again.
Crystalline
Soluble
No characteristic
odour
Absence of
Carbonate.
Absence of acetate
and ammonium salts.
No characteristic
reaction
Absence of
Carbonate,sulphite,ni
trite and sulphide.
Reddish brown
vapors are evolved.
May be nitrate or
bromide.
NO3--, Br-
Dense
Reddish brown
Nitrate is present.
NO3--
8.
9.
10
11.
12.
13.
Presence of nitrate
is confirmed.
NO3--
Absence of
ammonium
Salts.
NH4+
Absence of I group
Pb2+
Absence of II group
Cu2+
14.
15.
Presence of IV group
Zn2+,Mn2+,Co2+,Ni2+
White precipitate is
formed which is
soluble in excess
NaOH solution.
Bluish green ppt.is
formed.
Presence of Zinc is
confirmed
Zn2+
Presence of Zinc is
confirmed.
Zn2+
Result: The anion present in the given salt is Nitrate (NO3--) and cation is Zn+2.
The salt is Zinc Nitrate Zn(NO3)2.
(Please note below equations for cations and anion to be written on the blank
page of the journal with pencil.)
Equations:
Zn2+
1
.
2
.
Zn2+ + H2S
ZnS
+ 2H+
Zn2+ + 2 NaOH
Zn(OH)2 + 2Na+
Zn(OH)2 + NaOH
Na2ZnO2
3
.
Zn
NO3-- + H2SO4
2+
+ K4[Fe(CN)6]
Sodium Zincate
Zn2[Fe(CN)6]
+ 4K+
NO3-
+ 2H2O
2HNO3 + SO42--
.
4HNO3 + Cu
2
.
Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2
2NO
+ 2H2O
Brown
+ 3Fe2(SO4)3 + 4H2O
FeSO4.NO
Nitroso ferrous sulphate