SEMINAR 1

MANAGEMENT INTRODUCTION
1.1. DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE. OBJECT OF
STUDY
There are over 140 definitions of management. There can be no
universally accepted definition of management, it is both science and art practice.
Management Science has crystallized recently, through the efforts of a number of
specialists in response to urgent needs of social practice. Much of the definition
accepts that management is a process. In this respect Americans Reece and
O'Grady says that "management is a process of coordination and combination of
human, financial, and informational materials to meet the primary goal, namely to
obtain goods and services required by a particular market segment." Other
definitions accept the science of management techniques and management of
enterprise management.
Romanian literature management is defined as "science which ensures
management of all processes within economic units in all their functions, having
fore man's participation motivated to achieve objectives". Michael Dumitrescu
while designing management as "a tangible form of intellectual activity with
defined goals." Another definition is that given the A.S.E. Bucharest that
"management is the establishment and achievement of goals by achieving the
five core functions of leadership in human resources, financial and material
belonging to an organization". For the purpose of the current management has a
triple meaning:
-managing the process,
-management as a decision maker (an individual or group of individuals invested
with authority, responsibility and liability management function in an
organization),
-management as a science.
A definition of economic management is that "management is studying the
economic and management relations in the economic organizations in order to
discover legalities and principles that govern the design of new systems,
methods, techniques and management, which would ensure efficiency. "Specific
elements of science to economic management is the processes and
management relations. They are different economic, have certain special
characteristics which give management a strong specificity. By studying these
elements are found laws, principles, rules and other elements that explain the
content management. Given the applicability of management has a major role is
designing new systems and management techniques. They are tools available to
managers to increase efficiency. A specific feature is the location in the center of

investigations of man, as subject and object of management against the

objectives incumbent organization under which it is integrated.

1.2. MANAGEMENT
PRAGMATIC

SCIENCE,

ART

WORK

AND

Management is science that deals with studying the processes and

management relations in the economic organizations in order to discover
legalities and principles that govern the design of new systems, methods,
techniques and management, such as to ensure efficiency. Management is the
practice that the legitimate and practical business management principles serve.
Management Science is the practical application of scientific management.
Scientific management is a set of processes by which theoretical and
methodological elements of science are applied in social practice management.
Scientific management is a practical and concrete. He is working daily operating
managers at all hierarchical levels of economic activity. But what managers do is
scientific management, but only that part which is based on knowledge and
application of theoretical and methodological elements provided by Management
Science, the other representing an empirical management, management
developed based on experience, intuition, flair.
Management is art because it involves an art of stewardship talents of others,
that art to bring about some things with people, art of putting others to do the job.
F. Taylor say that management is "the art of knowing exactly what should be
done better and cheaper, smarter motivating human resources." Management is
the art of leading people to report inter-and multi-personal interaction that
appears as an objective necessity due to its hierarchical structures specific
company. The manager must know the next technical characteristics and specific
human resources can never be known with precision that can be known technical
and material resources.
The essence of management lies in the fact that art to shape the actions and
behavior of people and headed for the decisions. Human resources are not
automatically subject to strict laws, because one can see human motivation
(interests, aspirations, ideals) that differ in greater or lesser human behavior and
actions of the objectives pursued. Hence the strong determination of the content
management of the human factor. Therefore both the theory and management
practice becomes a dimension whose artistic expression depends on experience
and leadership skills of managers, which makes the management to be one of
the most difficult areas. As a manager must know to understand human nature,
to fail to define and solve problems in many practical situations involving people.