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ABSTRACT The rock mass classification methods such as RMR and Q system are widely
used in analysis of structure stability and support requirements of underground excavations. In
dealing with high tectonized regimes, the RMR system, predicts a lighter support in
comparison with those actually installed. To overcome this problem, the SRC system was
developed by considering some extra parameters related to geological conditions. In this
study, the SRC system employed to evaluate the stability and design of support system for
QazvinRasht railway tunnel which is situated in weak rock masses under high tectonic
stresses. The results obtained from 20 sections of tunnel, showed that supports proposed by
SRC were much closer to the reality than those proposed by RMR.
1 INTRODUCTION
Rock mass classification systems are very
useful tools to investigate the stability of
underground openings and designing support
systems. Various rock mass classification
systems such as RMR, Q, RMi and GSI had
successful applications in the preliminary
design stage of different projects (Bieniawski
1989, Barton et al. 1974, Hoek et al. 1995,
Palmstrm 2000).
Despite the widespread application of the
mentioned empirical methods, they cannot
adequately calculate stress distributions,
support performance and deformations
around the tunnels. Therefore it is necessary
to evaluate their results in comparison with
the results monitored in practice. The RMR
system is used broadly in many rocks
engineering projects and showed acceptable
results (Palmstrm 2009, Singh, B. & Goel,
R.K. 1999). The predictions of this
classification system (preliminary support
143
2 QAZVIN-RASHT RAILWAY
TUNNEL
The Qazvin-Rasht Lot 2 railway project is
located in the Qazvin province as showed in
Figure 2. This project contains 14 tunnels. In
this study the seventh tunnel with the length
of 594.8 m is considered. Tunnel has a semicircular (horseshoe) shape and its cross
section area is approximately 104 m2 (for
two rail lines), with dimensions of 12.5 m
width and 9.4 m height as shown Figure 3.
22nd International Mining Congress and Exhibition of Turkey-IMCET11 Ankara, Turkey may 11-13, 2011
22nd International Mining Congress and Exhibition of Turkey-IMCET11 Ankara, Turkey may 11-13, 2011
5.State of Stresses
4.Groundwater
3.Condithion of
Discontinuities
Range of values
>8
8-4
4-2
2-1
>250
250-100
100-50
50-25
20
15
>2
100-90
2-0.6
90-75
0.6-0.2
75-50
0.2-0.06
50-25
<0.06
<25
25
20
Slicken-sided
surfaces.
Continuous
joints. Joints
open 1-5mm.
Gouge
materials.
Slicken-sided
surfaces.
Continuous
joints. Joints
open <5mm.
Gouge
materials.
10
10-25
Occasional
seepage
25-125
Frequent
seepage
>125
Abundant
seepage
7
5-3
-5
4
<3
-10
0
-
Uniaxial
compressive
strength (MPa)
Rating
Spacing (m)
RQD (%)
15
rough
Very rough Slightly rough Slightly
surfaces.
Not
surfaces. Not surfaces. Not
Roughness
continuous
continuous
continuous
Continuous
joints.
joints. No
joints.
Separation
Separation
separation.
Separation
1mm. Soft or
Filling
Hard joint
>1mm.
wall.
Hard joint wall. weathered
joint walls.
30
25
20
Rating
Rating
Inflow per 10 m
tunnel length(1/min)
General conditions
Rating
Competence factor
Rating
Tectonic structures
Rating
Stress relief factor
Rating
Neotectonic activity
Rating
None
Dry
<10
Slightly moist
15
10
>10
10-5
10
5
Zones near thrusts/faults of
regional importance
-5
>200
200-80
-5
None or
unknown
0
Compression
-2
80-10
<10
-8
-10
Not applicable
Tension
0
Slopes
200-80
79-10
-10
-13
Low
High
-5
-10
<10
-15
I
Very good
100-81
II
Good
80-61
III
Fair
60-41
IV
Poor
40-21
V
Very poor
20
22nd International Mining Congress and Exhibition of Turkey-IMCET11 Ankara, Turkey may 11-13, 2011
Section
No. Class Value
1
IV 24
SRC
Support
Steel Ribs (M)
Class Value
IV 40
III 51
IV
27
IV
32
III
54
IV
32
III
54
IV
32
III
58
IV
27
III
58
18
III
44
18
III
44
9
10
11
12
13
V
V
V
V
V
14
4
9
9
11
14
III
42
IV
IV
IV
IV
IV
III
35
35
33
33
38
50
15
III
50
III
50
16
III
60
III
60
17
III
50
III
60
18
III
50
III
60
19
III
60
III
60
20
IV
32
III
50
RMR
Support
Steel Ribs (L)
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Support
in practice
Steel Ribs (H)
Steel Ribs (M)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (M)
Steel Ribs (M)
Steel Ribs (H)
Steel Ribs (VH)
Steel Ribs (VH)
Steel Ribs (VH)
Steel Ribs (H)
Steel Ribs (L)
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Mesh +10cm
shotcrete
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)
Steel Ribs (L)