CLM-10ECL68A Dec2015

Vivakonqndo College
af Engineering & Technology
TCPO3
[Sponsored by Vivekonondo Vidyovordhoko Songha, Puttur @]
P.ev 1.2
Aff iliated to Visvesvoroya Technologicol University

Approved bv AICTE New Delhi & 6ovt of Karnotaka
COURSE LABORATORY MANUAL
ECE
29/12/?Ots
A. LABORATORY OVERVIEW
Desree:
BE
Programme:
ECE
Semester:
VI
Microprocessor Laboratory
)-0-3-0
Academic Year:
Laboratory Code:
Duration of USE:
USE Marks:
20t5-16
lA Marks:
z5
Laboratory Title:
L-T-P-S:
Iotal Contact Hours:
Lab Manual Author:
lhecked By:
42Hrs
Sisn *:
Sign G---:-'*
Shivaprasad
Nirupama K
1OECL68
180 Minutes
50 Marks
Dt:
t91tz)ts
Dt: 2-qlris
B. DESCRIPTION
I. PREREQUISITES:
I
Should have the fundamental knowledge of MP-8085.
a
Basics of assembly level language.
a
Basics of Microcontroller 8051 programming (l0EC42)
.
BASE COURSE:
.
.
Micropro..rro.8085
Microcontroller 8051
}. COURSE OUTCOMES :
At the end of the course, the student will be able to;
. Write the assembly level programs for 8086 microprocessor.
' Interface external devices like stepper motor,Logical controller,T segment display to
microprocessor 8086.
. Interface keyboard to microprocessor.
. Analyze and apply working of 8086.
1. RESqURSES
REQUIRED:
MASM: (Microsoft assembler)
PCI card
Logical Interface module
Seven segment display module
Keyboard interface module
Stepper motor module
ea(il\r
g;:j,;,'
-\t^ *
Shivaprasad
Checked by:Nirupama
Nehru Nagar, Puttur - 574 2O3,
DK, Karnataka state -
HOD
INDIA.pnone:+s1-82s1-23ssss,234sss
Fax :+91-8251-236444, web: www.vcetputtur.ac.in , E-Mail: aemc@vcetouttur.ac.in
Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

[Sponsored by Vivekananda Vidyavardhaka Sangha, Puttur ]
Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

Approved by AICTE New Delhi & Govt of Karnataka
TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
5. RELEVANCE OF THE COURSE:

Upon completion of this course students should be able to apply knowledge gained
To implement VLSI design(10EC56)
Embedded system design(10EC74)
Real time sytems(10EC766)
DSP architecture and algorithms(10EC751)
6. GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS:
Be punctual to Laboratory, students are supposed to be present in the Lab 5 minutes in
advance prior to commencement of every lab.
Maintain discipline in the Lab, do not change your places once it is been fixed by lab
instructor.
Do bring the observation regularly to the laboratory, completed with respect to all.
Go through the programs which is supposed to be done in every Lab.
7. CONTENTS:
Expt
Title of the Experiments
Blooms Level
No.
1 Data transfer instructions like:
L3
i)Byte and word data transfering using different
addressing modes.
ii)Block move(with and without overlap)
iii)Block interchange
2 Arithmatic & logical operations like:
L3
i)Addition and subtraction of multi precision nos.
ii)Multiplication and Division of signed and
unsigned hexadecimal nos.
iii)ASCII adjustment instructions
iv)Code conversions
v)Arithmatic programs to find LCM,GCD,factorial.
3 Bit manipulation instructions like checking:
L3
i)Whether given data is positive or negative
ii)Whether given data is odd or even
iii)Logical 1's and 0's in a given data
iv)Bit wise and nibble wise palindrome.
4 Branch/Loop instructions like:
L3
i)Arrays: addition/subtraction of N numbers
Finding largest and smallest numbers
Ascending and descending order
ii)Near and Far conditional and unconditional
jumps,calls and returns
5 Programs on string manipulation like string L3
transfer,string reversing,searching for a string.
i)Program to transfer a string message from one
location to another
ii)Program to reverse the string.
iii)Program to reverse the string and check whether
it is palindrome or not
iv)Program to check a character in the string
Nehru Nagar, Puttur - 574 203,
DK
CO
CO1,CO4
CO1,CO4
CO1,CO4
CO1,CO4
CO1,CO4
, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Fax :+91-8251236444, Web: www.vcetputtur.ac.in , E-Mail: aemc@vcetputtur.ac.in


6 Interfacing 8086 with the Stepper motor module

L3
7 Experiments on interfacing 8086 with Logical L3
controller interface
8 Interfacing 8086 with Seven segment display L3
module
9 Interfacing 8086 with Matrix keyboard module
L3
10. REFERENCE:
1. Intel- 8085 by Ramesh Gaonkar
2. Advanced microprocessors
TCP03
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29/12/2015
CO2
CO2
CO2
CO3
C. EVALUATION SCHEME
1. Record writing: 10 Marks - 10 marks to each experiment to be awarded and average of all
experiments is taken.
2. Laboratory Activities: 5 Marks
3. Laboratory IA tests: 10 Marks IAs should follow in the succeeding week of theory IA.
Minimum 2 IAs are mandatory. For final Lab IA, average of best 2 of total number of
IAs.
4. Internal Assessment (IA Marks) = 1 + 2 + 3 = 25 Marks
5. SEE : 50 Marks
D1. ARTICULATION MATRIX
Mapping of CO to PO
PO'S
COs
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 Write the assembly level programs for 3 2 2 - 2 1 - - - 8086 microprocessor.
2 Interface external devices like stepper 2 2 2 - 1 1 - - - motor,Logical controller,7 segment display
to microprocessor 8086.
3 Interface keyboard to microprocessor.
2 2 2 - 1 1 - - - 4 Analyze and apply working of 8086.
2 2 2 - 1 1 - - - D2. ARTICULATION MATRIX CO VS PSO's
Mapping of CO to PSO
PSO'S
COs
1
2
3
4
1 Write the assembly level programs for
1
1
1
8086 microprocessor.
2 Interface external devices like stepper
2
1
motor,Logical controller,7 segment display
to microprocessor 8086.
3 Interface keyboard to microprocessor.
2
1
4 Analyze and apply working of 8086.
1
1
E. EXPERIMENTS
1. EXPERIMENT NO:1
2. TITLE: DATA TRANSFER OPERATION
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3. LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
To write the assembly language program for data transfer programs like byte and word data transfer
and block move /interchange using 8086.
4. AIM:DATA TRANSFER OPERATION

Byte and word data transfer using different addressing modes.
Block move(with and without overlap)
Block interchange
5.
MATERIAL / EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
Microsoft Macro assembler (MASM)
PCI card
Power supply
6. THEORY / HYPOTHESIS:
This program is to make the user familiar in writing assembly language programs in 8086.
Here the different addressing modes, like, immediate addressing, register addressing,
indirect addressing, direct addressing, base relative addressing, and relative base indexed
addressing is used to study how data can be moved from one location to another.
7.
PROCEDURE / PROGRAMME / ACTIVITY:
1 BYTE AND WORD DATA TRANSFERING USING DIFFERENT ADDRESSING
MODES
a)Program to load 8 bit immediate data into registers
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AL,88H;immediate data to accumulator
MOV BL,AL
MOV CL,AL
MOV DL,AL
MOV AH,4CH;program termination
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
b)Program to load 16 bit immediate data into registers
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,1234H;immediate data to accumulator
MOV BX,AX
MOV CX,AX
MOV DX,AX
MOV AH,4CH ;program termination
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
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END START
c)Program to load 8 bit immediate data into a memory location
DATA SEGMENT
LOC DB ?
;reserve byte mem locn
DATA ENDS
ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV LOC,88H ;immediate data to memory locn.
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
d)Program to load 16 bit immediate data into a memory location
DATA SEGMENT
LOC DW ?
;reserve word memory location
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV LOC,0ABCDH
;immediate data to mem locn.

INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
e)Program to transfer data from one memory into another memory location
DATA SEGMENT
LOC1 DB 45h
LOC2 DB ?
;reserve byte mem locn
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
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START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX
MOV BL,LOC1 ;Transfer location1 data to BL reg.
MOV LOC2,BL
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
f)Program to exchange the contents of two memory location
DATA SEGMENT
LOC1 DB 45h
LOC2 DB 88h
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV BL,LOC1 ;Transferlocation1 data to BL reg.
MOV CL,LOC2 ;Transferlocation2 data to CL reg.
MOV LOC1,CL
MOV LOC2,BL ;Exchange the contents
MOV AH,4CH
;program termination
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
II)Block move programs:
a)Program to transfer a block of data from one memory location to another
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
BLK1 db 10h,20h,30h,40h,50h
ORG 9500h
BLK2 db 5 dup(?)
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
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START: MOV AX,DATA

MOV DS,AX
MOV CX,0005H ;Load count to CX
LEA SI,BLK1 ;Offset address of BLK1 is loaded to SI
LEA DI,BLK2 ;Offset address of BLK2 is loaded to DI
up: MOV AL,[SI]
MOV [DI],AL
INC SI
INC DI
LOOP up
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
b)Program to transfer a block of data from one memory location to another in reverse order
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
BLK1 db 10h,20h,30h,40h,50h
ORG 9500h
BLK2 db 5 dup(?)
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
LEA DI,[BLK2+4] ;Offset address of BLK2 is loaded to DI
up: MOV AL,[SI]
MOV [DI],AL
INC SI
INC DI
LOOP up
INT 21H
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CODE ENDS
END START
c)Program to exchange the block of data bytes using XCHG instruction
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
BLK1 db 10h,20h,30h,40h,50h
ORG 9500h
BLK2 db 11h,22h,33h,44h,55h
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
LEA DI,BLK2 ;Offset address of BLK2 is loaded to DI
up: MOV AL,[SI]
XCHG AL,[DI]
MOV [SI],AL
INC SI
INC DI
LOOP up
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
8. BLOCK / CIRCUIT / MODEL DIAGRAM / REACTION EQUATION:
9. OBSERVATION TABLE / LOOKUP TABLE / TRUTH TABLE:
10.
FORMULA / CALCULATIONS:
11.
GRAPHS / OUTPUTS
NA
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12. RESULTS & ANALYSIS:

II.a)Program to transfer a block of data from one memory location to another
Before execution:
Memory
8005
8006
8007
8008
8009
address
Content
10
20
30
40
50
Memory
address
9005
9006
9007
9008
9009
Content
xx
xx
xx
xx
xx
After execution:
Memory
8005
address
8006
8007
8008
8009
Content
10
20
30
40
50
Memory
address
9005
9006
9007
9008
9009
Content
10
20
30
40
50
II.c)Program to exchange the block of data bytes using XCHG instruction

Before Execution:
Memory address 8005
8006
8007
8008
8009
Content
10
20
30
40
50
Memory address
9005
9006
9007
9008
9009
Content
60
70
80
90
A0
After Execution:
Memory address
8005
8006
8007
8008
8009
Content
60
70
80
90
A0
Memory address
9005
9006
9007
9008
9009
Content
10
20
30
40
50
13. OUTCOMES & CONCLUSIONS:

Byte, Word, Block transfer of data using different addressing modes are verified
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14. APPLICATION AREAS:

Various sorting algorithms like bubble sort, insertion sort and selection sort.
Binary search algorithm.
15. REMARKS:
FACULTY SIGNATURE
1.EXPERIMENT NO:2
2. TITLE: ARITHEMATIC & LOGICAL OPERATIONS
To write the assembly language program for addition, subtraction , multiplication and
division using 8086.
To write the assembly language program for arithmetic operations like GCD, LCM,
Fibonacci series and Factorial.
4. AIM:
To write assembly language program for arithmetic and logical operations using 8086
Microprocessors
5. MATERIAL / EQUIPMENT REQUIRED:
Masm assembler
This program is to make the user familiar in writing assembly language programs in 8086. Here
the different aritematic operations like additions, subtraction, multiplication and division.
7.
I ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF MULTI PRECISION NOS:

(A)ADDITION OF TWO 16 BIT NUMBERS
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV CX, 0000H
MOV AX,24H
MOV BX, 76H
ADD AX,BX
JNC L1
;Check for carry
INC CX
;If carry exists, increment the CX
L1 : MOV DX,CX
;Store the carry
MOV BX, AX
;Store the sum
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
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(B)SUBTRACTION OF TWO 16 BIT NUMBERS

ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV CX, 0000H
MOV AX,[1200]
MOV BX, [1202]
SUB AX,BX
JNC L1
;Check for borrow
INC CX
;If borrow exists, increment the CX
L1 : MOV [1206],CX
;Store the borrow
MOV [1204], AX
;Store the difference
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
II)Multiplication and Division:
A)MULTIPLICATION OF 16-BIT NUMBERS:
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AX, 0200h ; Get the first data
MOV BX, 1200h
; Get the second data
MUL BX
;Multiply both
MOV CX,AX
;Store the lower order product in CX , higher order product in DX
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
B)DIVISION OF TWO 16 BIT NUMBERS
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AX,1200h
;Get the first data
MOV BX, 0200h
;Get the second data
DIV BX
;Divide the dividend by divisor
MOV CX,AX
;Store the lower order product
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
III)ASCII adjustment instructions:
A)ASCII adjustment after addition
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AH,00h
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MOV AL,39h ; for subtraction replace with

ADD AL,31h ;
AAA ;
ADD AX,3030h
MOV AH,4Ch
INT 21h
CODE ENDS
END START
B)ASCII adjustment after subtraction
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AH,00H
MOV AL,39H
SUB AL,31h
AAS
ADD AX,3030h
MOV AH,4Ch
INT 21h
CODE ENDS
END START
IV)CODE CONVERSIONS:
A)PROGRAM TO CONVERT THE GIVEN PACKED BCD NO TO ITS 7-SEGMENT LED
CODE
DATA SEGMENT
Table db 3FH,06H,5BH,4FH,66H,6DH,5BH,70H,7AH,7BH
Sevenseg db ?
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV BX,OFFSET Table ;offset of Table to BX
MOV AL,84H
; Load the number
MOV DL,AL
;save the number
AND AL,0FH
;unpack by anding with 0FH
XLAT
;Accsess code from table
MOV Sevenseg,AL
MOV AL,DL
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AND AL,0F0H
; Andwith 0F0H
MOV CL,04H
;Rotate 4 times to get unpached MSB
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ROR AL,CL
XLAT
;Accsess code from table
MOV Sevenseg+1 ,AL

MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
b)Program to convert the BCD no. to its binary(Hex) equivalent
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
Num db 64h
ORG 9500h
Result db ?
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV BL,Num
;Load number
MOV AL,BL
;Store number
AND AL,0FH
;And with 0Fh to get unpacked BCD1
MOV DL,AL
MOV AL,BL
AND AL,0F0h
;And with F0h and rotate 4 times to get
MOV CL,04h
ROL AL,CL
MOV BH,0AH
MUL BH
;unpacked BCD2 X 10H
ADD AL,DL
;Add the result with unpacked BCD1
MOV Result,AL
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
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END START
c)Program to convert the Binary(Hex) no. to its BCD equivalent
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
Num db 0FDh
ORG 9500h
Result db ?
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AL,Num
;Load number
MOV BL,64H
CMP AL,BL
;Compare the number with 64H
JC Next
; If num>64H;divide it by 64H else divide by 0AH
MOV AH,0H
DIV BL
MOV Result,AL
MOV AL,AH
Next:MOV CH,0AH
MOV AH,0H
DIV CH
MOV Result+1,AL
MOV Result+2,AH
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
d)Program to convert the Hex no. to its ASCII equivalent
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
Num db 8Dh
ORG 9500h
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Result db ?
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AL,Num
;Load number
MOV BL,AL
;Store the number
AND AL,0FH
CMP AL,0AH
;And with 0Fh to get unpacked number

;Compare with 0AH,If > 0A,then add 37H else add 30H
JC Down
ADD AL,07H
Down: ADD AL,30H
MOV Result,AL
MOV AL,BL
AND AL,0F0H
;And with F0h and rotate 4 times to get unpacked BCD2
MOV CL,04H
ROR AL,CL
CMP AL,0AH
;Compare with 0AH,If > 0A,then add 37H else add 30H
JC Down1
ADD AL,07H
Down1: ADD AL,30H
MOV Result+1,AL
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
e)Program to convert the ASCII to its Hex equivalent
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
Num db 45h
ORG 9500h
Result db ?
DATA ENDS
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CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AL,Num
;Load number
CMP AL,30H
;Compare with 30H,If > 30H Subtract 37H else subtract 30H JC Down
SUB AL,07H
Down: SUB AL,30H
MOV Result,AL
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(V)Number conversion programs using procedure method
(a)Program to convert the BCD no. to its binary(Hex) equivalent
DATA SEGMENT
MSG1 DB "ENTER BCD NO:$"
MSG2 DB 0AH,0DH,"THE HEX EQT:$"
MESB DB "BCD$"
MESH DB "H$"
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
PRINT PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
MOV AH,09H
INT 21H
;09h is the dos function for string or character display

;offset of message is assumed to be stored in dx
POP AX
RET
PRINT ENDP
INPUT PROC NEAR
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
;09H IS THE DOS FUNCTION FOR READING
AND AL,0FH
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MOV BL,10H
MUL BL
MOV CL,AL
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
AND AL,0FH
ADD AL,CL
;ENTERED NUMBER IS STORED IN AL AS PACKED NUMBER
RET
INPUT ENDP
BCDBIN PROC
MOV BL,AL
AND AL,0FH
MOV DL,AL
MOV AL,BL
AND AL,0F0H
MOV CL,04H
;BCD2BIN CONVERSION ROUTINE
ROL AL,CL
MOV BH,0AH
MUL BH
ADD AL,DL
CALL OUTPUT
RET
BCDBIN ENDP
OUTPUT PROC NEAR
MOV CH,A
AND AL,0F0H
MOV CL,04H
ROL AL,CL
CMP AL,0AH
JC DOWN
ADD AL,07H
DOWN:ADD AL,30H
;ascii equivalent of higher order nibble

; for display
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MOV AH,02
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;02h is the dos function for outputting a char
MOV DL,AL
INT 21H
AND CH,0FH
CMP CH,0AH
JC L1
ADD CH,07H
L1:ADD CH,30H
;ASCII EQUIVALENT OF LOWER ORDER NIBBLE
FOR DISPLAY
MOV AH,02H
MOV DL,CH
INT 21H
RET
OUTPUT ENDP
START:MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
LEA DX,MSG1
CALL PRINT
CALL INPUT
LEA DX,MESB
CALL PRINT
LEA DX,MSG2
CALL PRINT
CALL BCDBIN
LEA DX,MESH
CALL PRINT
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(b)Program to convert the binary(Hex) no. to its BCD equivalent
DATA SEGMENT
MSG1 DB "ENTER BINARY NO:$"
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MSG2 DB 0AH,0DH,"THE BCD EQT:$

MSG3 DB "BCD$"
MSG4 DB "H$"
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
PRINT PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
MOV AH,09H
;09h is the dos function for string
INT 21H
;or character display; offset of message is assumed
POP AX
;to be stored in dx
RET
PRINT ENDP
INPUT PROC NEAR
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
CMP AL,39H
JC DOWN
ADD AL,09H
;if the num >39,add 09h to get the hex eqt.
DOWN:AND AL,0FH
MOV BL,10H
MUL BL
MOV CL,AL
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
CMP AL,39H
JC DOWN1
ADD AL,09H
DOWN1:AND AL,0FH
ADD AL,CL
;packed hex number is in al
RET
INPUT ENDP
BINBCD PROC
MOV AH,00H
MOV BL,0AH
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DIV BL
MOV CL,04H
;bin2bcd conversion routine
ROL AL,CL
ADD AL,AH
CALL OUTPUT
RET
BINBCD ENDP
OUTPUT PROC NEAR
MOV CH,AL
AND AL,0F0H
MOV CL,04H
ROL AL,CL
ADD AL,30H
;ascii equivalent of higher order nibble for display
MOV AH,02H
MOV DL,AL
INT 21H
AND CH,0FH
ADD CH,30H
;ascii equivalent of lower order nibble for display
MOV AH,02H
MOV DL,CH
INT 21H
RET
OUTPUT ENDP
START:MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
LEA DX,MSG1
CALL PRINT
CALL INPUT
LEA DX,MES4
CALL PRINT
LEA DX,MSG2
CALL PRINT
CALL BINBCD
LEA DX,MES3
CALL PRINT
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MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(c)Program to convert the binary(Hex) no. to its ASCII equivalent
DATA SEGMENT
MSG1 DB "ENTER HEX NO:$"
MSG2 DB 0AH,0DH,"THE ASCII EQT IS:$"
MES3 DB "H$"
MES4 DB "ASCII$"
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
PRINT PROC NEA
PUSH AX
MOV AH,09H
INT 21H
POP AX
RET
PRINT ENDP
INPUT PROC NEAR
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
MOV BH,AL
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
MOV BL,AL
RET
INPUT ENDP
HEX2ASC PROC NEAR
MOV CH,AL
AND AL,0F0H
MOV CL,04H
ROL AL,CL
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CMP AL,0AH
JC L1
ADD AL,07H
L1:ADD AL,30H
MOV DL,AL
CALL OUTPUT
AND CH,0FH
CMP CH,0AH
JC L11
ADD CH,07H
L11:ADD CH,30H
MOV DL,CH
CALL OUTPUT
RET
HEX2ASC ENDP
OUTPUT PROC NEAR
MOV AH,02H
INT 21H
RET
OUTPUT ENDP
START:MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
LEA DX,MSG1
CALL PRINT
CALL INPUT
LEA DX,MES3
CALL PRINT
LEA DX,MSG2
CALL PRINT
MOV AL,BH
CALL HEX2ASC
MOV AL,BL
CALL HEX2ASC
LEA DX,MES4
CALL PRINT
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MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(D)PROGRAM TO CONVERT THE ASCII NO. TO ITS BINARY(HEX) EQUIVALENT
DATA SEGMENT
MSG1 DB "ENTER ASCII NO:$"
MSG2 DB 0AH,0DH,"THE HEX EQT:$"
MES3 DB "ASCII $"
MES4 DB "H $"
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
PRINT PROC NEAR
PUSH AX
MOV AH,09H
INT 21H
POP AX
RET
PRINT ENDP
INPUT PROC NEAR
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
MOV BH,AL
MOV AH,01H
INT 21H
MOV BL,AL
RET
INPUT ENDP
ASC2HEX PROC NEAR
AND BH,0FH
AND BL,0FH
MOV AL,10H
DK



TCP03
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MUL BH
ADD AL,BL
MOV DL,AL
MOV AH,02H
INT 21H
RET
ASC2HEX ENDP
START:MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
LEA DX,MSG1
CALL PRINT
CALL INPUT
LEA DX,MES3CALL PRINT
LEA DX,MSG2
CALL PRINT
CALL ASC2HEX
LEA DX,MES4
CALL PRINT
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
v)Arithmetic programs to find LCM,GCD,Factorial and Fibonacci.
(a)Program to find the factorial of given number
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AX,01H
MOV BX,08H
;get the number
L1:MUL BX
DEC BX
;multiply with ax
;decrement bx
JNZ L1
MOV BX,AX
;store the result in bx
MOV AH,4CH
;terminate the program
INT 21H
DK



TCP03
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CODE ENDS
END START
(B)PROGRAM TO GENERATE THE FIBONACCI SERIES
DATA SEGMENT
FIBO DB 25 DUP (?)
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AL,0H
MOV BL,01H
MOV SI,OFFSET FIBO
MOV [SI],AL
INC SI
MOV [SI],BL
INC SI
MOV CH,0H
MOV CL,07H
SUB CL,02H
BACK: ADD AL,BL
DAA
MOV [SI],AL
MOV AL,BL
MOV BL,[SI]
INC SI
LOOP BACK
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(c)Program to find LCM of two numbers
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AX,00H
DK



MOV BX,00H
MOV AL,24H
MOV BL,36H
PUSH AX;
PUSH BX;
CMP AX,BX
JNC L1
TCP03
Rev 1.2
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;FIRST NUMBER
;SECOND NUMBER
;CHECK THE LARGER NUMBER AND STORE
;IT IN AX SMALLER NUMBER IN BX
MOV CX,AX
MOV AX,BX
MOV BX,CX
L1:DIV BL
;div ax by bl
MOV AL,BL
;store b in a
MOV BL,AH
;store rem in b
MOV AH,00
CMP BL,00H
JNZ L1
;continue till b is zero
MOV DL,AL
;gcd is stored in dl register
POP BX
POP AX
MUL BL
DIV DL
MOV DH,AL
;lcm is stored in dh register
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(d)Program to find GCD of two numbers

ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AX,00H
MOV BX,00H
MOV AL,24H
;first number
MOV BL,36H
;second number
CMP AX,BX
;check the larger number and store
JNC L1
;it in ax smaller number in bx register
MOV CX,AX
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MOV AX,BX
MOV BX,CX
L1:DIV BL
;div ax by bl
MOV AL,BL
;store b in a
MOV BL,AH
;store rem in b
MOV AH,00
CMP BL,00H
JNZ L1
;continue till b is zero
MOV DL,AL
;gcd is stored in dl register
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
NA
NA
10. FORMULA / CALCULATIONS:
NA
11. GRAPHS / OUTPUTS:
NA
I.A)ADDITION OF TWO 16 BIT NUMBERS
Before execution
Registers
Contents
AX
24
BX
76
CX
DX
After execution
Registers
Contents
AX
9A
BX
9A
CX
DX
0
I.C)MULTIPLICATION OF TWO 16 BIT NUMBERS
Nehru Nagar, Puttur - 574 203, DK, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555


TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
Before execution
Registers
Contents
AX
0200h
BX
1200h
CX
DX
0
After execution
Contents
Registers
AX
4C00h
BX
1200h
CX
0000h
DX
0024h
I.D)DIVISION OF TWO 16 BIT NUMBERS
Before execution
Registers
Contents
AX
1200h
BX
0200h
CX
DX
0
After execution
Contents
Registers
AX
4C09h
BX
0200h
CX
0009h
DX
V(A)PROGRAM TO FIND THE FACTORIAL OF GIVEN NUMBER

Before execution
Registers
Contents
AX
BX
Registers
1
8h
After execution
Contents
AX
4c80h
BX
9d80h
V(C)GCD AND LCM OF GIVEN TWO NUMBERS



Before execution
TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
After execution
Registers
Contents
Registers
Contents
AX
24(36D)
DH
6C(LCM)
BX
36(54D)
DL
12(GCD)

The outputs for various arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division are observed and verified using MASM assembler
The programs like GCD, LCM, Factorial and Fibonacci series are implemented using 8086
The arithmetic operations studied here will act as base for implementing complex
algorithm.
Code conversions methods find applicable in the field of Digital circuits.
Code conversions methods find applicable in Digital clocks.
15. REMARKS:
FACULTY SIGNATURE
1. EXPERIMENT NO:3
2.
TITLE: BIT MANIPULATION INSTRUCTIONS
Understand how bit manipulation operations can tbe used to check whether the number is
odd, even,positive or negative
Understand how bit manipulation operations can be used to check whether the number is
bitwise or nibblewise palindrome
4. AIM:
-TO WRITE ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE TO PERFORM VARIOUS BIT
MANIPULATION OPERATIONS
MASM assembler
Shift and rotate instruction in instruction set of 8086 can be used to check the bits in byte or
word to determine whether the number is odd, even,positive,negative
This instructions can also be used to check whether the number is palindrome or not.


TCP03
Rev 1.2
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7. PROGRAM/PROCEDURE/ACTIVITY:
(a)Program to check whether number is even or odd
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:CLC
MOV AL,50H
;READ DATA
SHR AL,01H
;CHECK THE LSB
JC L1
MOV BX,00H
;NUM IS EVEN
JMP L2
L1:MOV BX,0FFH
;NUM IS ODD
L2:MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(b)Program to check whether number is positive or negative
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:CLC
MOV AL,0F0H ;READ DATA
SHL AL,01H ;CHECK THE LSB
JC L1
MOV BX,00H ;NUM IS POSITIVE
JMP L2
L1:MOV BX,0FFH ;NUM IS NEGATIVE
L2:MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(c)Program to find the no. of 1s in a given data byte
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AL,98H
MOV CX,08H
MOV BH,0H
Up:
RCR AL,01H ;rotate accumulator content 8 times

JNC Last
;if CY=1,increment counter
INC BH
DK



Last:
TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
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LOOP Up
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(d)Program to check the given number is nibble wise PALINDROME
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AL,48H ;Load number to accumulator
MOV BL,AL;store in BL
MOV CL,04H
ROR AL,CL ; Rotate acc content 4 times
CMP AL,BL ;compare the rotated number with original number
JZ Pali
;if both are equal then number is

Palindrome;store FF in BH
MOV BH,0H
JMP Last
Pali:
Last:
MOV BH,0FFH
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(e)Program to check the given number is bitwise PALINDROME
ASSUME CS:CODE
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AL,24H ;Load number to accumulator
MOV BL,AL ; Copy The number to BL
MOV CX,04H
repeat: ROL AL,01H
JC Down
;rotate accumulator left and check for carry
ROR BL,01H ;if no carry ,rotate BL right

JC notpali
Again:
;if CY=1,then num is not palindrome
LOOP repeat ;repeat for 4 times

MOV BH,0FFH
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JMP Last
Down:
ROR BL,01H
JC again
notpali: MOV BH,0H

Last:
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
(f)To detect if data is 2 out of 5 code
DATA SEGMENT
CODE_GIVEN DB 00010001B
VALID DB "CODE IS VALID$"
INVALID DB "CODE IS INVALID$"
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
ASSUME CS: CODE, DS:DATA
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV CX,0003H
MOV SI, OFFSET CODE_GIVEN
MOV AL,[SI]
BACK: SAL AL,01
JC NOTVALID
LOOP BACK
MOV BL,00H
MOV CX,0005H
MOV AL,[SI]
BACK1: SAR AL,01
JNC BACK2
INC BL
BACK2: LOOP BACK1
CMP BL, 02H
JNE NOTVALID
LEA DX, VALID
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TCP03
Rev 1.2
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MOV AH,09
INT 21H
JMP EXIT
NOTVALID: LEA DX, INVALID
MOV AH,09
INT 21H
EXIT: MOV AH, 4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
NA
NA
NA
NA
I.A Program to check whether the number is odd or even
Before execution
After execution
Register
Content
Register
Content
AX
50h
AX
28h
BX
00h
BX
00h(even)
B. Program to check whether the number is positive or negative

Before execution
After execution
Register
Content
Register
Content
Al
0f0h
Al
0e0h
BX
00h
BX
ffh(negative)
D.Program to check whether the number is nibble wise palindrome

DK



Before execution
TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
After execution
Register
Content
Register
Content
Al
48h
Al
xx
bh
0
bh
E.
Program to check whether the number is bit wise palindrome
Before execution
After execution
0ffh(palindrome)
Register
Content
Register
Content
Al
24h
Al
xx
bh
bh
0ffh(palindrome)

The bit manipulation instructions and its application for the various programs involving
checking whether the number is even, odd, positive and negative number is studied and
verified
Bit manipulation instruction can be used to perform multiplication, division on byte or word
Bit manipulation instruction is also used in Binary search algorithms
15. REMARKS:
FACULTY SIGNATURE
1. EXPERIMENT NO:4
2. TITLE: BRANCH / LOOP INSTRUCTIONS
Understand the importance of looping to perform repeated arithmetic operations
Understand the importance of non sequential branch operation and use of stack memory
4. AIM:
To write assembly language programs involving Branch and Loop instrucions
Masm assembler
Loop instrucions plays a pivotal role in most of the programming langauges involving bulk
or array of data's. Instead of repeating the same instrucion repeatedly again and again, loop
instrucions can be used to speed up the process
Branch instructions will change the order of the sequential programming language. This
type of modular programming concept will also speed up the process.
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
7. PROCEDURE / PROGRAMME / ACTIVITY:

I(a)Program to add N data bytes
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
ARRAY db 10h,20h,30h,40h,50h
ORG 9500h
SUM db ?
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AL,0H
MOV BL,0H
;Initialise registers to 0h
MOV SI,0H
MOV CX,05H
;count in CX
up: ADD AL,ARRAY[SI]

JNC down
INC BL
;Add number with accumulator content
;check for carry

;If CY=1,increment carry register
down:INC SI
LOOP up
MOV SUM,AL
;Store result
MOV SUM+1,BL
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
IB. Program to add N data words
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
ARRAY DW 0ADEFH,0FFFFh,0ABCDH,8888h,4567h
ORG 9500h
SUM DW ?
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
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29/12/2015
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AX,0H
MOV BX,0H
;Initialise registers to 0h
MOV SI,0H
MOV CX,05H
;count in CX
up: ADD AX,ARRAY[SI] ;Add number with accumulator content

JNC down
INC BX
;check for carry

;If CY=1,increment carry register
down:ADD SI,02H
LOOP up
MOV SUM,AX ;Store result
MOV SUN+2,BX
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
I(c)Program to find the largest among N data bytes
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
ARRAY db 10h,0ABh,30h,40h,50h
ORG 9500h
LARGEST db ?
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV CX,05H
;Counter
LEA SI,ARRAY
; Offset address of ARAY is loaded to SI
MOV AL,[SI]
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Rev 1.2
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UP: INC SI
CMP AL,[SI]
;compare the two numbers
JNC LAST
;If CY=1,copy largest num to AL
MOV AL,[SI]
LAST: LOOP UP
MOV LARGEST,AL
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
I(d)Program to arrange N data bytes in an ARRAY in ascending order
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500h
ARRAY db 10h,0ABh,30h,0FFh,50h
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV BX,04H
again:MOV CX,BX
;External counter
;internal counter
LEA SI,NUM
;Offset address of ARAY is loaded to SI
up: MOV AL,[SI]

CMP AL,[SI+1]
JC down
;compare the two numbers
;if CY=0,swap the two numbers else

retain as it is
XCHG [SI+1],AL
MOV [SI],AL
down:INC SI
LOOP up
DEC BX
JNZ again
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
END START
-NA
NA
NA
NA
I.a Program to find sum of N data bytes
Before execution:
After execution:
8500 8501 8502
8503 8504
9500
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504 9500
10
40
XX
10
20
30
40
50
20
30
50
F0
I.c Program to find largest number in array

Before execution:
After execution:
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
9500
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
9500
10
20
30
40
50
XX
10
20
30
40
50
50
I(d)Program to arrange N data bytes in an ARRAY in ascending order

Before execution
After execution
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
30
10
20
50
40
10
20
30
40
50

Loop instructions and branch instructions are studied and applied for various programs like
sum of N numbers, largest of N numbers, Sorting an array.
Bubble sort, Selection sort and insertion sort
Sum of N numbers, Largest of N numbers
15. REMARKS:
FACULTY SIGNATURE
-
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
1. EXPERIMENT NO:5
2. TITLE: PROGRAMS ON STRING MANIPULATION
Understand how exactly a character or group of characters(strings) are stored in memory
Understand ascii notations for characters
4. AIM:
To write programs involving string manipulation operations
Microsoft macro assembler(Masm) assembler
Strings are group of characters stored in consecutive memory locations.
Various operations can be performed on the string data like string copy, string compare,
string store, string load etc.
7.
5(a)program to transfer a string message from one location to another
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500H
Loc1 db SHASTRI
DATA ENDS
EXTRA SEGMENT
ORG 9500H
Loc2 db(?)
EXTRA ENDS
ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA,ES:EXTRA
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AX,EXTRA
MOV ES,AX
LEA SI,Loc1
LEA DI,Loc2
MOV CX,07h
CLD
rep MOVSB
MOV AH,4CH
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
5(b)Program to reverse a given string message
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500H
Loc1 db SHASTRI
DATA ENDS
EXTRA SEGMENT
ORG 9500H
Loc2 db(?)
EXTRA ENDS
ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA ,ES:EXTRA
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AX,EXTRA
MOV ES,AX
LEA SI ,[Loc1+07h]
LEA DI, Loc2
;SI pointing to last loc1

;DI pointing to first loc2
MOV CX,08h
CLD
UP: MOVSB
DEC SI
DEC SI
LOOP UP
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
5(c)Program to check the given string message is PALINDROME
DATA SEGMENT
ORG 8500H
Loc1 db MALAYALAM
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
DATA ENDS
EXTRA SEGMENT
ORG 9500H
Loc2 db MALAYALAM
EXTRA ENDS
ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA ,ES:EXTRA
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AX,EXTRA
MOV ES,AX
LEA SI ,[Loc1+08h]
;SI pointing to last loc1
LEA DI, Loc2
MOV CX,04H
UP:
CMPS Loc1,Loc2
JNZ notpali
INC SI
DEC DI
LOOP UP
MOV BL,0FFH
JMP last
Notpali:MOV BL,0H
Last:
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
5(d)Program to check the character is present in a given string message
EXTRA SEGMENT
ORG 8500H
Message db SHASTRI
EXTRA ENDS
ASSUME CS:CODE,ES:EXTRA
CODE SEGMENT
START: MOV AX,EXTRA
MOV ES,AX
DK



LEA DI, Message
TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
MOV CX,08h
CLD
MOV AL,B
REPNE SCAS Message
;Scan for the character B
CMP CX,0H
JNZ down
MOV BL,0H
JMP last
Down: MOV BL,0FFH
Last:
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
CODE ENDS
END START
-NA
NA
NA
NA
5.a Program to copy string from one location to another location
Before execution
After execution
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504 8505 8506 9500 9501 9502 9503 9504
9505 9506
53
48
41
53
54
53
53
49
53
48
41
53
54
49
5.c Program to check whether the given string is palindrome or not

Before execution
BX
XX
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
8505
8506
8507
8508
4D
41
4C
41
59
41
4C
41
4D
After execution
BX
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
8505
8506
8507
8508
4D
41
4C
41
59
41
4C
41
4D
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015

String manipulation operations like string copy, reversing a string, checking a character in a
string is studied and verified
Used to check whether the sub string is present in the main string
Used to represent real time objects
15. REMARKS:
1. EXPERIMENT NO:6
2. TITLE: STEPPER MOTOR INTERFACE
Understand the application of stepper motor in robotics and automation.
Speed of stepper motor can be controlled by cahnging the delay.
Should be able to create and control directional program with position record and linking.
Sould become familiar with the various operating modes of a motor controller.
4. AIM: Program to rotate the stepper motor in the clockwise direction by n turns
Microsoft Macro (Masm) assembler
PCI card
Stepper motor module
A stepper motor is an electromechanical device which converts electrical pulses into
discrete mechanical movements.
The basic design of a stepper motor is such that it has a stator which is the stationary part of
the motor and a rotor which is the moving part of the motor which will be the shaft of the
motor. The rotor is a permanent magnet. The stator has coils which are energised by the
pulses. So the stator are electromagnets.
7.
Program to rotate stepper motor in CLK wise for N rotations
DATA SEGMENT
PA EQU 0B800H
CR EQU 0B803H
COUNT EQU 1000
DATA ENDS
CODE SEGMENT
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
START:MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV DX,CR
MOV AL,80H ;control word to configure PA as o/p
OUT DX,AL
Again: MOV AL,88H ;bit format for half step mode
MOV DX,PA
MOV CX,Count ;Count for N rotations
Back: OUT DX,AL
CALL Delay
ROR AL,01H
LOOP Back
JMP Again
MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
Delay PROC NEAR
PUSH CX
MOV BX,0FF0H
Up: MOV CX,1000
L1:
LOOP L1
DEC BX
JNZ Up
POP CX
RET
Delay ENDP
CODE ENDS
END START
8.
BLOCK / CIRCUIT / MODEL DIAGRAM / REACTION EQUATION:
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
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In Fig. 1 the rotor has aligned itself with the electromagnet which is powered. In Fig. 2 we see that the
electromagnet which is to the east of the previous electromagnet is now powered and the rotor now
aligns itself accordingly. Similarly as each electromagnet is powered in a cycle the rotor aligns itself
accordingly in a stepwise motion. The example above is shown for a step angle of 90 which is for
demonstration only. Stepper motors have smaller steps. Typically we have 1.8 per step, however there
are hybrid motors built with 3.6 and resolutions as fine as .72 per step.

NA
10.
FORMULA / CALCULATIONS:
NA

NA
Stepper motor rotates in stepwise
Speed of the stepper motor can be controlled
Direction of the stepper motor can also be controlled
Robotics and automation
CNC machines
3D printers
Intelligent lighting
15. REMARKS:
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
1. EXPERIMENT NO:7
2. TITLE: BCD UP COUNTER USING LOGICAL INTERFACE
Build and test cascaded BCD counters for multi digital operation
To study the fundamentals of basic sequential logic concepts and circuits
To become familiar with various types of latches and flipflops.
4. AIM:
Program to interface logic controller to 8086 for BCD counter operation
Masm assembler
PCI card
logic controller interface
Counting is frequently required in digital computers and other digital systems to record the
number of events occurring in a specified interval of time. Normally an electronic counter is
used for counting the number of pulses coming at the input line in a specified time period.
The counter must possess memory since it has to remember its past states.
BCD counter counter disgits from 00 to 99
7.
PROGRAM TO GENERATE BCD UP COUNTER USING LED DISPLAY
Data segment
pa equ 0b800h
cr equ 0b803h
Data ends
assume cs:code,ds:data
code segment
start:mov ax,data
mov ds,ax
MOV DX,CR
OUT DX,AL
mov al,0h
up:
;Initial count in AL
out dx,al
call delay
add al,01h
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
daa
cmp al,99h ;Compare with maximum count
jc up
out dx,al
call delay
loop: jmp loop
mov ah,4ch
int 21h
DELAY PROC NEAR
PUSH CX
MOV BX,0FFH
Up1: MOV CX,0FFH
L1:
LOOP L1
DEC BX
JNZ Up1
POP CX
RET
DELAY ENDP
CODE ENDS
END START
NA
NA
NA
NA
Counter counts from 00 to 99 on logical interface
The BCD counter counts the digits from 00 to 99.
Delay can be used to increase or decrease the counting speed.
BCD counters are used in consumer appliances
Digital clocks, VCR clocks
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
15. REMARKS:
1. EXPERIMENT NO:8
2. TITLE: SEVEN SEGMENT DISPLAY INTERFACE TO 8086
Gain familiarity with BCD codes
How to use seven segment LED assemblies to create decimal digit displays
How to identify and use both active low and active high logic inputs
4. AIM:
Program to interface seven segment module to 8086.
Masm assembler
PCI card
Seven segment display module
Seven segment display is a form of electronic display device for diplaying decimal
numericals that is an alternative more complex dot matrix displays.
Seven segment displays are widely used in digital clocks, electronic meters, basic
calculators etc.
PROGRAM TO DISPLAY FIRE HELP ALTERNATIVELY
Data segment
pb equ 0b801h
pc equ 0b802h
cr equ 0b803h
Table db 086H,088H,0F9H,08EH [1S complement of 7seg code right to left]
db 08CH,0C7H,086H,089H [P,L,E,H]
Data ends
code segment
start:mov ax,data
mov ds,ax
MOV DX,CR
BACK: XOR CX,CX
OUT DX,AL
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
LEA SI, Table

MOV BH,02H ;Count for two lines
Nextw: MOV BL,04H ;For 4 characters
Nextc: MOV CL,08H
MOV AL,[SI]
Nextb: ROL AL,01H
MOV DX,PB ;Sends bit by bit thro PB0 line
OUT DX,AL
PUSH AX
MOV AL,00H
MOV DX,PC
OUT DX,AL
INC AL
OUT DX,AL ;Low to-high clock pulse
POP AX
LOOP Nextb
INC SI
DEC BL
JNZ Nextc
CALL DELAY
DEC BH
JNZ Nextw
JMP BACK
mov ah,4ch
int 21h
DELAY PROC NEAR
PUSH CX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,4FFFH
Up2: MOV CX,0FFFFH
L1: LOOP L1
DEC DX
JNZ Up2
POP DX
POP CX
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
RET
DELAY ENDP
CODE ENDS
END START
In this module 6 seven segment dispay LEDs are used. Each of these is selected one at a
time and the data is sent to be displayed. Port C is used to send the select signal to each
display and port A is use to send the display data. Both port A and port C are used as
output ports. The control word therefore must be selected for this mode of operation.
A table of all the hexadecimal characters which are displayed using a seven segment display is
given below.
Hex
h
g
f
e
d
c
b
a
Hex
character
code
8E
F8
88
86
89
86
C7
8C

NA
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015

NA
Fire and Help messages are displayed on seven segment interface module
The ASCII codes for messages FIRE and HELP stored in the consecutive memory locations
are transferred to the seven segment display.
Digital clock
Basic calculators
15. REMARKS:
1. EXPERIMENT NO:9
2. TITLE: KEYBOARD INTERFACE TO 8086
To understand the various components incorporated in keyboard
To program the keyboard module using 8086
4. AIM:
To interface keyboard module to 8086 and to verify the different keys incorporated within.
Keyboard interface module
Masm assembler
PCI card
Power supply
Keyboard is a collection of push button type switches, which is commonly used as an input
device to microcontroller based system.
Each key is assigned a particular operation.
When a key is pressed the CPU identifies the pressed key by using either software based or
hardware based technique and then performs the assigned operations.
The keyboard module used is a 38 matrix keyboard. The program is written to display the
characters pressed on the module on the monitor. The character displayed when each of the keys
is pressed is shown in the table above.
Port A is connected to the columns of the keyboard matrix.
Port C is connected to the rows. Out of 8 lines only 3 are used since there are only three rows.
On running the program the message Enter any key from module: is displayed. On pressing
any key from the module the message: Entered key is: is displayed and the value of the key is
displayed alongside the message and the program terminates. The control word is 92H where
port C is used as output port and Port A is used as input port. Two procedures are used. scan
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
and disp.
Program for matrix keyboard interfacing
Data segment
promt db 0dh,0ah,press key on keyboard to return to dos,$

msg1 db 0dh,0ah,pressed key=,$
keyp db ?
table db 0123456789.+-*/%cck=nrmm,$
pa equ 0b800h
pc equ 0b802h
cr equ 0b803h
Data ends
display_VAL MACRO VAL
MOV DL,VAL
MOV AH,02H;dos command for display
INT 21H
ENDM
DISPLAY_MSG MACRO MSG
LEA DX,MSG
MOV AH,09H
INT 21H
ENDM
CODE SEGMENT
START:MOV AX,DATA
MOV DS,AX
MOV AL,90H ;Control word 10010000 for I/O mode wit PA=i/p &
PC=o/p
MOV DX,CR
OUT DX,AL
DISPLAY_MSG PROMPT
AGAIN: MOV AH,0BH;Dos command to display message prompt

INT 21H
CMP AL,255;If AL=FFh,quit
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
JE QUIT
CALL SCAN
CMP DI,00H;DI is initialized with 00h as flag
JE AGAIN ;If DI=00H,no key is pressed. wait till a key
Is pressed
LEA DI,TABLE
ADD DI,SI ;Add DI with SI,where SI points to the key
position of row-0/row-1/row-2
MOV AL,[DI]
MOV KEYP,AL
DISPLAY_MSG MSG1 ;Call display macro
DISPLAY_VAL KEYP
CALL DELAY
JMP START;Go for next key
QUIT: MOV AH,4CH
INT 21H
SCAN PROC NEAR
MOV SI,00H;SI pointing to row-0
MOV DI,00H;DI=00H as flag register
MOV CX,03H;CX=03H as count for 3 rows
MOV AL,80H;AL=10000000
Nextrow:ROL AL,01H;AL=00000001 means logic 1 is sent
thro Row-0(PC0)
MOV BL,AL
MOV DX,PC
OUT DX,AL
MOV DX,PA
IN AL,DX ;Read columns thro PA
CMP AL,00H ;If (AL) is not 00h,key press detected
JNZ KEYID ;If (AL)=00h;go to next row
ADD SI,08H ;send 1 thro next row
LOOP Nextrow
RET
KEYID: MOV DI,01H;flag register is set to indicate key pressed
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015
MOV CX,08H ;count for checking key position

AGAIN2:ROR AL,01H ;AL content is rotated till column is detected
JC SKIP
If carry, column is detected else go for loop
INC SI
LOOP AGAIN2
SKIP: RET
SCAN ENDP
DELAY PROC NEAR
PUSH CX
PUSH DX
MOV DX,4FFFH
Up2: MOV CX,0FFFFH
L1:
LOOP L1
DEC DX
JNZ Up2
POP DX
POP CX
RET
DELAY ENDP
CODE ENDS
END START
8.
BLOCK / CIRCUIT / MODEL DIAGRAM / REACTION EQUATION:
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015

NA
NA
NA
DK



TCP03
Rev 1.2
ECE
29/12/2015

All the keys of the keyboards are successfully verified and observed on the monitor
All the keys of keyboards are observed and verified
Provides human interaction with PC's
TV and radios
Instrument panels
15. REMARKS:
-
DK


CLM-10ECL68A Dec2015

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Vivakonqndo College

af Engineering & Technology

[Sponsored by Vivekonondo Vidyovordhoko Songha, Puttur @]

Aff iliated to Visvesvoroya Technologicol University

Nehru Nagar, Puttur - 574 2O3,

DK, Karnataka state -

Fax :+91-8251-236444, web: www.vcetputtur.ac.in , E-Mail: aemc@vcetouttur.ac.in

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

5. RELEVANCE OF THE COURSE:

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

6 Interfacing 8086 with the Stepper motor module

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

4. AIM:DATA TRANSFER OPERATION

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

;reserve byte mem locn

;reserve word memory location

;immediate data to mem locn.

MOV AH,4CH ;program termination

;reserve byte mem locn

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

START: MOV AX,DATA

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

START: MOV AX,DATA

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

Nehru Nagar, Puttur - 574 203,

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

12. RESULTS & ANALYSIS:

II.c)Program to exchange the block of data bytes using XCHG instruction

13. OUTCOMES & CONCLUSIONS:

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

14. APPLICATION AREAS:

PROCEDURE / PROGRAMME / ACTIVITY:

I ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION OF MULTI PRECISION NOS:

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

(B)SUBTRACTION OF TWO 16 BIT NUMBERS

, Karnataka State INDIA.Phone :+91-8251-235955, 234555

Vivekananda College of Engineering & Technology

Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological University

MOV AL,39h ; for subtraction replace with

; Load the number

;save the number

;unpack by anding with 0FH

;Accsess code from table