BS en 1993

EXAMPLES TO EUROCODE
BS EN
Steel Design to EN 1993
Page: 1
NOTHING BEATS A GREAT TEMPLATE
Preface
Content
Interactive design aids for steel elements in accordance to BS EN 1993
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Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers
BS EN
Page: 2
Contents
Preface
Contents
Chapter 1: Beams
Beam deflection
Beam deflection (Central point load)
Design buckling resistance moment of an unrestrained steel beam
Steel beam with central lateral restraint
Buckling resistance of a steel beam
Laterally restrained steel floor beam
10
Resistance to transverse forces at an end bearing
11
Shear capacity of a beam
13
Shear capacity of a beam (Central point load)
14
Chapter 2: Columns
15
Design compression resistance of a column
15
Column with moment from eccentric load
16
Stanchion baseplate
18
Chapter 3: Section Properties
19
Classifications of cross-section
19
BS EN
Page: 3
Chapter 1: Beams
Beam deflection
UDL
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
Dimensions
Beam span L =
Slab span s =
Slab thickness h =
5.00 m
4.00 m
200.00 mm
Properties
Serial size:
2nd moment of area Iy =
SEL("EC3_BS/"type; ID; )
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Iy; ID=size)
=
=
305x165x54
11700.00 cm4
=
=
=
100.00 kN
24.00 kN
2.70 kN
Gk =
126.70 kN
100.00 kN
8.4 mm
6.6 mm
Loads on steel beam

Imposed load on slabs Qk =
5.00 kN/m
h * s * L * 25 = 0.20* 4.00* 5.00* 25

s * L * 1.2 = 4.00* 5.00* 1.2
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; m; ID=size) * L / 100
Slab:
Screed:
Steel beam:
Imposed load Qk = Qk * s * L = 5.00 * 4.00 * 5.00

Deflection under dead load
3
wD =
5 * Gk * L * 10
384* E * Iy * 10
5 * 126.70 * 5000 * 10
384* 210000 * 11700.00 * 10
Deflection under imposed load

3
wI =
5 * Qk * L * 10
384* E * Iy * 10
5 * 100.00 * 5000 * 10
384* 210000 * 11700.00 * 10
Deflection limit
The criteria apply only to deflection under imposed loads. For beams supporting plastered finishes:
Deflection limit wmax =
5000
360
360
The beam meets the deflection criteria:
wI
0.47 1
=
wmax
= 13.9 mm
BS EN
Page: 4
Beam deflection (Central point load)

Central point load P
%
%
$
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
Dimensions an loads
Beam span L =
Imposed load on beam Qk =
Properties
Serial size:
2nd moment of area Iy =
5.00 m
100.00 kN
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Iy; ID=size)
=
=
305x165x54
11700.00 cm4
Deflection under imposed load

3
wI =
Qk * L * 10
48 * E * Iy * 10
100.00 * 5000 * 10
48 * 210000 * 11700.00 * 10
= 10.6 mm
Deflection limit
The criteria apply only to deflection under imposed loads. For beams supporting plastered finishes:
Deflection limit wmax =
5000
360
360
The beam meets the deflection criteria:
wI
0.76 1
=
wmax
= 13.9 mm
BS EN
Page: 5
Design buckling resistance moment of an unrestrained steel beam
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
tf
tw
h
Properties
Adopted serial size:
Steel :
Depth h =
Breadth b =
2nd moment of area Iz =
Plastic modulus W pl,y =
hw
SEL("EC3_BS/steel"; ID; )
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; h; ID=size)
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; b; ID=size)
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Iz; ID=size)
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; W pl,y ; ID=size)
=
=
=
=
=
=
Warping constant Iw =
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Iw ; ID=size)
Torsion constant IT =
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; IT ; ID=size)
Beam span L =
Calculation of M cr
C1 =
0.103 dm6
23.90 cm4
5.00 m
TAB("EC3_BS/C"; C1; Sel = Sel )
Mcr =
254x146x43
S275
259.60 mm
147.30 mm
677.00 cm4
566.00 cm
C1 *
p * E * Iz
L
Iw
Iz
1.00
L * G * IT
2
125.13 kNm
p * E * Iz
Calculation of the design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd

lLT =
fy * W pl,y
Mcr * 10
275.00 * 566.00
125.13 * 10
1.115 kNm
aLT =
lLT,0 =
b=
TAB("EC3_BS/alpha"; aLT; Type=type; Limit>h/b)
0.34
0.40
0.75
FLT =
0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2)
1.088
cLT =
MIN(
0.629
1.000
0.629
1
FLT +
2
LT
f=
MIN( 1 - 0.5 * 1 -
cLT,mod =
MIN(
Mb,Rd =
cLT
f
1
lLT
C1
1
lLT
)(
* 1 - 2.0 * ( l - 0.8 )
LT
; 1.0)
cLT,mod * fy * W pl,y
10
- b * lLT
; 1.00 ;
0.629 * 275.00 * 566.00

10
) ; 1.0)
97.90 kNm
BS EN
Page: 6
Steel beam with central lateral restraint
tf
ULS load P
%
%
$
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
tw
h
Loads and lengths

Single central point load Pd =
Span Lspan =
Effiective unstrained length L =
MEd =
P d * Lspan
hw
100.00 kN
6000.00 mm
3000.00 mm
100.00 * 6.00
150.00 kNm
=
=
305x165x54
S275
Depth h =
Breadth b =
=
=
=
=
310.40 mm
166.90 mm
1063.00 cm4
846.00 cm
Properties
Steel :
Calculation of M cr
C1 =
Mcr =
C1 *
p * E * Iz
L
Iw
Iz
0.234 dm6
34.80 cm4
1.77
L * G * IT
2
793.39 kNm
p * E * Iz

lLT =
fy * W pl,y
Mcr * 10
275.00 * 846.00
793.39 * 10
0.542
aLT =
lLT,0 =
b=
0.34
0.40
0.75
FLT =
0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2)
0.634
cLT =
MIN(
0.943
1
FLT +
2
LT
- b * lLT
; 1.00 ;
1
lLT
BS EN
f=
MIN( 1 - 0.5 * 1 -
cLT,mod =
MIN(
Mb,Rd =
MEd
Mb,Rd
cLT
f
1
lLT
C1
* 1 - 2.0 * ( l - 0.8 )
LT
; 1.0)
10
)(
Page: 7
1.000 * 275.00 * 846.00

10
) ; 1.0)
0.892
1.000
0.64 1
232.65 kNm
BS EN
Page: 8
Buckling resistance of a steel beam
UD load qd
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
tf
tw
h
hw
Loads and lengths

UD load for ultimate limit states qd =
Span Lspan =
Effiective unstrained length L = Lspan
MEd =
qd * Lspan
15.00 kN/m
6000.00 mm
= 6000.00 mm
2
15.00 * 6.00
67.50 kNm
=
=
254x146x43
S275
Depth h =
Breadth b =
=
=
=
=
259.60 mm
147.30 mm
677.00 cm4
566.00 cm
Properties
Steel :
Calculation of M cr
C1 =
Mcr =
C1 *
p * E * Iz
L
Iw
Iz
0.103 dm6
23.90 cm4
1.13
L * G * IT
2
112.19 kNm
p * E * Iz

lLT =
fy * W pl,y
Mcr * 10
275.00 * 566.00
112.19 * 10
1.178
aLT =
lLT,0 =
b=
0.34
0.40
0.75
FLT =
0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2)
1.153
cLT =
MIN(
0.592
1
FLT +
2
LT
- b * lLT
; 1.00 ;
1
lLT
BS EN
f=
MIN( 1 - 0.5 * 1 -
cLT,mod =
MIN(
Mb,Rd =
MEd
Mb,Rd
cLT
f
1
lLT
C1
* 1 - 2.0 * ( l - 0.8 )
LT
; 1.0)
10
)(
Page: 9
0.605 * 275.00 * 566.00

10
) ; 1.0)
0.979
0.605
0.72 1
94.17 kNm
BS EN
Page: 10
Laterally restrained steel floor beam

UDL
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
Properties
Beam span L =
Slab span s =
Slab thickness h =
6.00 m
4.50 m
200.00 mm
Loads
Imposed load on slabs Qk =
5.00 kN/m
h * s * L * 25 = 0.20* 4.50 * 6.00 * 25

s * L * 1.2 = 4.50 * 6.00 * 1.2
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; m; ID=size) * L / 100
Slab:
Screed:
Steel beam:
=
=
=
135.00 kN
32.40 kN
3.14 kN
Gk =
170.54 kN
Imposed load Qk = Qk * s * L = 5.00 * 4.50 * 6.00
135.00 kN
Total UD load for ultimate limit states:

1.35 * Gk + 1.50 * Qk = 1.35 * 170.54 + 1.50 * 135.00
F=
432.73 kN
324.55 kNm
Calculation
F *L
M=
432.73 * 6.00
8
Plastic section modulus W PL required:

6
M * 10 * gM
W PL,required =
1000 * fy
324.55 * 10 * 1.00
1000 * 275.00
= 1180.18 cm
Assumed UB
356x171x67
Serial size:
SEL("EC3_BS/"type; ID; W pl,y > W PL,required)
W PL,UB =
= 1211.00 cm
W PL,required
W PL,UB
1180.18
1211.00
0.97 1
BS EN
Page: 11
Resistance to transverse forces at an end bearing
tf
tw
h
hw
ss
Load and dimension
FEd =
Stiff bearing ss =
200.00 kN
100.00 mm
Steel properties
Steel :
Depth h =
Flange breadth b =
Flange thickness tf =
Web thickness tw =
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; tf; ID=size)
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; tw; ID=size)
Calculation
Web height hw =
h - 2 * tf
MIN( 2 + 6 *
kF =
le =
MIN(
m1 =
tw
( )
ss
hw
kF * E * tw
2 * fy * h w
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
; 6)
; ss )
254x146x43
S275
259.60 mm
147.30 mm
12.70 mm
7.20 mm
234.20 mm
4.56
147.30
7.20
100.00 mm
20.46
Determine three values for the effective loaded length ly

ly,1 =
s s + 2 * t f * ( 1 + m1
ly,2 =
()
le + tf *
ly,3 =
l e + t f * m1 = 100.00 + 12.70 * 20.46
ly =
MIN( ly,1 ; ly,2 ; ly,3 )
m1
2
le
= 100.00 + 2 * 12.70 * ( 1 + 20.46
= 100.00 + 12.70 *
tf
Critical force Fcr = 0.9 * k F * E *
tw
20.46
2
hw
= 0.9 * 4.56 * 210000 *
100.00
12.70
7.20
240.3 mm
207.9 mm
157.4 mm
157.4 mm
234.20
1373.53*103 N
BS EN
Relativ slenderness lF =
Reduction factor cF =
MIN(
l y * t w * fy
F cr
0.5
lF
157.4 * 7.20 * 275.00

1373530
; 1.00)
Design resistance FRd = fy * cF * ly * tw = 27.50* 1.00 * 15.74* 0.72
F Ed
F Rd
200.00
311.65
0.64 1
Page: 12
0.476
1.00
311.65 kN
BS EN
Page: 13
Shear capacity of a beam
b
UD load qd
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
tf
tw
h
hw
Loads and lengths

UD load for ultimate limit states qd =
Span L =
VEd =
Properties
Steel :
Shear Area Av =
qd * L
2
V Ed
V pl,Rd
30.00 * 6.00
90.00 kN
= 254x146x43
=
S275
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Av; ID=size)
Shear resistance
Vpl,Rd =
30.00 kN/m
6000.00 mm
Av *
fy
3 * gM
= 20.20*
27.50
3 * 1.00
0.28 < 1
20.20 cm
= 320.72 kN
BS EN
Page: 14
Shear capacity of a beam (Central point load)
tf
ULS load P
%
%
$
#!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
tw
h
hw
Loads and lengths

UD load for ultimate limit states Pd =
Span L =
VEd =
Properties
Steel :
Shear Area Av =
Pd
2
V Ed
V pl,Rd
200.00
= 100.00 kN
= 254x102x22
=
S275
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; Av; ID=size)
Shear resistance
Vpl,Rd =
200.00 kN
6000.00 mm
Av *
fy
3 * gM
= 15.60*
27.50
3 * 1.00
0.40 < 1
15.60 cm
= 247.68 kN
BS EN
Page: 15
Chapter 2: Columns
Design compression resistance of a column
NEd
%
%
$
;
]
]
L
]
hw
tf
tw
Loads and lengths

Axial load NEd =
Length Lspan =
1000.00 kN
3000.00 mm
Length factor b =
TAB("EC3_BS/LenFact"; f; r=r)
Effective length L =
Axis =
Lspan * b
Properties
Steel :
2nd moment of area I =
Area A =
1.00
=
=
203x203x52
S355
IF( Axis ="z-z"; Iz; Iy)

TAB("EC3_BS/"type; A; ID=size)
=
=
1778.00 cm4
66.30 cm
4094.56 kN
2353.65 kN
0.76
=
=
c
0.49
3000.00 mm
z-z
Calculation
2
Critical buckling load Ncr =
p *E *I
2
L * 10
3.14159 * 210000 * 17780000

2
3000.00 * 10
Plastic axial force capacity = A * fy = 66.30 * 35.50

Slenderness l =
A * fy
Ncr
66.30 * 35.50
4094.56
Curve =
TAB("EC3_BS/BuckCurve"; c; type = type; f>tf ; a=Axis)
Buckling curve value a = TAB("EC3_BS/buckling"; a; curve=Curve)
F=
0.5 * (1 + a * (l - 0.2) + l2)
0.93
c=
MIN(
0.682
F+
-l
;1.0)
Compression resistance NRd = c * fy * A = 0.682 * 35.50* 66.30
NEd
NRd
1000.00
1605.19
0.62 1
1605.19 kN
BS EN
Page: 16
Column with moment from eccentric load

NEd
%
$e
;
]
]
L
]
Loads and lengths

Axial load NEd =
Eccentricity e =
My,Ed =
hw
tf
tw
NEd * e = 400.00 * 0.0809
400.00 kN
80.90 mm
32.36 kNm
Length Lspan =
2800.00 mm
Length factor b =
Effective length L =
Properties
Serial size:
Steel :
Depth h =
Breadth b =
TAB("EC3_BS/LenFact"; f; r=r)
Lspan * b
=
=
0.85
2380.00 mm
=
=
152x152x37
S275
=
=
161.80 mm
154.40 mm
Buckling about the z-z axis

2
Critical buckling load Ncr =
p * E * Iz
2
L * 10
3.14159 * 210000 * 7060000
2380.00 * 10
= 2583.27 kN
Plastic axial force capacity =
A * fy = 47.10 * 27.50
= 1295.25 kN
Slenderness l =
0.71
A * fy
Ncr
47.10 * 27.50
2583.27
Buckling curve value a =
TAB("EC3_BS/buckling"; a; curve=Curve)
0.49
F=
0.5 * (1 + a * (l - 0.2) + l2)
0.88
c=
MIN(
0.714
924.81 kN
F+
-l
;1.0)
Compression resistance NRd = c * fy * A = 0.714 * 27.50* 47.10
NEd
NRd
400.00
924.81
0.43 1
BS EN
Page: 17
Bending about the y-y axis

2
C1 *
Mcr =
p * E * Iz
L
lLT =
fy * W pl,y
Mcr * 10
Iw
Iz
L * G * IT
279.26 kNm
p * E * Iz
275.00 * 309.00
279.26 * 10
0.552
aLT =
lLT,0 =
b=
0.34
0.40
0.75
FLT =
0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2)
0.640
cLT =
MIN(
0.939
1.000
0.939
1
FLT +
2
LT
f=
MIN( 1 - 0.5 * 1 -
cLT,mod =
MIN(
My,b,Rd
1
lLT
C1
10
=
1
lLT
)(
* 1 - 2.0 * ( l - 0.8 )
LT
; 1.0)
My,b,Rd =
My,Ed
cLT
- b * lLT
; 1.00 ;
32.36
79.79
0.939 * 275.00 * 309.00

10
0.41 1
0.84 1
) ; 1.0)
Interaction check
NEd
My,Ed
NRd My,b,Rd
400.00 32.36
+
924.81 79.79
79.79 kNm
tf
BS EN
hw
Page: 18
tw
Stanchion baseplate
Column
Steel baseplate
Grout
Holding-down bolt
Load
Axial load NEd =
800.00 kN
Material properties
Serial size:
Steel :
Lh
Depth h =
Breadth b =
=
=
203x203x60
S275
=
=
209.60 mm
205.80 mm
Yield strength of concrete fyk =

Bearing
Lbstrength of concrete fjd =
Minimum outstand
c=
0.5 *
NEd * 10
2 * b * fjd
-tf
0.67 * fyk
) (
30.00 N/mm
20.10 N/mm
800.00 * 10
= 0.5 *
2 * 205.80 * 20.10
- 14.20
h
=
41 mm
19 mm
Minimum baseplate thickness

tb =
c*
3*
fjd
fy
= 41 *
3*
20.10
275.00
Baseplate dimensions
Lh =
h+2*c
292 mm
Lb =
b+2*c
288 mm
Note that the more detailed design rules in EC3

may show a smaller baseplate is structurally
adequate. However, detailed consideration of the
edge spacing and clearance required for the
holding-down bolts may show that a smaller
baseplate is not practically.
Lh
Lb
hw
tw
BS EN
Page: 19
Chapter 3: Section Properties

Classifications of cross-section
tf
tw
h
hw
Profile type:
Serial size:
Steel :
SEL("EC3_BS/Profile"; Ret; )
=
UB
= 254x146x43
=
S275
Flange thickness tf =
Nominal yield stength fy =
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; tf; ID=size)

TAB("EC3_BS/nom_fy"; fy; Steel=Steel; t>tf)
=
=
Coefficient e =
Flange check
Flange outstand c =
Limit lF =
235
fy
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; c; ID=size)
12.70 mm
275.00 N/mm
0.92
62.50 mm
5.35
Class = TAB("EC3_BS/classes"; Class; Check ="Flange"; Val>lF)
Class 1
Web in bending
Depth d =
Web thickness tw =
=
=
219.00 mm
7.20 mm
Limit lW =
tf * e
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; d; ID=size)
TAB("EC3_BS/"type; tw; ID=size)
33.06
Class = TAB("EC3_BS/classes"; Class; Check ="Bending"; Val>lW )
Class 1
Web in compression
Class = TAB("EC3_BS/classes"; Class; Check ="Compression"; Val>lW )
Class 2
tw * e
Results
Overall section class for bending:
Class 1
Overall section class for compression:
Class 2

BS en 1993

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EXAMPLES TO EUROCODE

Steel Design to EN 1993

NOTHING BEATS A GREAT TEMPLATE

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Beam deflection (Central point load)

Design buckling resistance moment of an unrestrained steel beam

Steel beam with central lateral restraint

Buckling resistance of a steel beam

Laterally restrained steel floor beam

Resistance to transverse forces at an end bearing

Shear capacity of a beam

Shear capacity of a beam (Central point load)

Design compression resistance of a column

Column with moment from eccentric load

Chapter 3: Section Properties

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel Design to EN 1993

Loads on steel beam

h * s * L * 25 = 0.20* 4.00* 5.00* 25

Imposed load Qk = Qk * s * L = 5.00 * 4.00 * 5.00

384* 210000 * 11700.00 * 10

Deflection under imposed load

384* 210000 * 11700.00 * 10

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel Design to EN 1993

Beam deflection (Central point load)

Deflection under imposed load

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel Design to EN 1993

Design buckling resistance moment of an unrestrained steel beam

TAB("EC3_BS/C"; C1; Sel = Sel )

Calculation of the design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd

TAB("EC3_BS/alpha"; aLT; Type=type; Limit>h/b)

0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2)

0.629 * 275.00 * 566.00

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel Design to EN 1993

Steel beam with central lateral restraint

Loads and lengths

TAB("EC3_BS/C"; C1; Sel = Sel )

Calculation of the design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd

TAB("EC3_BS/alpha"; aLT; Type=type; Limit>h/b)

0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2)

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel Design to EN 1993

1.000 * 275.00 * 846.00

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel Design to EN 1993

Buckling resistance of a steel beam

Loads and lengths

TAB("EC3_BS/C"; C1; Sel = Sel )

Calculation of the design buckling resistance moment Mb,Rd

TAB("EC3_BS/alpha"; aLT; Type=type; Limit>h/b)

0.5 * (1 + aLT * (lLT - lLT,0) + b * lLT2)

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel Design to EN 1993

0.605 * 275.00 * 566.00

Interactive Design Aids for Structural Engineers

Steel Design to EN 1993

Laterally restrained steel floor beam

h * s * L * 25 = 0.20* 4.50 * 6.00 * 25

Imposed load Qk = Qk * s * L = 5.00 * 4.50 * 6.00

Total UD load for ultimate limit states: