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National Council for Cement and Building Materials conducted experiments on concrete samples instead of
sieved mortar sample. The experimental set-up (Fig. 2) consisted of a wooden box in which a 5-litre capacity
polyethylene bottle surrounded by glass wool was placed. About one Kg concrete sample was first diluted with
800 cc water to which 500 gm of concentrated HCL was added. The mixture was stirred with a rod and the
temperature of the mixture was measured with a thermometer. The experimental investigation resulted in the
following regression equation:
Y = 12.28 + 3X
Where : Y = cement content (in gm) of the sample of concrete, and
X = temperature difference of oC
The above method is applicable only for concrete made with OPC, if the pozzolana content in PPC is known,
then this method can be used after making due corrections for the amount of pozzolana in the cement content so
determined.
Air content of the sample can be determined by conventional methods. Thus knowing the water-cement ratio and
air-content concrete 28-days strength can be predicted. For a direct approach in predicting the concrete strength,
it is desirable that water-cement ratio v/s 28-days concrete cube strength curves be drawn from the actual site
materials.
References
1. Evaluation of Quality of in-place Fresh Concrete-Cement Research Institute of India.
2. Kanda M.A. measuring method for water-cement ratio in fresh concrete. Transaction of Japan Society of Civil
Engineers, 3,2. November, 1972.
3. A. Howdyshell, Operation Guide Water and Cement content of fresh Concrete, Technical Report M-177
(CERL, Feb, 1976).
We at engineeringcivil.com are thankful to Sir Kaushal Kishore for submitting this paper to us. We are hopeful
that this paper will help students who wish to know more about concrete quality control.