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FAMILIA
Estructura Familiar
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Estructura Familiar
Los nios tambin tienen mayor probabilidad de vivir con uno o ningn padre
en Norteamrica, Europa, y Oceana que en Asia y el Medio Oriente, aunque
vivir con familias extendidas es menos comn en estas regiones.
La proporcin de adultos en edad de reproduccin que estn casados est
declinando alrededor del mundo.
El matrimonio tiende a ser ms comn en Asia y en el Medio Oriente, mientras
que las alternativas al matrimonioincluyendo la convivenciason ms
populares en Europa y Centro y Sudamrica. Norteamrica, Oceana, y frica
Subsahariana caen entre medio.
Estructura Familiar
Entre el 20 % (Chile) y el 35 % (Colombia) de los adultos en edad de reproduccin son parte de las
uniones que conviven en Sudamrica, con Colombia registrando el nivel ms alto de convivencia de
cualquier pas en nuestro estudio global.
La convivencia ha llegado a ser prevalente en Espaa, duplicando su popularidad del 7% de la
poblacin adulta en el 2007 al 14% en el 2011.
Las tasas de fertilidad varan ampliamente alrededor del mundo. Las mujeres en Asia Oriental y
Europa experimentan bajo niveles de fertilidad que pueden resultar en una disminucin de las
poblaciones, mientras que las mujeres en algunos pases del frica Subsahariana en la actualidad
tienen ms bebes que en el pasado reciente.
Centro y Sudamrica es el lugar de las tasas ms elevadas del mundo de natalidad sin matrimonio,
seguido por el Norte de Europa y Europa Occidental. En Sudamrica ms de la mitad de los nios
nacen de madres solteras (Colombia: 84%). En la mayora de Europa, entre un tercio y la mitad de
los nios nacen fuera del matrimonio (en Francia y Suecia, son ms del 50%). En muchos pases
europeos, la edad promedio del primer matrimonio ahora excede la edad promedio del primer parto.
Sources: www.worldfamilymap.org/2015/e-ppendix/figure2
55
55
42 39 40 47
41
45
15
45
29
17
24 22
34
31
EASTERN
EUROPE
48
75-100%
Hungary (2001)
Poland
Romania (2002)
Russian Federation
60
50-75%
WESTERN
EUROPE
70
France (2006)
Germany
Ireland (2011)
Italy (2001)
Netherlands
Spain (2001)
Sweden
United Kingdom
25-50%
Australia
New Zealand
0-25%
OCEANIA
60
Canada2 (2011)
Mexico (2010)
United States (2010)
49
NORTH
AMERICA
64
CENTRAL AND
SOUTH AMERICA
49 46
Argentina (2001)
Bolivia1 (2008)
Brazil (2010)
Chile (2002)
Colombia1 (2009-10)
Costa Rica (2000)
Nicaragua (2005)
Paraguay
Peru1 (2012)
58
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
32
42
43 43
MIDDLE
EAST
50 44
Egypt1 (2014)
Israel
Jordan1 (2012)
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey1 (2008)
50
ASIA
China
India (2004)
Indonesia (2010)
Japan
Malaysia (2000)
Philippines (2000)
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
FIGURE 2
Percentage of children living with probable extended family (adults in addition to parents)
NO DATA
NOT SELECTED
FOR WFM
100
43
Egypt2
(2014)
Egypt
100
Israel5
(2010)
Turkey6
(2013)
64
50
744
14
Convivencia con los padres
2251
11
3150
14
12
14
37
Congo (DRC)1,52
Congo
(DRC)
(2013-14)
(2013-14)
100
0100
Congo (DRC)1
(2013-14)
50
50
ng Arrangements, 2000-2011
100
50
50
13
2472
44
(2008-09)
72
Kenya1
(2008-09)
24
3521 71
19 66
9
55
24
(2008)
Ghana1
(2008)
Nigeria2
Nigeria
(2013)
(2011)
69
Argentina5
(2007)
20
1
WESTERN
STERN
EUROPE
ROPE
100
50
62
South Africa1
(1998) --
6276
3527
201167
1972
5
Rica
Costa Rica
Costa
(2000)
(2000)
1
Colombia
Colombia2
(2009-10)
(2009-10)
7
Chile
Chile
(2012)
(2002)
Canada
(2006) 4
Canada
33(2011)
Brazil
-- 8
(2009)
Bolivia1
(2008)
6376
55
Mexico2
(2010)
Mexico
(2010)
19
5
Chile9
(2014)
15
69
49
27
4
United States
(2011)
41 States
United
(2010)
Colombia1
(2009-10)
0 100
50
Nigeria1,7
(2013)
Brazil
Brazil
(2014)
(2010)
(2013)
20 84
2922
South Africa
South
Africa
(2007)
25
2445
60
17
17
54 20
Tanzania2 1,6
Tanzania
(2011-12)
Uganda2 1.5
Uganda
(2011)
Tanzania1
(2011-12)
Uganda1
(2011)
29
(2011-12)
66
(2011)
30
702924
75
76 192924
6
10
2
Peru
Peru
(2012)
(2012)
1
Nicaragua
Nicaragua
(2001)
(2005)
reproductive age
adultswho
of live
%%ofofchildren
with
no parents age
reproductive
(18-49) cohabiting
adultswho
of live
%%ofofchildren
with
two parents age
reproductive
(18-49) married
% of adults of
%reproductive
of children whoage
live
(18-49)
cohabiting
with
no parents
100
1978
43
100
Ethiopia1
(2011)
Kenya
Kenya1,5
(2009)
30
(2011)
43
12
63 2026
10
56
667
100
50
11
Ghana1,5
Ghana
(2010)
1,5
Bolivia
Bolivia2
(2008)
(2008)
Argentina
Argentina
(2013)
(2001)
0 100
50
23
1828
00
100
100
77
Ethiopia12
Ethiopia
(2011)
30
15
16
36
3
1248
(2011)
78
4
58
reproductive age
% of allcohabiting
live births
(18-49)
Turkey2
(2008)
Turkey
(2012)
56
54
63
100 50 en Sudamrica?
Qu sucede
Jordan2
(2012) Qatar4
Jordan
(2007)
(2013)
0 100
NORTH
CENTRAL AND
SUB-SAHARAN
NORTH
CENTRAL
AND
SUB-SAHARAN
CENTRAL AND
SUB-SAHARAN
AMERICA NORTH SOUTH AMERICA
AFRICA
AMERICA
SOUTH
AMERICA
AFRICA
AMERICA
SOUTH AMERICA
AFRICA
Israel3
(2011)
Israel3
(2012)
OCEANIA OCEANIA
OCEANIA
MIDDLE
EAST MI
E
50
with
parentsof
% ofnoadults
Costa Rica5
(2009)
50
Nicaragua5
(2008)
1482
43
50
100
0
50
Paraguay5
(2008)
Peru1
9(2012)
76
49
New(2006)
Zealand1
(2007)
Australia
(2010)
New Zealand
14 (2009)
%%ofofchildren
adultswho
of live
with one parent
reproductive age
24
New Zealand
49 0
18
Australia
(2012)
Australia
33
(2009-10)
cohabiting
%(18-49)
of children
who live
with no parents
Canada
(2011)
10
Mexico
(2010) 11
4
26
3981
4283
United States
9
(2013)
4779
11
14
3889
2
54
88
9
8448
7938
% of adults of
%reproductive
of children whoage
live
with
two parents
(18-49)
married
% of adults of
reproductive age
married
%(18-49)
of children
who live
7624
27
% of adults of
%reproductive
of children whoage
live
with one parent
Egypt
(2008)
Jordan
(2010)
Turkey
(2011)
50
MIDDLECENTRAL AND
ASIA
EASTSOUTH AMERICA
37
62
43
29
44
Congo (DRC)
(2005)
Ethiopia
(2010)
38
100
Ghana
(2005)
50
29
23
15
10
10
Japan1
(2010)
South Korea
(2006)
Taiwan
(2010)
50
China
(2002)
100
50
India
(2004)
Chile
(2011)
Brazil 27
(2012)
Argentina 21 Bolivia
(2012)
(2011)
Egypt
(2012)
100
% of population
living below
$1.25/day
(for most recent
year available1)
FIGURE
Relative
poverty,
2002-2013
Nigeria
South7Africa
Tanzania
Uganda
(2010)
(2011)
(2012)
(2012)
Kenya
(2005)
% of children < 18
who are living at
<50% of median
income of general
population
100
100
50
Nicaragua
(2009)
Costa Rica
(2012)
0
Colombia
(2012)
Israel
(2010)
31 Paraguay
Peru
(2012)
(2012)
% of population
living below
$1.25/day
(for most recent
year available1)
% of children < 18
who are living at
<50% of median
income of general
population
South Africa
(2010)
50
50
29
Brazil
(2011)
0
100
NORTH
AMERICA
% of children < 18
who are living at
<50% of median
income of general
population
29
25
14
24
100
20
50
50
14
12
Australia
(2010)
New Zealand1
(2010)
Canada
(2010)
100
Peru
(2013)
Colombia1,2
(2010)
Mexico
(2012)
50
100
OCEANIA
NORTH
CENTRAL AND
AMERICA
SOUTH AMERICA
100
STERN
ROPE
q L o s b e n e fi c i o s
pblicos familiares a
travs de los pases
representados en la
Organizacin de
Cooperacin y
Desarrollo Econmico
(OECD) fluctan de
menos del 1 % hasta
4 % del producto
interno bruto (PIB).
88
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
100
Mexico
(2010)
United States
(2013)
% of children < 18
who are living at
<50% of median
income of general
population
% of population
living below
$1.25/day
<5
16
<5 <5 9 <5
17
<5 <5 <5
<5 <5
<5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5 <5
<5 <5 <5 <5
Australia (2014-16)
New Zealand (2014-16)
France (2014-16)
Germany (2014-16)
Ireland (2014-16)
Italy (2014-16)
Netherlands (2014-16)
Spain (2014-16)
Sweden (2014-16)
United Kingdom (2014-16)
Hungary (2014-16)
Poland (2014-16)
Romania (2014-16)
Russian Federation1 (2014-16)
10 8
Canada (2014-16)
Mexico (2014-16)
United States (2014-16)
0-10%
20-30%
NO DATA
10-20%
30-40%
NOT SELECTED
FOR WFM
EASTERN
EUROPE
32 26
WESTERN
EUROPE
7 <5
OCEANIA
21
NORTH
AMERICA
<5
CENTRAL AND
SOUTH AMERICA
32
Argentina (2014-16)
Bolivia (2014-16)
Brazil (2014-16)
Chile (2014-16)
Colombia (2014-16)
Costa Rica (2014-16)
Nicaragua (2014-16)
Paraguay (2014-16)
Peru (2014-16)
<5 <5
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
Egypt (2014-16)
Israel1 (2014-16)
Jordan (2014-16)
Qatar
Saudi Arabia (2014-16)
Turkey (2014-16)
MIDDLE
EAST
ASIA
China (2014-16)
India (2014-16)
Indonesia (2014-16)
Japan (2014-16)
Malaysia (2014-16)
Philippines (2014-16)
Singapore1 (2002-04)
South Korea (2014-16)
Taiwan2 (2011-13)
100
50
Sources: www.worldfamilymap.org/2015/e-ppendix/figure8
31
20
27 26 29
1 7
50-75%
NO DATA
25-50%
75-100%
NOT SELECTED
FOR WFM
38
30
22
12
44
87
73
61
80
86 86
EASTERN
EUROPE
21
0-25%
Hungary (2001)
Poland1 (2010)
Romania (2002)
Russian Federation1 (2010)
4
11
75
WESTERN
EUROPE
24
72
France1 (2010)
Germany1 (2010)
Ireland (2011)
Italy1 (2010)
Netherlands1 (2010)
Spain1 (2010)
Sweden1 (2005)
United Kingdom1 (2010)
31
86
Australia1 (2010)
New Zealand
89
OCEANIA
40
Canada1 (2010)
Mexico (2010)
United States1 (2013)
77
NORTH
AMERICA
12
CENTRAL AND
SOUTH AMERICA
51
Argentina (2010)
Bolivia2 (2008)
Brazil (2010)
Chile (2002)
Colombia2 (2009-10)
Costa Rica (2000)
Nicaragua (2005)
Paraguay
Peru (2007)
45
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
18
31
75
34
87
MIDDLE
EAST
50
88
Egypt2 (2006)
Israel1 (2010)
Jordan2 (2012)
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey2 (2008)
100
ASIA
China1 (2002)
India (2004)
Indonesia (2010)
Japan1 (2008)
Malaysia (2000)
Philippines2 (2013)
Singapore
South Korea1 (2006)
Taiwan1 (2010)
70
89
53
57
Sources: www.worldfamilymap.org/2015/e-ppendix/figure9
80
23
100
50
32
52
70
68
67
100
China
India
Philippines
South Korea
South Africa
50
CENTRAL AND
SOUTH AMERICA
ASIA
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
50
64
44
100
50
Mexico
82
44
64 63
56 61
93
55
OCEANIA
NORTH AMERICA
100
South Ko
Proceso Familiar
% of adults (18+) who strongly
agree or agree that both the
man and woman should
contribute to the household
income
50
100
South Africa
100
50
28
46
66
78
50
84
31
68
19
% of just
adults
(18+) who
strongly
spend time
talking
to their
agree
both the
parentsagree
everyorday
or that
almost
man
and
woman
should
every day
South Korea
China (Hong Kong)
Chile
China (Macao)
So
100
60 5559
5050
47
or very satisfied
howtheir
well family
they are
67 65 discusscompletely
with
lifedoing
at school with their parents
every day
almost
every
% oforadults
(18+)
whoday
strongly
agree or agree that both the
man and woman should
Percentage
of 15-year-olds
who
contribute
to the household
income
spend time
just talking to their
parents every day or almost
every day
United States
Canada
Chile
STERN
ROPE
OCEANIA
59 54
Australia
Philippines
100
TERN
ROPE
NORTH AMERICA
50
50
30
100
100
100
92
88
Argentina
NORTH
India
100
NORTH
AMERICA
CENTRAL AND
SOUTH AMERICA
100
52
68
CENTRAL AND
AMERICA
SOUTH
AMERICA
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
32
China
CENTRAL AND
SOUTH AMERICA
ASIA
50
50
70
100
85
Taiwan
100
82
47
30
ASIA
ASIA
85
92
59 54
100
50
64
500
Percentage
of 15-year-olds who
% of adults (18+) who strongly
discuss agree
how well
theythat
are both
doing
or agree
the
at school
with
parents
man
andtheir
woman
should
contribute
to the
household
every day
or almost
every
day
44
income
Australia
100
0
57 50
82
87
Mexico
44
64 63
56 61
55
Cultura Familiar
Sources: www.worldfamilymap.org/2015/e-ppendix/figure13
57
50-75%
NO DATA
25-50%
75-100%
NOT SELECTED
FOR WFM
63
44
49
48
24
39
49 53
60
53
Hungary
Poland
Romania
Russian Federation
69
0-25%
EASTERN
EUROPE
63
WESTERN
EUROPE
40
France
Germany
Great Britain
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands
Spain
Sweden
66
Australia
New Zealand
52
OCEANIA
50
Canada
Mexico
United States
45
NORTH
AMERICA
32
CENTRAL AND
SOUTH AMERICA
19
36 33
49
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Peru
80
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
Percentage of adults (18+) who approve of a woman who wants to have a child as a
single parent but doesnt want to have a stable relationship with a man
40
58
MIDDLE
EAST
100
Egypt
Israel
Jordan
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey
NOT SELECTED
FOR WFM
ASIA
NO DATA
75-100%
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
Philippines
Singapore
South Korea
Taiwan
50-75%
25-50%
Hungary
Poland (2005)
Romania
Russian Federation (2006)
0-25%
EASTERN
EUROPE
62
WESTERN
EUROPE
74
France (2006)
Germany (2006)
Great Britain (2006)
Ireland
Italy
Netherlands (2006)
Spain (2007)
Sweden (2006)
Australia (2005)
New Zealand
40
46 47 52
OCEANIA
29
Canada (2006)
Mexico (2000)
United States (2006)
46
NORTH
AMERICA
64
CENTRAL AND
SOUTH AMERICA
50
Argentina (2013)
Bolivia
Brazil (2006)
Chile (2005)
Colombia
Costa Rica
Nicaragua
Paraguay
Peru (2006)
SUB-SAHARAN
AFRICA
2
9
20
MIDDLE
EAST
Egypt (2008)
Israel
Jordan1 (2007)
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Turkey (2007)
14 17
ASIA
0
China
India
Indonesia
Japan
Malaysia
Philippines (2001)
Singapore (2002)
South Korea (2005)
Taiwan (2006)
100
56
Sources: www.worldfamilymap.org/2015/e-ppendix/figure14
46
NO EXISTE UNA MEJOR MANERA: TRABAJO, FAMILIA Y FELICIDAD A TRAVS DEL MUNDO
En el Medio Oriente, el 91 por ciento de los adultos de Qatar indican que confan plenamente
en sus familias, como lo hacen el 94 por ciento de los adultos de Turqua y un sorprendente 97
por ciento de los adultos en Jordania y el 99 por ciento de los adultos en Egipto.
51
52