10/20/2015

82/100

ASSIGNMENT# 2
Fourier Transform
Tahmina Fatima Siddiqui

BAHRIA UNIVERSITY KARACHI

1. Generate two wavelets, one with 1-10 Hz frequency range and other with 1-20Hz
frequency range (both with zero phase). Which one is sharper and which one is better for
seismic resolution? (Display both wavelets with your answer).
WAVELET # 1:
With 1-10 Hz frequencies and zero phase;

Less sharper then wavelet #2.

Better for delineate structures of greater depths.

15/15

Wavelet # 2:
With 1-20 Hz frequency and zero phase;

Sharper then wavelet #1.

Better for seismic resolution.

Wavelet # 2 with 1-20 Hz frequency is sharper and is better for seismic resolution.

2. Generate a wavelet with 1-20 Hz frequency range and change phase of each component
to 90 degree (pi/2 radians). Display the wavelet and discuss how the shape of wavelet
changes.
WAVELET # 3:

The phase of all the wavelet changes to 900 thus the result is an asymmetric wavelet. The
change in the shape of the wavelet is due to the change in phase.

15/15

15/15
3. Repeat above exercise by changing phase to 180 degree. Discuss the results. (note: phase
should be input in radians)
WAVELET # 4:

Wavelet # 4 is the mirror image of Wavelet # 1, as the phase is changed to 1800.

WAVELET # 1

WAVELET # 4

The180 o phase shift reverse the polarity of wavelet # 1 and forms a wavelet with negative peak
i-e, wavelet # 4 due to negative amplitude.

12/20
4. Now generate a wavelet with 1-20Hz frequency range by changing phase of each
component according to table given below.

Display the final wavelet. Compare its shape with zero phase wavelet of 1-20Hz frequency range.
Do both look same in shape? If no why? If yes why? Is the wavelet shifted? If yes how much?

WAVELET # 5:

Wavelet #5 is the linear phase shifted version of wavelet # 2, as linear phase shifts
are applied to shift the wavelet in time without changing its shape.

Comparison of the shape of wavelet # 5

with wavelet #2 of zero phase wavelet of 1-20Hz frequency range.

WAVELET # 5

WAVELET # 2

The shape of wavelet # 5 looks like the shape of wavelet # 2 probably due to the same no of frequencies
but phase varies linearly with frequency, the wavelet remains unchanged in shape but it is displaced in
time. The wavelet is shifted towards left from 254 to 116.

14/20
5. You have generated two wavelets in question-1. What will be output if we convolve both
wavelets with each other? (hint: work smartly, try frequency domain operation)

CONVOLVED WAVELET

11/15
6. Identify each type of energy (e.g. reflections, refractions, ground rolls, airwaves etc) on
the seismic shot gather and mark possible corresponding areas/ zones where these
different types of energies can lie on fk spectrum.