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VI, 2, 23-27;. Apocahp~',,;(~, XI, 1;, etc.]. , '

Cind evanghehstul Lucu ]~11nooJw discursul cu alirrnutin cil "l~n incnput n Iost Cuvlntul", 0] nu Inco declt ~rl-~ pll I' It 1'1'l! ZtI :t.n I'" P illI~~o 1'0; C1111'( I 1'1 I IIHllfll' , till pt Int.H .\11 H'o I voucuri .rnni tnuinl.o, ell: II°Ev (LPXG b "APlOIWC;" (I III 1I1eoplll,: II I'w\l, Nuruiirul). POIII.4I t~jl 'ill, 1~III1\'illgtlI'I1U l'~i Pi t.III{Ol'" , IV f1,lIIiil'/l1 1.'!i(.I': 1.01. II (IX P"tIHIlI It I :o~~~'S-l,lllll, udic:ilu lIlIlli Vllill\n tliviul', dill' ImhHLI'Ilt.1I1 JI:Jllclll'" lui 1111 i IIl.tlI'tlHtlU "'Ii d I, lIt~i tin II II \,j II 'III (~tlil \.(1 x 1.111 II mil, 1'11, ::;i ponto till muximu '1VlulglwliH,I,ultli Ilul\l~ ,~Iini 111I 1'1-11.0 II Jllll'ul'l'HZli: Sn, ~I.itl ,\~i 'In Ht:I:H~I'PU ")'1'111,1:11 Iltllll,IlI'pln ~tI J'oc1llti JlI'III 111,111'0, rWI\1,l1't1 Itl,tu'jl t,' IlIlHhtll,1I1111 (lhl'~I,lt\ nv111lJ 0 ""llmil,'j Vlllqlll'O IIl1J1WI'U',il, II~II IlIdl, 01'11',(1 (~lIV111', 111'(\ Hi tIl, Iwill 111HlIIIIIU'IHI vulurilur lil.lIl'tllol' C\OIlIPllllflllt.tI ,:_ 0 \'lIlwH'." lIullltll'i4~ii. 1'1';11 ",. III II I'll, (lllld 4lVIIIIV,lulliHl.1I1 11114\11 HPIIHI,', I:ii ,,1:" 1111',111,1111. I,ll fIH'I: (:11\:111- till" .,1 1111 PUI'lIfl'IIZllIIZIl 1II1l~ 111111 IIl1 I Il,llgtJIlI, OJ tI

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Totulituteu UUllo~tjll\.tl.lOill L(~(md.it:1l ~i ]u'uc:Lil:o I'dlll'iloHI'(\ ]a proportii, dobindite ,!fin prin cUJl~Lattu'i directc, fie prin. deductii, fie din :lexpcritJl ~ U, alcat.uiesc 0 disciplinii pe cure 0 numin]: ~'liinta proporiillor ..

Stiinta proportiilor are i(,1oui1 pal'~,i: 0 parte teoretieii, al carui ohiect este cerccl,41'cU ~i iuvunturicrou legilor p1'OJlo~\,iilor, ~i un~ prac#c~f' al cll~'ui object .esLe HI?Jicurea leglJUl' JH'UpOl'~'l1h.H' .IUPf."H'I'f(.f. 111 prnpol'{ ic H uh lOoLldm' crnnl.o tin mlnn omului il: ~i HlHlJlW H o I'el'lll 01' do nrhiI,pcLul'a ~i (10 UI'I.~\ plusIJ\!Ji'i,

PUI'Luu 'l.l~OI'olidi, po cml'(~ 0 I'"I.PIII uumi Hi trori« /Jl'tJ/UJr·, (ii/or, t~m'nnl.nn~li II'J.(iI4~ :!p,'opol'~.iilo,', Ing~ pxiR\'mlLn din i.ottinntlJlH In nlurn ornului (ht mtHJII"~ ~i 111 uul.urri], pl'04n.:iHLI~Itt.4' inv'~Rl.ig~l'l/nIOl' uruuuu. 111 IwnIlHI,i1 )lUI'I.B tmu'nLieil Hn euprirul ~i cUllin HHpl1cLn suhsid inr« - nuxluJ nre It H,i Hi IH holjHJII U I - el:II'(I IIlI HIli!. Ingi It It I. urnlu PI'O I' J'i 11- ~i8n ult~ IH'OpOI'\,iilcu', ch~l!i'pol. rlovoni It'gi 11111 I'I'OIU.J'~,iilol', nt.uuui «filld mint.lIl OH lit 11 HIIIH.',ji 10 4:0111\11'1' HIII,(II·il.H(.P, )H'oitH~l,llldll"lcl ill urlldi,: 111 lUIIHlIl IIUBHll't~lol' H,i u rOI'-

11101 cH',:1 ,

PUl'l,on pl'llel.idi 110 OO"~II'I 4111 pllllPl'tl1l 111 IlI'tI)lIII'tI41 a

opcH'nlol' do IIl'Jlil.tlol.lIl'1'i ~i: dn url," I'IIIHl.ioil, l'" hlli',11 IlIgiloJ', 11111,111' IIln tWII Btl, Illn pl'~;'1 H lI'\,i i 101', 111'1 iou!.c, i II mod c:o II ~ ~l.ic'lll, HUll i lloollH,l,ill II 1" ]: t~1I lI,illl.ClI'lIl IIIIW' f'nglili HIIU

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12

11I'4\H~H'ipt-ii, tl~ dPt:III'KlaI iH.I.III:~41i ~i ill difpl'ilt In 1'.11110 ~nH-

.. " gl'"~Il~(l, I'I'J1"lrln ~I IH't1KI~J'IJI~lIlo dll )1"11(11'11 II 1'1'()IHII'~.in,

\~. dPI'IVIII.I,' dill I,'~rln ":" '~l'/dn Hln !,!'opol'li 1411', IItI I'cH·II,

.' l~d"HPOI'l mllf\Hl,m:n~:(1 1Ilt.11Il O~I I'Pguli ~i 11 'I~H':J'ipl,ii CHI

O'"'WII.,'I' IlIt·*I.I'~lIg{II'I'HO, 111111111.11 H{i 1rdnHIIi IIH{'.i'1 nul.ivi- 1.,,1,1111 pl'lIfj'H.inlli~t.iltll' J'!'H pl'nt.i V i, HIlII I~i'i t',III1C:I'l'l.i l,n1,(\ Hllum,iLp clt.'g'1ll0 ,HUll 1:llll1l1l1dmnnnL4I mligil nAil, plllil.il~1l HIlII IHIIIIIOlltltl. LII II 1'111111'1',1 II [0111'1.(1 Iliulin OHi',III'j II" Ho IIIl1i I'tllIl.(1 rllt~tI diHl.illlll.ill 1111.1'0 I'j'gtllill' 11111,111'11141 do 1'",111'1'11 III 1~1'(JI'OI'PIl I'l'lIpl'ill"I,iKIl ~i _t\lIlr 1!lII.41, tltlnll, jll'IIII.I'-O /llIlIllI',ii - dnHLlli do IlIigillollHII Hi " Invoitlm:i'i -U ~lI~Llll'ii dnlJ)cHll.plul' Ill'il.lJwLico ~i ~l\U1~l(l1. 'ieo Iulusil.«, nellnll RPp"i'1nd P)Pfllf".I.I.t!iH tll't{lIl1inn (dnf'iVII n dill In~dln IIULUJ'uJc uJ(l lu'opnr:t,lJloJ') de ePln lIJIUl'gU liee (IipHil'll do un SIJJHH'L ill ~flgJl(! IIIlLw'l1ln 1110 JH'OPOf' .iilur).

Un ~I'lJP do I'eg-ull suu do J)f'nHeJ'jl'~,ji dn pll H\I'n 111. jll'O-

IHJI'l,H! jJoatn alcutui 0 nuuodii HUH U 11 sisten . .'

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. mlnn orioui, ell nsl.iiz], cl constil.uia npannjul IInUI gl'up restrins de indivizi, curd alirmau cil se uflu in legaLul'ii directa ou zeii §i cil de la acestia au primit ~i continua

sa primaasoa toate secretele ounoastorii. .

Stadiul ounostintolor ~tiintifice nu era insii chiar attt de I'UUinUHlLul' ~i do lnapuiul. 1'0 ell. crodeuu phlU JIll rlnmnlt , enntnmpru-nnii 'lIo~LI'i, rnilHlI'i dn jll'Ogl'P,AP,lf:

~l,iill\ni IIIOd«"'III'. I )inqtol;,I'id'.1 PI' 1,i (HI t,I'I'O" Ko I'no I,II~~ Utl8Cop0l'i1'i HI'1}(jol~)ginu"I~It.ol'ien, nnl'n. IlI:tlHI ij di l~nll':l1 u;jI,IIIRnA(lI'I)III lin ':' vI'I d(l.:mlllon~I.I,II'1' lllllll~'f~' ~ In 1""111 1.~1I" N u nl.inaeserii h iuolu lnlcA, s t.uc 11111 I'OH hZlII'IIOI' l.uhnic« JIIOtlW'II{I, dill" HLlip'irHlIlu t.nlll41illil' filoHol'ill, gl\ogl'lIri~~. ustruunmin, JIl.ULt'Jlllll.idl.n, IlIt,d il~i 1111, ~.I.iill ~fllp 11111111'11, ~LjjJl \,elo Jizicu-c It i miell ol.o.

AeosL imons toznur ~Liillprie, (:111'1' Hn illlhogii\,oll ,ill PUt'llLUJ 1(111 Fi, Uti 1'10 d if U~H, II i uuln \.4\ II ~H, II! IlIlIcI. plI" III:, oi, pOIILl'U en Sii.I'lllllillit:snm'nt., !w 1.~'nIiRIlI~ll.n" d!" gPII~~,'ut,io 111. A'tHIfH'u~.ln, pH tHain 1I1doO}\IIIH 111'11111, 1111111 IlII1~ll~I' 1'0111'1,0 nllo dl\ iutl iv ii'.i i~tdnl:~.io.1I11 \-i, 111 00111.1'11 dtl ,,1111-' ~,itll'nu, urul« illi\.it~I'IHI :,LUII~.il'il~1I 111'11 11ullilllll.ii 1\\1 iuil,~I," !'nil t,llologit:il·".,ligioIlKiL: ntlll4ll'joiUl'ii 1I1'1I1~,1 1I~lIdlll', ~ IP IIIOIIIII'hii 14Il'.lIli, riel 1"'l'ot-ji d .. "illig Iunlf., liP ". 111 HOt"U:' LiH,ilo !.nucl'lIl ieo - pOI'~VlIlIlI «:um 1111.I'IIIIU/lII UllliJllln 0111. ..

Ut\.i: ~\II\'I'I""lii I~II I'lIl1g ell' 1I11I1'i 1'1'1111 i. ~II 1.II\f,lp¥,1I

('·jl Ipgiln p,'opo"\-iilol'. (111l1Kidpl'llltl " r dll HIlI,UI", ~i dl' iUHpil'u tin tli v iuii, 11(\11 pllil lIll 1110 til! l:iIlHt.n 11l LI'Utiit·in illitinl.id'i. Tnl O(lnl 1'1, nl'l~H"trl 1,l'udiin obi~lllliH Hit C'oIlIlI'I'I'I~ !,Ut,IlI'III' 1l0Ulllliltll' ~i (,1111110111.1'1111' lIWI'HIIIHI,il~O (~nIWI'I'I.I'\'IlIOl'i simbolir», ('.ol'(d" II' ou dill 1,l'illn filoAOfi(lj'i foIi (~(I~IIIO~Otlil,.ti II ~I'olii l'I'HPI'I'.I.i\'p [v.: I .C,~).

Allin hi "II illwlf' fllIC',ulp nip IlIilt'llilllui I ,P,II., ~!,ii,II~.1I III 111l\f1pul, HI~ 1'1ii',hpHHnil ill 11£111'11 I~flllll'td II' tin 1I11\'If'I"~' I I Jnil~i1,III'pn 14'11 PI'IIt1UH iuui ell K(IIII1II\11I ~ nl-Pln ~I'noOK,I'I,

\llId" fill 1.1'1,it., 1111 gilldil, ~i '"I nl'I~HI, "l" m illlpfH,!./lIII.1l 1I.1I1111:l'o~i riJ«~o£i, ~i OIlI,lltll~i 1.11; ~1,iiIlFl ,11I(",i .. DIU' 1.0". lu tJl'pern IIU 1,I'ml, 1;\1 uu ~lIIdlt, PJIIlg-tII'll ~l Illat,on, pn onm ~(\I'iil.(lI'lil ~i nXf~gnl.II·1 fl'lllw(\~ l~d()lU/.,.rl .\t!/Ull'{; (181,1 ,._' JV2D), in carton sa L(~,." gratuls initie« Murii inipu\-i, 1889), Ii pune, din punctul de vedere ini] i tic, pe aeoel1~i 1 mnpUi cu marii inl.enu-iel.ori de mligii: Iamu, Kr'i~IHl,

Mois«, 1 isus. .

Stiill~'H IJl'ofnJli'i H coul.inunt ~il fadi IH'ogl' Re In Imperiul BOIIIII", pr-nl.,'u 1\ IIUIIOII~1 jl II (ltll'iollcif"l !If I Pl1lipHil 111 E\'1I1 IVll'ditl ~i PPllt.I'lI " l'I'"ptll'PII, tIPIl IH\I'nl,izlll,li, ill ('p(Jt~1I B('1U1~lpl'ii. '('Ollll~i, It ('XiHI,III, ~i lIlIVI hl~,i(1 pHI'nlp),,: 1I'IIII~llIil.pl'(lH illilillt.idi IIl1 I-Hlillt.J'I'I'Upt. Ilt1j 0 elipi'i ~,Ii H fOHI, lu'unl.innl Ii ... hinr ~i ill Il~\,III~"'I'( ill, pl'illniplllii 1'4'PI't'I,.f;IlI.III1~.i IIi 1I1\1'1-l1 (·i 1I'"di~.ii I'ii,ul ulohimisl.ii K,i lII'hil.t~l\\.ii. l n nll\hilliin f-:Il 1'010Ht'II1I 'ill 1111111 4\lll'nliL I-lilllhohll'ilf~ ~i (Huwep!.pln ilJitilll,i("p HIII.it:!!, uhill ~i e«dn Illn!.tlIIIHLi~~r,11l III'hil.I'td "!'ii. 1I'lldi~i~1 illiPll1 i(:i~ 1411 lin" III It~o tin (\IIlHI P: Iu IIIlLIIlIII.(1 ePI'C'.lll'l, 1lllllliWi -u (lI'U numil. "MIII'I~ln Ill'hil.p(\I. III l luiversului", dpllllilli 'n pl'oillut.il cit' I" PIIlI till, iiu: hl'fll'lifdp clo IlI'hil'l'lI\i, fill II'gllllil',III'tlll 1111' 1'1'IIIIII.inii, diHI'III1411111 411' KI'(~I'I.I.(I lin !,lIlll'l'! III P"lIplIl'\,it" 1:1\1'11, 1'1'1'1 POlll.i lit I Itl~illr ~1\.IlI.if:ii, 111'1111 I'll l!liH Hii 111111 ~ II /luilin 1411 pnl'i.tI ~i "111'111 id II hilll 1',IILI,cI"ldl' IltIlIlIl~WIII,"II'. III I 111 i 1'111,1' ~i invidinl« pilill ~i d(, nrhil«: ~~.iidill zill'lol l",u~I.I·", i

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~il.ltl Ut!t1olului "I X V I.I~III); llf,llI, tin pilel;'i, 111 VII'ilp. t't.nnftlltl, ,lclgllluln I'Ullltllltd,ILn do )U'(lzt\llloli 1111411' IIIt~,~/(,,.i ",w.,.,:. Ul1gn II i ZUl't:,1l ~i aulji v j Llll.c;1l H~m I II to!' i 101' ~i pin!.oI'JloJ' tH'H ,UlItdollgil ell eon: u ul'illl.l',el,dul'. Setll'41l,oltl brt'H~ lolnr OI'IlU pi"iRt,I'ul.n cu nfill~,tlllif), iur tliVlll~HI'tHl 101' PI'II

pnuBpsiLii eu cen rnai murn UH I'l'j IIH'. , ,

'l'col'iu reloritouro lu JJl'('j)ol,t,ij, HI.r1IlS JegnL.li do !.l'luldIH ~i invii~fitul'a ezotericii ~i do sistemcle ei cosmouunicoIilosof'ioe, aloatuia un sistern uIliLar~i lnchegul., Jar secret, pe care "neilr.'l~!ifl.tii" din toate t.impurile, din Antichitate pina astaz( I lu fost nevoiti 83.-1 presupuna, sa-l deducii ~i in cole diJ~~~J'mi1 siJ-l J'cCOJlHLiLuio, iputel.ic, din crimpeie, pe cale §"liiJl·:pfica. Ast.lel, Euclid, Vitruviu, Kopler ~.i mull.i ul\,ii nUl! HC.hls oont.rihut.ii dn RtHlJUi"i. In HI urliul 1~'J.dlol' )l"ClIH)J'l,iildl-. IIhilll' d,wii 1111 li-1I11 11111111-11'111.

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1. DEFINITIA MATEMATICA A PROP RTIEI

Haport.u! dinl.rn dnuii miirimi a ~i b FI' ('Xpl' rnl] In fwr'JA a

sub forma - sau alb sau a: b. Haporl.ul dint 'f' ull.o douu h

miirimi c fi'l d sr- o x primii In scris a~nunr S rh Inrrun c

fl

111111 I'/tl ~IIII f::" .. I) IIn;1 «:1' I,. d I 1111\ . I'll 1'0111"1, KIIII. tlgllip

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11,1'" I' 1', III II~:\ I IIt~n :." III 1I1l!-tI.t,I'P t:nl!1l \0 111 runle-

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lllllLJefl Kn uunu-sl t1 (I 1"'ujlol'{iLI 'I'ClIHlI'\in f.;t IIlHi pouto fllWill ~i foIllh 1'ol'JlII\ It: II ~:- {': tl.. TI'I'IIII_'Ilii u I;i tI, ld'JuU In PXI,I't')l1it.tl~i, Btl JlIIIIlP!-1(\ (':I'II'('lIIi, iru: !,'I'JIlt uii b ~i (\' 1I1'J,,~i III tuijlun, Hu 1II1IIH~HC: mrzi. 111 OJ'ilo I'I'oIHu'\,in 111111,1\111111 inti, protlusnl III c: do I' (',1.'/(' {',:a/ (/I. produsul extrrtuilor, IIdidi ad:::-:-: be.

»'IIIIII\"i doi 11~1'llItllli 1'1); 1,1'411 II i Hilll, C'gllii 1111,1'11 I i. uclioil tllI~

.4fll u :-~." .i,I'I'OP(II'l,iu dtlvilill II: h ::0;;' (~: (/', ~i 11111 Illi ((.1' r:~ tw.

111 1I0t'I'L t.'11 I, H pUll! HI .~il a ('!-it I. lilt din 1'1"01'01'\ it lluJti II iJltl'o' II ~j r, utii.:il tt. ':' Jlw: It:HI . ., IIIl UdIlVi',I'IIII1I,llllllI io ulumou- 1,111', dill' til' 1',1'11 nuri 111t1l'1! impol'tullt!1 ill C~OIlII', t.ul lIoHI,I'U.

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a; h~-: b: d; ~i dVh:, b II~II' IIIPdiu pr'Olltll'Plllllllil ciilll,I'j,f Uu ~il' tltl.llllIlHll'P, 111 llUl'O i'illOlll'tl I,Ol'IlWIl I'I~ ,ulLii dill a' ~i d; ufiiell h'.!.-:::': ad, Kill! /J ~~ .j~l(l. f'lldnnul'ClL In tormunul precedent H UJlPi uuul.i u~i CUH-

, t· HLuHI,o, .uuutil.ii . "(l{il',~n Jlllnw~\.o progr« s iie a -iuueticii. f 1':~Wlllplll: 'I. /1, 7. '10, 1:', ro,; (I'H~iH ~ ;.J).

i, l ln ~il' tin nunmro, 111 curn finelll'l! Lorruon J't\ ,ulLi! din tUIII.II.I{iJ'(Itt t.I'I'III'~lItllu i I'I'C\o4id,,"I, IHI un .1'11111,01' ~1IH1:'I,UIlI, uutuit 1't1(ir., fin 1111IlW~t,tl I,,.{}/-:I'twi(! ~('()l1lrfl'icil. .1 :xPlHplu: :l, 0, 1 H, GIj, Htl, ... (I'u~,in = :-3),

2. DEFINITIA MATEMATICA A MEDIEI

. (

'Il! 4. CATEGORIILE DE IIII' ill'it.-~ NUMERE

so J.HlJne~I'H uicdi« Ol'illN('/i('(I. H (:dol' d.OHii JIll !lIPI'p. gnncntl: d neil (lHLn vurhu tin 11. 1111 IllPJ'1' , !lwei ia

ti ¥ t ,v + (V + X + 11 + ...

me lea es e m, = ,'J.

n Numoreln pul. Ii intrr.J.j': (uurnernle din ~if'ld naturnl =

Rfluiicina pfHl'a1.i1 n\~ a prndusnlui H dou:l 111I1lWI'P a, ('J )

~i:.b, adieu mg,=::-./(iiJ: !:iC numeste uusli« grolllrfrica at 1,2,3,4, , .. ) l-'HlL. [raciiouare cu dt! pildli .~' H, u u,7G .

~\f·lt1I' dOli/I IIlIIUP"!', M"tiin g'l.tllIlI'l.ri('.il It dOlll"i IIIIIIIPI'O;

. . i l'JllIlIIII'tdll 'illl'1'I1J..d H.l 1\("11 l'l'lHltilllllll'(1 HI' 1l1l11ll'K '. 1111111('1'1'

"HI" 1I~lIdlll' !oIillOllilll1l t'.lI /II"t/io 1,,.o/UlJ'(iolwl/; Iv, Ill"!! nuunut!», NUIIIIII"dn 0111'11 I'IIPI'I'~,illli'i UII 1'111'111'1, II \.1'1\ !I 'Ill 1',

I'lJr: 1,1 ),'1). J II j,{j!lIPI'III: dlll~il 11/'1111 ,"ul'lllI 1111 II 1111111111'1'" 1IlIIiHIl'(\ illllllllltlll~IlI'flbil(\ 1111"11 1.)11 (Ildilli"i 111 "1\ doutl uu-din 101' gt'OJlHHl'iOfl ('HII' l'l\dihlilill dt\ ,11'''iIlUI It. ai UUJlIOl'O pnnl.ru 091'l\ JlU So poni-o gi"isj nici 0 uIiLut.n.tlll

pl.'lIdm;lIlui 101'; II~II~'" ~(/hl'd-:'~,-, ~ 1Il0H I 11'11 oonurn/I) fin IIIIIIWHI~ IIIWU'l't? iruiioual», l It 11 II III II I'

'\"1'1 ! il'Il~,iollHl 1\1'(1 till; f.:J'il' illfilliL tin Zt'.l:illlllil', lJ 1 1l11111i·l!'

'llIIIII'PH Ill .. ! Pg'H Ii (111 1I1\'1'I'KII KI'.Illil'll1l1l'i ill\'I'I'SI'IIII' m

r- ': 5 iruliuuul om'o pOIII.n fi l'i,d(IOiIlU uuni t'Olltltii ou t: IIll'iuiontl

dOUli III111WJ'P ({. ~I: /J, IIdieil III :7:"": .-.~---. 1-\(\ 1I1111ll'R.i l'npoJlllli (fin piltli'i .J2~ (lllm pnnl,n l-iIiLiRfnup ocuntin

II I I' 'I 'J

t. ':1:' -I· :,;2 -.-- ~b~ ~.: ~ !.::,::: 0). ttl' II U 1I11'~\.t~ 1I[1U1l11' il'tllivnal

. '" 1- -h' . [ algcbri(', Nuuu-rolo il'lll-iollultl ulcrdH'ieH Kint 11 unite tn

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o figlll'll plnllll 11It\I'~illjt,I,!!do 1\1\1 pl,I\>ill LI'lIi 11I\III'i 1'1'1\1 iliuii Hn 1I1111'IIIJI,1I /wlil:oO<j 'In 1'"lIglIJl 1111 :1 [nl.ur] !~Il JllllIll\~l.tI triuughi, {~II I, :1 Ill. II I'j IHI/rlliall'f, 1111 r. IHI'I.~l'i J}(ln/llgon, 011 () lnl.uri ;,,,;1111.1;0/1. ~d'I~, I )lItlO \.~tal:n Inl:lIl'do puligol1l1lui ~,rllltJ {~gllin ·iIlLI'~· nlll ~I,t.IIIII,., 1I,1I,.~hllll'~I(' III~ ,:~IIIL de usumunuu oJ.{uJo 'il1l.l'o ('In, p(JJI~olJ.ldlll I H(.l tlll eHIJIIt:u~ l.ivul dn /,,,!!I.tlat., Triuughiul I'ngllini. Kn 111111 JllllllP~l.tl ~I 1":Ufl,~JtI: . (';~hilall!l'a.l, iai, "lHlI,I'IIII1I,IlI'lIl l't'J~1I11l1, ~II mui numosl.e ~i plUral. Tl'H~i\,iHilli\-illl.iei' 1~l1l.it~,il :-\oeo\.{~n I.l'illllghiul nl~hilnll'l'lll *; piHl'lIl.lI1 cl""plo rlglll'l 11t'1'l'IHIl.t',

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.¥ fll plnuul uuui pol,igoll !'lIgula!. I1X!H\.~1 1111 II d~'"IIH!' uu .;ehm'(~, I'll elll't' alul. HI\.lIHIIl Louin ViriUI'IiI' H(\t' 111 pohgoll.

'l~Ot'.Btlii (~Pl't: j HH tilt dr-uuuiireu dll e,'I'e circum .... '(Tis jJOJigtlllUllli, (HU',(! lu rhnlul Iu] l1~l·o insrris "i I aenl et'l'U. Tol, 111 plnuul poli~nllHllli l'I'K"lul, 11.,iHII~1 f~1 1111 elll'O interior poligOllullil ~i nnl'll t\KI (I t,HII~nlIL In l.uul.o In\.11- I'il.., lui, ACt1KLlli ta~I'n i HI' till dl'Jl1IIIIil'PH (It~ ~l\l'e iuscri ..... til poligoJl, tWI'l' III rludul lui oRl.n circumsrri« noolui (:tIl'(I, Duoii tmpiil'tiJll nirelilld'tn'illt" unui el'l'O jill, -un 1It1)111il' dn Ct,l ptl~,ill tl'l~i Jlul'\,i 1'~1l11" prin 1.111· ul.l PII puuul.«, ncole Jl1l1leln HinL hillf'ill\l'lnl-' yldlll'ilf' }loligllil ilui l'pglliul lw.;eJ'jH respcctiv, DUCIl uniiu upui, dilll,l't~ HI .df! PUJIC:l.o tie Jl8 C(:J'C, cite douil. PUTlCI.I) COJl!-i1 cul iv« piin Iiuii drepl.« obtinem )loJigonuJ J'cguJal l'f:Hl'te iv couucx. 1)11(;11 11l1pill'tim c:nn..:ul 111 e:,d putill eilll:i I ill'~i ('gldf~, priu \.01. 1lI.iI,'~11 puuel.«, ~i unim /1(11'1" pllu:! ~ priu liuii Ul'opL(! 111 m~ll (pi, illcn Iiocnr« plillcI. };(j fip unit nu (~1I 1'''"1'1,111 111'1110101', IIi Oil plllwllli pOHI-III'mn 01' snu till puuul.ul IItIHL-l'0Ht.-tll'lIliU,IlI', olt\ illPII1 poligtl 1\11 I't'gllllll, nl"qllw.I. i v strlat, Diuu, 011 II X III II pili! IN'IIIf1J!u iu! 1'1'):11101 fOIWI';(: ~I /uonlO,r.ollld rcgulu! slrl«! (fig, 'I).

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OXt~ou(,I'juil,lItPH (,1ipHIlj IU'" Inl.ut.duuuuu {,I VI1101ll'O ~Hlb:; ullil.lII'ii, udieii oHl.o illt.ol,doHlJlIH iuni IIliett (l,~c1t, :1. Cu :.,. ctt tlisLunt,a dinl.ro fOeHI'U nHLo Utili III II I'P, (:11 ut.ll. nHI,n i; iuui uUU'C ~i excunl.rjoil.uteu. Duell di~I.llJl\.a dinl.ro Iocuru .'i s~ade, scado ~i excentrioitutnn, iUl' al.unci clnd disl,llll\n j dintrs focare ajunge egaIa ell ZCl'O, excenLriciLllLoa esl.e ~ ~i ell nuln: CjiPRH II dnvnnit cere, uu l;f~f1tI'IIJ ill puucl.u] ; III care s-au confundnt celo 001111 fOCHI'P,

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po li (,(/'1'11. UHgIIIlJI' fOI'lHllt 1" Apnt'JU dll I~",I P"tjll 1,,',Ii ~ hlLo PMllln; i('o,\'fII)dJ'IIII'('I-~lIlal, uu ~o fd'1 l,d1lng iiurl euhipJIlHn cure He III LU,"4!HIJ .111 t.1:-lJ II p\~IIl~L (vlrIul unghiului) 1 lutorul« (,'gult', S(, d, JUOIlHI,J'('uzi', eti 'Wt'Ri (I ejlll i jloliodl'l' R(I HHJHor~Lo liNg/it, pu/It'dl'Il:. ,I ·olwdl'l1l OUI'II Hn~ LIIHtt:) ~ Ile~lIllti,n 0011,"1\;\1' ~l1\L ~illgtll'tdll ]Ulflihilo; all' po!;nlrc f ~ t,ele p,ohg?Ul1e J't!I~1I11l1.p. r.gn]o 1 n 1.1'('1 nil' ~i ton In u nghi lI- ~ regula ic lilt. csist«.

I'Jif:) I)(J~JO(h'lCf:flgIlJIl illl,J'B 010 tin JUlJlte. ~~I.o lJO/t:(,dl'lI. ,.CgU.I'~ Cu]cw ciuci pol itd 1'0 I'l'gllllliu cou vnxe pOKih jn, vochii lat. O':leo poltndl'll J'ngulnL HI'O l.oHL~1 vhluriln HiLunl.n po : j'nitiu\i lo-nu tint, (I inl('I'pl't\l.HI't' pZol"rid'" Du] It I'Intou, o,l:IfnJ'u, jl,l ~lll'O es~o im",c/'i,~, 'sCm'n J'flApncLivi'i ('iilld duci rt culu (lIILI'\I diul.ru lle(~~Lo poliudrn, ell fpttl exelusiv t'/,.(:~n~'\'Crl.\:(/. Ileohll, polJndl'lI. On "t-!~lIIHHIIHl ~'XiHI,il 0 ~ I.I:jIlJl~hiulut'tl ~i. pliil'llt.l1, (~OI't\Hl'lIl1d t~l\ltJl' P l.ru "n1'1- H~(~I'll j.II~"(~I'I.\'('l In ))1.11111111'11, ueliCH' II ~r(lI'i, Hi 1.1I11 t.i'l 111 iul.o- f J,1I01lI,II" (1'11111 ,.tll~llJl\tlU): pi-ilililll.ul, "Pll,IlPI' II, Iuoul. J'Jt)l'lIJ P,(, •. IjHdl'ull~i :~~ 1'"llg(1J1~.i"l In LOIlI,(, f(\~,(l11I polilltll'ului, J 'J'tltll'ia l:tdol' I'Ut.I'tI "tdlHlIllllll1" H·n I'IIHI.I'ul, 1111, -rior ~i lit U,O~I~Lu i lind d'ICH ,(~/I'(:/l.IJI.\'('r/..'~ Ilt\oltli ",1m'el, Polil'dl'tllo )101. I duul.riun ~i 11I'lto\,i':lI IIIt1hillli~l,illll'. Pl'illlt,lo I,'d tlilll,l'O Ii i~l (llCJ (}OJlVOXOHHII Ht(llnl,tl, ! 010 "OI"'Ilz,nJlI.llll (-;illlhoLio elll., tl'oj HI.i'u'i dll ug PMUI'O nlo So. eUIlOHO oillui JluiitHll'Cl J'ClJ.{lIlnl.n (rig. :2):, trtnuilrul i lI'HI.III'j"i: t4t1licli'i(pi'illlllll.lIl), linhidii (111'0), glli'.111 Hii(HOI'lIl). I'(',:(u./a/, 011 Ie rol," 1,I'illlJl{ililll'j I'41hiIHLm',dll I'~IIIII; ht';rtl('.; ~~u "'I"IH CIt. III 1'1111'1111'11 III1'HII'III'I ronlll, simhuli: It (lIHII'giH,

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()hio(}l.lIJ~ llonm'ol,o OHl't! n(jlnoolljcHlI'ji - nloH 00141 IItl111KlIrJtl~,.l,u, O,J'ou\.(\ fill do Nnl,pdi, no clll 1I111111 nruului, dt. ~i (Jolt) 1wHiJ'ln~,iI.(,,- au (I ~In~'i(\ clnlI1HII~il'i, ",111'0 1111 1,I'Clhll io

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Una din hlfHl~il'iln ohiocl.olnr OOIlt:"o!.n elm no illl\OIl~ [uuni - illf~lInn~,il.n HUll 1111,- nHl.n [ornut lur, )1H~i'i ohitlOLuI l'oHIHml,i~ CHl.o mai mull, HU~1 m.~'i pu~,ill .omplnx, Hn pOlll.n ,vo!,'lH titlRpl'O [ortnrl« lui, Fnrmu (H: u IOI'lIlnln) 1't\lu'OZIIlLIl uuulul til OHm oHl.n ounornl.iz, I, ohinol,ul." POIII.I'U ~\ tl.nf.nj nmHlH(,Il Jlol·iul'" tlHtll sulioiou; ti rocurgum In lilt tllU~~OIlIU' OUI'OI1[, nl limbii I'omfino, [n nnl'O gllRim nil,:, {orm(/, ~~,; IV~ pOl ~I, , '~Xt.flI'WI·; 111 fit~, i ~lH'lI; I.ot" li \. n 1,4..11\ 1JlIJ,llIz,wolc)l' de I~XIII'J1nnl'O n cou~,illllLlIllIi lwei OpOl'O llI'I,IHI.Jl:f'; [(\,1, ~~IIIP, mod; ul,(\, Af}udul', l'or'lItn (HIIII ,"01'molo) ~~OflH.l.lLulU () IIIf-\u~in~ do Hill!! HUiUil,OIl '41, <:10'0 JIlt esto 8JIlOIHmil ell fU'(l JHH't,in.

Pro portia {snu proporliil«, H;JlJ pro poriiouarru J'(qH'(~ziflUi J'~lpor'l.lI,l (HUH .I'UIUH'(,IJI'ilp) dilltl'o nfflJlHmtnlf (HIl1J 1';11'- 1,.110) ohwcL'~ItJl? uL1L illl.~'o cdn.' elt. ~i 1111,1'0 cd \ ~i 1111.1'ng. JJlI.I'I,I [~""!111 ~l J)f'OI~OI'illo o,xH~Lil ac~nllu~i dl\ IHcd,if'tl (~U, do pd,tla, inl.rn Ofl~ ~I Ol'glllllHIllUI UJlUlIl: 1'1'0, )ol'~,i/l m;\.p OI'r-IUIIHII,lI11 rlll'l,lI1'1 ~HlIlI rlll'IIIIIIIII'). PI'(lpOI'~ j ~~i"iHillllll O,I'JOO 1I~!I'Hll., c: 111 III' ~I 111 (~\lln 0111'(1 IIi HII pHI' 1 diBjll'IIPI)J'~ t'IOIl~~I'II, P"II!,l'1I (In 1,0111.0 KII blli'.I1HZIl pl1 rupnrl.urj, »11(\11 HIIHI~,lllbllll d~~ [UI'1I1O 1110 uuui ohio,," ill,! I'IIHiOUtllli',ii il,l mod piIlUIII, ouhiul, HIIIIIIOIiI tlli lI(\nl., rOl'mn H1111, 1II'III()~ 1I11~IlKIl. A."'"(Jlu:(~ o~I'4l clI~ei ~i PH I) ll1HlJ~il'n pOHibilii It ohl('nl.lI I ",1, 1.01, "dtrl;",l.ii do PI",lpol'pn. lJ" ohilll: . 1:11 Ilfll'lIt:!. Jllll~I'IIH1II1(,'H HI'I} ~I pI, nuuuul.o pl'0I'()I'~,ji, ell 'n jllHij IHI "al,u .. rllt: !:HIIl~'1I1 N.;Lp!.w ul priviturului.

In ~I'iI'~iL, ol('I\)(Illtllln (Rllli PllI'tilo) uuui Inl.r. ~~ Hint. disp\lt-lll lul.r-un nmuuil. ftll. I )if.lIHIi'.i\iu !-lilll.u(lt,jl:i ' n I1IPJllnll- 1,,,101' uuui t1h!(I4'~' Hn IHIII\tt~l.t\ o,.di1f.11 HIIH ortlomt.nt'1.. ;\ (In mil, It (\0 II KI.II, " u I do II Ht 11111111( I Il IIi 111-111 Kil'l ' d i HI. i II I) t. i I

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1'1'0 pOl'\,iouu I, , Hi'll },i anna 11.1:(', ~l( I jC:il at-! Pill: I, pH'iuu t.. .: f: :-~ PouL1'1t ell un ohim:l, Jlnlmilll'lntil, - tlH jlildii 0 opnl'ii dl'~ '/- 1,-

o.,l'hiLectUl'i_1 .sau d_~~ a,I'L£t plasl~~c~:,,- ~a ,~'iu l~illU .l'1'l!pOI'*r llOnalJ, u~n men. .8tl whu (I lllfn~.I~1I1'O jllnml\.ll, pl'lIl IHen-;: , , tlI'HI'IlI~ lui in nrmuniu uuiveranlii, un-ul.orul lui (nl'hi.~ . LoeLul sun urt.isl.ul plwo;l.ie) 1.1'dHlil! Ki, :lHiglll'P 1'1I1HII'LtIlIH'11 HI'UlOlliDURO }0l,1'" pi'l'l·ilo ohillol,ullli 11111"_" fnFi eln ult."l(1,~ ,

prucum ~i, 11l.\'I~~1 ,q{~IlJll, pitl·ti ~i 1 II I. I'llg , t\C(~HHl.il ~IJII_I)'~l\i4,1~ LE'~GILE' 1::10 lIump~tp III ~:.-,.o-.hll.l\ll (:\11'4'111. IJlIIII'I'((( in. IJI'o/wr{lc ui: .

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mnnul laLijlPf-:e PI'opoJ'tio. pI! cal'l' {:it:tH'o ll eOHsidnl'lY: sinonim ell t.e rm« 11 ttl com puruiio, ae~~H La I i i ud I a rind 1I If; lui sinuniui ell t ormeuul cliuoso (J.VUJI.OylU (De U niu., Il )."

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In deosniul al doile~;~J.-llColului al XV~-leH~ lumea cal.ulieu din apusul Euroj!).' " a fost zdrunoinatii de un soc : 1.flzple lui Martin LUl!t~r (VJ~:l-1 ~1jOL nfj~a!,e, ~l allu~l 1517. Era Incepul.ul H4i!forrnel. AL~a dy~mcLlcILa dupii uceuatii lnvil.urii, bisuricu romuno-outolicii ,n Iost zdrun\ \ i II n I ii 41 i II II (I", 111 111\ 1,1: 'I ;)" :1, II II 1111 III d Olin 11 1,It in: II II 11- J'i\-ill t\llf'~ii. lui iVil'olalls{,lOlll'I'ni(:. (1 "'/;~",I!)/I;\), I" t~IlI'l' IIC ~oH I,,. HliH \,j r Ie II! 1 II II i !lOP "il.l' iBlllU I, 111M 1.011111 II II I,~II~ 11'0 ",11 11,11'. 11 II pot d V" .~OIIC~n I'\.i,\ i gl:!OOI\II 1,1'" \41, 4111 till \,u!.n cill B I h lit" 1 H RPeohrl nl XVI ltlll,1uHil, Hnllu~l.tlI't~n t~I'n '1\ npogoul ~,i 111m il1dl, HiHnr'iclI·J '111 t\illd,,' 11111111'1'01111,,101' pl'lIl~II~I(.

.in'14'IIILnl.n uclflpl,ilw· .11t~II:oenl1l,l'i~HI"II\1i, 1''' (\/lI'O .!i ,1U\1I1.H (h\ uruzio, ~i 111 ciudu :~ 1\111 wJ'()IlHdol.' eo f J( 111111111,11'1. ,\ Xt ~~ cu Luto (} 1I el'lH'j IUI\ -- nu jlu 1.41 a 1'1 II Ii 'I II eilio (1111 urmu l'ii III I pilll'dt, purl.itlu. ~ ntr-ndoviir, HI'I'n, ~fll'~i~,lll HPCtllului III XVI~lpu Hi Inl'IH~npul.1I1 Hnt:ohlllli III )\VIl-loH, HiKt.t'lHul . hnlitu~IIIlI:I'it~' 4\1\" unnniru 1'110111101'\(\111, tin uiH.1'U H}it,I'OIH)JHii vruuiii, Oil HiJlMur'lIl vulnhil "i "tltWiil·"I"

"l.11ul 4liul,l'u IIi, (~nt4'h):~lIl UHI,I'OIlOIIi Iii 1III1I.IIIIIIILi(\iHII

W!I'1I mn Joluuu« .1\' (! /' 1tf ~,(1 :)7'1 -- ~((,: H)~, ". ~t~I'~~, ~i II II It I it:aL '(1,. luuhu JuLioll) p"Ht.tl 1:\0 dn hWl'llr'1 ~1'11I1\'IIIt~l\, oupnn-

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H,1,illtu .11I1lIii l:ll)O .1:l'Oi dIlHt:opor'~r'~ uln f.wln'"I't1fnl'iI.I)HI'n ,Ill JlW(lIll1lt:1l ntll'IIIlH(~fl - dtlH0011I11'If'r ou udoviir: I, HIlIII',II\,IO-

1~1I1C1, pnll~'I'1I U~.~tlH V 1'111 lin, l'i·illJ."Ktl ~'ul~.lbill\ lillii IIl',i :;1 1~1I11111.0 H,I 111 zdtlill 1I0HHI.I'(l l('gd,! lui J\.(~plcr.

Dinl,I'1l HtIUU\"Ollllolp "PHI'P Illtl lui 1\111'1('1', II'tHIIl, Ilpli .. J'uLIi In 'I'ilhingou 111 nil II I '1 rJDli (eiml 1\11 ,01,,,1 nvun . usudnr nuruui 2;, cit' Hili), O:4l.tl illl.il,ulntil ill}' \"fHIUVill C(N-;MOGH,\ J>JII('V~" 0/'; A IJJl/IJlA.I1ILI PHO.l'OIlTJ()NJ~' 01lB/VAt C010JgST.lV Al (MisL(' '111 cosmogr'ufie deH JU'(\ uluil.ourou pr'opoJ'po It Ol'bjl,(d)l' eOJ'(!~Li). In uc(~n8Lii luoraro (fjg. :~), Kepll!)' COIIIIIII nil (In IIHn-

.menea 0 doscoperire seIlza~.jOJJuJu, dar d:irciu ustrnuumii de mai tlrziu nu i-au acordat aceensi COil, idol'a\ie ell eeJol'luHc trci, Lu chiur uu duL-u uil.iirii, duo ruef) en Btl so J'dora In mecuuicu efJI'otlfwi"i, ci In ... pro ortii.

latii in co eOBsl.ii clOReOp(~J'jmll, Kepler ill(~ lIH! priu It HOII~itlC'I'H .. ttfl'rti, dt' I'Ht,i) t'~~nll\ 0\1 1'111',1\ IIrbil·l,l III, SUI.tll'll, pllllwlfl OtHl III IIi III'pi11'l.nl,,) tin SOIlII', elill I\H.II An (}1I11(1~1.4lI1lI 1l1.1I110i. (Ln BOllU dlll,,1 I'll' m'(ul \1\ 0(1 urhiI,ulo I'lnIl4l1.(1111l' Hlnl, eimultlw, ~i (~;-l dnol l' ii' :UI'41 dill!.r" flln Rn t1flHrti~fUH'ii 11\ jurul Snumlui \In nil, I 0 Arnl'll,) til lH~nIlKI,r\ Hr.,.,ti, OUI't'KIIlIIII'.td,IIIII'O (II' .it.ni IIi SlIl,lIrll, 1\('pIOl' ImWl'itl un cub, J u olill 111Hcwiu upui I I,ll Hl'ol'il ~i . OOIlHt.1lt.ii, cu uimiru, oIi UOlltlHLi1 II duuu f.:, '(\1'1\ elll'l~HIHIHtLu, cu I'uzii, orhitui lui .1 upit.er, H douu pb nul.ii, tllllHl Sut.UI'JI, in ,Ot10ll eo IH'ivo~l.o dopiil'l.UI'OH ,(,10 ,tunm" J »1'0· etHllrul IlUlI dopHl'1.C1 111 1l(:OIIl~1 II10d (11g, (I), I\,opllll' clouAI,uU, OIl 11l1.}'(1 HrtH'l1ll\ (\OI'UHPIIIIV'{d,OUl'tl od iI,tdOl' 1\(1101' () plulIHt.n (1lIIlIlHelll,41 111 VI'llf1WU loin (111 cU'dir 0: SI1\'III'II, ,I lIpil,tII', 1\111I'I,(I, Tell '1'" , VII II tll-I. M4II'tIIl)') Htl 'j H-l(U'ili (lidu [) polioclm rngulnl.o pot~ihiltl (ill ordiuou 1I'lIIiltonrn: eub, l.ol.ruudru, tituitlOflmil'u, ont.uodl'u, eusuerlru): ••• tara est (,fil'culIlS /II(!II,'tOI' oninium : .lit: CI1'(:((I11·

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A.I,hl,lfll""JIII1 N,IIIII A I/O M c.l 011(;11 IO.feUIM. /1 1-( L 1 I C I, tit ["t,,, 1~"'''/lfll'IIIU''', 11/1/1 "'/111 Ir,. '111;4 tI, numrr«, ,re "111M} 1J,j/r4M", ·~tJ'UII"'''" M'IfIJ, J'r,.tI"fi£"" IIt(tlltllll/limt Itt". ,1"1111111(', (01""'11 .Aj/"'IDIIII£ J(rjl"'IY"'~'i4 1>. N leo t. .A I C C; l' L It N J C I.

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MOl'S, ,1/111'11 ,'1/'('1(111,\'(',.,.11" Tctn« dron.: Cirrulu« lun:

"OIJl/)l'l'Ilf'm/r'II .... · rri! /11/1;'('1', , 0111 ,'11'('11111" ·,.il", ('If/JllIIl,' (';I'I'IIII1S liu nc ('0111 prclirndcn« crit .\'01111'/1.11., I utn. Trrruc iuscriln 11'O.\'((('r/{O/l.: lilt' iuscriptu» {'//,I'I'" S 1"/';' ','('nu.s, V (1/1/'1'; insrrilro ()(,/Or,dl'(llI.' /I/i 11I,,,,'(,"i/J~1I. (·"it' .11 ('J'(~fI"

riu«, ,. ( ... ('1'1'11,11 I'lIl1dllllillli I'l'Ilp III UHU'U I'PllloI'li 111111.11 l~nll'l"II., IlI'hiln;' ".il'c',IIIII.-I'.l'i.··i lin dlldp'~"lldl'lI; Ht'ot·U ,~il'OIiIlHI11I'iHfl 1I1\(,1o\1.lIi" ('!-tIll l\iul'l.u, (JrI it.l,i lui Mlll'Ln dl'C}IIIII~(~l'in· i 1111 I nl.I'lIl'dl'u; ~r"I'1I (',il'ClIIIIIS I'l~ii iH~I'KI.llill

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Cu 1:3 ani ',llmi "llh'z~~l, Inmon ~LiiIlFrilll' n 4IP4H~ii It luu" ¢ilJu)~Lin~,ii, do 0 JlOll(~ ~h'R(}()JuH'il'c", 1.\~\Ulllll t\'1i ol'hil,oln plUIlOLoi(J.l' uualnt cil'\~\wim, emu tin lH'Ol.UKn plilli ntulIel, ci eliptico, SO{lI't)lH n~1 /1 pll~Anll til uuul din' roel\l't~. Aenasl .• 'i !luuri ~~H8copm'N·~ it "plH'~,iI\H" • ~ • !.ol, lui I\npll\l': este prima dintre celetrei legi cure IHHlI'tll numnlu III i. AI' piireu, lu prima vederu, eli Iormn elipl.io« u ol'hileiol' planetelor infirm a descopcrirea init;ialil, l'nferj\'oHI'P lu inscrierea celor cinci poliedre regulate ill ccle ~asn sfnn~ eorespunzatoare unor (,~l'hitp circulurn ~df! pl:JlJnl(\loJ'. In renlitu L(!, i nsit, cJnflCo pnd rna ill i t,il} lit, en II dill 'I r)~ H), nu este inlirmutii, UeOHl'eCH exceturiciuuea uri)! LfdOl' oliptim' este [ourlc m.ir-il ~din onro r.UIIZ", l.imp cltl (1114\\'11 tlno\ll~ii, fol'l-" " 101' .!Iipl."~~,i·, Iliot nu fOl'll, n\IIIWIt:ulll), ~;I nU\llnn dt~H"lIl .In rni(~i\ pnnf.ru ell "1'1'0,'\ illllll'O" In 11111'1\ I'\p "t1t}IlI'g'l 111 tI"tll'lI\ill tin '1IHltlrifH'n " ptllitldl'lIlul' l'I'}{lIlnll' in nl'm'o ~i It Hfm'nlcU' 111 p,olimll'nln I'llglllnl,n Hii fin )lI'Ht:l.in Imglijnhilil. ARt.I'ol, do Ilildil, diHtllll\,tI IlIillllllii "illll'n l'I1JILluL ~i Suuro (lsLo de. COil. 1/.7 miliunuo km, iur d i8- "t.nll\,u Hluximil (10 ca.H'··.:~ 1:,2 ltIiliolllln k m, H~Hllldl. distnntn intorlocula n f)d)iLci P~lJnlHl.ului nst.n dp ciren [) miliiuuu: krn ; I'n~ull.ii' eii IlXIl IHUl'n It orilil.C'i Pil1U111~ t.ului nro uircu 2DD lIlilioUlin kru IIlligilllP, inr IlXt~I\Il!.I'i~

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'i'\ ~,I,HhiltHll4di I'nJutii IIIUlt"lllUI,iell 1111.1'0 diHt.Il,\nlo diut.re plullC'tn ~i Son 1'(', po do 0 pm'tn, ~i cnuzol« I( " Illnl.cwinln, 1'0 tin n ll.n, Phul III pI'CIJ~nlll., ll1f;j''t, tonl.u net~ t.n illmll'oiil'i nu }'III,IlHH ,l'iil'l~ 1'1'i"',dl,al,: IHII~lll d( t.:(:o}lol'il, dll Ktljlitll', 1Ileut.llll. rlin 8£111'41 R.l lIolwdm 1'(\~uIHI," 111t\m iHtl fHset~"Hiv jl~t~H'(lUIRl, lJIl(~l(l III 1I11,(\I,~, IIU H pul.ut. Ii P"~ tn 1t~·~at.III'rt nun ott 1ll11~,'1(} jllllll\\l.(\\OI', nioi ell t.itlllHit,ti\ iln lor uici cu nit,i fnel,ol"i eOIl(:I'n~i (emu HI' fi mugllnl.it'\I Ital, 01,'1<1111'1\ ul.e.], cu nll.o (~tlvilll." ell lIiui till .dplllollL I ,"l.ewinl Hntl Iizio. Se impuu« idpell dl sisl.cmul nusl.ru solar v I'ell put' ~i siruplu f-;i, I'iimillii t~OIIHPevmll, ell iiun 1rHlll~i, rcspecttud numni J(~giln uhfJl,),lIet,f) nln m'JJlO lini univorsaJe - Jegi, cn-j drept , aritrnel.ico-gcurnctrico deci mul.o-

mnl.ice , dill' tol.lI~i IIl;HLJ·tl(~lp. .

S!stnmul, n~1I elJ~J) II fOHI. (~IIIIIII,1I1. dn nill.m I( ')11,11', pOl'n,. hino incJwgllt: u duJ'o e()J'c!RpuJlz~ltoul'c c(do' (j plunnl.o (?\lIlORClU(O nt uuul), (:11 f) illl"I'vlIlo 1111,1'(1 til" tl(lI'OHpllll~ 1,iduul'CI 01'101' b )'ulll'dl'l1 1't'}~I1II1I(' IHIHibiltl. 1'111' ill 1111111. 17H'J It foI'l. dl'~c~"JlPI'it.il 0 pllt IIdi. 1.l'IlJlH-HUl.lIIl1iullii, eul'O H ftlHt, t)nll,UIII~l.i-i ! h':III1~tI, "poi 'III HIIIII 'IH/,1 41 pllllldil 1,I'UIIH-UI'.IlJlIIlIIU, (lIlI'OIll I H-ll dill. numnln dn Nt~p(,1JIl, ~i III f;rir'~,~I, 111 nnu I '10:,10 II plllllld,ii I.I'IIIHH nl'\,lIl1illllii, Lol.nzllLH dn l.lSt.J'0I101ll1 PJutOJl. Unii snvnt ~,i stnl. do

pi"iI'~lI'O (UI c~xi~(,~ ~i 0 plllllld.ii 1,I'lIIIH-plut,oJliulli (tHHI chiur DIUl multo), emil riimin« ntunei cu sisl.omul ( n Ju'opol'\,ii

geolUol,r'jeo dt'fH:OPPI'iL do 1\"1'1.'1' jl JIll nennRl. , 'nl.l'pht\l'o H4\ pol. tiHcltlui\ dlHpulll4uri.

"jtl'illllli l'i'iHIIIIIIH pOI~il,il II 1'11111, tI II I, ohiur do Cit,l'lI IIHI'I'O" numii JII0cl(!l'lIi, t~HI't\ ~-- l'iil'i' Hi. Hil n,r~'n\ liolOlU\1 I" t4iHl,(I.IIIul tiel PI'()I'(lI'~ii dt'l-\(:ulwl'il. tit! lliH 1'1 I K 'pitH' ~,- I1n ('lUis i pOLt~1,H ui' pl,uud elt! l.runa-sul.uruien« I::llnL oupii

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II SOlll'nlui !;ii nu dIW(~lliL Ill~t !,pl plllllnto 1l:41~IIIUd.III1I'U ~,. diKOiplilllll.ll, CIl HI.III'(I, ,oil! II11 HIli!. lilllll.l'. tIl' I'I'HIIIIIII.o :.;iHI,Ollllll W'C1IlIPt.I'il'o 1(t'p,II'I'ilill. ~i t,(Il.lI~i H 1'(\HIH1t~l.j·i: 1111.1'0 SUI,lIl'II' ~i Urnuus Hn illf('.I'in il~()KIII'dl'\d, illl.rn' 11'1I11\1:~ K.l Nl~pl.1I1l lit ,,\ IIl'd 1'111 , 111\1'11 Nlqll,1111 tlli Illtll.lIlI tilldl'lHWdntl ~ ___ 1I,li.'.t, ~in I'ppnl II ol'd iuou Hl.llhilit.ll III 1',(1\" ~IIKI' pIHIlIlt.O "nlmli,\o": 1111·1'11 ~I('I'I.\III' ~\i VI'IIIIK inlll-lIl(ldl'lIl, 11111'1' \'(lIlIIH ~i 'I'I~I'I'II lillI-lind 1'111, 1111.1'1' Tln'I'1I ~i MIII'I.!' dllcil'I'.III'III'lIl! 1\1 dlliltHI l'I'u'q)llllH pll:-lillil ('Kin nii pllllll'\.I,I., II'IlIIH-HIII.\ll·ninlJn H]Il\' 1111 l'ld d.~ HOd,II\'pL( IIII' plllll1,\.C'loI· ('.IIIHi.:p *i (\tl deci HI' mai oxist.u inl~rt LI'l,i pllllwl.u 11'llIl:';-l'lul.olliPIlO. Prin UI'nHll'O, I!Htn Iiresc cu (~(I.lu ~'u~1\ plalHd (~ l.runasat.ur nieue Sa l'ep0L(~"':_ la alLii sourii , hjrwiJl~dp~,lantul ide ldeJ'e ~i poliedre J'egulate cnnvnxe [nsotise succ,',Hiv inLef'caiat. uncle In uildp., al cplol' ~ilHP plall~l.o clasice, (Termonul ~~e nocL.ave" f\sto folosil, dnHig-lIl', la .figurat, deoarcce pJr:"-"',Lele clasioe ::lillL ill I1U£1l{lI' de ~nf-H'~, nu tip. ~nptp" dn\HtJ1 fmgr.rp.Elzil nnaJngin ell sit.ual ia ~imllul'[t dill Itlll1Jidt, MildI', ,,1Illl,H\'nll.i' I'I'!,'"'' ~t:lIll1n d" IlIII',i'l, P" () \.1·p"pIJi HU1H'I'illlll'ii.)

)\~:HIIlI', pllllwl.l'I .. I l'IIIIt1,HIII111'lli1l1lP 1'1':'; pI' I'.\.ll f,\i PilI l'I'Wliu gll.lIl1ltd l'l.:il dl'f.(I',op''1'il,(, <III 1',;'\1 1'4' 1\(\1'1111', (:1'('·11 I',P t:IlIlI'iI'IIlI\ t~1I111 illlliLIII"II KiKI,PIIIUllli, illtiiI'PI'IUtl, till d('l'ill'I,III'(l1I dCI SOUl'P. I':t.;\.n till 1'1'1':-;11 pill" ",f' kg-iln 1'I'III'ttl'\.ii'"I',ml III'intl ull.n Ingi UI'it.IIII,\,illll suu ~~I~IHIIj1ll'it'.", lII'idl Ill' pill'l'lI .,111 (Lo nhHLI'HIIl.n, lUI KioLIIlLilllpliiI.OIIl'P, ~l'llt\lit.n, (:i oil 11I~t\tllld 1Il1ll1l1it.n II'gi. riy,i.:n, 11,"',III1(JH",lIl.t\ iurii.

2. LEGEA LUI BODE

I )lIpii' )\I'pIPI', nlll'n 11 dI'K","pnl'il, ·I,'glll! _!.:t'fJIII t'il'it:ll, H jll'0I'0I'~,iilol' Hi}ll.t'lllllilli 110:-:.11'11 HIIIIII', mil 1'111111111111 gtll'_ 1111111 'Lotuuu: ./J;,u':f'l 'l'ictz (17L.!}~··rJUli), 1',UIIWI<:lIt Huh 1I11111C~lo Hi',u Illl.illi~.IlC ':'/'il;" .... \ /I d(~f-;(:lIl'l!l'it. K.i Jlllhiinul, (17{';(i) ., 1(lgll ar ittu ('/icii. I't~l'nril.olll·n III 1I1\1'1'"~i pl'ohlnlllil.

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I I I' 01, C'.II (\X(~I' plul 11'1'1111'1111111 i q u ( I I

111I11'J' I 'I ~,o Itl. 'H ·/1 t\tll'I'H-

"lilt 11111'1 "tllllll! 1111.1'1' ~'I I" 'I' I, '

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~IU~'11I ,KIR,I.(lIIII,d!11 g'l uuut ri« 1\11 pll'l'illll, HIII'II X i ;Iiil:ilt'" Hi 111,1

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AOHllHI,i, nOlll'il'llllll'tl H Ingii lui Hodn i-u PII:\ l'" gill.!lI!'i po usl.rouum], HllI'O uu 1nu0I'"L Hil tlI'IlIHhiin nxiHl.l1l1\.H unui plllllOLu, illoii HOllOHt}OIHII'il,II, Ilil.lIl\l.ii 1111.1'11 MIII'I,n fill .Iupit,nr, ~i CHI'O ur eOI'ospundn tliRI.Hn\,oi ~,H, Hnrunul Von Zaeh (17r), .. -1~:n2), gl~'tgl'nf ~i HHI,I'OIlOlIl, II Ol'gH· nizu! chiur u cuuLlU'u moliodioll u Heolui IH~I.I'U: It 1nfii,,\,nL,

anume in accst scop, 0. usocia~te ~Liillt,ificu, nleiiLuiLii din 24 astronomi, apoi ~ impar~iL zodiacul in 21: pi'll'~i egale §( a Incredint.af P4are dintre aceste 24. segmenLc, spre cercetarc, unuia iH~lttre mernbri. Planet a cautat5. nu 0. Iost gtisiLu, dur in schimb uu f uxL gasiLe ln loculei nu mornnso nor pu I'i oorn$t. i Ina ['11 n l.n, n ~a-Il\J m i LoIn pitt .. ",de m.id,: (CIII't1K, 11~l'n~ ul.o.), 1I111Hil,n I~i O.'l'iI'I'oi:-.; suu jJ/tllll'M tnizi; Ril,ul\l,H 1nl.,'n Mm'I." ~, J \I pit.(w ~i UOIl~idnl'llt,t\ H'lll H ri fl'Ilgll1nnl.o diul.r-u plallotti lIut,tlIlLini"it td'firlllwUi nllldvn in Ut'11l1l uuui o:.l\.ndillill 1'41Hlllit~, A 111.1'1\1 , IlIolilla diu ftlWl.H lui HOII" H £':.;\!. t\ollIp\nl'lll.il: Hn c\1I1l0:lt\ n!lt,il zi VI'flO :l :)00 H!~t.O 1'(1 i 1. i, i nt' COil 1.I'lJl t In g I'n ut.u I.. I "I 1 It 1,I'Pglllll i gl'llp flO. nl'lIi lit disl.un t,n fin SOal'1l do :2,8,

Nici puntru IBg,Hl lui HOllo II\( s-uu gilHit, oxplicll\.ii muteriulc: IlU H-Hll put,lIl, ~LHhili I'ol,,\,ii IIW\.olHlll.len 1111.1'0 l,(JI'lIltlllii elill H'!l'iu lui B,pdl1t po .1.11 (I p"I'I,II, I~i uuui null JllIIi mul\,j l'lHjt.UI'j l'i:t.id {lllllail, d.,m~jt.Ilt.I1, viLli:!':', cllIl'U\.i'\ d" l'oLul,io HUH till l'nvl)llI~,ill, "llll{lHII,iHlll 111.0,), lUI iln nll.u, Ln~tl a lu i Bud 0 riim! no ;0 "tl trllll' Itl'i L lIuL i(~il lul.ru t.o L III

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. nl'iilntn III PHl'llgl'Hhll I'rt (:( dellt., eI\ Un IIUg 8-1\ 1I1l1U-

«1,1'111. 111 1I00'HH,lo l-liKlnnului uusl.r u gol"", ~i t:i~ Nr pt.uu ~I Plul nu 1111 s-nu lueudrul., HUll (~il 1111 s-nu IIH\l\dl'ut, "illdi", Iiiud musnf'iri mui n'cP)J~L SUU JH nt.u eli Pluton (cu d iH I: U,III,11 n,wtI i,~ dn ~oUl'e lin ;~U,()) C4 ITgpU IIC lt~ tel'· mcnului .18,8, rar Nnpl.un estc sl.rtiin •.•

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1. SIRUL LUI FIBONACCI

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Esle vorha de un ~ir de nUmCJ'0, HumiL, a!5I.r~~1 uupa ce~ care ni I-a lasnt. mostenire: Leonardo din. Paw, [iul lui Bonaccio. {Bonaceio OJ'a init.ial () p""("da: cuvlnl.ul acest.a, In limbu italianii, lnsourunii fJ"osl(~nfU'.) LOOIIIlI:do, 1I1111,p!'UHlinillll 1I111ItI.t)l\ II Il'tiil III 14rh'~II.1I1 Htl(:olullli III ~ II ~II:~II ~i III pl'ililU juut.rl.ul « Il H4\I'Hlllllii III XIII,-ltlll

. (dllLI,ln t':-'lldo 1111 H(' 11111l'.'HI~): ~-,Il ,Ol:IIPIiI. i-llllnll~l:l,n do U1'il.llInl.il:il. ~ iui i ·';H?-!. • .....JIIt.III~HI~n ~,\I 11I1;l'odt~I"I'.I't"l 011,1'1'101'

nruhn" 'Ill hlll'()IHI. 'i I ; HI\I'lj'l'dn snl«, [nl.uuuul.u 111 IUllha

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Int.ill/'l, ~"fl it\e;'''~'Il: tl.l;'Ollll/,(UI / I 111,"" HH/II('U. isuuus

(I JnollHl'd din Pisn, rlul lui l Ionuccin). NUII,InII: L(~OIlHl'lll~ H fo~\, uil.ul.; PIl!~I,pl'il:,HI I'll 'Ii pi'il-\I.,'nlll'.ii, ~IIII,lId'"'II,1I 11\111\111 c1upi'i IIIUlIl\lp plll,I'Ollil\l.il~: /ilil.I.~ 1~!,'UlII'''' (I'lld 1111 I~IIIIIW-

('. i It ), K II 1I till I'll I' II III (', I.' ill I'll t \I.1l L II: I, tim u 1/ t't'I " , .,

~il'td Illi 1"ihuIIIII',t',i itltwp" nil 11,111111'1'1,1,. I) f~1 I, 1,I_lI' Ilflnul:41 1111111 it!' III' III i'll. II I' (l K II \ I: II': III (',11 K U 11111 I ~ 111111' II t) HII 111111 W ~ I' t',III'p 1I p,'jln,'d:

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EHLt\ 'C\IH\1l C~CI Itllll ('111111 il~i('llii dill :I,il"ln 1IIIIIHIrn 11111111'1-\41 UII sir /'('('''1'('111, Iltlioll 1111 ~Iil' do 11111111'1'(1 nlll'" 1011,\ tlll(lt)IHI dupil 0 1lll.IIIIIiUi I'I'gu1j'i. I ),U'.i, 11'1'1111'11111 lip urd iuu] n. ll

lIul.h II I Oil "11, I'l'Hlihi n "'p",1 iUt t'~111 (I~ pri llIIlil tiP I'llI''' .uiulu tin "tH)UI'("I~li 11'1 = ",J-2 + lIn-l'

. ~ . t II "II" 1'1 \ lllii 11\' C I III II n "II r III ',I' II ii' i t \ \I 41 J 11\1111 I I i u ~ i I \I i 1'1\ II (' ;:,', .• nun In I 't ! , J) III' uumu i i n II" III' tilt i, . e,l e i II et S 1 tl it I ~ i I'll j 1'(' I~}:: do 1111111(1,"0 1111 1'101111 dt'I'f'1 hllilldl", pt 1I1111 IIIlIil 11101 ive : '>'-: .n. ~iJ'ulluj FiLolIHCeJ HI'P PltlPIJl'lll~i mull i )h~ ~i vx l rr m " d., 11l1.(l.1'11flllllll'. pl'illll'!' 1'/1111 t;11 Illdllf,l'j\ f.1j IlI11(ilClIII'I,II':

-:- Sumu pl'ltHilOl' n. II'I nu-ui ni ~'ll'lIl\1il P uu J mni

IlIit,ti tI('lIIt, t(ll'lIl1'lllIl 111I~!I-llIlIl(tI 01': 1:110 .. , Un H~ _. 'I,

. --- .p 1.11'111 "I t, I ii', ill' II i I t 'I 111 I II III ~ i r 11111 i d i 1'1' 1'1 d II II I II Ii Ill~ III Lt' I' II II' II i 1111' \' r n i II i (\ II - I I t> nu I ~ II -~. J, III t I I 11111 i v: 1/;; :--=-:=: 1111--1 >< 1111-11 +. (-.I )11,

- Pl'od \lfo: \I I n dlli II~J 1111 I,j t'III1H ('III ivi III ii ului dil'l'l'ii

till PI'tldllKld I (I'llll'llillJl' \'l cill.i ell .-1- 'I ~ III ell "- 1,

hallt~J'lwLiv: /)'1_1 X lin = (11,1-2 X lI'HI) -1- (- 1)'/.

q- SUIlH.l primilor l", JiH IIi riP or'dill illlp U' dl! Ja Ul . .pilll!]U 112n-J. (::-;le f'gliitl ell II I Jill Ltd "21J: 111 +- "3 ·1,- ... -1"

+ ll2fl-l = 11.211'

- SUIIla .pl'illlilOI' l cruu ni dl': ordill pm: (!, III If~ pillti III 1/ ~'II II A L I I I' J.('" il t'o \I It, I IIII' II till/ ~'" j I III i I ~ ~(l1' II I ~ II I: u :1 1_ --j- II d -I" .. , -I- II :',,~. II :'" I I -" I.

- Sumn l'itll'lIlrlpl' Pl'illlillll' II It 11111 IIi I It, (glllii I'll

)l1'odm'lIllI" >< "",1: II!,~ -I I(~i -j ... + u;; ~-. I X u II I I'

- J'I'"llIllgiIUl !~illlllli f'Hh "1 ItI, I:dit'il ill 1.( 'II Lf gllli\,j'" IH'I)ziJlll' l~il'l:idn P'PIJli! l ul u (1.(, 11I1IIU:jj dill tUU\!:ltt, zonli, p01l111l II pI ~III! I( 1111, ill til' I I t:III't.Il~'-', 1.\1 ~illl, I (I~i Jwgnl,i\'i, ci nlh runl iv IHg-lIli\i ~i FCI~ili,,: .

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h. ~il'uJ Illi JI'ih(lIIIlI~(d HI' 1"I!lllt HIli 1'1'( j'.\'11 t 11 d 1\ oHI "i 1 1 ~ I. (I (11111 Ii 1'1'1 1'.1 III I,' i 1111111 Ii 110 II I V(Iv,(d,u I:

UII pl'illll\X( 1111'111, tl:\111 III dll1"'1 IlIllil'inlll i t.lll H,il'ld lui Fjlltlj:ItI~I~i ~',lI\"c I'lle lIi'j', r'IlIlii'il'lIl

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- All. u xuruplu m~I,,, discul l'Iol'ii-~,I)lII"11I1i, 1m OIlI'O KI:lIlill\,010 HllIl diKp\l~1l cllll'i'j «!OIl:'1 1.\1\1'1( tin Olll'l.n,: II 11111'111 nil ourhuriln 111 snusul Jl1 :inmllil unulor IIIHIt t~OnHOI'llle, ooulnll.i' ell ourhurilu In iHnllH invurs (l'ig, !',), e.,l., .1011;\ HtH'ii 1111 PI'tl/.illl,ilIIlKil UI~, 1111111111' nwd .In ~Hll'h',I, .1111' Il,io~ dOUIl 1I1111l11l'O ill,IMaln i.nt.illlpllit.UHI'O, m dui l.uruuvui nOII~IIII~IILivi IIi uirului lui li~iIIOIIIII\oi: III uxnlupllll'l,lnl,illtll'I', Illilli 'I:t ni ~I ~nu:ll ~i ;:~/l: ourho ; III tlxlIll'plul'oln lIIijlllnii, iJll ~i r.'!J IOllI'lW; I" II xtHl.qlllll'~,ln '1I1l1'i, p111ii In H~} H.i '1/1'1 mll'lhl.

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~i!' ux priuui, 1 u liruhuj uril.mul.ic, lo}.tdll illBllm~l'ii ~i It l'ojII'lHIIII:nl'ii. »n lUlIIII" i H-ll IIwi tlnl. ~'i 1\lIlllnlo tin l('~Nt

'. fl't'\'ltri/o/' orgunir», BinftJgii ~I,ill uti ol'ien ((lnull vio cuulilln ~i I'(qlt~('ii Hl.utliil., IH"H:IHloIiLn nhl H.l'T~i(!i l'oHpm:I,ivtJ pH souru evolul.ivii. Aeosl. lldnvlir nsLn 11 'truehipnl., n~ndill', tin uu ~,il' ell! nuuturu, OHI'U l'oJJI'oi'.iul.il, pr'illlmulIHUI'o, lH'OtltlfHtI nvolut.iv, I~i 41111'1111101'1111 nil 0 ~i 'I dOtlflll,'lIiLIII'U (JllHio, primul diul.ro lIln Aimbtlli7.1lld JHl utul, nnfiinl,n, inl' .~l1liHtllt IIl1il.llLOH (HUll 11 lIil.lll'it.al.oll) comuusului, II ~) X i:1 1.41 II ~,(\i, EKLo I pon 1.0, II 1:0 II I'i I'J UIlI't) II JI U II cl. II lui do vndlll'o HI lui Pil.ugol'u, oil -APlOIlt'ft Ol~ 1"1: JCCtvt' l:7t{;OL!((:v

h (Totul m~l,o 1'111tillil. in ItIwu1.r), III unul dill Plll'llgt'lIfoJo ~ unuiil.unru (11.H.3) VUIIl faeu ellllo~t.jll~,i jnsii ~l cu 0 confinunr« a puuel.ulu] dn vndol'll nl lui P 111.011, nil t.otllJ '~Hl(~ rluduit In [ornui, - ~i npoi vom COl stut.n din nou (11.11."') elL de RI,l'lnsi:i est(! iuterconexiur t!U celor uouii moda]jli1\.i do JnunifnHttU'o n nrmnnini u rivoranln: COlt ariuncticii [numornlu) ~i con t:cofllr.lricc'i ( ormnle).

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2. GENER.ALlZAREA ~IRULUI lUI FIBONACCI.

~IRURI flBONACCIENE

O r ioilltl fntal etilltl~l,illt,i'l (~II lIilHLl'tJ~lIielil ~'I' HI lui FiboHHOd tsi I.ulln i nuul ill I. jllt.I'ohnl'cHI: 01"'0 HenRI, Hil' tlo uu-

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11l00'O oHI,1I Hinglll'ul tiI1.11HI,I'HI, ou WHlflll11ltHl '1lHtlAil'i 4lXl\l\p-

\,iOIlUlo i' S-Htl lunl, Ull bll1.ii uuruorol« U ~ 'I;· dill' duel'l Ho in Oil hU1,il 1l11.1'i plII'nolan cll\ uumor«, III' HI' lut1l11plll j' J Ill.r'-atll!viir't tlo plllll.lI luu 1111 hlli'.'·' orif'{Y't' IH,,.('d/.(~ d,~ n,lIl11f:n', 1l1,lIl '11I,dl,. 1'1I1.'~It,ii, nil" Hillt. p",Hihi,ln r illfhl,itatf! d(~ strut: do J,~lIIl1rl tlUl'lIll11 1111 IllblllllHHII, dlHI.1I0l,II 1111.1'0 4,1" f,li Lotul dil'~)I'il,n do 1,lil'lIlllli II'ihIlIlIlOlli, po C~UI'tl 1(1 rlunumim siruri filJOIUI.l:t·':(!IU', 1)111' siruril« fihilltl{:ninlill Hillt.

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diHl.inoln 1111.1'0 tIll! ~i l.ol.ul cliflll'iLll tio ~il'tli lui Filt(lllUeOI I

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nuuuu lu np"I'('IlVI, p(Hl~rll eii c,~"it:" ,ulll ~i,'" t~~~IlHI"l'lIi\' «"Pit 'HWt}u~i .'('gulit tI~ 1' •• ~nll,l:nll~lI, l~dlt~1I 1I1'1I':'~ H.II:, 1111,,': nucciuu, conti tu: ,~/""I-I'II[~/f dJ(~na('('I' 'ill\.l'·c! I urmu IIIIU Buill. Hr~ll ,lllJ~i pu~ill.ulJf't"'V~./ii, H,I UIIlIJIltl: C!I'~e(1,tcH'lIln.J~ u~ uriuiirui ~IJ' Iihunueuiuu (~},I,l rglll 1111 1\11111111 ('11 :-;1I1~I,11 cc.1m ,Ioi It\I'IlIPJli OHI'n 11 1'I'('(\(d, ci ~i ell Hl~llIn HUll clllnl'l'ntn It .lui LC'I'Ultllli IIi ~il'lIll1i, lui II'ihOllllt",C',I, HIIII C',\I tHlllln ,n. tl'tJi ltqlJlIt~11i Hi ~\il'lIllIi lui ~I,o'ihollll(\(~i. (( II (\4"11 .',1\ 1I1·IIH\II/'I,~' sirul VIl £i dnlluilliL pl'inc\(\ln dU1Iit 1I11111Cl1'n ~In hIlZ~'~, illdllHO 11111't~ I'HI'IIIIl.ui,1:l dl'C,lpLn. POI,I'i\'il, IIt~~'H,I.q II~JI.H~I~~ sirul lui Fihonnnni f.n IIl111H'r~I" Ill, :II.) PI', (\II'.nlll Oil dllt:1l iH'imul dill, cplo dOllii J1Ull\UI~n tin, 1>n1.:"" (,Hit" 0, cu ill §il'ul lui, Fihuuucci, ue(:-I., (I 1l!11eI,IHC(,IIZI~ '211 1111 fnl .. dt: uxii de aimol.ric, U~1l hiett, 111 Z(lIIII. 1.\(J..!:Ht,~~1I I,' 1'~,lt'.11I1 11 repeta simet.rio pe cei din, 7.PIHl 1)()1-1L~vrl, IllJ~d rnsu alLtl'~ nut iv pozit ivi ~i ErgaU vi, ,I h eli 11I'!IlIul d,w cde dOlJCl numere de huza r.u r st e U, al unct He })]C'l'cJw uxa de simetrio ~i d f ci ~i r i Hit l.r in, II ~n } neil I.r ~'IJl~\ II i i din 1-01l,a llt'galh'u nu-i mai Hrdi, sinu l ric pe Cl J din ZOJHl POZl-

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, n',!' P' l!l r x I III plirinlll't II t x nru i IIlrel, ~il'~II'illl 'III (~~I,~'(l ),~l/,a

(Hte lIteM,uj,l;l JJH (I ~l un nunutr dllt~I'II, cI", I, ~n 1110111, de pildo, ~ind tn, :IJ:

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Punl.ru H:: pUlln ill l1vjdHn~rl rUjll.lIl ,dl l'it't:II.I'1' ,l.l'''·IIH\I~ 111 ucmHl.ui ~il' I'Hlo l gul l~1J ~lIl1lll Il dill It 11l1I~1I ",1 ~1I'HllI!, lui FjhOlHwc~i, Hwi'1l\ uuulsu]: 1I11ul d01l1i ~II'lIl'l nl(l lui Fihunncci, diuLI't.' (HlI'O unul (\HI,Cl illipim-l, pl'ill l'I'HIIHIHti,,~ (III ~ bH'lI)nlli Kpl'n tll'('lIpt'I~, A(~(~~l." dow'\ ~il'lJi'i nlo lui It'jIHllIIHH:i', 'jwHlIlllilu 1.t'I')l\I:1l CHI I.m'lIH II JIll \'t1l'1 illHHi.

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Am "rUIll.HIlt. ilHHlllItll'iln dCI IllUi f'IIH IlUII IIi plllll,l'lI H dovcdi ell H,i nous]. Lip do ~il'lll'j [ibonucci ~1l0 1'(~Kpeeli.i mgllin gllllOl'ulii, H,i HIIIIIII!' lIt~nnll nil fit!CHII'(\ 1"'III1~Il1.1lllllui ~ir' fihoIlU(:c:iHlI OK(.O ~~glll ou KUIllIt HUll dif ~I'nll~'H H rlui Lcrrnoui ui ~iJ'uJui lui jlihonuccit Hall cu .uma u Lr'ei (,ef'mnni IIi ~jl'tlJui lui Fihoflueei. ToLIlHi :j','ul'jlo flbo.

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nD:cCl~lle do t!J)Ul,f.(J, /1..1 H.E! poL ob~ine mai II :-Illn din ~il'uJ

Iui It I ho n U(~fll I "'III 1."-1) H I III ,.1 il i J 111111 I ~ i I'B II I. u 1.1II'(jf' "(lI'N lnetlil~J' ~il'u lui It.' i j/ihollaeci cu n, As! foJ sirul 1.0, 3.1 'I~ m,!l1RIlR H\~ ()ht'"l1~ 1111111Ji\-illcl nu ;ll.o\,i I,nl' nnuii sirulu] h 11 II I h CJ 1111 tll \ I. I n I' ~ II' III I (I, 7 I d II III n i ~; WI f-: \ CJ h ~,i ILIl 1,0 l, ~HIl.foJ hunullir«] elf 'J I.ol i 1.4 l'lllnllii ~il'llilli II i Fibonucoi. J~l.t\ IIllum d?1I11 (\\IIIIIPIIl tin '"il'llI'i fi))OIlII ~oi(\llo, ill n (JIlI'OI' huzi"'t 1'1'1 mu 1 lIumftl' nu osLo U, inr ul { ()ilen Ilum/tl'

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Hciuse, prin 1I1'1lHlI'P, cil lunl.u ~il'ttrilt~ l'ibtIlHII'.I"i.·IHl .iIII IIgi·· nuhiln, iuf'init.ul.cu dn ~iJ'tJl'i i'iholltH:cil'lI(l j1t1Hihilp, IIlI Hint. ultcevn doclt iposl.azo, rOJ IlW ptll'Url'UHI.i(:l!, d('~hizilJ'i, sub care so ascundo un ;~ji,. If uu: : sirul lui Fibonucci - adieu legea unicii ~i imuahila H crcslorilor organiec.

3. SECTIUNEA DE AUR

PtJ 1111 f:ltT.lllPlI(, tin dl'l~lIpll\ LIlJn!!, tiP Iloi 11.11 (A ~i /l fii."tt jlullet"I.! lui ux l.r: JUl'), fn 1I~'lii 0 illriljil,/~It\ dl~ JI'II~(\t.I:. D1I1LI'" nerf;ln punct«, \1l11l1 RlIlglll" 1I111l11I, .In 1101 (, J hlljulilu (snu 1.11 in, HIlIi ~(l(~\iHIH 111.11) f.',q~1I1l'1I1111 J1!' 1 u .louH pi"I'P illt'~ult~ 111 1it;~0i\1 (l'iH. ti)lndl. 1':11101'1,111 diut.ro t;pguHlJllul1111 mg si purl:; I' illllli 111111'0 ~l'i I'il~ q~1l1 cu 1'1111(11'- 1.111 rl iut ro 11I1I'lr'n 111l1~b~i.lllllln ~.:i !J1I1'14'11 iuni Illinii:

AJJ I A C~· A C le}J :Ili ill vrr«, I'!H II wI. lJ I d i 1111'1' 1'111'1 ~'II 11111 i IIIlIrt 1 Hi ft'IJIIII'1l1 til 1111 n g g,'i Iio ('Irlll ou 1'111101'1111 .III1LI'P PUI'I,PH

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mni IHid, t,li 1'"1'11"11 Ililli IIlW'P: Anl;l n· . ('I:/ .. U'. ClIllll.tl

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mni lIIidi: "(:~~:-. CII X'! 1\ N, KllIl A(,': : V (:Ux/I N. Su obiHlluit'Hlt~ II HPllllJlli 1'111111''' IlIni 111111'4' //f,,./n' mojol'il.

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Qcu s (ifli~ill)a CUVJIlLului SC(:{t:u.nc), a~1.l lien ponl.ru

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- OHI'tl nKI'1l suhuuil.nr, Hdidi mui mio cloel 1,- l'n~ult.il Hol'H~,ill .I/s. (Ullit HUt.OI'j l'oluHnl:h} Oil lloLa~· {1 l'0uLnlHoe\,iulina do nur, ill Ion .In s ~i :I/sJ l1oLH~.in 'P ~i :llrp.) Slle~,illllt1n do lilli' II fOHl, nlilloHoul.ti din l.im] uri HLI't'lVtmhi d.t! old.I'1I illi~,itl\-ii t1gil'l.nlli ~i gl'ooi, OHI'" II III IIll1UlI i~"'p/ir .. iirc« in lII.(ttl':f! \"i «r! renui tarin, tl HI' I i-n r I HI. d i v II IgllI':l donUt ullin 11l Honul,,1 III 111-IIlH 1.0.11, dll ,;il.l'O li;ulllill. 'I'ot. Euclid 1\ tI!\llllIlI~I.I'Hl, eii KoglilO II til I j JJ ~i Ol'ieUI'I1 rliul.ru t:,,11I dOllii (liil'\.i Illn lWIIHi.uia (AL' I all C 11) HIIlI. illlllllllnW-IlIJ'ahilnJ dnni 11.1111111111'1110 S ~,Ii '1 Is 1-1 ul. inuiotui!«.

I)" 1I111'nl, 1I\II11t,Ii PIII!.UII, dU(I:'i 011 HI"IIIII lIil )4::-1\.11 uu 1lt1l'ul.ill\1I nil dllll(i 11It:I'III'j Hli rio pll~" III I 'g,d,III'ii \111111 till 1111.111 II!,III (:11 Hi'i III(\id,lIim~(\/l Inlllllll.i'i, 1111 uni 'lin, nov"

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mio ca eel n18f'C fatu ue en! mijlociu, ~I JIIYU'H., cp) mic faFi de eel mijlociu pa eel mijlcciu raFt do eel mnrc, at.,~ncj, uJLiI,nul ~i. prjll.?1 deVjfW eel mijlueiu, inr cd mijlociu .primul ~1 Ultl(~~Jd, dcci tutul devine 111 mod ]![CC~H~U' ucn11l~i, ~i ~nt.luoit dovinn ue('ln~i 1l1(:ill.lIi(l~l.n un l\I' UIIW, AI~II ~I\ I'tlOIIZt'Il1.i\ III IHud I'iI't'H(\ 111'11 III/Ii I'I'lIlllO/lH!'i PI'OPOl'\ IP, U Pl'ill',~II'JIlllnll! 1~11l1 till, ,Id lid dt rillt ~I (I Pl'lI)111I'\.ill jo g'oJLt_'I'HI, 0 lid IJlt~~k 1"'111 ~(lUl·IlII1t'1I del 11111', (illl'll ('HI.I' du,pII 01,: uniru i'OI111it OI'g'lIl1iell. l'in'ut\(\o, LI I'I'OPOI'\ il'i: chiul: 1=111\11 "tlJlllil\li IIlJllull.iplidLlIlllH,

Vulul'~ln 8 ~i J Is Jlul, ri J~j'iHilu ~Ii I'n (:1111~ grlll'il:il, IIdil\H IUIIlHII nil I'lgln ~i (',ompWiilll (rig, '1), 111 llunHL AI~lIp, 1'1\ eUlliHul 1I III ~rglllnlllllJlIj A IJ I'ldil~illll 0 PI'I'I'Pluli(HlllIl'fl d~\ 11IlIgil.lIP t'g~dil I~II 1I.n. ell II4~PllKli, luugilll" tll'PPI. (lwllIl't "11 dNH'.I'U'1l1 1111. (~I~I'O (\11 .:1'1111'111 ill t). ) ),wii uuim puuul.ul iii .• \11 1:1'1111'111 0, tll't1Upl.1l A() illt.t"'H .. (~L(\lIJ'.(1 t~t\I'(:lIl ·ill·pUIlt'.I,lIl I), SII d(lJlIOIIHI,I'OIl;/,ii nil 11I1ltt'illlllll 11"

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fIIo~t,tI IlII'd III IH'II plll'~ 1111111 Iii .(~i·i IILnl,Ii ; Ull pOI\ 1.0 I'i 1.1'11111-11'01'-

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41t1IlHIIIHII'PHZii (11i lul.uru 1'1!1l1,Uglllllllui I'PJ 01111. cuu vux R,i 1111. 111'1\ 1" ~ 11 1.1\ go 1111111 i 1'1' g 111111. H 1.1 ' III I. Hn 111'1 it .1 III·n, ( 01 n III 1'111 H 11'1111 d tl II \ It' s.

PnllLngollll1 1-11.01111., utuuil. ~i IH'IIIf1.!:rtfIlUI unu pll 1111 100 ~ ilo 1'1'11111.1\ In HI' ... ~lIllIt·iil.1 riloHnl'il:ol.pul(lgi:n "Ill lui 11il./I~ g~lI"a *i Hln di:'H:ip()lillll' lui, I)n IW(I.(\lI, ~ ~tlIIIH piLlIg(ll'itHIlIli'l n rOIUlitllll'lll. l:ii 1'1'1'Ill'inl.lll.l'n illlpfll'l il'ii 111. Ilwtlin ~i

nxl.l'PlIlll I'H~.il' - till n tin lIlLIII'H <leeng' iuului l'l~g\lIHt. CUIIVl~X. ~i luLIII'H plllltUglllllllui !:I1,nlllt. (udio I lnl.urn pl·1Hl.ngnllilld) -_. eH1,1l tin 1I111111'tl "liiviIU1". 1IlI,I!IIl.ul.ieiUIllil ituliuu Luca Pacioli (/,,: llorg» (1t.ft:)-1:)1/, H sl.url inl. mni ir,ulf:npr'oll[Jr irnpitl'~.il'pa l n merlin ~i exl I'flJIHl rutin ~i, uimit dn (~xl."uol'djllll/'nll\ I~j P"()IH'ipLI1\.i, 1\ IIlJllIiL-1I cililll' profJ(JI'I_i(J diviua (pl'OpOI'\,ill divirui), I'nlll] III, ill u(:nnH\.ji dnuumirn, eOIH:41 ppa pi I.ag-ol'ieiallll, I'Hint,· '1"'IlLnLiI, illHii, 1111.1'''0 rOI'lllii ill (\111'11 Hpil'il,ul I'PIIIl~l',(\1I1 i!J.l. K1111llbilli·i .111 p"It'I'lIiqn nH"illiHt~nll\.t1 11111 nwnl"lili ~ii l\\IIdil\\,l\lp. Puuioli 1\ PlJhlil~lll, III\PHl.n sl.udii (I IdIU) 111 1'-0 tllll'l.n iul.i~'lIllll'l' On (lil1imt Pl'OIUJI'liufI(! (l>eHlwo pI'li )tH'~'IH diviuii}, dll!-lI·I'ld II .lp 1:~II'll 11411111111'110 1111 \'illt\i, hll' I JlI'('1 1I11'l I II Kpil'it. ~I.iillt.irin. Jill l'olnHtl~l.n ill Kel'ii'l'illl 1 Hln d"llIllllil't'l~ fJJ'~}/J(J"(i((. ,1,"7Iim(., dllih tin I\ld,l'n 1 .uun i'uuit li, ei --'- pUJltl'll pruun dllLo ill i~~llIl'in dPllIllllil'lllI tin ,\'1' ·(ill.l/.I'(I, fll' «ur.

]) "1'11 HI\nI'U, H(ln t, i tlllP 1\ d n Hili' 11 001\ I. i !HUd. f 1\ HO II 11111111 1i~_{'.i1 , III l'nl l~a ill 1.1'(\1\111., I'1II/}(II'(il'('ti. In /II (,(li(! ~, (',r1I'f'mi'i. 1'(1(,>. I\nplnl' II 1I11111iC-1I srriinsu«: 'JI'o/wr(io/l.( /'1., ., II HPoollll III \J \~ltlll, 1111l1.tHIIIII.icilllllll glH'lIlUlI Mal" nO/IIII- (17!1:l ..... .IB/I~) ---. rl'lIlldt! l'il',il~iHIII""i l ~lllll'g Sillllli OJIIII -_. It 1'0 hili I., III vuluruul II III hltll'i'U'ii Knill III' ·W! /,;1.('/11.(''''01' nwl/(t'lJllllilf. (~·II'IIIIIIIIt.il'n nlllllwlIl.IlI'i't P\l1;I), IIIIlIlllllil'llI ,\'f'c'(irlll-I'tI (l" 11111", I'(IIIIII!-Iji 111 III', pi 1111 UHI (1,j,

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J'(IIHO Crt 1"1 = -'·-T~ -.-- ... = . ,\),0 )"oI.JHd .. " &HI"

PI' nl.ru 1/8 rm'.lIl Ut III' 1lI1~" II !I I'd 0 p glllll.ii ~ i (: i \I II 1\ 1.1' :

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_ = -:::-~,__,-=~ ... -~ cr.~ _.- J :-:~ O,liH{():':l~)~H " •

. ,. ~!) I' 'I :J.: .

Ul'HOI'vilHl oji numnrul« il'lI\itllllll" S ~i 'lIs 1111 piil'\,i rul iuunlo inl,I'{\g'i dirlll'il,f', dill' (J.C(J('(I~'/: I IIII' It! :'fn~m(/Itl transcetulauil. 'IVI Hi JII u ltd tI( d I);i ,,1.'1 til: piHl'1I t III III i s t 111 t,o .'i2 == 2 -1- 1/s ~ s ~I- 1 :::.~~, :l!1)1H():~:HI~H , .. , vnlunre 1:H!'tI, nHil.lu'i tIn IIltil pari n I'II~ iqlllllii illl,l't\llgii, PI'llzillt.ii diu HUU aceeasi parte zecimalii 'tI'Clnsccudcnli1(

o propriot.uto inturcsunl ii ~i cliiur Lizul'u u.seoliuuii do our este fuptul ca vnlrmruuorinilroi putcri (pm'.itiv,~ snu negative) a numarului de: UUI' s esl e rgulii cu sunui valorilor celor douii puteri prcoedentc:

Sl = .~.o -1- :r1

,.2 _ ~,L _1_ ,,0

,..,. -.-, t: t'l

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,\ ' :-~.::: .'}' ,. ~ 1- s

Sol ""-, ,...';1 rl' s~~

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Alt.il PI'Ol'l'int.lllo jllt.4~1't'IiHlllilIlIWt:tillllii do nur PHI.4I rllpl.lIl di, dueil 11l1.1'-lJ n d.l'4~ pt.lIllgJ,i, ~d(\ t:ii I'll i lul.ur] slu]. 1111,1'tI do 111 rupurl.ul S HIIlI 1/,1,',· dl~Hl'iil'tilll 1111 piil,l'lIl., dl'41pL- 1I11~hilll 1'lImIH\ 4\1-\1.41 IIHIIIII(\111'1l 4~1l 1II'('pLlIlIg'llilil illitilll, udioil 111'41 t,li 4'1 lui IIl'iln 111 li"l'orl,lIl S HIIII :1/...: r,li 111,111 Illui

fIH(lIlI't.tl (rig. H). .

J)flt:fl 111 IU~(\HI. dt tit'll 11'II1"i:lI) uurhu C',1I1'O t.1'fCll pl'ill dl.n lIll 'vii I III piil.rul.ulur, J't1Y.ltlll.ii (I Hpil'lIlii, t~IlIIClHt:lIl Ii ill milt. mul id suh IIUIIIPI" dc' :,~pi/,(fla /o;:Ol'illlll('(l, dt\lllll'tH~tI

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fl.: pOIILe.f',~pf'JfIlll nnnlil.ic priut.r-o f~I:lIutio oguI'iIHli(:ii (flg. U), Spirula loguritrnici; nu esto Lungentii IiI lal.urilo JUt l.ru I,dor',

Spiralu JoguJ'itmici'i 80, jJlI,i1J1P~te fn~(}V(~111, II Jlllt1JJ'i1,

. Un exernplu Hill" elll'hdfl Iormnl.e elfl siruri 10 In HmJli 111.0 0.10 J'JO,:ji-HOIH'dui . (y,.: J J.H.1 . .JJ., fig,' G) = He ~Hl.e eUI'Lo stnt spirnlo loganl rmco, Multo spccii de el' chilii ··Hill!. tin, Ht-lC'JlWIIPIl, Olll'iJlllp tlIIl'i', t-;pil'lIlll 11lJ{lIl'illlli('tl, '1'01. flJlII'~dll Jf,'glll'l,lllIit:n I'\·jllt., ~i lit J,UIOllHplll II i I (~OHIIl(lH, I'I'C\C:lIJ1l ~l (\ozd(1 t~4'101' 1111111111111., (:oJlldn .

Sniltill,IIPU 1111 IlUI' ('Hill, 1-\11 \'4'1'11 II Ii 'ill 1'lIglltll \'t~tl(.1l1 ~,i lu Cf,l,ill,IIIIIlIlI: III f,c,lp JlIHl 1111111(\ 1-\pt'l~ii v(~gnl.lll41 .i nnimnlo l'ill'\,tI(l eOlllpollt'lIl.tl Illt~ iudividului so ufltl J rl.re de b~

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raportul s sau -.If.s (fig. ,JO-:12). ()lIlhil,icII! illlpa!'Le,I,J1~I[ime a tot.ala a curpului ornonesc conlorm Sp.etnHlll .(~n aur, iar cole douu p.lli~.i asl.Iul rr.zult.at e (de la oruhilic la Cl'0.~lHL ~i de lu Lalp,lll,l omhilio) Sl~ ~1I1?,jlllilaI'L la rludul

• 10i' f;'i de "lot dll1':1 ~(e~·llJrlea de l.l1I1' (llg. ?:1) ".

La Basel, pe piutrn care im pod(Jhe~l.n mormlntul ~ui ,11I(lf/IIt'S n"l'lIol"'i·~'(p.)!yl· -·170;)). Kp Ill'lil I'YH\'ul.lt ,Slll/'(I. . niirabili» (spiruln li"kl'II,lInl:ll)' il~.I' dC'dt'~\IhL, (.,t1~IIIl.('ll~ /':(1(/.1'/11. uiuuua I'CS/l.l'g" l:)ohllllhul,j\ dUI' 1\(',tl('II~.11 IIln iIlHI~, din nou).

Piclcnrl· corcjutui

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4. NEBANUITELE RELATII DINTRE ~IRUL LUI FIBONACCI ~I SECTIUNEA DE AUR

('

J II 1'1I1'1I~I'ld'I'ln 1'1'1 fl 111'111 1\ 11111 r{.t~lIl I 1IIl(l~t,iIlU, eta '

~/1'1I1 11l'~ Fihonucri, muuit. l;\i Ir,!...'('fI rrcst, 'ilur (J"fJlm:(~/:, d.'I~i till (I log" -. snu, iuui hilill ZiH: ell (I I ·gil.ale ~ pur i 0I'illll(l/il'(1, IIl'P(HIIiI ~,Ii UII Sfl'tilllll'll til' (111/, nHI'(' t'lIl'I 0 I' l«'go - su II: t I II'~illil {I - III If' gromrtririi, 1\ I'· pnl'PH ci\ I III I 0 X i K 1.11 ~ i II \I P 0111 II P x i H I It I j j e i (I lr g ti hi '{I, d n II i o i lIll I

. rid, 11111'1' 1111- ,~'il' iti[ini! ii" uuinrrc roiio, til,', udiei·i til! ~ellt.ij,ll~i p!-:('Jl\iHllIlt'liln nril mol.ic«, p(\ tie ( pUJ'I,p, ~i UII .. rupnrt I'H'Il~ ialmr nl t' grolllni J'i.:, uxprin III, P"jUII'-lI11

. siugur uunuir tru nscetulcnt, po ue uIU, pa l e, :;>j luLu~i: noestn dUlI.-i l(~giLil \ i sln! Ft.,.jmi legHI n iJ 1m pin, prin rolul.ii mul.erual.ico eor:cnd." JallJ 118IweL In pl'iJl(liplJiu uJu ttel'SI,(H' lr gIl t 1I I' i .

n. Notum l.crrueuii dill ZOllH pozjt.iv~1 ~i d'll ZOJIU Ilega. t.iVII ni .sirului lui Fiholllleei ell lilpl'n u, )f'(lYIIZlIl Ii -ell till illdi,'p, ('HI'C' 1'1 pn ",ill I il 1'I1I'~lIl lvruu-uu tli n t-tp~ I~I iv I UHI Ir l :

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'1'('1'1114'11111 dl-! 1111 1'1I11{r 1111I't C',lIIl' II :-'U 111t14'~ ZI( llKUdHl' <:U

h •

II". Hdllil!tl Ill: II III li!-\I'li \'11101 ilur .,11 (Y.:II,I·.:~) ~i poruiurl

tin HUH ill .1111:1, c1illll ill l'il'tlll!'CI l'g'1I1i1 Hill pul -rii lui s J't'1-'~ pll.~I,ivn \'lllolll'I'I1 IJI,~ iuut j'I ill c1glllil.ulf'll pn'et: dr ut it

I tf'l'.lIll.i'i : ,I.,' I ;:-:: Sll -1- ,\,- 1 ~-: '1,\, -I" () ~-: "1'" -1'111

s~! -:: ,\' 1 -I' ,\,11 r: h' ·1, 'I :-. II ',',S ·1· I I

L·:I , ,. ,,~~·I "I .. • )" ·1, I - . II" I·,

• ., •• f • ./.J., . ., • .,. " '.

,\,.1 .:: ,Ii:1 -I· , v !~ :-~.: Is ·1· :l ~... ,,~,\I -I' I ;':

,[\ , •• t,1 _I' <:L •. - r", _I" ') ,_ ... II ,I _I' I

.-' ........,. i\ .,- .. ,1 I) "". rl" ,I

"II .. M. "tt _I' ,.·1 .-.- LI" _,1, r) --- II t' _I'"

III~ •• ..... .., .. "t. . ,-"."1 I --- - nil! ! I

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Ur'llLi11,illtl pO vOl'l,inal{\ 'i'a~ul'il,~ 111I1H;~,l'i\~n ",Ip, I~UI:I"I~i.",~. ~,illll' hiuniuului, OhHIII'viilli nil lHln~\.1 .lunrltllnll\,1 ul(\u· t,uillHO duuii ~il'lll'i "In lui l"ibul1l1noi, .11111.1'0 C~III't! 11111111:1'1.1' illlellllll, 011 unl.nrrunn ra~,;) do (~Idiilllll.. "*"diU', 1111.1'1\ ~11'I1i

Ju i FihoullI:ni fJi Hoot,ill un 'II till 11111' "X i~\I"i III'IU~ I,nllmll relal.io mnl.nmul.icii HIII'pri 11 zi'il,olII'p :

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,Ii" r: "~.·S ·1· 1111 I'

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eu alto ouviul,u: 1'1t1i'1'('tI. d!~ ()";I'I~ .I~,.(/d (I'O/,ILlv uuu II.:'_~II'

l.iv) n , numiirului LI'nlHle!~wll!lIl, S Hn ,pCln~.o P~,PI,'IIllI~ printr-uu hiuutu de /:l'adnf 1, III ea!'ll e:~,1 d~H eonl W,II!Il~! H1nl, (101 l,m'lHnJli l;onHnt~l!tJivi (l'I1\-IOII.:,dl ~I. 1nLI'l'gl) HI fjil'u 1 u i J u i Fi hn n aee i. J.)(~ i 11 xe III p III: :"",1,. 1f.:J' S -[- '~2 = = 2s + 1 = :J,2JGOGG ..•. -1- :l = ft,2IjGUG~) ... AIL eX:Huplu: ,.;;-3 = U-3" S + U-4 __J 2s - 3 = 3,236066." - 3 =

= 0,236066 ... , I " .~.

h. Orico putere pozil.ivii ;de ordin I.rnpar :~ l.lUl,n_~r'ulu~ s are ca parte lntreagil sur;na tormonilor vecl~l ar ~Ir\,du~ lui Fihonaeei, iUI' par'tonl r.cH~inudil a 1~I:I1Ht.nl Plltt:I" ~I 001\ u pIIL."'ii nnlJ,lIl,lv" Hin~\~I.I'It\., (tHlh,llluI.HI'I') t\luL IIlt"~~ L ico, cnou OB j Ilsonmnil. el,i t.h~ 01'0 ul,.1l tllllt,~'o pHI/II,I'Il:' I!01.I\,jvi'iilllpIH'a l\ uunulrulu] ,'r ~I plll~,nl'nn hit, 11.~lg:~t,IVI.' ,HIIIII'~ I,J'itllL nRl,n ngnla ell RUIlUl l,m'lIllHHlol' VtH~IIH tllII ~1I111 lUI

, ., .. ii' ,.",.1 ,(:.l,,,I),-U _1_

FllHllllleta 111' pul.m'lI pIYI,~ ,I VO: S" - ,0,; .- 2"

-1- 112,,+2· iut.il uu nXI\lIlpl~l:

...,:1 = t'J.,2:lGOG<i .• 0 (Ill cnro '1'1 = ":« -[- u s = ;~ -[- :I);

- 'I () q 'I('{)( '(j i

S • ~-= ,~, .. )) ) . I. ; i: .

,Ii' - s-:J = 114 ·1- u~~ == :.~.q t =-"'"': /1: (1~~ ellm dlrClI'CHI~'H a

I dOlll'l IlIiIlWI't\ 1.I'IIJl!intlll-

! dnlll.tI mll,n I'nt-iollal;', ~i

111l.l'nllgii I)

t~, Ol'illll Plitol'(I I'0i',it,iv;i j,dCl ol'dill y"l' /I ,rll~IIl:,il'I!llIi ,~ ut'o 1111 pUI'LtI IIILI'III1g-fa 1I\l";I:! Lnl'III'lllIlul' VI\lHIII III 1,1,1 I'U I "ul III i l,'i 1tt u~ nooi I'H~ lW-I,I'i ou (t 11111 La 1.11, i 1l1' P:lI'(,1l1L ':111\11111,"" n IWOKI,tll p,ltm'l ~I 1~1l1\ ;Il 1'1I1..II'ii IlllgllLivn auu d,l'ltHI

52

\(SULUlliltll't!) hIHIJrlHHIZI) 0 unil.nl «, lUjjell HliJI It 1;0)01' dOllil hHII'.'I'j lIilJlt'll'in' Pili., I'glilii CII HlIllHl 1,('1'1111 1I,10i' Yt'l~ill' . {dill ~il'1I1 lui Fih(llllw.c~i IIi jllIIl'l'ii po(,itjvn: ,:~II +. ,\' ~": ~:'

. = II 211- J +, II ~1'H 1,111111 1111 nx f' III pili :

.~4 ~~ (;,H[';dlt~ .. ,("lll ClUI'U (i =-:-'.0 "rt + 11:1 - :1 =.: !) -[- ~--1); ,\'-~ ~ o,:J1lr)~,mB .. ,(ill t',/ll'., (I,'f/,;IHPR .. r." '1 - ),}~:l/dll~ .. .}; _,,'I ~I s " . - "1~ ,I ":1 ~- !)'I :l ~ - 'J (In (~lIrl! I': 111111 II dOlli ..

1111111('1'11 1,1' IIlFt~I'lIcll'IlI(l t:KI,p I'll \ iuu lili ~:i JI1- 1,1'lllIg1i I)

d. Julil, ill ~nl'~il"o I'fdll~i .. fOIlI'ln m'UUllf1i! dinln\ f,;il'ul lui Fibolllll:ci ~i f-;I C\iIlIICHI flu lilli', rlur ell It it Jll/ti surpI'i II zil!'o 111'1',

Calculam rupnrt.u] dinlm j'iUHlIf.' t.(~J'Hlf\J1 II ~il1diJi lui FihoIlncnj ~i Lf~' nunul IJI·(~eu.lPflf, ~j scricrn ci .uril« ullcJe sub all el« )lc Gouii enJoHJl(\, IIHI Iol :

1

1/1 = 1,OOO()(]O :t,2 :- 1 ,rl( C(CO Nih . 'J,L(U]pnn

~'I n ~J =.: J ,fi"l[):)H;. ...

(I rrj'tt, ·r ',"1';'''

• ,1,1., 0 .,1, /1) 1/ .. ,

11 1 ;'''/~D ~- t,()'I7U77.,.

!

2 2/1 = 2,O( ;(;CO

/, r or, 1 (-j- .('('(.,

I ,,/,1 :::::~ ,)\']1») .. ,

t:1:I/H ::--, '1,"1. )(H)O

H :I/I(J.I = 'I,G:I ]0/,7 .

:I 0 t-:! 1/[ ,f, :=:1 ,tI:1 q t\ I .

:12 2:I:lf'l~~ :-.c-, 1,('" ·~ort) .

· ) • I

'/

:I,O.l~o;t3 ... '

COIIHI'Htillll.~il, [n I'i. CUI(1 dill c( In dOllii eolO/l II', (:JI,lIl'ilo tilld 1'1"'1' nuuuirul s ·, ill I't,llIl"I rntd 01': eillJl'iln liu e~"oIlIIH (Iill Kling-II lind FIliI! lIllIlIi~11I1 s t~I'('l-'dnd, nl'dlilliin .Iill UOIOllrlll dill 111111)1111 l.iud fl'l'n 1IIIIIlill'II1 s d 'flll'l rt:llld. Ht'I',1111 ii, 'frlf:;i II d,,1 ii, I:;' 111'111"11 I' IIfllC-I'I'IIII' ~i IlIflll'll 1'01'- 11111101' 1111 IIi III, II. .ril dllllit ·flll.'I." dUlli, 'IF'l'I'nl ~', uln IU~II. IlIilH.li 111111'1' IIdt "ill' Cllt will linin, /lIn IU'I'it-ill,li nnllllilii ,,"i\'fll'~IIII', ell 11111' 1~II\'ililn nI"l 111I11H'1I (:III1Uil'\ 1'I'tlllillii, r ~ I'il g 1'1 ' t,l, i II l. II III 1 • ~: I 1111 II I cil' Ill! I tIt, II Ht lilt' 111'11 t: u t III hll~;i~i,

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Nlol 4) nlt.H !'(II)I'in HUll Hpl'gllla\,ill Il1Id.l'lIllIl.inll 1111 .. ,,1.1I nl.il, do eiudHLtl ~i l,oLotllllJI ul.ll. cI,~ i'uHni II II IIUi (~II' I~,'II! doU;t formo du mnnilosture .-- uun Ul'il,lIlnLieii. (~il'lIl lui FihoI1IUJd) ~i ella g()ollltlLI,j,~", (Km:plllloll dn nur) _._. Hln iuuiIWII~,ni, 1 plH'mallnn~,,\i t}i' lIuivnl'Kldil.rltii I('.gilol' 1'1'(11"11'~,iilol' ~i' mui n!tn-l on IiIlI'PI'iIl1.i'iLolll'pln I,,'I/l~ ii rl inl.r« t,llI.

5. R1Tt1UL ~I EURITMIA

tn plu'agl'nrl~11l PI'(~ClH hlll.n HUl tlXl\1I1 i 1I1lt. Ipg-i In 1"'01'01't,iilor HLuLiu,J, adieu !lIn I'I'OIH)I'~,iiIOl' ohincLolw' ill ro puus, Chiar ~i descoperireu lui I\JJplol' He J'del'~i LuL 11\ uhieel.e in repaus, cu toate cii planetcle so miscii in pennanen~a P} orhit.ele lor : Intr-ude VUl', legeu a~l.ronomidl descop rrita de Kepler nu se refpra la planete, care slnt. corpuri In miseure, ci J~l o:'hit"d!~ 101', CHI'O slllL el(~IIH~1I1 0 geornetrice fixe in sistornul solar.

AunHt,n Il\J.{i nil' jll'ol)l)l'liilol' KI.Hlit~1I sillt, t~dt~ u:ll'n illt·PI'IIHUU:t.:l lit jJJ'l:ncilul,1, ill ollllt,l!xt.ul 1l1I:-ll.l'lI, I'PIIII'Ii ",a In hltH'IlI'nll €In rn\·ii uruulruu t~,l st.u.li.uu I'lIllPJ'(\1\ III pl'npOl'~,in U uporolur tin ul'hil.t1uLul'il ~i tin IIi'! a plulIl it~j" HOoHl,tI 1'1'01'0 J'iillll, IlI'ill lIuLIII'H 1111', HI-al iI',,: .-141 l'lld, pl'ivil.o ~i p,H'l.~IIIHILIl 1'0. spatill t::l ohitH:l.t\ imuhil». 1':~iKI.i' . im~il Hi Ul'l.o t:IU'd 1"0 dnHfl\HII:lI'ii !4i KiliL 1'('(:nl.II.IlI.\1 in liml' :

J I'

muzica, IHlJzia, elJl\lgl'afia. J II ~H:nKt.n HI'II~ Ii i uum ;t~n

intorvino un Incl.or ill plus raFi 110 HI'Ltdo ~l.nl i(.:~~: ritnuil ,

111 IlI'l,uJo diuruuio«, rjl.mul ('Kl.n II oglilld.il'I' --- {~i'nllt.ilill MnHl'ii mioi'i do t\~lI,I\11lIlLol'lIl t'l,..,-r~t,i,-a l'iLl1l11l'iltll' ~i rit.mi(lil,lll,ii IlXiHt.ouLu ill tllli\'OI'H Hi dOI:i Hi III iW-II,illnl.lIl 111111111,

\ ., I

HnpoLHI'OIl l'il,lllitl/i II nJltll,ill'lIlII'iIHI', IlIi~nill'iln I'lIgullll.o

nln oorpurilur' efll'o~t,i, l'I~PI'otl'W\\I'(\H ~i pnl'p:lt.UIII'tlIl I-Ipoc"iilol' ~1l~'d'llln ~i uuirnul«, biiLiiiln inimli ~\i· \,I'Hpil'll~,iH Ill,{~.- tOIlt.O r(\1I01Iln~lId!, dill Hoi ill~illn ~i dill jUI'II1 lIo~-ILI'lI,·clll IHI Pllllllllt,Qdill lHI~lIlO!-I, Hp I'l'odlio po\..'"iviL

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111101' l;il,JIIIII,j KI'I'(\il'il~n, illl.flg-I'ul (I 11111'-0 I'il . lil~il.lIlll 4\IIH-

)r lIIiflii Hllit'.II, 11111'-1111 Hi .. llt III uuit.nr. UHI'(\ ndJI'ii\ilWllzli

j.'." t.ul.ul, JII LOIIl(! IIi, pllll'ilt" dt! III (dn:I.I'OIl Hi Jll'olott pilla . ;'f~ '. ,J II g 111(1); i" ~ i lilt i v c ' l' H , 1111' II 1:( ." I. fo; i H I C III 'II I' i I III i ci I i1 t, i i ~I~j Ulliv(ll'Hltitl ~ Hlo HI it do hin« 1'1'(l1'0I'\iollllt, i I 1:1.IIUIlIIIl'll··.·.1.4110 11111(1 (1IC'mlllll" ClllllpillH Illt'l ·illoil. Iunc OIIt'UI'.£i J'ill'i'l

.' g'l'c \ ~, cI i II I" I til' 111111 H ~ i I'i I. II 1/1 d lr ~ i I III v 4 /I til' j 141 I' ,

'01' p;'II'C'I1 dl ~'illllllllill I'lIllip I"XiKl1i d('.4'.'11.11 UOI't,llI\i., ell 1,111111111. 1\,1111 Jill C, (~"y(~11 1·/1 til liuil. u·f.;II'.,1 riuuu! (,S/('

. p(',.i(l(li(~il(/I,·, I!' J'('( IlItll'. ~I! "pl'll( K.I tI 'lrl~;i til .. it III ~i 111 111:1 "I" I'I"Hl.II.U~, pH nlllli ~i p. Illlli IIlt~! ~. 111 Ill'hil .• cl tll',". AHtrt,I, do ext rIlJlltl,illl.t'l't~t,JOlIIlIl14 111.\11 • l'ul 1\1 1lI11li pI l'iH!.il t\Ht .. 1.1 I'il JlIIIJ'(! H ('!cUIH'1I1 ('101' ul'1liltl urnlo C~OJII-

. POll( nl.e, l:dicii II coJ(JllIIPlclI'. Tot UKII 11111' ) 1'111/,(1;; ('II

d fV J , , n.,

U. ~~uf'm'(~v nlH.It', ~~J'uJwn!u golur,j}oJ', de )Ii III dh! l.rui,

ell cal.o d(IUH IJI.IJllIJ'J f'gill(~ jllll'rl dfl, IU'<'ClJlII i Ol'dOIlltiNt a.cesl.oJ' I{I Up~1'1 dn cll.c I n-i goJul'i, asu JJlni :-3ii aibll ult Lip .In pIIlIlU'! jill If! ph> d/ll' I cd. C gIllf!, rOJl}l,I,i lIin 1111 .. il.11I uJluJog ell .11'10Jr I c III .dlll III lI,zicii , f)LU cu Jlit~ IUf'{,lo l,.i"ill.dH' (dud d.t~ 01(:,) d in JIOt'Z!t', j)p neOOIl ~H nl'ilillul ('II I'll mill i,lI 11,"\1' _.- IHlil'~~\ 4~('1 dilllllllill, uzuul ill IIlUi'.inll, 111 1'41('7.111, ,Ill Ctll'Pgl'j·lIP,-·_ t KI (\ numil. md (I "ill ill~l'.-

lt1H.liI .1~"nIH'1ll III. euvtul ului, ~i t:i"l ril mu III HJlh~ill

- 11t1,lnn t'ld ~I.Ulltl" uzuul 'III 1I1'IIilrnt 1I1'i,\ i 111 11111.1(\

P 1111'-1 I u ll! ,.... I' K l (l 11111111 t . It HI r ( .J 111 KOII H fig 111'111 ./ \I' i I 11111 tilt

t\KI~I" p~'IiI:I'. 1It!,'dil'll! 1'1, dill' IIUIIIIII ill pHIl" tit Olll't C~I' l}hl~II'v~t 1·1l1.1I~1 pi/lKIII\, 1.lIl1l:tll'illlii',nl, tf.:,lo I(n:rplll, ill l~It,JJI~1l HIlHII~II. 1111 nuruni ln ~JlII~ill, ci ~i ill imp. lilt 1'_ I It\~hl:. ell ujul C.'IIII 111101' t~I'{Illnllloll'p rl( el.n lIit~I', 11111'11- ~ol~"Hh\dn" C:llp~lhdo 1';', ·illl'~giH\.I't~ZP H,i illl.l'l:V 10 dll I.jlll!,

IIIrIlIlC. ,X-Il 1.41111'11./11 III t'n odllUl ourului 111 pt I'et I'll'

(HIlIUUIlIlI,nlll. I. Oil I n (·11 IIWIII (lIn ol'llllilul Cl 1'1'1 III' .«

I ' I ' " I J pn 1111

Hpll\I~1 111111' I! (1:111111' dllt';1 IIt'.t\HI. KPlltiu III dqljIKI'KI.('

!lJlglli II I JlIlIXUII do \'c'dt'I'(l sirnult Hlltl), t~i 111(:(:1 Hi\: 'III 1II,I:t~I'~IIICld(\ I Jlllp,nC'-i "n'p\., tin oruiuul HI iruilt.r 'HUH 111111111101' dll "'u~lIl1dj'i, dill' I til. rit mi«, Cetlll I Otl II I'j 1'1 II Ii

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c~" tll~'ldIlA pr'opl'ill l'olo!'lircH) tHI'lIll\lIl1ll1i do rit.ru (111 nrhitoOt.UI·iI. R,i ill HI'I,.dn plll1;l,tpo), cHHIKitlnl'Ill, plll;i nctun IHl figuraL. (Do ulLfel, illLI'o :iUltJi'Jidl ~i lllul.C'.lUlIl.iei (\xillti-i oor'oln\,ii llulHnl'ion tHHWl'I,I,n.)

Hitruul jonutl uu 1'01 d.n Bdullli-i In pUIWl'tlli 'ill PI'OPOI'\.i,', Iiirul pm'c~l1pu\, ell I\Hl.tlqi~: plnl:1I 111 lillie! illtll.illd,iv ouhiului, dtHlul'cHln Vill~'fl, rill 1I1111Hli H uruului, ui ill J.!:t\IlI\~ rnl (a 1,111,111'01' Hp.,oiilol' ',Iii illdivizilol' I'Ilg II II I'i 101' vi'glltlll ~i uuimnl) Ho dtlKrll~iolll':'l 'I'it.mie.

III urUI'U dll l'iLIHIII (Jh~linIlL 111 lII·hil.(lI~LIII·il I:i til 1II'!.olt~ plaHLieo )H'ill ,iuxLllplilltll'lIll cJI·dolllll.ii ril.inio It II II til' elemouto ideut.icc, Hall no I pu ~i Il Hi mi la I'll Hall HIiUlolig-O, so ruui ponte vorbi do rit.ur ~i lit logttl!uI'ii (\11 /,0 I' nuil« recuretue (v.: 11.13.1), ud.ioa in JegaLurii ell Iormeln cam ramin usemoneu eu de Insole ill cuzul re pnLi"iJ'ii lor priu hnmrnarc, suu pri Il JIll) Iti pi iourn, snu JH'i n H I ilL u I'U rn. Prinoipiul universal at ~e(}uren~ci f urJncl{~r, . cn puhile asadar sil creeze un ritrn; a fO:1L u hurd ul, ~l do PillLoJl, in Parmenule ("Tf)ndjnt.:a apre Unul priu oiiut.lll·oa Aooluinsl in Aoelasi''] Ai In Timeu ("Cl1uLal'on Acoluiusi til Cllliil~dLH), J II li·l1lhll:ill~i IltlHt,I'U, 1I1'11I·i~llInl., lui Plnt.ull fin t.rruluc priu nl'il'ma\,iH (iIi riuuul piUHl.i,\ "I uuui OPI\I'(\ I'UI'.ultJii t1HUIHOlllHll'iLHllllu~ muzioul, tl ill l'tljltll.IlI·111l rtll'1I1ni pl'illoip~lln Ann du HIlKllrn\)lll ill l.onl,(I Huhll1lplll'\,il'iio ni, AILtl modulil.ate do It t}1~{}a I·jl,lll UHl,tI, [nl.r-u HlIl'itl tlu Iorruo unnlouge, LI'IH~m·el.~ HlIeeoHi Vll do In () ()I'Ill,1I ~.n nlta, clllpi1 0 nnumitil )'(~gllli1 rln l'ucurnnFi, I)" pildii: 111 sorin do poligoul1o J"l,~ulnt.o· cunvoxo, Lrucuruu cltl In 1.1·illllghi In pill.l'nt" dn li~ p!ild'IlI, In. pnnl.llgol1 o~o. J I~ neoHl, onz, Lurrueuul film (IRt.n l'olol'1I1, [ul.r-ruluviir 111111

1 IlU II. In' rigUI'lll,.;:

til Hn 1'H.i I, I IIWtllllttJ'I~1t n I in 1'J{1I11 ini, ( v .: II. C.I) :.- lid ini~ JHlIIOI'OIl 1111,r'lIgi i Of)J npoi',H i i 111 HII b tll't! i 1111 n u m I I trlll,un 1'(w.lIll.u 1.1) d i It 1'0 pn Itn 1'111\1.'1 l1n i 1111 i I.il ~,i d n IH IIH 1I1:ii Ullion clxl.l·iIl.Kmln, 1I1l01·J.(llllinn ---'m'tHHli'.il till IIHtllllOIlHH 1'I1'1I~, rlnr In m()(l urtilieiul, cllloUl'('O~' 1I,,('OI'H 1111 roloHllt~t.tl uu IHl\tl\1U

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uuululnr I1nil~, oi II 1lIlIll.iLI~tlilln dn HiH\.Olllll IIHIIIIIIIIIIII'O' d'~I· .. IWI)I't1I1I'1l 1111,1'11 tdo 1111.1'-0 nrrunniu uuivu 'Hnl" llnioil: i.' IVT(.Il.lullll'Oll l'iH 1,111 It I, 1.01. lI!;i , 1I Jlwl.od It au x iii I I,ti d 11 II uU'U .\It.dl!:HI.~' IU'uoLwil 1~1 .(:I'OIlI·IH1 uuui ril.m eO! '1Hlzi\.iollnl.

.v: DIlOIl I:ILIIJI~I (~Il~1 1·11.1Il~II'iln) uuui Oplll'£' dll I l'I.ll [sl.nl.ico AuU dllllll~II':j,l) 111~pl'IIHlnllll/li'.ii 1'111(\111., Hplllllll1 di H·.1t orou I, ('111',1 nur, , V II, 1'\1 \' ill P"I\II i I',n" zit (II ~): /Ij' II 1'/11 hili i u rs! ucnust« ,\'/'(!CU'."" (~(}111111(}l/.IlS(IIW in ('Olllllosilil nibu« membruruni ((s/}('t~/II"". 1//1.(11: ("r':t~/tllr, t~lI/11. /II.(~I bris 0P('''':s conneuensi« sun; auinuiin;« tul huiuulinen: /alillHlill';.\' ad "Jllgi~fl.diIW!JI." f'l ~f(l s ·IIIIIIIMII/I. omnia 1't!,\'p rulent 8/1.(1. s · SYlltllI.('I':lflt!. (l!AlIl'll.lIllH I~Hl.ll "illl'jil·i~ll1'OIl pli'imll, l ~i llHl'nel.ll1 PI'OIH~!'tl:!"" 1,'111. gl'll PIII'I~il.., l\~n.I,lInll!.III01" I';, RO 011 P IIH U~UIlLI, ctnd clnfl.Hl~.II·.(;ln cl.,~dll·II, Rn nr,lii [n]. -un ruport IlII1H!IlIOB .1111.1'e HUt! i,1I no ~l, J i i t.JlIHJ ~l 111 (,1', liq, iJJW ~i lung-linn, ~l in .g~~IH~I'ul 1lf.~IJIf~1 oilld 1.0111.0 JH11't If! ni (~(lI'jjHpun d pro por' t.J8 I l'uR pne L ivn.) Snn ti II va J tl j i tru vi tI RP, r dOI'lt lu 0IH~I'eln do Ilrhil.n(:I.IU'ii, dar' 4lHl.n vuinhilit ~i

- IHHILl'u opul'dc do UI'l't plllHliei1.

o·

60 SIMETRIA

'J',lI'Il\OIlIlI siiuetric HI'O Il:t.i uu intolOH ell l.ul.u dirtll'iL dn c~{11 dill l.runul.,

In AIILinhitul.o, 111 EVlll Mudiu Hi 1I1l00l'i 4 hiar Hi tu el~t.)ea llOIlH~.(.ol'ii! prin simctrlc Hn I In\!ologon ,oLnlit'nLon Il\IJlouc~I,~lul' lolo~lt.o pnul.ru H crnu () pl'Opor \,io (snu (» 1'1'01 )(U'\,lOlIlll'll) P 1110 II til It 11111 ~ i (I "m'n dn HI' h i I H~t.lll'il Kn \l cI~1 HI'!,ii plll!-lI,i(~ii, priul.r-n .iw~l,il nlogor'O H I' '1HH'I,ul'iltu' d!"I.I'o fllolHlIlILol1I HIltI pill'\-illl unnlui ttpm'o 1 11.1'0 oJo Hi 11a1~t.I·1I /l00111 1l11U!ltIlIl.lI snu pi'il'\,i I~i 0l"ll'll 11I1.I'IHI~il. 1'~l.illl(;~ IUj{,11l OIIVIIlI:,dul IIKLo uuv IlJ:rpov, OHI'O HI! l'I'IH'llt:o ill JHl.llln~1.11 IU'III ff}mm(~"'SlfS, Hdij~ii IlIi'iHIII'III'tlll 1\11 II Ilil.;i\,i CU~III11II~', hlli',IIt.n pll IIIl HIHI.1l1ll lHodlilur' [conu IOdllltt.//o), V11.1'1l\'1t1 HpUIl4~ (1,:2) t~i'i s!lm.ml"ria. rsl (';1:' ,:/' 'ius operis

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IIu·m/;ri .... ':: conucnicn .... ' (UII s '{'II.\II.\· rt purtibusou« ,\'1'/)(//'01' s utl Unh1(,I·.WI,(J /i~lIl'lw SI}(!f:il'lll. rutue IHI,./is J'I'S/WI/SUS (l-liIIHIN triu tHin (}WUWI'tiulI\n l:OJ',.q'q)\III:I,id,OHI'CI I'upo.'l urilor 01'0- rni illLI', gj, H Jlill,~.jlol· ei Iul.ro d(~ K,i cu figllI'Hilll.l't'llgil), si Ill'tt:izt\UZll (Ill, 1.): I~'(I, [sywllli'lria._I (11111 in paritur a j)/'opol't i(J,IW, 'l'Ult~ t:l'fI(!(,C (~VetA-o), I,u tlil'i IIII'. 1 'ro por! io " s i rtua« 11111'1 i s ' lilt IIII11'ol'1i1Jl. 11"011,,,/ o prru. 1()ltJt/lIl~ conuuotluluiin, i ,1;1: 'IUiI. I'UII'O l,/i'in:11I1' S!llIIlIIt"rilll'1I1n (AmIIlH\.u I,Hiuw\,l'iu,1 ~'U HH~le, 11114;1, dill p,'opClI'\il', 1:lII'P I'll J.?'l t~I'~lp ~u IllIUH~~l.(1 analo~h.ia. Pro p4l1'\ ill II PIII'(1 II IllIUIl (\111.1 nuululur, hI unci Opt~I'" il.1.11 gi K.i {'Jlt I'll 'Ill 11111'fgul ('l MII1L JllltbUJ'ldl~ ell UJI ('klllt III, HI ope It i [uuului] 1:11 uniIul e ccmunil, dill eHI'(~ 1'( zulu, !"iEI. JIIl1i sinu t riilur}. A ~lHJUI'" simeiric, i1l liml: aj ul c( 101' vr chi, ('I'U HillOllil J\ eli bine -propcriic nat, iui a crt a simetrie eru tut una ell ceea ce numim r.oi azi a pIA ne in proporiie.

In zilele noastre, prin simaria }l(~ iJl~rdt gn' ell tol.ul altceva,' ~j anume ident.il.atr a gf(lJIHtriei', dill' J'rl~IUl'natil, U unui element SHU U uuui unsnmhlu t.ll~ ph~~ mente, in ruport ell Ull plan, snu ClI 0 rlrr t'l,lil, ~HU (~U \111 )lullel, 1:\iJlliltl, "IHI'IC11,i\', plllll .III ~',ll\llllit,IIX/l dl' HilUllt.I'in, (\1'111111 tin KiU11111'ip.

Sillltll.l'in, 111 HIIllHlIl nuluul III IC'IIIIII,lIll1i, (':-,iHlil PI' HlWl'Il JUl'gtl In JlIlI,UI't, ,:illl dil'(~I'it.ll 1'111'111(': 1~1I ~'illll'll'ip hHut,IlI'uJi" (umul ~i I\lIljol'jl,ull'lI HI'I "iilnl' IIl1illl,dt 1111' supr rionre}, LI'iJnln'uli, ((IX.: I.I'iroilll), 1,( t rnlnl: 1'1111\ pnll" tulatl\J'ulii, hnxulu I (I'll Iii, oel.ollll.t:I'IIJI'i, d"t~u 1111 ( ndil, dfltl('~ enlalpl'u,li'i do, (ut:PKI,(l dill ul'lilti Iormo I'iind lul lluil« In' nunu.ruus« Hprcij do nuimul« ii.Ir.riuru« f;\i dl1 plllll! u). PnJll.l'lI. om, CHI'U nHl,B 0 fiinti'i cu siru« I'in hil:dc,·ulil. nCt!IIHl.;"'t IOI'JllIl p,·illlt'lIl.il, eilui IIIl li "HlI,idHt~t\ III IIllId iIltH,illl:l,jy Him\1l1 (Iht.lll,it:.~i ti tlH lol.(Hlulil II HI'IlZIl\i,' tilt

tlll Iii Ii hru, ,

Siuul.rin, 111 HI~IIHtd nul.unl HI \'CI'1t11'1I111I1i,intl(lO:-\t1hi t~l'a h.illll""H,lii, ponLo OOIlI,I'ihlli ~i ClIl, 111 nuumil.o t~lIz\ll'i ~l HiLuu\iil. In pUJItH'llll JII, JlI'Opol'\iO.

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C. Aspecte subsidiare

1. MODULAREA

Prill lII.()(llllil"'~ lio lll.l,ol(lgt~ illl,l'lIdllePI'ull JII 0 IOJ'n til) urhilee,LuI'u HUll tll~ !H'Lll pJuHLjoii It uuui UJljLII~' dt} JIIUHW'u umco, earn, 1":lll rnpnLuJ'(!U SHU suhhnplt Vimll ni Hit s(~:vnll~ci:i ln rI'lIlBIlf)joIlUl'oa I.UI,III·OI' oJeHH nlolor ,:Jeilt.lU Louro u,~e .0 pnl'(~ i ~ (j~l ~i III dill W II ~j(J Hlll'n I j It LI'(\g'ul It i. ~sU~d, inca dl~l Alltl.~flll.11I'Il, tUwll! 1I11tl.ot'iulo, pr·jll dimouSHlI.HIo 101' ol~ltguL(JI'II, 1'(!zuII.IlLo dill Lnllllolo 'in do fnIH.j(lllt'1I1 I'I''''I'IIOI,I\'I)',U\I d'\lK III nunlulur«. Tot, III \1It.iuhil.nt.o Ulltdo I'nI'OIU'O ~I.-l~ II !lInH ,'ll'lI pI. hHl.i\ cI i IHtli IIi 11 !It'll IIlIlI i td"IIIUlII~' . O~lIl1(1Ui'.Il-lOllld ~I nu 1'l1pol'I,III, I.UI I.., 0011111111.0 dlllllllHIIII:1I III 4w('HHI.ii dilllOIH-tiulln (Ltl J,. 1,1-', HUlIlll,lt lIlod~~/, I l'o~~IIIJtHrl II rot'll, dllA In IH,,·rl'd·illll\ dn onLI'(\ green von!", H Ins]. 11I'tdlllll. do elil,I'O 1'011 /lill a Iost, l'olHHi ill ~:lgj~HI'O do eid,I'o lu'IIit.oot,ii ~i H1't.j~L i pl'W:lLid ui ~hHlI~~I:~~I'I~~ ~I tlupi, IWPPH .'.' di!\pill'Ill.. tn opo ,It IlHulol'lIti, ~.lt.l. ~I s 1.,1 Illlr zal'e," eO,IIH l.rue]. ".1 '" ~ ~ d I ~ s J H I'~ ~ u III ri l,i it 1110d u-

,~I JI,' III ~t!dt:'(~n .K.I,.nll~lnr'dIZIlI'lI dIJllPIl81l1llii l[' IIlHI.lH'ill~ kim (~n. L,om;I,1 IILt,1I !~I Hill plllllllllltolOl' eOIl IHlzil,iOlllllo

nlo eladll'a1IU'. \

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\ 1,,1.1'11 V 111,,111 dl'opi. IIltl~IIIII'H/"lltlel,illllii 001011111 i onliuului, IllIlKllI'al1l III 0 X 1,1','11111.111,(111 inl'ol'iuHI'1i H flllHII'li, ill IUd ill I.

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ux jll'ill)h ill' IHlil i-I \ i d«< 1111111111';" III'.III.lt' (t'.lIt I, 1'1I11t11l1'n,

dl1glll,tl "I,n,) t~i 1I11 tI(lp.i11d" do Htlll'tl till unit iil,i, r\"I~HllJllll (ItlLo " unil.ul.« t',I)IIl-illlll.i, ill Opt'l'il, I HI tl .1111 ii (\111111' tit! tdil.rn ope.I'11 ~i 1'1-\1" rln1 I (llul Kll'iiilli, lit! IIl1il.~·I\ilt.' tin JIIi"iIHidi. Noi !-Iplillt III dtlllllll.;ll'd dt, IlIodlil t~H\tl ,,'/1'111.'\(:1: 0l'el't.i. Mo(luiul 11;ll'i'rl!ill~, dpeil fl' I'Clld'lIl!liii, ,(Ill dinu-usiune, leu miirimnu unui l~h~lllnIlL Hall U unui orgHIl Hi unui cl'guIIism, ('Ktn nuruil, ~i mudul or;.;alli(: snu naiurai. 1 nt.ru{:it, n)(J(..hJluJ jilt f'iJ:f:U:, ol'gnllic HUll 1I11, H'!I'Ve~Lo pentru pun(;l'ea dirtct:ili:in PIOIJ()I'\ie a operci, Il.il'Ll l.riun-

. gulatie, 11 nurnirn ~i' rnodul proportional. .

Cu tbtul de alta natuJ'aicslc modulul impus dn n HliUIl11Ui dimcnsiunc a. unui material de oonsu ucl ic, cur« HO }lune 111 opr,.rii nHil.ul'nt., cum HI' fi do pildii rlnln f'.I'I'Hmieu. 1)4! nCnt!lIH.l uul uru 4~Btl) f,1i diJllnnl~illllt'n IlIlH\Idlll'ii 1~1I1~" V(~I\\i""11lii dill ql(lC~fl IlOII:4llil, 111 \'1 dl1'I'1t Hlnlltlnl'tlli'.111'ii tlillltlilKilillilcli' Illnll'l'iull,lol' dll t'.OW'.' 1'11('.\, in (njil'ii· mizi, IH'I fuhl'iC',Il\t' tltI··lwloll d t~.) ~i II dillH'IIHiulliil'ii (lit' 11\1' II t n 1111' II 1111111111 i ( z i II ill' ii, g I' i II v. i , I I'll v I' i nil \, ) j; -uu t~I't,nl. ~i chiur H-1l11 Iq.;il·11'1I1. dil'l~l'iti Illlldllli ~~'11'\,t'~I~

~ioilldi; m.Ud 111 UII~ I~:'. ~iil'i H-'II Iq',irl 1111. 1'.11 uhll1(111 01'111 mudulul cln 10 C~UI, (PI /lvil\d 1Il'illi.lnln '('.11 ",i~lllllul III d, I' i e (H I JH nellil i ~ 'J::: III ), III 11111' I., IllOtililul d p '1'2 I ~ I 1\ III CIIlI'1l WI'li /I fi 4:11 1.411 til! ~t I'ii ill dn HiHI., 111111 1IIt'.II'il'. (H 1110- cI.llli 'r~' 1 Ill), 1l1Hiiclllit~ ,~ 1IIIIi 1111111' IIdllpllll"l1 III rllbl'il',III'IHl H1./llldlll'di~,III,ji II IIl11td'illi"lol' (lox,: 'I I~jll'illllidil' I/~)<

X :1 X :l nunluli}; vie, IlII 1I1',llllC'llI'li !1 1111 I!lui t~l'Iqll, 1111141111 i p4\11ll" II t I'll \I\i . I,Ii 1'1' 111111 vrr l il~lIlC\ 0,.'!·11 III, :\ (JO III f'I.~.). 111 lIlId" \iil'i H 1I1I illll'otlllH prill 1I"~ll'l'l'l\l'lI (j,jnl.'doi suu mni JlIu\\i nuululi p"l'llldi, l'ilt'.lIn~ dill t~i

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din o plwi-l , ILU n~pI'tJZiILLi-l ul'l'iul'i~ (lime l~iulloa uuui cd,tllUnllt. nlill II III,1I1i 11I'~1I11 nl upnroi, oi ill V 1'1' I: Hilll, iIHPUf,1i dill "flll'lt 0pnl'PI, in uuu] nOllvnllt,iollul. N '1 SplilltHll ell

. un I,H~IIII1C\III1U uuulul IlHl.n r.ctriu .... ('(~, HUll 1'1 :~p'H:I,iv uuor,,:tI./I-II', 111111 mrtri«, 1\1111 ,'olw/'II-{ion.a/,

ExiKI.il ~i (I Hit.lll1tin illl.PI'llIntiilll'll (\HI'O di'i III1Hl.ch'o uuui 1111111111 hihrid: 0111',111 'ill 0/11'11 1111 1II'III.I'l'ill\ HI II II'" 011111111111, cHI di"ww~illlli KI.llIllll1l'tlizalp, tI(,l~i C\IIIIHt.it.II·lId 1111 nuulul IIU1I,I'io, . PHt.fl illl,I'mluH 'III Opt~I'i"" uud« I ('7)/~1I" uunlul PI'OPOI'\-IOIUtl, I III II HI\ II 1("'1 It'll ruudul pOl I.n I'i II II mi I, nunlul tcluiic.

Mod.ullll'f!lI, Cl'~~nlll',il ril.m, lI~a ll1dl.,ill 1IIIII1I1il.o HitUIl\',ii, poul.t! dohllHII tHlI'w\I,I!J' cll! II~gn, llHJnoRf~hi IIWll mnrlulul esl.e orgauic .

~:'iIHHI~',O ,YOP0I', cult.urii, I'.ollti gnogl'lll'ic:il, I tdigin, ~t:ollli, hlo~tI'WII td.~~. ',' (1iilll,llt, tin-II IlInglll l.ilUplll ilur --- 11I1\0uHol)1 111 AIII.Ii~hll,"l.t\ ~illl It:vlJl Modill .... , HI 111001'1'01'01',11 111 ol~n~'ldo Ol'fllI,I.1I do t:iil.l'Cl IIl'hil.llo\,i ~i dll lc:liI.I'tI Ill'l.i~\.ii p.IIH~I.ItH Hnllfllll'I' IHII'I'HP"IIZiil,1I111'1I vtltlnl'ilt I', I.I'udi\,iilul' H.! dog,mnl.III' lUI', IlIlid 1IIIIIIIII'ldol'. ~i .1'00IUnllll' vulur] KIIIl,holwo. II~ PI)(1(11l IIlllt.lt:I'lIli ~i III nOll el III,PIIlI)(U'llllil, Ill'h,ll.tHII.III'1I ~I Ill'l.do 1'11l~1.1II(\ K -uu 1,lihlll'ItL dill 00111. I~n nun mull, dll WlnKLo t:;il,ll~l\, f{il'il ill~;i It KIl d lzhtil'll (10 010 ettmpll!l,. !li(~i ill i'.ilnlo 1I01l~t.1'O. l'out.ru H 111\. !Itlgtl mnl.ivul suu .111111.1,\'11111 1'11111.1'" ".III'tl, 1111.1'-11 nuuuii il ZUlli' KIIOg'1'uflllll ,',II, iul.r I) 1~lIl1l1l1l.li 1'!'lloii iHI.OI'ioiil It-II 111'111'111'111. " ,1l1l~lllIll.H In II.Udl1 ell! jill II 11',1 III I'I'oporl, II 1,li IHI dill. pnoril.nl.o 1111111' nuuruil.n 1111111111'0 HUll rnl'III' 1I:~t.1I ul.il Hi

Iltl~H~K/lI' ~~ii UIIIIIlII~LOIII, 'III liuii ruuri, Hilltlloli:;1I\1I1 ul.l'ihull, po vrotnuri IlIlIlL\I'nIOl' ~i Iurtnclor.

2. SIMBOLISMUL

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JlIIIHfH'nVioi. : , '

Mui I.II'l,ill Oilll141l1ii 1111 ollll('I'VIII, 4:il 1111 clxiK(.il IIl1il,1l1 (I r"'l'i, oOll.l,l'lul io\:ii, r{II'ii 1I11t.lIgolliKIlUl hill_"I.I'il:n iIlIIiIlK(I(:tI. A ~Il H-u ,1I.iUIJ.~ Ill,KilllholiKIII~II. lIuHli'~I'\ll\li 2., tHU'." 1~41PI'Oi':(llll,H nr.Liuunun (11111,1'(1 HUH ~I .101'1, diul.r« hllHI ~I I'IlU, dill!.,,: tl'tlJlHmH,tiolll. Hi iJllHIItHII" dilll,l'lI I'Hi ~i illd (,tt", rlnr ~. (~chilil)l'ul clilll.'m IlCt!Hl.tl e.lollii dCUII(', II t.tl uul.ilel.ico, cnr«, reuuite;: eOJlHl.illiio 111.1.I'('gul. 111 el'(~~I.illiHm, I I1I111il I'll I L. simholizeuzii cell} douii nul uri ule lui I i~H1H Cl'isLos (cell divinii ~i C('U UUlUHiI), vita actir« ~i vi/a. (.'on((.'11IplUliv(l. din catolicism, Vcchiul ~i Noul Testument etc,

1 n sfir§it, intr-o etapa mai inaintaHi a gindirii_ s-a ajuns la simbolismul numiirului 3. La unnlo popoarn, numiiru 1 3 reprezinta triudu cur-piimlnt-iutl, lu HILnh~ cer-ru-rpamlnt.. sau cele :~ corrl.inent.e ulo lumii vr chi (Asia, l~HI'opn,j Af'riun), 1 ,,1,1'-111\ t riuuuh] ell 1111 vir] 111 jOR, (\pl~'. dOlill vII 1'\1 I' i HlIlltll'iwlI'U 1'('pl'pi',illt.il I."t'" ',Ii 1111111111, IIII' vlrl ul till ,ioH t\opillll, {Ip(~i 1,l'illllMhiul 11l11'c'g Killlholi-

ZtHlJ'.U III Jl III It pi-, II d 111,( lf~ ~(_\i-i t,li t \0111. i 1111 i 1.1\ 1.1' It K pn ~ I i 1111',

III Vt'I'R, 111 1,1' i lIlIg II ill I I~',I un v III' ' i 1\ H 11K, 111· ... 1 v i rI' 1'('1 )j't'-i'.int'l divinil.nl nil pl'iUlOl'l'i, (lI'igilllldi (ill enl~t,illiHI11:

JJtlJlIJUI1.lIl1), illl' (~(do dtlllii vh I'lll'i tin .in:'1 t:tdl1 tlouii iPOKI,uz" 1110 divinit i1~ii :.;tlh~t'(l\'('IJlt.t' ('ill C:I't'~I,illi:';lll: Fiul ~i Sflllt.ul Dull), dpei lint Ht. II'lllllglli I'ClPI·t'i',illl.li lunuu; l.ruu He[~ J It 10 II til.

til mil.ologin gl'(,(\O-I'OIlIZllli, t'XiHI.i1 :l PHI"t',P, :~ l~I'Il~·ii, :.1 .llId('(,~j",tll'i IIi Illrtll'lIllilii 0[.(.',. ,FiloHol'ili I'nlj~iollKii H puloo-gm'llIlIlIilol' I'll hll1.11 II" (\('11' ;~ r lIf.1' 11111 nvulu til,j : dtlvtllJim -- tlxiHl.oll\i"i _., pil~il'Cl. 'I'niruou nHLo JII'c\ZIlIlt.i'i ~i 111 l'cdiJ{iih, tlXLI'C111l'-OI'jtllll,lIl" (ox.: 'I'rimurl.l ;-" BI'1I1t1ll1l -1- Visnu -1- ~ivn). 111' Vt~nhilll 'i'nKI. 11 II IIH tI, 11lt.1l1liw :l oUHpt)~,i Hi lUI AVI'I.HlIll (lI\illli~.i ruui 1,1I'I.i1l SI'iIlI,H 'l"l'tlilllo

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At Vt'I~,II!ldlii '1','KI.IlIIlPIII.)t :1 1,III(II·j III nllpl,ol'lIl dnl'o() (d,n. 111 Noul 11\~t.HlIl?lIl. Hint. :1 Murii, :~ Crui do I; I tfiHll ril. «l.o • > !C,' . Nuuuu:ul /, Ki,llIiI(.,.lil'.t\lIy.r, enln II plIllnl.o t\: nlillHlp, 4~llltl

,II, h"HI,1' IIlc' (.I·wal, cnln " 1lllOLilllPIII'i ('\.1 III V(lolailll

11\",1.11111.'111, Hint. I, JlI'(II'I'(I(~i 11I1II'i~ illl' ill Nil Ii '1'(1,", I,1l II 111 II I, I, 1'\·llllgh"li~Li. fll lindHI nlilli'\, illi~.i"I(llp I I'Itlllll()I" nnlol' IIPlllld,'~. c~,II'dilllll(1 Ci,vlL! )\11. (1)(fl~, n.l;(to , JU!CTIHLI\pl,lt) f01'1I11'1I1.11 ouvlul.ul ;\ 1)1\]\1.

NlIllIiil'ld ;) K-H 1111(\\11'111. tI.l 111I1l1l1l'Om:\1 illt.I\I'pl'('Uil'i Illfd,ul"izil:tl ill l. .. uLp I,pligiill\ ~i rilo~llriil(!. :II'lqll'tl1.iIILii plllll.fU.{I'II~ltIIl .I~/"·n it ro~l. In ."1111'11 l:ill!4\'n III lilllg-.lI'init'IlI, Til .Vpeillul J I\HLIlIII·~IIt. nx IHUt r, C:j'll't,j ,,11 lui MoiKn, :> plnl,r'n ell WII'O I)lIvid 1-/1 IIniH pn (~olilll fJ 1'01'1110 IIi! gu V('I~rHIJ~tllI L (ptll"'iu!",li, .i Ud('e:1Hw'i, 1'('1 i, IH'OIH'04:i, prnO~:I), JUI' 111 NOIJ' I C'sI.IlItH·flL f) ff!c:iolll"r' 1tJlednpLo ~i !) ~ocronl'f! rJ0.bllJl(!, ;) plini, :) I'll IIi 1110 1\111111. lil'(;"lIll1i de:. I'r'lII 1111'I'~l",llll'lIrtcl4"'111I IU'iJlI:ipillllli l'i'ifllllll,l' 1(: (illllllll\llI,)

'~U (~d dl~JIl (1..1'lIlls~:nll.delIlL), .Htlieil prill f IIpnIfHJlIUI'nH cr.11I1 dO\l1l 11·11I11~ .. dlllll'l dCIHol'lHn III II I HIIH 1'lIl'llI'il.ol' III

~11I11Ii"II'"1 :t, ~HP IIh~!II(~ hp:-'II~~I'l\IIIII. l'.illd,1 CI'nlitilli 1111 '0~1, ill 1I11111UI' dt\ ('. 1111' pllllwl.cdCl 1:lIfl()HI: lin ill i\ III i. 01111.'111 II (~lcIITIII', "'''HIH. '1'1'1'1'11, f\11I1'l.t\, .f III' 1.\ I', Sld,III'II) slu]. lot ill 111111'1111' dn n,

Sro~I,ti(~1I1 lil.lIl'1~i(: lII'tl? 1.)I·I~k, 1)1' IlHClllWllnl 141111. 7 I'llgi .11,1 . I H l.n l N II~ II' II , 7 I 111.11111 III (I ~ 11111.11 i I. (II''' 111 i , 'l ~ I' i II to .1 n lIIP, 7 "jllllli (I t ~ II IIi 1.lllp I' II ~,

III 11I~llIill' dn '1:2 :-;illL 01",,10 zi!~\i, urulo I (lptii, luuiln ~,"~1I1~1.1, tl.m-lnll' h(ll·m.~~:op~dt~l, I'.tltlllh~, HI'OHl.uii, PI'tI(II"It~ii, Hl.dplI lui IIWO\', It'll lui SOIOIlIUII, pOI'\iln 1.'I'lIH/tlimllllll

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111,111(11'1:11111. ill tl'~IHdri (1.III'ol.lIl ,11I'tI :l2 III'l~ll'ln 1;1,lIjOI'C1); plo,dllHlI1 II d01i1l 1I1111H'I'1' eu IlIIlIcu'l.ullln :PIIHIII'i simhoh,:o. uuuiun :~' X '1:2 :-:--.~ :U), OHI'41 del IlHtllll'llllll 1 111.11 IIi I, 111 1.11:\ I (lIn 1'1',01 (1I'i(~(I, iur 111 1.1'litiit·iu tllth"ii}! itlil 1I1'IIIIIK,1l

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J II Hpu\,ill, 1111 oXPlHplu JI'II pllil I, (',HI,o HillllHlliHlIlld (\4dol' t\illoi JH)litldl'l' )'t'glllllll\ pottihil41, 1IIIIIIil.n I~I IW/",It/ttl plutonica (v.: J .D.G.h ~i fig. ~).

E.xplnpI4~lo dc, mui IH:W HII 111111, deloIt. 0 rOfll'ln Illitll'\ pnrln din iJltnl']u'nl.ihiJo HimLolinn nl« mnnurolor A,i Iurmelrn', Inl.llnit« ]11 cull.urn universulii. Eln 1111 I'UHI, uminl.ito uici Jill II HI i ])('111.1'11 It ilusl.rn 1l1~I'HI, mlppd. ul prohlornci 'pJ'opOl'liilol'. ;0 I.mC'tH'tl in reviHl.ii n t.ut.uror simholurilor ~i a cornenturiilor afernnl.o 01' Iuce ()hj(~el1Jl mai multor volume. La ulegerca metodci de PUlICI'C in proportie ~i Ia optiunea rderitoare la formele operclor de arhitcctura ~i do art~ plastica, aUt in tntrcgul lor, elL §i in Iiecare element' component ill purl.o, au Iost avute in vedere, aproape lntotdnnunu, Indcoschi Ja 0 perc- 10 011 nUl'unit'" l'C'ligioR, ,~i oouRidpl'{lnt.tdn simholico,

Un In IlnJ HI ~l.t~l'll 111 uu II el~~:, r U IHtI II lilt' 111.111'1' It 1-\ 11 U (~on' I H l't'l\ HilUholkii tI 1l1c~tll'ul. H{, !tI(~Il(lii, I~II 1'1'1't:vI'litil t~i iut.eusituto, dur 1111 H diKpiil'ul, ,(~tI l.ul.ul niui 111 PI'tIZOIlt.. BiHt\I'i~ t~jl41 (luHl.illUii Kil fin (H.I)lKI.l'llil tl P'I I'IHn lu (\I'Ut~", iur l'it~4:HI'el rliu dt'IlH~lll.nlt. Jill' nl'hil.pe~I,III',dn 11m In rludul lui uu StlllH KiJlll,olie:, Ji(~ hihlio, fill liLIII'~iCl.

I

A1.1Lu tim p e]l, OJ1Iul, J'io prin t~d U~Hl \-i(~, rin dul.ol'il,il

em It~el JI ~,ii I 01' J'djgiOIl HI I H 1\1 H(leiot;i l,i i tI in (~H ro r 1\(\0 pn I'l.n, utrihuio un SOlII:l simhulic uuor numero Hall uuor 1'{)I'111O, aimhulismu! I'ot-qll't\t.iv (H111 ('0111.1'\1 nl I('~n, URnllll\lWH Jugiitu' nul.urule. I Jnr c1~Jpii t~I' H(u\illl.lIl II" II Ildopl,nl. 0 "lUi ideolngit1, nU1U1 td~ICi", 111 1I01l II iellH ,login 1111 mui III'ivn~l.,~ vuchiul Hilull(lli:*1II C~1l J1t\ .. It'~n nut.urulii, t:i eu po 0 su JlClJ'Hl.i\ io - et:p~, t:o, 1" dut:III'Hlal iHI.Ol'ioi, II-a Impiorliou], ell um ori vcchiul KimlHllj~JII Hii fio 11lloeuiL

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(1111' ('h"Hlllllllln clllldlt, nh,' 1111111'1'11 111 l'I'II)I(ll't It, Nl' I't'zulvii prlu l'upol'llIrl !;ll

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1. TRIUNGI~IUL DREPTUNGHIC

A,rJJ,iLcClUf'U ~ vcurc ~l'!nllI'c~tc IIU !wlllOi ckel.uJ eBlel,ic, Cl ~J 0 pel'feotu srabilit.atu 11 oliidirilon - (slu In (:OHlPOZiP{', jJ1 prirnul dud, un jot: do Vf!;'lj(H 10 ~i orizontole: ])0 v uceou, PUJlPJ'OU iJlIH'OJHu't,jO II ~diJ'jeiilol' Ho l'OldJZPUZH ,111 gUIl(!l'ld priul.r-n gl'Uplll'O In uughiur! d 1'1.1 III P, dPIII, III tdl.iwli IIIIUlil'.o, tin t,riUIIJ{"1tll'j dl't,ljll,lIl1~ ghHHI (ou U l\Htld·il "1'1'1 inn I,. ,Hi UIIH oriz« 1I."IIi) ohim'

, t~l\(~jl. "u:t'IlHI.iI ~I'\I I'll 1'0 • d(~. l'l'jlillg~liud - lljllllit.ll' irian~ult~(u. -, 1I1~ ,Hn IHH~,4\I'llIh/'.(lnl"H ~l nn nl.n" JUI Hpum ooltulhu privil.urului 111 1II0d IIlnllir(~HI,.

OJ'ion l.riu !'~hi p(~nlll ri lin pii'l,t il. ill clOII'}' LI'itlllghilll'l dJ'C1JII:tllIglw:o. ~ '1'111 uliil,ul'III'tHI t.l'iulIghiu ,jim' cll'OP(,- 1Il1gJllt:tl HI; (~h\.lIl dl't'pl,llllgliitll,j, iur [niu iutlwHlmiiul dropl.unghiurilor R() pouto I.l'een In 'paruloli] ipedo, ndiuii

do In plnn lu velum. '

~h'ieo t.riunghi dl'npl,lIl1ghio HO inHm'in lnl.r- III u()lHiolH'~' JI!ot,tlIlHl,II ll'iulIglliului tll'nl'l.lIl1gliin Iiiiul 1m Irlllldut.il (ll; dirunetrul uurcului. SUJHn l'iil,I'ut.olol' color douli tm(.ol,t) (IHI,t! ~Iglll~~ cu l'i'it.l'nl,ul ipol t!lHlz~'i (t.tHU'tHHfl Iii Pil.llgOl'n). jlnpllIt,llI H, I)\IIUW(W In 1)I'OjlOl'~'1O 60 Iuco Uti uui lu plun

~m Jllijlonen gt\OHHlLl'ieo plnuo. '

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Oda'Lll eunosouto, mai mult HIlIl mui pU\,ill, pl'illcipalnlo legi ale' proporjiilor ~i avlnd in vcdoro co. domnuiilo lor de aplicare slnt mai ou seama arhiteotura ~i artelo plastice, se naste intrebarea: in ce masura ~i .in co IlWU au aplicat, aplicii ~i ar trohui sii aplice urhitnctii ~i arti~Lii plastici acoste Jcgi in oporolo lor i' PtHltl'U H rliapundo III tntrobnrc, adieii pontru a trooo In rcviRUi lHIIlCU'(H\ ill lu'oIH'I'\,io n opl\l'olol' tlo al'lliLl\el,IIl'ii ~i tin m'La ItlUHl,ioti dn-li hiligul iHl.III,jPI, 111 Jll'illc~ipllll\ll' ",111111 do (HI t,UI',. uln lumii, 111'0011111 ~i HI'I'O It p"I.I'1l 11'1I~n iuvii\,iimilll.tl poul.ru 1'1'111.4111(' ~i pnul.ru yiil,ol', ('foI\.1I IlC'OPHHI'ii ., pl'onlnbjlll invnnl.nriuro " IU'irwipnl41lot' (11111111'ul p nflntu III diRpozit,in 11l nonKt Reop.

lutl'lwlL U OPt)I'i'i do III'hitout,III'11 HUU tin Hl'Ui plmdic~ii OHI.O nloilt,uiLi\ nxelusiv din rOl'lllO, ohiur ll\.lIl1ni elud nutorul ei nro ill vedoru ~i eUIlHidnl'lHi l.o uri \, II wl.ieo [uumurico], 4)HI.() do In siu« 1n~,tllpR oli In lWCH1RI'I~\ pHl'l.o n troiu u )UOI'/'II'jj do fll\,,., Pl\l'OBl'glll1l pl'ill(~i,,!\hlll' nlllllltHll,o J:t~o"t(JI"ic(~t III pluu ~i In "pa\,iu, t~HI'U pl'OI',illl,i, iIllpoI'l.uU\,{\ III cuul.exf.ul JlOHLI'U, p.'etHJlH K,i dltnvll I'olul,jj diul.r« "IH. EloJlloul,nJn spu\,iulo nu IHIU'O illlpOI'LHII~'i'i lu nrhil.oc'I.\II'i', ill runi Inioil lUiiHUl'li 111 aoul pLuI'ii ~i clilioo tn piutUI'U; .,J()IlIoIlLolo plnuu Uti illl})t)l'LHIlFi nt.il, In nrhitoutu l'ii , oiL ~i 1n lu'Loln plllt1Lico.

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JlUI'~,io ill plnn. ~

.u, 'l'riunghiul dl'''lttullr;hit~ iSOSt~t,1

'I'riuughiu! th't1pl,lIl1ghi(, iHo,H'~1l1 HI'tl !.Ii IIl1ghill,rilt1 H!\IHI~.il.t1 t~glllH 111LI'II 41111: <Yo ['"r, r'~ ,. - IIU:' Illlpul',LlIl, dl~11.1'I\ ol,lI,n\,11

, tlKl.n 'I.: 'I, inr I'HflOI'I.1I1 dill!,"" IJlolotllIlI'l,1I I,ll 01'11\111'0 111111'1'11

enl.(!t.o nHLo il'll\,iollul f.ll, I~I'O V,Il10HI'OH :1 : ~'.2 ; ~ I: 'I /11 :I~.,. AI' pii",Hl d, lHHIHI, 1,1'J!JlIg11I cll't'pl.lIl1glalt~ 1111 l~m .. "It~1 n uJ'illiLnl(, cu Ho()~,illl1na(lo nur, dt~OIIl'Pt:tl 1111 I'XIHLII I:Olll-

putihilituto Iutro ~ii ~i s, !;)i l:uL~I~i - Jllei~ tln~I:lljllll (fig. 13) un Lriunghi dl'el_lLuJlg]~w Jsos(~el A ': lJ ~l eOllst.ruim piitratele cclortr~l la~UI'l a,le 1~1, apOl c!~rc~d cu centrul in 0, prccupl ~l triunghiul isoscel 1t llG, cu

lal.urrle paralele ell cole ale triunghiului ini] iul A C lJ,segmentelo DB ~i Be; so ana inLI'C ele 111 ruportul

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'I'riuuuhiul dl'clpt.lIl1ghio 011 lIul.nt.Cllu 111 I' 'l'ol'l,ul :1: ~.~' (lHtn JHIIIlil, ~i triuughiu! pirom.;t/.c/, JU111!' 'U eu lleupm'" Hnmi-sm~~,illlum Jlwl'idiullil It pirnmidoi Ju J«lOpH. 1 Hu iuni Aplllln f,li il'illllJ:hiut lui ./\('I}lrl'. S. oOllRI.I'uiu1Jl,o

. IlAUd (rig. 1/1): 111 dl'41plllll~hiul snc» 01 Inl.lII,jln1 ~i s 1-\41 I'II),nl,tI 1'\I1I11I,ul It, uu njuturul HOlllpmHI IIi, 111 punnl.u] /1,' do l'" 1"I.III'1t i'L). So ul,t·illtl 1,l'iulIgitill dnlpl.tllllf.llio JI,/JU,' 111 0111'0 ellt.pl.plp KIIII. 111 PI'()gI'N~ 0 g(\C·iJlHll.l'i(~ll

(I'nt-in fiilld ~-;: 7" 'I ,~rJ:l .. .). llllghilll'iln IIH(' Itito fill vulo-

') "!0"1()")')fI' rJ r'("!J(,")U" () • 'L I i

1'1 (l ex. =-:-: • 0: 44 ~I J =-= o: .1. 010 , (\III'IOZI a ,0 It '

IIe(lHt.ui l.riuughi dl'(!pl.llllghil~ (\HI.(! fupl II eli l.g ex =.~"'! = {)OH Cf. = O,78~)1.., :: TIl".

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TI'illllJ{laiul t11·PJlI.llf1ghin ul(1 eiil'ui lul.uri 111 u:qH'imll ill IlIlIlHH'O 1111.I'(lgi H41 1ItIIlHI~t,n 'rilllll:/ti 1'':I(I~o 'iciau: Triuughilll pit.lIgCH'ioillll nln dll'u i lul.uri Hn ~x pl'inul priu cilin runi miei II II 1I14I1'(l 1nt.i'clgi CINt., c:CJI (Ill 11~1'IIl'il(l :1: II: ft, 1111111 i I, Il'i III1Rh i ui lui P l'ltl/~(},.a, Mil It triun]; ,;111 ttl'':ltlld':f~, cJllCUU'llon lul.uril« lui Hillt. 'III IU'OJ,{l't1Min lII'it) IlI,iol\. AlIl.i"H 11 JllIlIIP1i1I ~i ,,.i,,. /lg!t;"l sturn .. J(III101'1,111 l~illl"'1\ onl.c,l.oIl1 J

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oc ~ aHora'12" ~i (1 :~~ [,:1~7't.~ ", S,' c,onALI'uin~l.n 1(1[-\11(\ cu uohorul HUll ou )'jglu I~i tHHllJlUHUI. Pl'illWlu oiuoi tl'jUJlg~li'll'j pitngoricieno slut: :\2 -1- 1,,2 == G~; [)2 "I~ '122 ==

l' ) 2. 82 I 1 ~ 2 -- 17 2. 72 I • ) /, 2 ,.- 2· r ~, 11 ) 2 -1- ',r: 2 -

= .J:, - - ;) - , - - ~ 1 ~- - • », ~ • .1.)-

c:= 37:&JFOl'lllUlu gOIJUJ'alLL u t,riullghiUl'ilol' dl'OpLUIl~hico pitugorlcieno usLo (xtl: - 1/2)2 "1- ~:cv.!J'A ~ (Xli "I- yM)".

d. 'l'rillllghiul dl'''l.tuughic~ 1: J~.

Triunghiul droptuughic ell e(ttoLc~l,~ III l'Il1HH'I,ul 'J: ~'i so construiosto rubul.Irul In Itf)Q diugonnla unui piil,l'llL (fig. 15). AcesL triunghi <h'cpLuughic So lnLllJlc~Lo Irecvent in punerea in proportie a rfionurnenLelol' Indiei vechi. Unghiurile lui ascutite au valorile Cf.= 35°21' fji [1 = = 54°39'.

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'11,', l,tilll!Mhilil drnpl.uuKhic\ ell (\ul,tltdn 111 rupurt.ul tto ·~lUI'~ 1\,s, ,il'oIJOJlU~1l {ITO. vnlollJ'nu ~'I ~"-I :'~::i ~.= ":'~li"lH ... ::-:--: . ~ ·1,002.· .. · "Uughiul'iie . lui· HHCU~,it.o UlJ vulorile 11. =

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= u., IJu o ~l (~ = "17 .," )" '.1 eeHL t,l'lUlig II t I'nplulI·

• 'ghio' ·'.lui' ~lI'n :IU'oPI'jld;l1 i n~i' eli' Lg' a ~!::. 1/s ~i. eol,g ex = "\'.

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Peuuu a-I construi (fig. 1 G) 80 in cntetn A C = 1 ~i Ho ruhal.c puncL~ll C pe prolungirea coloil. I Lo culntu, lu pUJ~eLul[(. Dill J( An duce 0 dl'oupU'i on -onrn, pn OHm ~(\ &II 1111 l-Iugnwl1t. onl'tlonm A 1.1 . H.i Sil UI IIKl'l'uitl~l.n, (HI IlwlodH cuuosoutii, Ht!e\.iullnu do aut' 11' J I J{;l' ::::: s. So 1I1lr.~1.{1 .t ' (HI A, inr dill JJ 110 chum 0 pn nlnln In Ail', 01\1'0 dul.el'Jllillu punol.ul . lJ. 'I'riunghiu d rupl.unghio

11A (,' "HI n ll'lUIltf,lIilll "liul,HI.. . .

t. 'l'riuughiul lui 'l'iuiuu

.lullliU Hl.t~a l~II.\1i tl'iulighi C'(dlillllc~l'ul, 'oh\-i Illl.',1 '~HI'i~I' ~iivi~

~ ZIlI't~1l 1I(\I'l-'I,I.IIH ell ujul.orul 1I111~i LiHt~nl.()Hl'I u fUI:II, uumit

triuughiu! lui 'l'itu ('(I. , duuuruo« 'I'imnu ;ltH'HoJlnjll·l lui PIII\.II~I) .11 (\CH.IKidpI'H, OIl l'iilld 0111 IIHl.i fl' 111(11;1 1,l'j I ,III g hi , llllg 111111' lin' II II mlOll \,11;0 IIl1 v ulnr i 10 IX:=-:: )0 ~i W ~.; no".

Hnp()I'1,1I1 diul.r« tlul.nl.pln lui (lHt.n 1 ;'V: ~'1; '1,7:~2 .• AI' jliirull' eli. nici Hl~( 81 l riunr hi druptung rio nu urn nici

, .o II' rili 11II'il C,II' ~"()I·i IIIIIHl d" nur, dtll 1II1"'e, ,lIie i.' 1111"',, ,.JJ I

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ponto ohlillo A,i dill hoxugqllull'OJ{lIlnl,: tllH~li 1'1\1'.11 nnl'mdui

oll'ullIllHol'iH (lAI,o tlgali:i uu 'I, (I Inl.lIl'li Il huxuguuului I'llgllini. cuuvux clHI.n ~i 4Hl t:!I-{HIi"i 011 :1, iUl'.o lut.urii n hoxuguuului I't\gullll. Hl.olut, t\:;I,.~) t\gnli' ell I ~: I (I'ig, 17).

tn Lriuughiul dl'clpl.lIlighin uu tml.d,dtl 111 rupurt.ul 'l::l, ipulJOIHJZIl HI'" vnluurun "{~ -~ I: 2~--:-.~: Jr.: AOtlHIJ Ll'illllgili

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tll'tllIl,ulIghiot roul'(,u jlllJl(I,~1.1l1l11 1'(,ul,I'tI t~OIlKt.l'lIC\\,ifl gl'u-

fin« u n uuu~, rului s, Hn 1111.1,1111' ~I,CI r ron v nil I, III IHIIlCU'tlll 'III PI'opuJ'\,in u multor mlifil)ii muuumnnt.nl«. U IIghilll'ilt!

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h. 'l'riuughiul dl'(~ptunghh~ .1: Jr."

'J'dulIgllilll dn~pl,uJlghie 1:11 enl td PIn 111 ru 1111'1,,,1 1: JG' nre unghiuriln ascuptp-.CI. =:-= 2"o:.~()' ~i (1 =. (j:j<:l2t.'. I~HLIl

un pl'OUUS subsidia« 31 f-iee~iuJlii de aur, do iarece .. Jt' =

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i. '''I'illll~hilil dn'pf,IIIl~!;hil~ I: 1 I J'J'

.llIlIIidlll.I'1I I,l'itlllgliillilli nlll, ohl,i"lll.;"i pl'li divizlIl'OIl 1I(\I'HI,lIill uu njul.nru] hiH('ol,OHl't,j uuuhiului ell flrt, (11,,1,11 IIIl II'illllJ,!fli dl'l'l'lllllr.!hit: 1:11 IIl1ghilll'iln IIHou~,il, IX ~ ~ :l~":.~U'

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j. rrriunghiul dl'('I~tulighie l: 'JJ2'

Triunghiul tlr'npt.\lJ,ghi(~ cu entnl.t,11I til 1'11)1111'1:\11 1:. :l~2' 80 OHIIHLl'uiwJl,u (Ill njul.urul II tloui'l )liil.l'ut.1I ~I HI dwJ.to· nulelur ]01' (fig. 20). A rn IIl1ghiul'iln ·IIKtltl\.il.I' IX ~ 1 B":lD' ~i fj = 70°31'. A {OH" ftlJoHil, In I'orsiu v(H~hn.

10'1(/. 20

k, ~1~l'iunghiuJ l)hd,Olli(~

, '

T riu IIgh i u I tll'l] 1'l,u II gil iu 'It f:I (), d.lll, f I (I 1'11111, ngl' IIIl1i,l (I' i~{, L, t ) ~ ure cut.(~t.(\Jo In'l'ap"I'l.ul 'I: ~t.,~'·~i-~:l· ~i IJlIghilll'jlll I\Kt~lI~ ~,iLo a~: 1Bo ~i f) b.~ 72'), h:KLtl numit Il'i/l.II!~hiull}lltl()Il.i(: ~i . i au mui ~r)\IIlB ~i' triuughiul druidic, clno:ln~e'll vuohii (lO]\Ji IJI't,(tlllA~,i'rl LI'udi\Jill c'~,ol.lwidi pllll.ollil~tl.

.74

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1. 'l'riunghiu! : dl'''l~tunghie 1 :!!~I~J2'

'l'iiunghiu! dmpLulIghiu ell eaLoLolo ill l'UPOI'!tul 1, :2·'I~~i (fig. 22) uro unghiuriln u.Ruu~jLn t = 1UI)~(J' Hi ~ = .13°40'. 1\ Iosf roloH~L Irecvenl, Ja p UHJrflll ln pf'(;~ por~~e. a op?re]or de urhitecturu ~i de ar Lu plus Lieu ale HUHlm mediovnlo.

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In. ~rriunghiul drClttunghid 1: .Ju

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Triunghiul droptunghic C~l:l'(lPOl'l\l1 dint.ro eaLele 1: JIi On tHlI't! It. '~Ht.n IHIIIICU' hll,Jlc~]g) t:(1' pOtll,c, cil,duc:o ~I'nri() dill triuuuhiul c1I'c'pl,lIlig-hio' (~II !'IIIUH't.1l1 dillt.I'c) tII,I,ol,n

1: vn-'1~ printr-u ~illlplil il'lli>nl.em (HI eumpnsul It unui vir] (fig. ~:J), ceua co OOlwLituiu unu iliu fOl'llllllo l'it.lIltu'ii, J)n nc~onu, IwnRl, A,ill (]n ',I')lIn~hilll'i it fORI, inuuit. ~;l'lIl [ormelor dinamice. Teorel.ic, R,11'1I1 so pont.4l uuul.iuuu ln inliuil., dar In pructioii IIU He mergo uiui dopar'l,o do ~r), (h~ell, jl1 HiLlIn\,ii Bxuc]~\,ioIlHlt\, dtH)llI'I.\(~n R-Ill' njulIgn .

III Inrrno IH'HIl ulullgiLt.~. :

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'I'riuughiurilo (ll't1pl,unghiu~, Hn pul, OOlIKl,l'lIi w'nrio, n~1l tHUH Rn llI'U'll mui tHlA, (1111< H,i nunlil.ic, duuil tin etlllua~LH vulouruu llulIHwieii U l'upcu'llilui dillt,I'CI (ml."t,t1, HHU - (~tlnll (~n nK{,n uonluR,i luoru _- vuloHI'CIH 1l1lllWI'ietl It (mlut"i lnu'I'i, ptmLl'u cutetu Illicit <'gulit ell uuil.nton. I'uul.ru till

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2. DREPTUNGHIUL

Dnclinlut,lH'unl douii tl'iUllghilll'i cll'Optullghioo itlontico tntro (,I",:ln .nA,u IolIucn. ipotUlluznln 101' Ri~ !:In ounluruln, so ub\,illt1 1111 tll',()pLulighi, curu ul'n nelllll~1 l'lll'"I'" 111t.1'0 luturi, (m si £i4)UIII'() clinl,l'1) tlol" d01ln 1.I'illll~hilll'i cll·npl.~ II u~hilmill~\.inlt1. III cOIl,soOln ~,il, tol. m~(\n en H-a "I'UH 1II,~i sua roloritor lu LJ'iulIghiul'ilo dl'lq)t.uJlghi(~o llHtO vlllal .. l ~i pontru (Iroplullghiul'ilo eOI'e81nlll1.iitolll't~.

3. PENTAGONUL REGULAT

Pentagonul regulat nu Be preteazii la repel.are ~i aliiturare pe orizontulii sau pc verl.icalii.

Constructia gI'unea n ponl.ugolluilli l'OMulut convex Il fut\L tlul.u HlIl.nl'iol' (v.: J I.n.:', fig, '1). VnlulIl'I'" Int.ul'ii lui (In fUllu\,in clil l'Ui'j'l (~",'elilui l\il'tltllllHt~l'iR) nfll.n:

1 V , .. _'

a = - · r· 10 - 2 vG. 2 !

4. HEXAGONUL REGULAT

~o oh\,iuH din uliHul'lH'nu tin t.I'illllghilll'i 4lohilnl.twnlo "Hulo, (Icoi puntc) uouptwi "HUlplnt. plHHlIl (v.: Ill.A .1. r

~i fig. 1.7). So couHI.I'UjC)~l'H Ionrl.o lotHln, tutrucll Inl.uru hexugunului J'c,gulnt uunvux c,l1l,n 4\J.{ulil (~\I l'UZIl c:nr'ou)ui ciroumscris. lloxllgouul rogulut Hl.dul. (~Hl.o nlcilLuiL dill c.ioull LI'~ unghiur] uoh ilu ternlo su }H'1l pua".

78

S. FORMELE RECURENTE

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'.' So JlUIIlCHC Iunue reourouto unto ClU'U 1't111 tu tUWU101Wll

ell ole 2nselo in cnzul (~I'e~Ler·ji (snu dosel'n~ ,nl'ii) lor prin hiBUIlUlI'tJ (HUll Hctid(ll'l~) snu prin multiplier 1'0 (BUU divi:I,Ul'tl ).

.. n, I III prim t\xolllplu oHI,o triunghiul uoh lntorul, CHH'n poul.o crun un ~il' 1'(IOlll'nnl., tliloli i HO du IOUZll HUH'OIl JUlUI'Il,. C(l~Hl eo (H~~,n (,01, \lIlH (:11 u-i (luJJ1,t JlllH:U'l1 I'H1:H cercului ell'CUlllsel'lR, OHm dOVJlJO l'U1.U nopmhu luBm'JH .j~, t.riunghiul echilnt.OI'ul. U"llIi'il.OI' ~,H.m,(l. (fig. 2ft). hSl(; VOdlU ,<In 0 ,lu'ogl:eH1," gt!oJJwLriCtl Clf I'a\,ia nguliJ. cu 2, lnturil« I.I'JU IIgiu 11 I'J I 01' Hv111d HIJe(¥llii v VII lor'ilo

(pcnLru rUZIl iniplliii. egllJii ou 1): :j" 2J:J 1J.~a

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. l.lud 0Ptll'H~,II), luturil« plil,I·lll.n]ol' VOl' It loilll i 0 1H'C.tgl'nt:litl

~ J.tllCl~"nuLl'jd"t ,ou l'a\,in (lI{Hlil ou -n, ~i nnu no: 1, v~~ z, 2/2, It, t.J'l., 8, ... (fi~. 2~»).

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I' 1 ' '.' I ~'i ; 1. dreptung nu IIllyUl: -2- =!~2-:'

o npliont,io jIlLm'nRlIlll,l1. 1'11I;fl R(.lllltIUl'di1.IU'IIH rOl'IHlllplul' clo Jlll'Lin. Cll1el H-u llil,l'Cll'l'ill~1 'WOIlK!.il 0lltll'Htint ~'HIII nl'tllll, ~lluj JHull,(; HOl'jj dn rOl'lIl1ll~tl Hl,Hlldlll't1 iZlltPt IIOI.H\." ,(,

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lit (,' ul.u. SPI'iu ;t 1l-11 1'/1~ll'llldil. Ilpoi 11111'1111'11111 twll.li .IUIlIOIl. EHt,o 'Vol'hll tin II HPl'il1 do l'OI'I 11 II I I' tllll'Cl r iimlu , jUHIHIHHIHn uu t'lo iIlHI!lt~ priu IlljtllllilUl\il'4 (KUU prin 'tlublnl'O) ~i OHm all en hnzil RU pl'ufn\a (n 1 m~, in!'

ruporl.ul dill!.I''' luturi 1: ,ii, t~'lp douti. nt.uri riilld

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a. !-I.i h, H-H luul, ah:--:I 1I1~~ H,i -_ .• = - - _ - · A rezul-

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tnt Iurru II (.\1 1 H"I x '1 H,!I 111m :::--:: t m2, nuruil, A O. Prim» 11ljllJlliHtilil'o N\l.t~ J 1: ~)~)ll X 8/1'1 III It ~.H.III,d.:

'" U 8" :1, X '1 t 8 o m 11\ :.=.: J, ()U(JOUU 11 :! A I [>n/, >~ Hit 1 111111 . (J,:.UOOUU )II ~ A 2 420 X :ll." JlIIII :-:~ I) 2:-)UOOO III ~

,

J1 ~1 297 X "20 IIllll ~-.:.: I), '12~IfJO() m A 4. 210 X 207 HUll = U,OG25QO In'

A;, 't1R X 2HI 111111 ~:-' O,O:l12;)O III ~

AU fOS X '1"8111111 :-,: O,Ol.flJ:l:J III 411.0.

Ilupurl.ul dillin' lnl.uri psi., 1\I.'I'4'l1 llcl'llI~i: ~'II/I LS!I'" =::= [,!)I,/H/d ;-'": .. ' ~'::: 'I/,'"i, d"t,j l'ig-III'iln f\lIll, II HI' IIII' 111'11' HtHl"1I01l~1"111 nil 1I~lIrill\1I ill 1'''1'111111.111 ,I" ldll.ill 1I0llKII'II do H(ll'iHt inr til 1'0"1111111,1(, ,I!, ~i ,lIt t~lIitdt"I'1 P iouril« III.~,

tl. Dlipii mllll 111\ cll'4'j1ll1l1ghi (~II lnt.uril« J ~i /'2. :-:4' pOIlI,(1 illlJllirp In dOllij ~II'.'ld 1I11~~hilH'j .('gl~l(\ 1111.1'0 11,14\ ~i USOIIWllna ell 01, tot usl l«], \111 dl'CplUJlglll e1 lut.urilo 1

~i ..J;,- Htl ponl.l!imptil'\ i ill l.n-i dl'opl.lIllgltilll'i pglllt' inLm 41141 ~i HHI'llIlqlcqll~III" 4'1(" til gtlIlPJ'III: Il'iUII dwpl~

1IIIrili 011 luluril« 'I 1,Ii J,i MI' ponl.1l1l1qll)l'li 111 It dI'IIP[.IIII" glaull'; _~gllitl ll1t.I'" t,lo ~i IIK('UIPIHIIl ou Ill.

1.', ell! IIIlIi izhilOl' I'XPlllplli cln fOl'llili I't't~t 1'1'1111' "Hlp clropl,tlllghilil ou JII(.IIt'illl 'I ~i S, CUl'tI " fOHt. I, '111,111, 111111'l'i~IJ' (v.: II.B.:J ~i fig, ~),

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6. DIVERSE

BUIll H1Ui JOB cttevuconstructii gnlficn CUJ'l} pul, sorvi In pllJl(H'OU ln II1'OIHJI,\.ju.

- Dun« 111 l.r-un clr'opl.unghi utllnl.lII'ilo 1 ~i~:r dnHpl\l'\,iul lin phl,l'ut" l'uulln dOllt\ (1I'llpI,UlIghi\II'j ,d"ilt.uil.n dill nil,n un I'nl..'ul. mui JIlin t,;i 011.0 1111 dl'{lpLlllIghi IIRtlIUtllHHI cu cd lIli\,iul (fig. '27).

- In gOJwl'ul: ducu lnt.r-un d I'l~ pLuJlghi eo lul.uril« t ~i

~". 11IIHpol'Um uu pill.l'U!., l'i'iI~1'l1l dotli\ tll'Ppl.lIl1ghiuri alcutuite dill cltn UJ) piil,l'uL mai mic ~i cll.e un droptunghi asemcncu cu eel initial,

- Dacii intr-un drepl.unghi ell lnl.urile 1 ~i S2 dospi1I'~im un pa~rat, ramine un drepLunghi ell laturile 1 ~i s

(v.: ILB.3). . .

- Un piitrat cu latura 82 se po ate doscompuno in doua dreptunghiuri, unul eu laturila 1 ~i 82, inr al doilea cu laturile s ~i 82 (rig .. 28).

~ DiiIn 0 oonst.ruoj.io gl'arion aiiuplii, din cnro flo pot oh~,iUn lut.uril« dLw'VH poligtlnnn I'Hgulnl.o tHlllVIIXO (rig, :lU): () ~ eunt.rul Rmniu(H'oului

11 1J = ]UI,UI'1l triunghiului ouhilutornl AC c= lul.uru pii.ll'tlllllu.i

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AD = laturu pentagonului regulut convex

AO = rnzu somiceroului = Iuturu liexag« .ult{-i f(~.gulul. convex

OE c::: Iutura dccagouulul rc guln]. CUIIY('X,

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t

Pl'inoipaleln I':H'IIJdipipe~l{\ fnlOHiLn In PlIlIl'l'('ll 111 pl'n~

pUI·t·io a CHlificiilor' Uti Ju;l,urilo (,~Illt) (:\1 Inl.w·iln pt'illeipaleJ"I' dl'opLulIghilll'i, 1.1;111' gnlJllll,tl dl.n 1.I·pi:

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i; C. Clasific:area elemenlelor

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ElemenLelo Iolosite pentru punerea in propor\,jo pot fi clasificate in trei categorii:

-:- Elementele organice, adica cele date direct de legile naturale ale proportiilor : legea lui Kepler, logon lui Titius-Bode, sectiunsa de aur, ~irul lui Fibonacci. Excmplu: triunghiul pirarnidci,

- Elemetuele a norga nice, ndicii colo JJUr J1umorico HuU goonlOl.l'ioo R.i enro nu HO giiRoRo tn nnLUI'Il, I'~xnmplll: l'riuB~hiul lui PiLngOl'a. , ' - Elcllumlc[n inurmalior« AUU s(!nu>ol'~lI.ni,:(\ 1111 ion on 10 .1 u Ln ind il'(lOl, dn Jogi;-llltl"lH'llln Hlo 1)I'OPOI'~' i i 101', Nf\U {II'HU 1,0 ou njul,Ul'ul l'iLI Mh'-I \I i snu ttl .'(HHII·n II \,ni, Exnlll pi u : triunghiul plul.ouic. .

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PUNEREA iN PRO ORTIE

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PREAMBUL

1111~1'1i /It I pt'I,n!t~1I I;i 1:11 dOjl;-U'l.Ul'llll dn J oi ill'spa\,iu, lHlitlh 1'1'11'1.1'11 ()I'inlll" IIlIdo 1llll'Ifliltu illfol'l 11l\.jiJol' HUI'lHO JU'ivil.oHl'n Iu LtHH'in PI'OPIH'\,iiJOI' so l)l'() IlJlge~l.n plnfi mull, 11111 i L i I' v. ill, ~ i "111111111 It III i"i pI' j II H I I eo It I III X.'I L -In n). J 11 EVIII -.Modiu S-H cunl.inun]. 11l hUIIIl IIlI'l.H HiHl.mllul I.I'UIIHtllitoJ'ii ol'ldo It Hool'fll,1I10l' 1,lIol'jlli pl'0l' 1I'\iilol'. 11100- phili. 1111 I 'tlJl/l~I'IH'1l1i lllt '1Ilt~tlfllll. ~Ii im-lfi III i\'llillii HI,udii 1,IIOI'IlI,ion privil.olll'll III IU'OI'IH't,ii, IItlOHl,o HLII Iii l'iillfl "poi, :111 H.·c\ul'''11 HI'lllill.olll'll, dill (:11 ill eo 1111 i Illlflll!l'OHl-HI, t:nnll on (a'lllllI~j', ~i runi 11I"l'i dil'iellll,lit,i ill ,"/lHIlI'llIl dnliIIlit.ill'ii dillid'1l 1.00l'i" PI'OI'OI't,iilol' ~i IH'/t :I.iell pUlllwij JII PI'OIHtI'PI~, d410/H'1l1l1l l'illl:lll'lI II II I.IH' Hili ~1:ouJti H.i-II c!Cl1.voltlll. lu'opr'iul Hiill HiH1.11 1Il.. P"jff ""11111'0, 1'0111,1'11 1\ IIl,id,itJll,n ~i JU!lltl'U E V II I Mild ill, jtf'iw:i HIlI! Hllltod;i do ilJvoHLigH,'n a IH'oblorrwi I'iimille UCf!OU el,: U Kl.udil.l opendn de al'hil!nel.ul'~l ~i de m'ta plasticii. ~i do a dndtJ~o din lIenHI. Hl.udili hllza 1,(!Ol'Ol.j(:il foJwlil.i'i lip Iwtol'ij 101' ,WIlI.I'Ii IWllnl'ea 1J1 fJJ'OjH.}J'po II 0[,uI'0101'. Cu ~dl.e cuviutn, lI,w,l:odu d(! JW:I'U nHtn ill m,od l'I'(lPO~ld(H'(lllt t~PII rlruluoII v u : .II' III IIl'nl'(I III 1,1101'111, r /I lip phul nil n""/l~I'"I'1l1i ,h lI' ; III' I" ,"I II; I" ; II \'III'~ 111'1''', lid ;"11 1,1'''''''1'''11 III j lie" 1'"1,

I illlitlii, III IIl(d,odu illdlltl!.ivii: lin 1,-, 1,(I(ll'il1 I, opllI'ji, d'll' uuruui III purl.!!, dill cuuzu nunuirului l.ol. I wi mlll'l! Ill' HiHt.Ollln Hi dtl (:IJ 1'(1 U 1.11.

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A rluun dilllllu:i t;H!,O ntl,~l. tl (lI'dillii l,IOllltl,IIiJ11I1' tin '~l'liour«. Ouiul prmul.iv !.nun ill PIl~l.tH'l, ll(fWi, ill IOol1l11ln IH'dllhl'j(~HI'I' tin Ilnl.lIl'il. 1111.1'-0 hlltll' zi, lUI om primitiv u l1~n1.n(., pnatn, IIIl piol.l'oi Hall IIJl bu~I, -uu Ju gili'll ;Im~l.m'ii: lW('HLu It fOHI. uol.ul do Jln~Lm't! HI urhil.ucl.urii, ~ Jll.nl'iOl" eillli ouiul primit.i v It pornit sii-~i . \OIlHI'l'lIiIlHn~ ollllHllfJi I04lllillt·cdll, (1lIKiv,ul' 1'lIciillltlllt.IU'(I,,, iuul. Hll H.i 1t, "MI'llIllClIILoZII (1(1 !-IClulpl.tll'i H.i OU piol,lIJ'i.J)UI'I ult,i HUI.OI'i, oruul priruit.iv n 1ilonpuL prin n piul.n pn IUH'('t'j I'n~I'(II'iIOI', llJloi H c:iol'lit 'ill piutl'll HUU Jm&lII~i ullin II lII'Jlul S-Il npuent, :-Iii (\onHI.l'llinReii. A~ntlnr', ol'dill(lu iKI lI'jeii It HJlndt,illi t:olol' 1,I'Hi jlltinlllt,n-it:il'j 11l1\IIj)n dllpl'. "Iii 011 11I'hi-

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,Mo.r'cu rnajoriLnLfl U monumentolor de arhi (~cLul'il CUI'O s-au pasLrat din A nt.ichitute ~i din Evul Me iu, IH'CCUIH §i 0 huna parte din cole l'onascenLisLo sin conatruetii religioas«: tomplulo ~i morrnintolo anticn, iiscricilo ~i cutedrnlulo rnedievale, rnnschniln islnmicn 01 :. LIl ronlizareu Lul.urori accsl.or etlificii, arhitectii uu .s'l. oLJignti Ril. linli sonmudo 1l1lIlHII'OI\H(} (lOlHddol'OnLn I \olof.{ilin, til gnnnl'lti'l111 v n It'ln I'll Kim holiotl, puul.ru on °1"1 In 101' H« Ho tllt~nl.ll'nr.o "Ill "~i~l.llllwln ~H~KIIlOrOllion ,"In, 1'1' igiilol'i l'Il,HP"td.I\'t" !-jllllilohHlutll 1'ldlglO!l ',II LI'ologuJ Uu.\!' , }I"I'I.41 dill

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A~tl HII ('xplic~j", [npl.ul eli 111 l'I~glllill" R(;l'iHI HUll ornlu, ohligut.ol'ii In ptiiriCHI'(lU nOIlKI.l'lIct,iiIOI' I'U IgioHHn, HI! eOIiALul.i'i 0 Hl1llllgnrnul'O illl.imti 11l1.1'o· cumn ulullIoll1.nlo t.Plllogi(~1I ~i eondiOiln mlll.IHHHI.i(~o. ::;i 1.01. Il~Hn 'Ilxplit:fi ~i fll(ll.ul eLl OP(!I'oJn do nl'hil.eel.m'il I'Hligi(H1HII monumonI.lllti lilKul.n lIt1ul'i lHo~l.tlllil'll 'du uiil,l'o npooi n dt! ruulf t.rnoul,« slul., 'HJlI'OIIjH\ 1.01\(,,,,' I'onlizi'il'i tlxnop, uunln, eild "O)H'OcitlCl, 1/1 "CllI'il I'4l(lm~i'i, In t.onto l.impuril« ~i ill t.unto luouril«, . n04I(1l\K.i 1Il1it~rl ~i imuuhilii HI'1II01I \ eOHIII iOll, dill' ell 11111111'("11,11, 1 n riHOIlI'O lHOIHIIHClUI, til II '1,(1 'n HiHI'I~iuului (~()HIlIO~~()Jlin ~i n situhnlismulu] (,polt l~itl' nl l\1I1~

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U pHl'Lo dill l'n~lIlil(l tin .IHlBm'., til IH'OpOI'~,io, folol'lt,,, In IH'oioo(,UI'(Hl ~i Hx"eutlll'lIU pdil'j<:iilol' I'4IligiollHtI, ItU 1'0HI, 1,I'flIIHpUHH, udnpl,llto ~}i ul'~ioul.n '~I In tltlinniilo ItI'ofullo:

pulul.n, L(ln1.I'n nl.u. ·1

A 1'1lzulI,nl, nHI.l'ol ., m~l+(,itli"i ul'hil.tH~l.tlI'HI~i Hpt",il'idi, h,.1,,.I," pn PlIlltH'tHl 111. PI'Il:POI'\,io cli4~Llll.ll .In HimlwliHullll J'oligioH. A eo HI:I1. il tlHt.tll,idi ul'lail.4U~I.UI'Jlli·' fl l:i'IIIHH 111 vigouro in Europa CUJU pi~'lii ill npocn hnrocului,

Do III Henuslere Iucouoe, I; uumiirul erl ificiilol' l'uligioHH4: a tot soazut, numarul sdifioiilcr profane a tot crescut.; iar punerea in proportieia Iost subordonata din ce [n ee mai mult considerentelor ~tiin~ifice, pentru ell in epocn modornii ~i mai ales in cou contornpornnii flU fie nproape total dominata de cerintele tchnico. In sfir~iL, 11l :t,llnl,,; IIUHHI.l'n, H-tl "jUliA In 0 (lAt.ol.iutl Hl'hil.oo)'\II'ulll uu I.ol,ul noo«:. (mn n nlt~duljll'ii i"(,I'HIlHi~4Hltn ~i "tol.ell pl'iu1,ul,OIll'O, i III pUMa do 'Ii lUI UK 1.I'i U li 1,HI'0 U co 11K true \,ii lur.

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1. ANTICHITATEA .. :1 .

Toritoriul studiului I)UllCHi [u Pl'()pol'~.in ill Aut.ichit.atu CU prindn douil 1.0110 JlUlI'1: Orrcnl.ul (oxl.rom, m ij lociu t apropiut) ~i hnziuul miitij Meditorune (in ufuI'u tin mulul 01 orioutnl, cure ('lsln in~lohul tn 1.0lHl O)'iol1l.ul\1i). O.'clillt!u ,wwW'uriui', udopUnl.iI c.lt~ uni 1'(\111.1'11 n )HU'olll'gn Ol'iuul,ul nul.ic nAto t\OU: ~I" In dlHiil'il. In npUK, uuumu: .1 ;'pulliu, Chilln,llItiin, J~tll'l1int ()l'itllll,lIl UPI'Opilll,.

'II bnziuul IHill'ii MncJiLlw,UI1H s-uu .ln1,voll.nl, 11l A ul.iohil.nl.o pnl.ru (}ivjli7.n~,il i(~! tl'lunl.tI, In UI'wiH.oHl'"ln pnl.ru 1.0110: Egipl.1I1,Mul'tlH i~tlrn(l, GI'm~in, I mporiul ltumnn.

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Hl)(\(~irier~ h iJlo cuuotHm til., ~i ,RH ]~n I'n oil ,~l i mptu 11:" t n trnJ~1I j 1 I I ruxa eill'l'iol'llol'. 1 )1'11' COJlR('I'lw\,ii lin mndu 1.(1 BIle: 111:0 IltliUIIH1I tlltlllH\llt.nln

l'npnLllI'n·u tlcngt.ui. nuulul H~' dlll,HI divi'l,HI'On lui, ,lnl,llpi H nul ui .~i on In nln r II \.,)110 I, III I' prill

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seala locuinlelor rog0.lull lnlph~~lLo, dl~ dinwtHHUIiL ell

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o tipizare unica : X., cea inlelor ~i a cclorll,·t1l~~

~i azi unitatea de miisurii a lOC\~1 t-

Cladiri profane ja"po,ner.e, In l~?u,lntele japoIie~e eXl~ a

J 8 1 cleo. iar vcsl,Jb1l1ul'lln,

CnnlCI'O ide G rogoJull, uo rog.?JIIl. '

1 1 1 1 - anexe SlIlL de 1 I'ogodcgajanlcntele ~i ce e a te nCapeI'1 din plnn so exLind.n,.

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III VJ-Ion II,Uq ~i l,nm!,llIl hlldiHI. l luriyu-ji dH lu NUl''', dB lit lncnpul.ul snculului HI \'11-1(111 B.II, (fig, :U), Amhol« oOlll}lu1.it·ii HU plml dn'ld,lIl1~hiullll', eu I" purt.ul lul,n, lul.uri :I:,/lX (HOPHI II Iiinrl 1'111'01'1,111 dilll,I'11 1,,1.\11'" 1I1111i }ull,I'nl, ~i ding-ollllill lui), I'nviliumu.l« tI II illl(II'iol'lIl iuuintulur nu plun 1'10 PIll,I'nt, fie 01'Opl.1 I1ghiuJul' ell

ncolll~i l'npm"L· lnl.u 1Ill.III'i (1: ,J~i) cn ~i l.id II dll illeinLIl, So dnspl'ill<in uu (!Vjdllllti"t eow.;I,III,nnHt di di~Il()JlKiolllll'(lll 111 plnu JIU so riiel~1I Jlilii lu lJlLJIIIJ)JIlI'(~, lIi:i 1I1111lui po h azn mod ululu i nco peri ~ullJj (in Lernxu nii I' iori Jot'), H till a ultui rnodul, C1 e:1 el'H supusuuuor J'eguJ geumetrico precise, in cure dOlHlni! idcea de )1liLl'aL. AC(~'lRl-:l constutum coreapundn do 1111 fpl ~i dogllwlor' tutu '01' l'nJigiilor' oricutulo ~i extrern-urienluln, pol.rivit CUI'I I'U piiLr'uLul sirnboliz<1ll1:i'i Piimlntul. JUI' Pfw(ml simboli: I'n~ll ~(IJ'III.

J"ll'lIl'lIll UIIOI' t"I'I'l~I'I.til,(lI'i. "il rnpurl.ul .I! ,I: Ill' l'ol,ull.n dinl.r-un Hilllplu cnulurt. dll II'lI~HI'C' (slunru Il'ill~il do 1111 Fil'lI~ Iixut iHI,I'-lI11 col] III phLl'llLlIluj, iuLin :ji JIll diugolIul'l ~i II JlO I I'IILiUI (l1111'l Jll C:Oilleidoll\-u 011 I'l'(litJllgil'OIl uJlui lutur] II ))ilt.I'lll.lIlui) (:I'OtJl'lII (\1', Jill t!Httl ill I.u II lOiuLi'i,

dnuHl'l~cO rnpurl.ul '1::1 ,f) (upl'opillt tin I: vi), elll'n HI' fi rust. Ju fc_,J do cruuod. IIlI f'Kltl lIlLil.flil. Ill:ilinl'1,

§ :!. Chinn.

III Chillu, Hill\lll\-in (lOlIHw'vtil'ii 1110111111\1'11\.11 III' Ill'llil'IlCl~ I

l,III',do u nl,ion t 'H 1,0 IlHIlIII!', IIi i 1.011 I'll (l U en u d.~11 .In pOll in:

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1111111.0 pOplllll'O, 11\1 liruhi dil'ol'il,(" dill' 1111.111(111. IHlOHI,tI pUIHllll'n, LOlli." dn 1I1~1!I'II~i l'IIHii, 1111 rn:~t. 1'011 lito d" IIIl1i 1111111,1' lI\ill'lIii,IIII .r -uu HI,nl. IIlIil,III' illnll,I'ulj'III" null.urn Idlilll!l',il 1'!41,t' ".i 11I1 dl,,·:LIII .In IIlIil.llril. J )111 II 011111 11111 HI'iil,ul. ill I 1II1'/lg"I'U 1'111 pl'I'I~I',dn'tI" (11111,111'1\ (1 lill"Zi'j oHI.o Illlll 11111'1' II illfllll'lItul. ~i t~Olldi\,iOIlIlI, 1'"1,111" lio cull.uru jIlPIIIII'zil. ;\HI.I'"I tlii 1,I'it~id,lIl'ill1 l,.i t:III'unLt\1' ~I,i(:illl 11111' SIW nruiul.it.« Hilll, dl'l'illil.III'ii, 111 pl'illllll I'i ul, )l1!1I1'1'1i uull.uru IdliJlPzil.

II" 1'\1'1111'111 .iIILI\I'I'~aIlL d" eliidil'I' \'uehn I: lillm',iI "i!H- 1,1'111:, 1':-;11' '1':lgodli dl! 11I:ll'fllIJl'ii /I 'J'1:llIplulu gullH!1I III! lu Bpijing, al(~ dimi (d(~rnl'lIl,l~ eOlllflozit.ioilll P aiul. diHPIIHO ill 1'11111 (fig. :r2) toL dllp:', nJmnolll,.du g'flomoLr'jl:l: ull! IIlIlIi p£il"'III, ~i III:i." .. i illl:illl,11 HJ'n plllJl dn~l'lIl1ghilJltlI',

1:"1 "111)(11'1.111 Iul.r« lutll,.. 1.01, lin J: ~'2. Pfa'lIl I'PH)lI'I:Lii im:j'i l.ol,lIdulii ~i Il'g'illlll'lI Ll'illllgllillllli euhilu 1'1'111.

~ :r. Irulin

I ~dill I'Kt.n 1;i lin 1111 ~lIh(\III1LiIlOnl" lucuil. dn nni ruull.a pOpOIlI'll, 1:11 lilllhi I,li I'nlip:ii dil'lll'j!,j\ IJi IIhil,,' do I'UIIII dirt~l'il.l', dill' ail:i 1111 II H\,III, Ille ill \'1'0 II i 1111\ 1)I'(HHIHlll i~l,ol'il:o.I' .. 1 it.i« III IIl1ifidi ri i 'j U('I'-III) SiUglll' F ,ai" en til Chillll, H~1I ll1dl. l mliu fll'l!zilll,ti I) 111111'0 t1iv I'Hil.l1l.l.l tin sl.ihn-i, 1,l'liditii, pl'w:ndl:tl nl.c. l>i\'iz.UI'PIi pIlIlIlH~.ipi III e:l:-:I.4\ II (lolll.l'iLl/il, Hi PI! III w~I"t'III.IIIII't'1l HI~I'Hll'i di\'nl'Hi~

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'pjldll Ill: I nmplul VII dill 1III'Id,lI (HZI: /\h~~ ~n.l\I'('"1), till I It I" 1'11'1" i l.ul iu i 11111 i ulu i t d I \' ~ I {) It I.". " , ( II g., ,t,))' \ ~,Il ~ I (l OlJl'l.tHl lll'ill<\ipnli' ~II:H luuuil« 111 I'HI'"I'I,1I1 :1,:'2:. I~": ,~nhl(\ IH'inoipulo all JHLlH'd(~ ill; I'HI'0I:11I1 J ,: I, I, 2 ~I I,.L I)jll 'nnuzn t~tHluniLiI~,ii mnt mialului, nmuunu.nt rl« (h~

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Unieul izvur.. dB illfol'lllIllill ill ltI~PIIHUI I 'ivillhi (!Kl.u Ilihliu, I:nm (LPK(:l'il!, l'olll'l,p S\IIIl:II~. uumui 1(l1lil 1l101HIJIUHIt.O do ul'llil.t'el.unl: t."lUplul ~i 1'1111 1.111 I'tlgtdlli SoJOJIIOlI, 'I'ornplul lui S(JiWI1011 It rll:~I, dill'l 11111. iutr-uu I'iiz.boi, II poi III 1'0:-;1. 1'(Il:IIW';\.I'Ujt., iur cu pl'ill jill ellf:lH'i"ii I udojj till 0I'i11'(~ rurunui It rWi\' djll 111111 II/il'iflli L ~i II=U IIllIi Ios]. J'(~(:h1dil.." DrBI)J't~ sourl.n pnlal.ului lui ~ OIOIlIOIl, lIzi djspiil'ul" Jill So ~I.in nimic.

Bihlill JtJ't'oiz(,lIzti (III HfJ!.i, nap. VI): ,~t T(~llJpllll, pn C:Uf'O I-II :t,idil, 1'(\gl'lo Solomoll I )011\11111 Ii nl'lI lllllg do ~njz(l(:i do! (!(j~i, 1111, do dOlli'iz('t:i ~i lnult t 11 I.l'l1ii',r.~oi, '/ :1. ~i pridvnrul dll dilJllililpIl hruplului 111'/1 III IH dn rlnuii,i',lld tiP eoti, i rilH jltlllzilld (\\1 1i'l\,illlt!1I I.tq"" 11111 i, ~,i 1111, d II 1',1 Ie ~n 4 ~ (I tit 1111 i III t'li I 41 " II' III II! i, I . , .' I '\(;, 1~ i /I r i'i n" l, 111 plll'I.I~1l dill rllnt! " 1,l'llIplllllli (I d(1Hpill'~,il,tl 'ii tin ·tllllliiiwuI1dn c:oti hlllgilllll ~i II iruhriiunl, 1'1I1'11t·ii ~i l.uvuuul IIc\IlKLc:i dc~[qu'II'\iLIII'i nil Rc:illtilll'i dt! l\t'dl'lI I~i a~1\ II 1'H(:III, tloHpi'iI'\it.III'1l 1)P1I1,I'li ~l'illin Sri II I plclI','; J '7, I)(l jill \.1'11- ~.Iloi do e~.\,i 11I'1I dl1f-lpiil'~,il,III'Hillt.li II 1,l\lIlIllIllIi.;:.,.,/ :ID. 1111' dI'Hpi'il'til,llI'U dill Ituulul l otuplulu] 111 I 11I'llgIlLil,,,CI en Nil pUllti nellill d,i\'lIlul l lumuului. I 20. ~i d(lKpii,'· \,iI.IlI'H IIt~t'"Hln: 111'11 IUlIgii till dOllill',t't\i tin (\ I\-i, 11I1,it dll c1011"~Ptd till (111\ i ~i 1111111 ii tin tlOII;1 ZIHlj .III I~tlt-i; ... U ; ~i t'" poUi (l'al'",iIJOIII('IIII, 1',/1 p. III): ,,:L I ,Ui \,.11ll1l1ill IlIlHii dl~ Sololllo/l In zitilll'iln l,t'llIplllllli: IlIlIgillHIII ni m'lI till ~uiZI't:i <It I (:0\ i, inr lii~,iIlIPII do cll)tliizl cd till oot,j.; ". P"id\'I)I'IlI"t)1l1'(l 111'11 IlIlIi!llnllil'll'ldllllli, 11\' 'II 11I1I~611H11l

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" fOHlf C:OIIHI.."lIiL ell t\OIH\1l1'8111'l't~g('llii Ilil'lIIlI III 'I'irului, Mudulul tltl 1U cu\,i Hn I'llgi)H(l~to ~i In pHIHI,"I.h~i S~IIIlIH(ln (J J J Ut'/~i, 011 p. V J I): ,,1. J 111' SCll~111101l '~ zullI. ~I 11 I.tU'miuut cnsu su 'In tl'{!jt;;I)lIB:lBCn UIlI. /,,2. Lmu} ueensl.u ~l Iucut-o Jill lemn de' J .ibnn, JUlIgu (in 0 SU(,;I de (a'~.I, lm'gil de cincizecl do co\.i ~i;!innll,il do Lruizeci dn (~ot.i ... / ... I G. Si a mai nicuL un. pr~dvor pe. sl.llpi, lung (I{~ f:illui~eej de c(J~i, laLue .t.reizeci dn col'I; ... " '. . " ToLJJ1 lJihJin, In caI'Loa).e~nehinJ, usl.e ml:ll.al.a VI~IUII(~{~ ncnHt.ui PI'OOI'OC .ln Ingiil,':i~ ell l'neOJJst,l'lIJI'BH ttll.nplllhll lui 'Solulllon (c~up. X ).J .,..-1'kJl ,II). I )o8m'wl'PH, d(I~1 lOHI'I.11 l~oJll'U1,:i In:;ii l,ot.lll:ll 111\ KB i!jlll,I't~\,lIdjl Iw,~IHI~i IIltldlli dt' 'H~ t:ot:i. 'Ullii IIxllgllt,i 1111 il,llf(li'jill'iL 111HiI lIil~i ~i I.l'ilillMhilil

1111 Pll.n~OI'n. ":~j. '.. .

~II pl'l~n pou!,,, en IIlUt.Ucl'r. HllllpllHI.n, .1:.111.:."1 11:11\'11" cll; IHIIIIH'H tu 1)I'tlPIll'~,io It (~n,IIH' .tlo~lji (~I~ .. I ~~II,I 11111 "llgldul Sulumuu si'i Hn dHI,OI'n~.n I l.blN sun phi H~HI'I II PPI'H 1.0 tit! "llCilld,ol'l.ll IHHlVil.ul, :11 tl.~xl.lIll1i bihlil~ illit,illi. J\(:t'llKl.il jpol..,~,jl pal'll'lI n ~:olll'il'JIlUql tin uu lilt, PHXIl,j (1 J l Uf'::':, (HIP, VII), in mll'tl (!HIJtl iV91'hn tin JHlZlIIlIl cllll pl.~lllt~d lui SIIIOIIIOII: ,,:2:', A mni: riil\lIL II ilium 1,III'IIUl.u dill IlI'Ulllii, tltti :t.fl(~11 mlt,i clu III c;.i 1II111'Hillel III 1111.11, I'OI.',III~lii 111I I,ol,ul; jlw)Ui del ~~ill4'.i ,\ol.;i ;il"i Hl'olll1ii 1111. 41 '1I,lp~'IIII.lnll. t~ K1'olll'i. cit! ·(.I'flizm\l del CIII~,J'~,~ 1\111.01'111 1,41XLlIllIl (UI\H HII:! (I Hill,plil'if~~I1'" gl'oKtllullii, ,f~'.(ii"H.itl':I'II."1 (~jt 1C: ~.:L Nu f1Kl.tl 11l!-lii 'l"cdlH~ (III I.on!.tl c:oLd~1 IJUlII~.IOIUil.1' 111111 tHlH, cllll.n 1" Jptlll.ipli dn '10 (~n\-i (UII~; IIXI',l'ptin l~tll.l'ltJl' hnzinului)

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m.;I.1l ~i 1I/.i .Ia. IIlUl'n c:iIlKI.u (d,: suuul.uurul :lIhio do III ~I(ltlll, fllI/llil. rhinr "(lot,O).

C;\'ilijl',lIt.ill l'gil'l.null;1 Iq'", ~~II ~i 4',4';, 111t'~:"p4 1.lIlllillllil, 0 l·l·t~hillltl cln lI.pl'lIxiIlIHli.\' t~aHI' IlIiI4'1~~i ~~i, I.\H 111..11'1', illll'lIl'l.tI

. '~II IlI~nHxlll cllIlllIl'llIii 1\IIIHt.nH lill It II c:l',~"L IH'I 1I(,In 1I1H1111~ 1111'111,., dn 1II'ltiLI'I~I.III·n dill i:;1 uri" tllIlnllil'i, 1IIII'lIdoil l;~;d,~," I'd(~I'iLIIJ' lu I~iilid.ol'ill HI.l ill EgipL, cii I illt.nqH'imr lll:f~HHI,ii Ulwv(ljoW',ii dnI'Ja~HI'I" f:a HI' vizit«: t! "HlIl.jehi·, t.~Hil,e" .df~ JaCi!-\dl; pinllllidtdn ~i Sliuxul. I'HI' pi"a"li,~ dolt} .lj'i Sf'iuxul 11\1 nl'flU pn nl.uuci tin llen(~H ,;j vil'Hl,il: 0

j w,;c,:i pt·jp~. J I i~.' ,'og I ifieii p,:i v i I.(lilrt: 1.:1 pi ru m!d I. ~:I~a '" UI'I,' I)I'C:C:I1.t~lIl.il. f;H f"U'HOIIUI ht:oIH'; H JIIIII~'llld' ~I 4 'I III HeBla~1 l,jlllp 11 J'l'.:--iLHIlI'at IIJl monuuteul. diu "HilI. 4:hil,ul,n" ~i HI Hill HI :--''''i II \ III, Si IlI·PI u Ilf~lld HI' ill r" \." '"111 i nul iohi I,ii l,i UII Lil,i l'l,ujl' I. -I.Cul'ligiHil', ill ('}\Pld Hilll Cl1l1'1 ( /)('/1'(,,./, " ~qlllt~ Olt 1I1111'tHl pil'llillidll II lui I\tlopt~ IIHI. HI! \'4'0.h" tlllllo~l.illtit II SUlu'f,llIill.1

11I1'I"I"I\4'ln "ri.miL(· d41 14;gipl, djll PUI'I.PH illll'l' ',ilul' .II111~U· pol.llillinlll' 1111 nu 1'0::1., 1'1'011l11lil, 1I1IiIHI,'\I'Hlu ~ n~\ pUI'O nit ~i 14;gi ,,1.111 II I n xvreil.ul. i 1I1'1t1l'llln 1'"1 t'1'lIil\t~ ill HI'H l,iilo gl.~lIgl·Hfi4:n III·colljlll'id.III1I't'. ClillCl~~jllkl(\ ~I iilltil'iutl K,l I .. h"ieo 11111 ,'!~ipl.jlllilul' 1111 I'W-ll. t'X.I·I'I'JIl do v l!-iLn t"i "1:\1.0 Hpl'OHjln ~iglll·.i,\ii, ill 1H:t~II~tii jll'ivillt.:'i. "p;iplpllii i·!111 1111.1'(1:111. I~II nlllil.· pll ~IIJIII'I'it~tli, pll IIld{udit IIi, pt, IIHil'ic'Ili, pn 1~lIld",'"i.

eu t,li ill ~lnHllp4l1.IHllill, ill 11:~.dpl. KIIIIII I'HI'II ~ 'H, III 111111'11 pHI'I., lIiHil'"K, iur pn 1I11tllll'ilp Nilllilli ('Hlo 1111 11K, IH',on 01) H. dus, (:11 t~i III ~1t'~0I'41l.llllliH, III tI III'IJil.(,td.1I 'ii ci" elil'li. Illidi.i KlIlI cll' t\hil'pi,~i, d"('.j III pIlIH'n~1l 'ill PI'III ol'\-io duph l)I'jllc~il'illl uuululur. At~n~II.1I II 1:1'1\111. 'ill P'llIdulin 1111

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II:!! In di:,Lull\O 01101'11111 bllj(Jlll'i III'iH~n dl'" pillll'i\~ po i:1l1'O In illl,I'otillnPIIII ill II lind, "I'pr, Illnlociu I',dlilltl.n I~I HHVII'~Lp do I'lIIJP,"1l '111 j'1'lIpol'\,il! 1;\1 I'pll.l:~il1l,I" I,,~i.il(lnnn t.l'hllll~P lIXt.I'OIlI do illgllllillll:w, I'll 111',1'1,1,0 I',dd U:II 1I11I1I1I11In1lLulll, l'IIPOI'I,lIl'iJn Hillll'ln, 111011,11111'11, 1111 111'1\11 (',(11 II pin\' ,1\1)1111- dOllatl' dnr ('I'UU nt-:ol~i~d I~ 1:1I I'IH~llldn urul . IIIHtIC11~ tin 111l111. 1\' i \' i d ~ t.i i II til' i ( :, Su :;\ lin It {, i c ii ru ' 1111 ~ I ~ i II 1 ~ i 11\ i i II I \ Il.ni' ('gil,)t:n~,Iij elll\(l.~t.nllll 1I1111,lrll'~d 1t',.,fal'l:.~"tllI~~,a (,In 11111> ~lI'lJi lUI 'J.1JIHHIUUUI, Iurmn :~I dJlIH'n:-5IlIlIl,le J illlllllllll,lIl~. ooordnnut.ele sisternului til)}al' etc, P« II pJaLr~l pl'(lV(~llIl.a din i.ornplul lui Harnscs 'cd H-Jea, jJasLI:al~ azi, ln M~J~(!.~d din Cairo, f;C' :;[J5 urrnatnareu 1nHCl'Jp\,W hJc~'()ghf'~~,/I:

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La PlJlJ(l,';(Hl in pr('por'tin, ('giplpllii Iulnscuu ell jll'E(::1.dnl'f; t.r·illllghilil dl'l~pl,lIl1ghi(\ ('II lut.uri!n ;~: II::) (1111111.", 111'.1 dl! luti .\II'illllldlilll lui Pit itp:III'n'I,' PI' 1\111'11 I'i ill'III1Hltil'l'lIll "H/H:I'II" ~i II" 1',111'., ~I'I'cji Il nuunnu ,JI'illllgllilll Pj.~ipl,"nll:'), 11"1'4'.11111 ~i, 'illtil'II:{I'hi, "II'iIlU1~hllll pil'/,,"icll'iL~. Tl'lIll1ghllil. Hilln'lI jlnn! II. ri rdl'lILil'inllt. 111 11'1\!-'1'l'ln 1I1111111111t'IILt.JUI' !'Mipl.ulltI! /lilt il',O, rio I~II 111[,111'/1 ;1 ol'izllllt.lllii ~i lut urn !~ \,t'I'Lic',,,III~ rip ill\'I'I'14, en IlI'otlllH HlliI:;idinl' nl l.riururhlului HUC/'lI, I'gipl,t'llii flllll:illllli ~i Irillng-hilll dl'('plllll~hi,l) C\I (\Ill,nlpln I. ~i :>, ll~I'ZIlL dn /l!-!('IIiPlln/\ (~II l:aLdll II 111'17.011- l.ulil fii 1:1I cnt (~I.il !) \'el'l il:n Iii, suu ill \'nJ'H.

PI'III.I:1I u hn p:h:n IIItlLod II ul'i l.llh l.il~u-IlIg'llh I'in;! dl'~ plllll:1'I\ 'ill jll'lIpOlI\in (~II tlPH J[t!Olllnl.l·i61 (HUll, 111111 hllll' i'.IH; IlInl,udli Hlllllil.illii cu IH11l gt'llril~i"), I'gip! rnii "i',I:III'W'1I1I III ul'l.il'il:ii, I hlll'.lIl,n pC! Hl'l'uxillllil'.i 1'IIIIIIn utini, 1,('ol'I'\.in IIPHlijllitil(! ~,Ii PI'lllll,in illlpnl'l~"pl.ihilp,· l ,III., (I;\"\llIpl\l CHI" II'illllJ{liiUI til'. pl.lIlI/,I;hin I~II ('.:I\,I"lldl' I, ~I " IIIlJ)I'I1I1I,lII.IlI. dll 'nitL,'t" pl'n,li d., In I gipl.nlli 1;li 1'.111'1' II I'IHIL dl'H(',I'Il'\ ill plll'II~~I'lIl"ld tll'HPI'!' l'I'I'Hin (v.: I\',/\.I.II.~/I ',Ii fig. ;\1;),

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lriu Hjl.IlIlI'UU Itll' gpoW'lIl'il',ii,' ,,,11'(1 li:gip\. ~i (~I'''I~ill, PI'II JIOI'IIlUI (~lliWHlI(d" din runn-n Eg(~o Nil pl'illHHHWil 11I1'1t1tHlt(1

. dill Ht~OP'I.(\ dout. ilUpOI'\,III1l.n ZOIW. I )Ptlll IT ".1' , 1 IIRl'i , 111 { • rc ~ ( \ i n ( \ uu L i IIC lilt III ii I " I Il n x i H I. It 1. 0 ( ., \III. u dl III H i Ill. 0 L i, , enpllhiltl }:ll I'udipi',o illl'IHI!II~O, dt'.dl, ulliu cu mull. mui t.1I'I'.illt )Il'illltdll illl'ltlC\II~1I pl'illlilp clt~ ill1-Ulh·11I dill runrou It:Klln,: '1I11~41 pi lid 1\11 lltilllili III "I 1\,411111 'I.n,II., 1111 ""KI, '111141

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HI eldtll' dlddoi dPHl!lltHlzii lUI!., 1''' Iurulul uz niu nl corulu] '1 .' 1I111dil,tQ'UIII'UlI, " l',iI't\"hn tin 1'l'ill.II~lIilll'i c!"t1pl.lll'gllio\, lOU '(!IlI·(·,I"dlll ill l'IIIItIl'I,lIll: s, 'polt'lIl1l'.cdtl It'JI' (I\Jlilliil'illl

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! Civili7.1I\,iu ngl'I\III11l It l'oHI, III'illl:iI'HIII r'l'lIil'.HIII'I' dl! ~ ~1I1:llIt"ltt! t-:pl'O (~n'c~iH l'p~lc:ii. h~dt!IIiHI,i,:n, umlu ' 1I1~N:II,I! ;: 1IIIIIII'IItp t\ 'HII gl'dlll, l'" IIIHI,IIIt:I.1I1 III'I,IRI (\ Cl.xl,I"'llt tin ': dl!iwoll,al. ul gn~eilol' ~i l'" pUI.('I'Jlie.,l JOI' nuliuuro Hpl'o

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.' Atw~L IlpOgCII IHI rUKt illHilHI,iIlR ,.~" II illl,ol'lri 111101' d iuu-usiuu i '()~t\('l'tiolllll do IHIlI'i. l) 1'01'1,111 tI , Ul'itiLt!nt.1I1'11 H.i!l .. Kt:ulpl.tll'ii 1I1~~ gl'l'l:illll' \'(ltd,i ,,\I 1\1'1111 Il'ill~I" ell 11.,10 t II I'd \ lilt' (\ II ,;h III j i HI i It 111 i l ill "I'll iu 101' ill I'; gill, I~ i. J JI~"h I g I) , POI:Ullliu, lIit~i (:/1 (~I"I' l'nlllil.Hl1\ 1:1l duuii mil nii tllIP;! PIlI,

· ill, I. i I t ,I t1 1111 i 1'1; L n' , c i H \' I ~ u II dill W 111:1 i UII i III i K 1111 i I·n, 11111'" '1111114', luijllll'\ii ,_ dll,' 1111 ('oHI, !III 0 il~4'I~Hlul i\1 I','wlillfln\-tl, clnl.ol'il.ll p,'ol'ol'titl.llii"ii 101' IIlilit!~I.I·iln· ~i . 1ll'II10llillHKtl,

,. 1\1'1.11 ~~l't~lIl',ii \'1'111111' prill illl.l'l'IIIIHlilil 1'11'11111;1111', 1\111'1'

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. P(H fnel,1 uchilihru, d.irn~·iLel~' illl'lt,lolI,k HI,I'i"III,1O _., t,.~,1,11 YOlliLn din AHia I~i edo: .vt!JlJln~. 1)1'11,1 iuturmediul t~I\'III~1I~ini cgrr.llo, dill Egip!.,.·_ lu'nmllH ~I Jlw\.odnlt' dfl plll~m'n In proporl.ie aparcnl iucomput.ihile 1111I'(~ ,01;, cu do ,,"dii modularea proporlionalf cu ceu mel-I'lea, procmJod,n aril.met.ice eu cele geometrico cleo Jar j nt.l'caga 101' uel.ivit.ato tcrealoal'c in rlurnnniul nrhitecturii ~i ill m~1 HI artelor i plastice cru'dorninaUi!dfl scc~i!(nca d(~~IlII" P'~ care au ridicat-o J u 1'Hrlgul de dogma gil prnrna.

.. CII'pnii !'yp(~hi mcwit,i'i dl~ l.rr-i (wi lnui-ii glorir.i pr.nt.I'u

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Hi di 1'\ldiIlHIIII,t\ dll IIiOdullll'n jll'III'OI'\iollllli, joI(I 1'0\, '1111.11111 :',i 111 MIlHOl'ol,lllHill ~i 'In 1·~gjpLI11 rm'Il,Clllin. ell,illl' tI,1I1\ii 1ll:01lKl.lllll'fj l'oulil,Il!pu, III l'I"iwlllll g'1,t'I',ilol' veohi 111111'1\'\11 dn II t'i dllt~ idntlu plll;111I Ollpiil" pillii III pl'dnCl\,illllll, pl:ill ulnhoruruu unui l-\iHl,I\III~:t1l1l pllll, till: 1II0d uln I'll jll'IIjHII'\:ICI:

IInlll HiOl'dillllltll', () dlltlt~t\hil'o H(\llIlIiri(~llt,ivi, 111tl'Il gl'Pt'.1 ~I

, ~ III t d ,d I ,\ P II P ClIII'( I dill ;\ III i ( d 1111111 \ , III , \t't • . , I ~I \ III' I \'11 ~ I n .~ idnlJol'lIl'l'li . ~i I'lIlo!-:il'PU 11I(,tluh'tI'ii I'l'opol i01l1l P, 111-11.(1

~ lupl.ul c~ri In I.olll . ., )101'0111'1,141 /\ lIt.i(~.hil1l\-ii I'.' uflll'ii tlu

groei, ('el{lpmnl1l.ildln, Ht\l'iRO snu t rudi] iOI nln, umnllllll-

. ,il,o Kilt! H\~JIllll'P,ill dU.IIWllilll muduliir]] 1,)('OIHII'\',i,?JlHlu ... - 111.11. IlImnl.'1 dt'. 'lJHHm do Upllg'tlll H 111'11\."1\1111'11 gt'n~ ta'H.l.1, 111 1I11'i~UI'H ill «:lll"1 III ~Wldtl 1'0)10111'(1 Ilf: '111('11"11 1'(IKIl!' II 1(111 (.,'1 I'j III I ;'I)xiHl.al" nH, ~i tllI!'tl W'.tlll (\pnt~'~ 1;Il~olll \llIdo 111·VIl~ .• ~1.\lI'n W'lHlel"i It Hieul. !~OOIlJ[l, .. - uu 1'0 'I. Hl'li(~lItll ill

. Iliod J'jgid, 00 UJl 1.'.,1 do tHlllllllH.lmll""t t' 1:IfH 1'0, ndigioHHt', eOlltli~.i(.Hlll11llimll~iIlH~iil nrhii.cct.ulni ~i fl'i ilndu-i usl lul uluuul m'lHd,OI',-~ tu t.im!, e(~ III g,'md, dilllJ ul.J'idi, lnl.regul liiHLplil 1))011,,1111' PI'OpOI'\,jOJlIlI, .d(l~i JII'I nizHl.p111;' III

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(:eln IIIni miinwLo dt~Litlii, JIll (~I'a dt~e1t 11 I H1HI~i'lIlUnIlL

do IU(;I'u - unul dill illf~I.I'lJlII"lIl.(~lo do IW:·II _ ... 111 '1111111 nrhiteetului, ; It eiir'ui JH!J'fiOIWlil.lIl.tl c:I'C!IlL /111'0 dotlli,lIl, pardi sf'idlndu-i pe zeii Olimpului, ndic i IH!' I:fli 1:0, ehiplII'ile, ll eIH])(H'UHC~nl, ell nll.o cuviul 1 In celnlllll.l\ pOpOUI'C d in ~ A nl.ichil.at 0., mod uluren IU'( pOl'lioJluJii 11 dil'i:IH ('H IIlI Hrhil,I'tll,lIl dtH'(llIil, nX()(IlII·un!, HI ITgkwt'II" !.l!('i til' oj, i~I\I.(lI'ii, pll nilld In gl'l'(~i, t1illq o\.l'i\'lI, nrhil.tlt\t.lIl orn nl Httlpilllll, ~i dirijnrul HiHl.CIII rlul Jllotiullll' 'PI'OI'OI'\,jOJllll,' dnvuui]. 1IIIIlnll." IlWI(HtiJiJi'i, !-lU~HlI'~IOIII\\.il

IJI'OC:r.HllIlIi do m'l~ll\it~ ul'hil(,t~l.lIl'nIiL

lln Hllll'lJIIIllL itupurl.unt. ~i iul.crosunt (~tt~ 1'11I11.ul, em mndulul, In gTPeii vuohi, ill 1'1~I'i(JHdH 1:11 Kil~ii, 1111 (\I'll I'IIZII H(\(~~illni:i Iusului tlt.iolllloi lu pm'l.lw ~H illl'clI'ioudi dliIUJJ'il:ii, 1I~1l ou III I·,. IlIo~(,o"iL urhil.ecl.: I'll JlIodlll'lIii, priu int.tH'lIl~dilll llI'hil,ud,ilol' HOIIIl~t.l)l'ji, t II lit nunuui. CUI'Hlllll tlol'idt gl'lHldi (U'U glllhuU\. nit r ,I d(~dl. 1:t'U

·I'OIlHlIli'i, illl'~IIHIII,,11I1 tI"" 1'0:'11. /IInt;(! n Held uuii Iuaului, .t4Il11, Illui hilin-i',iH, B1'11IilH1I11I1 1'IIi'.olol' H('t',\,iul ilur OX.l."t'llIl'.

Abin IIIHIt ~Ull i l.in',ju, rlu )IIi C\lIt~I'I'iI'PIi (~I'I I~iuj dCl di \,I'n nunuui, uuululul H·n t1opIUHIII. ~,\i 01, Huh illl'lli 011\11 l'Olllllllii,

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Po de a]Lii parl.o, gl'ocii"vechi nu voinu [0);1 "HIl_un\,n 'IWI Ia modularoa mnl.l'jc,l, uzun Iti. prin trudi ~ie in tuu Lii lumea Hnl,jciJ. Mui nHJJI;(Jr~cil, nl.iI,: grecii vechi ~ill(\l.lll sa-~i cul.eze , l)J'oi(~eLde dn: ul'hil.ooLm'd 1IIIIIHli ill ullil,ul,j 'motl'jon ;' 1pLI'(~gi,. I'iil'jj 'frHt:t,iulIl .. Il1Iit.lll.tln Illotiulul'i.i

fIllIl,"llltl ~, g'I'o(,ilol' vOllhi W'" /J/I'iOl'III, tHIt't\ ln AI.I,llln "VtlH ()I;,OHUI ~i :-io till pill'\.I',u i 11 Hi dpg'IlLn, illl' '111 C:Ollilliih, J~nH)o~t.i (~~uttll'il,i·l. llJIOI~: 1,I.'Utli~,ii Iucnlu) H\,paO,'2~H) III Ii!

HtliIlIJU~iJ"CH11H :I:l .Jogol.f!. I,ii(.iuu'll ~\. 11I1I1{illll,tl tldil'illililul uruu di{~LiaLo, till lIJill'illll\l~ ~li {:(I n j'ig1"'Il~,ill I.tH'nlllllul di}lpo.' Ilihil ~.Ii ~Jo pl'ogl':llIull .:lrJljl,p(:tlll'ul, tlUl' nvnuu vulori IIHtdIlIUl't) .1H'41Rm'iHn,· H~h: illun ponl,I'H"l.olll,t_\ t:llllllllll.o nltHHoll!.tl nlll ;~!dirjeillillj, ,(lll ~i IHHILl'li dnl.nlii, 1'(!l'.lIll.1l1i do UH41IlI~!IlIHl dillll.'IIXilllli::'llloclll,IIII'H PI·l~I·Wl'iHn! I:LII'O HCl pul.euu "X Pl'illllt 111 uni l.iil .. i :'III!I,l'io~\ illLI'pg·j HIlIl t'l'netilllllll'll. I)UI' pllilthl nii ul'llir,CH.:I,lIil"ill4111 Hit f\vit\I IIllil,iit,iln lUutl'il.HI fl'lIC:t,illflllhl~· N'U, ohligi,,,,~,1 Pt!iI(.I'U: t:{I tin 1;01,(':1.0 p,'oill(\I,1I1 tll'lIl1iUi\,i IlIol,l'inn tlll,l'eg-j.t Hiil'ol,lIl1.it'llH(:ii, III plw~ HilI! 111 IniutlH, II ni 1,11 PIli 1I~'4'II.ltlllIl'4I I'l'ol'ol't,iolllllo. i\onHLn uJIl'OXilllll"i nu m'tlll!' ,IIIl)lIlI.I'i\'il'i, '1:111'11 /III till I. 1l1l~I,PI'n JIIull,OI' Ht~IIIII" tin 1111,n'hHI;~) I,~j nil· PI'OVOIlII!. II iul Ui hiH,uin

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idltd l'n'll ,1;"1\ 1I11.1.~ lIIil:i,·, n,d i'\/I nl~'III.I.iil't::/~ (~~TU, ~j,i ~hlt'"j.~ ,Ill ,,"IOUl'1'1l Illl,l'l\Il~.!,'I1 t:t'U nun II I'l'lIpln 1 II. (IIULI, \4!C:,11I II\LlIIi .

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antu rujul Iizic natural, in l'ej~a.i ',t',illiJld :,tlUJIIll ~I cln conditiilo optice ~i de ccl~ acusl.ice. ~l t.I:eJJlJJn JJWJJ~'lOllaL aici Iaptul oil grecii vochi avnuu CUJ1()~LJJl~e, Iourt.o vaHI{~ in aceste doua discipline ale fizicii: In opLJeu,. n,ll lo (:I'~~I HLri1ion lngilo l,,'oPllgul'ii, I'dl{~cUil,j~ ~i J'dl'ue,tlf~l .111111111'1, Ji~iologiu vcderii umunn, perspecl.ivu el.c., 111,1: III IIt~lIKtill!i j'lIlIologiu, Iq~il(l pl'opngiil'ii ~i 1't'I'IPIlI,iil'll IIlIdl1lol' tI4l111l1:n, 1I1\lIflt.inll t,d}l'i,\iilol' IlIddi'I" 1111'" '1'011111 1,11\1'111,11

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h~gilll\tllalllJllii illeolljlll'lll.olll'o, (:IlH (\111'0 eOI,IIIi~.itlIlOUi'.i'i vinl.n muului, IIi-a t:I'(IUI, 0 0;': p"tlKio dtIKllv1I'~I\.~. AouHl.n J)I,jl'It:~pii, lIplit:I'IL~~ I,~) i,ClI'ion • (\I'flll\-ill HI'I,I~,l.t:t,'I'lIl'lllii" 111'1I~~ 1'(\IIPO(\!.lIl.n cu Htl'!'tl}IIW,ltl 11l1l1'lIlpK III tHIIIIt~IIIt1 IlltllliLo tin

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i,1\n'(.('IlI,I'11l g-1'('O HIII,i." (lOlillol'dun\-" diul.r 1 oOIHliPi11l ,i~pl.·ieo ~i colo H()\181,it~n twa HUl do pod'oelli, 1 H~n suunl.ul "vooil umuno ~i c:pl HI iuatrumenl.olor muzionl. H~1 PI'tlIHlgll.

lu tonto dil'ntltiiln, Uil'~ "fot'I" 101,1'-\111 HIHl\·ill till Ill"'oxiiuut.iv ~l Go 11} diumol.ru, dN~lIhiK ~i noneoporit] d(H~i Ji Pf4il, titl r:H'IlI'ufu\o fOIlOl'..rh~el.Hllt,p. ~j f-Io pl'opngll ell nutmllf:i illl,tH1Kil.u\.o ~i ou linn I w,li liruluu do I" III'i 11111 llltl till ]jllg;, KO(1J11l t4(1\1 dll·l!lIgi'l Ol'tdHH~I'J'lI, pllli'i III ull.unul Inu d.n po ull.imul gTlIt!PIl • .FilH:al'o W'Udtlll ern tit 1·l'd diJllnll~ siunnt. ~i diapus (ell rOI'JlIiI, (,I'USOll, ml\pl BHJ'O nl.c.), 111e1l., \,illitld RtlllllHt d(l logilo IU',llH(.jef!, Hit lIKiHIII' ! () pOI fnt:!.ii nuditin, fllt'u It Hn rcnuuju JI1 consideronl.ul {I il.io III ulloj por-feul,n vjzibjJiLiq,i. ACflHl, voril.uhil miru '.01 w:wlLin - pusihil ast.iiz.i gr'ut,in aplH'lJ1,ujuJlli ('J,~eLJ'i(: ~i d(~t:l.l'onic - a fOHL 1'(~alj1.nl. dn gr'nei cu cil.evn H{~(:f In 111UiJlI,fl/l OJ'oi lIfJlIHI.I'O. Mjr'IH:olul It fOHI. vnl'ij'innl, In zil do IIl1n~~I.I'1l t:ltiar' 111 1.(~HI.I'oJt~ gr'n(',n~l.i IIIIl.i(:n IHutilt1 ruin: 10 li~i uiuut·il'fl do LI'tl(ltII'OH ruih-uiilru-: dunll, 11J1.J'~tlll IIt11'11WIlP1\ 1.11111.1'11, II p(ln~o/lllii, flfllIl.;1 ill IfI(~1I1 1't\i'.PI,\"tI, ilrtlilnKLl'lIi, IllOtol,ol(l~I,tl (lIIlI'l.ill, IIl'il',tl IIlldillll', nriuud» 1'1rl~111L '111 tH'IJI'iIIHII1 l.eul.rului, ntilio 1I1~(dl\~i fll~IJIlL nl Id I.it'i 1II01.1I~ I,olil.o, fin (~il 1.(lHI.I'III tlHt n jilin t~1I f-ll'nol'lIl,ol'i, 'in nil ('111.(1 gol -- ~i IIt:PIIKI.1l su h tll1l'l1l I ihor I

AUllt-ll,iOIl JlpdpoUi It I,Pld,I'.dul' gI'CtH~~(.i ulIl.il\o '0 ,bIlZH po dool.l'illH pil.nglwi(~iH"Ii, pnl.rivil. eiil'llili ull.im d OIOlllUIlI, 111 OHl'O An dl'~:(:OIllPllIIO HPlltiul IWHOI' Nlt.o lriuughiul tlt'npl'"llghin ou .11I1,1II'iltl :~~It--r). Undllin HOI.IOI'n Htl 1 "'OP"Hil ~rlll'itl ', .•• tn,lll ',ILillll ~i Hl'tloii '\'(lohi I,' 1I~lIl f~Ljlll ',Ii nni, tl(lj till Ili',i. I )i\'izlIl'tlll I-Il'nl'tli tlUPll pl'illl ipiul piLIIl{,III'ioil11 I (I~ pli('.li~ 'III IlIilll,PII gl'(ll\iIOl~ voohi, III 11'lirit~111'1l1i

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HIl pl',dlllll, tin JII gl'ut:i UPI'41I1I'0 111LI'tlllgll Jill' f:IlI\.III~il, nu tIIIIIOHI:lI\. IItllllwl.ii IIplIlliulil,ld,II' n K"t\t\iIOJ' I' IIi 'flU dul. HtHlIll It ell Oil co II \.1'i1H1 j Hill I H I'gtl HI lis LlI'i, J It J lIl'p,'oni It do j'''111110~ (',\Pl'cil.lll.ii do nd il'it~ii III gl'Ot:oK,l.i. /il.ru v ill H I-1pllH dl\Hpm I'ln: M:'IH/~'III!~" 'II01Ilplu/i nisus (Hi I!.UIIl od)j~,i 110 yoillpl,ul.pu PI'I\'olt~t.JI), .1 nr Plul.nrh I: I UII Hneol lI~:lilll'I~1I Illi Vit.ruviu, It JIIt\II~.ioIlUI,· co'I'ul: ~,ia jlll.illlti

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I:HtlI (Jvululil'i suhiecl.ivo; oi. )In ,huzii do, tHllmtil,' AnvHII\.t~ concrol.lzute In cpure I JlllIIU\,IOIlHB. elm, nun HHVllllLIl 1JOl'cc~io osto. Im~a uceuu u Iiuiilor LOIH'utH: d.l"lyto, mu:o la grecii vechi nu e,;.au ni?iodaLo. ~I'epLc. IVluchllle jongJ~ .tudinale dinIatada, anLIlohatulul, ale an~ablamenLulul etc., slnt curb~te -in ihJl Iel; melt pI'Oie~~la 101', aL~t pe un plunurizunbul, elL .!li··pc un J,)lali vn[,~oI~ul, filliL ]IJPO!~~ hole; eu alte : cuvinte, sin], hiporholoizl tic J'evolu~H: (curhe 'tln~I'I~Jul IV),Mni ntUIL dec!L uL1L: Hecsto curhuri \·oi!.., !lIlli, t~nrll mui I\tH\t~III·llnl,1\ dllll!l! pHI·" II{\(\IIIIIII' Plllltl'lI "tW (~HI'I\i\l.lI d"rOI'IIlIII'(!lI vizlInlii ri1.iIlIClg-ic~jl, lIc1itlli pPllLl'U 1~1l I i IIi Il Lnol'llLin c1I'Ollpl,i-i Kii 1',,6, '1111.1' '~~ I,; \'iil', dl'lIl! pl.~~. .I'l'ivit.ol'ld IIt~iIlI'OI'lIlIlI, 1111 vodn clndt. II 1'.1,,1111'11 1I'lIll1Hllf~I\, elm' pdvil.tH'lIl inluruuu. "vncln" ::i ourluu-ih-, ~:'Hm 1',011- l'twit Cldil'i{jilllui I'oll\wl. I;i JllOlllIlIlI~III.Ht 0 11I1I,1t d" "lclgall~,il., do di~Lille\,ie, clt~ gl':l~,in. EXC:PHld do elll'l)lll'll H .l'limaR lllllll.ll VI'OIUO nr-ex plicnl.. , , CIII'hlll~a 001'(101,0/11'0 IIIJ nt'a Hpli~~lIl.1i 1I1111111i liuiilnr, (\1 ~1 Hll]lI'ld'e\.nlcH" lln d.ulllj ell dpHilvll'~il'n pla!~ 1'1I1'o,di IlI'O II dOPI'III'\iIlIlO III llIijlon: ,~)CI ~1I~n"n, gl'''~(~11 vnnlll (:III\l~ I'ClIlHlIll dnl'OI:IIIIlI'nn IIpLI~:" 1)f'IIII.I'~1111 III ~c: hC~I~.dll~111t1i ~\.. A I Lit. 1\0 Lnge,II' In do eOl'(~d' II PH,I~o nOll II ,dnllll' II ~ III tllII ~~' II H .. JlPc~l.ivic:CI, ;\~II!lInllt:" ,1~OI'tl(\\.11 ',111 nplltlllil 1,\1 ~lnl."IIIIOI:. j\JlI.r,d,~ 'IIIII"'~ 111111'.1'11'\111 clll 1I~"1 Illld!.n I'IlIdlll:t, jltn~IIII' ·111 II lllllllllil.ii 'jlljil~.illH', 1'llIdlll'dt~ 1111 1111 11t~I'llIll~1 11,lIIlt11l1n• .( II i II ~. i III i 1(\ 1'11111111' i I II I' H II II, i III' gill t1 , Ii: \I' III II ',\:1 I n I '1 1\ d 1t

Jll'jVit,t1l'lIllJi do .inK H/i-i plll'li (·glllll: 1It1,!!,hiUI'It! flll'IH:II,(l 'do I'll zulo v i Z\ JIlin i ncirl uul.«, t:III'O j J It: ud Wit zli I'j lid III till K " ~i jOI:l, f'\lllli q~flIH. All, uxumplu: I) st.ntuio IJI ~iti:jllHl llJl 1 'POI'fWIWj, dnfil.jlllll,jI II I'i plIf:iI PI' un Irnnl.nu, lI'iviLIi dill fnl'lt (l81,0 )lUI' ~i siru plu diRgrll~,illnH/i, 11m' pURl III ICII:III pi

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Uupi\ (\UIII HI! pl'h~I'IHI/HI Ril .Hll'~'ol,lIzn HIIZ iln op1,it:", gl'oeH vuchi ~t.inll ~i All I~I'OOZO IlHcmWIIOIl illll',ii l ln uxruuplu uu I'CI II I, p!-llo pOl'l.il:ul (\11 doui'i ~il'lId do '.01011111\ 111 t\lIl'O l\oloflllt'11I rludului dill fil'lll.n Atilt. dn Ihil~(\i lIIui suhl.iri declt colo 010 rhulului dill fn\iI, pOllt 'U tl PllI'IHt I1J.{UJO ell I;de din fut·il, dill' umi rel.rns«, J11l1i dnpiirl.Hl,o de privil.or, q:Nl co (;I'ncu;I,ii o jmpl'nHio dn wJllJ(:ifJlf~, fi1cind sii creased urtiiioiul dimonsiunile reul ale erl ificiului.

.tn l'U~lJIIIUI., puncrnu lu pl'upol'~.io It opeJ'o.lIJ' du nrhil,r.eLuJ'a in Grocin cpocii clusico C!HLo Ull ndm iil'uL IIIJ,i~ r int = l11Ud ulnr« llInl.l'ieil, mrul IIIHI'O pro pOl'\,iollfl ii, it pro x ilillil'i I'PIIII'1i H illlpi'i'~H (~1'11I dtlll:', IIJIll.Utill 11 uul II 1111'11 Hi III III I.u III', III'H(:I'c!CII\ ~~(HlIlll'l.l'i(\n 1'lIll1Rit.n f:i fill (:0111:0" lIIil,!',,!, nil .',1\14111111.11 (C~OPII I~n dlll:1l III all.n Illl'(lxillliil'i), 1',OI't't,·tii Hln ddllJ'lllill'illll' opl.ic~" (I~OI'II l:tI (W{~t!II·.i'i IIbll\.lIl'i lin III 1101,nl" l'II1.IIII,1I1 n dill plIllnl'nll 111 jll'opClI'l·i I III'Hl'l'ill~ l.iHi-1) ulu., llll',i(, 1'111'0 lI1gil.illlti tlll·l'llbllI'OIl: 0; 1'(\ 11101111- 1I1olll.ein do llI'hit.ceLlJn\ ule gl'eeilol' vechi H vn. \1 ell mlnvi'\ rn I, 0 (11111t'1'0 111 PI'OIHI)'lio, H,lidi IH'OIII Il'l,i Hl.lIdilll,n f~i vnil.e, Hall iU'au dunr ruzultut.ul HiJllt,ului '1I'l.iHLit: III III'hiL(lut,ilol', (Hu'n IlI'CHIIi ~i t~(ll1lpllllC!llli Jihm' 1 MiMLlll'lI1 /I roBl, dlli'.lt'glll, "ilillill I-ltlladlJllloHI.I'II, J II I 1'11111 1111111' 11IilHIII'i'il.lIl'i 1I1.('nl.I\, l,rt\c~I.II/1l.o III Jll'illt~ipllltllu II 1111\111111111.11 dn Il1'hil.pol.lIl'ii 'In Olllll,ii, .,Ii II 111101' Al.tldii IIli~ 'iiloliHo I'll plllll',Inl,ji, IIl'lIilcln\ii I;li fll'ilPlclogii 1111 dllf~(\Opc·'iL t:ii 1.111, 1I1\1I~II, iuo x I.ril\lc!,il RIII'"1 .I" 1111'1,01111 ~,'i 11., P' lC\cl(lnn cll\

. IIIJIIOI'O 111 PI'OPCII't-il'I illnlwliv 1Ij11'IIXillliil'illl ~i Otll'tH:t,iilll -1't'Hl'tlul,j\'cl, 1111 ~111I1, ,"t'(~PVIl ciP(\lI. (I Jiltillli,,, I.'giliy.uru,

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. 1\(III1Puzit·in nusuruhlulu! (fig. M~), I~il, ~i c1ot.1I1 iln (rig. liD I,d f,O), 1111' t~lIl'blll'iln I1XI~llni\'ll 11111 liuiilur "dl't'I'I'I1" HIIlt. ~i 1'111, ill "II illlii Ulllllizii, I'"l'tililli cIlI IIl'il'l\ (dill'; 1'1.111.11 IllIdl. '1111 1IIIIdl'u) lilt! 1111111' 1II'II'Idil 11I1_~lIl'illlli'~(I, 1~11I'1l 11\1 IlIIlL

1l~II',4\"II, dlll'ii nuru ~In l,ll.i", .11·(:11. 1Ill1llil'l'Kl.jll'i O:I'IIIIIIII.I'i'\1I 1,,\~1. !lIn ~~t'(:ti\lllii tiP 11111',

A~I\.I'td, dul.lIl'il:i I':lpl.llilli I:ji 11I1,I'nugll /tl'lIi!., cl.urii gl'I1' OIHu\oii dill pl'l'itJlldn t~lm\ieli l':{lu 1l11l(.ll'lnUi ~i llllll'iglll'Hl.ii

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POJ'iondu dn npog(~tI It eull.urii gl'l~(~p~l.i I,' illt:,\'t~lIl., npl'I~,xiuuu.iv 'ill t-',\'4\ollil It! V,II~II t.o.u. nil :~I'I'I'dlll~ll." HIII\·pzn II uuni evnlut.ii do dOllii.II'liltlllii, pnl'iolldii 'ill wU'U IlUl!IlK\,i''t ,:11 ll, ul'i"i H-a lwi:; t,ld il',a L ~·~-i II HI' Ir i 1·,:1\1. lIl'li ,i II HI'I to 10 1'1 uKLinn, '111 liI.PI'ldlll'ii, 111 JIIIIZi('.il, '/11 ~Iiilltn pt,n,.~. ill 1'01'1110 (1111'41 lilt tl(JIIHI,il,lIit. unul dill I'"II(\I,!'-Io ouluunnul.« IIln niviliznl ini Hi iH-Lol'ini II 11111 lip, 111 HI\tdll~\i !ott't: .. 1 III \'-Inll l.n.u, 1,'IIIIIII;lii 11\'111'11 ill 111'11111 1111' 1IIIII111i Il'ni Hllj:o~n uh III'IJ(, ,'''/lfI.i/fI., l.illlP 'III nlll'u 1II',dll/~glq'ii dn III 1111.,1111, ','ll III suhiui t:li IIll1i 1111'.:-1 tI" III nl."IW,1\I 'llll.l'tlH,d plIll'lIlltllllll eull.urn] 1l:llIllIlIlllL do I.HII'HI.II I'" pOll I'll 111 illtlnlllllglll.1I1 Inl' 1,I'C'.l\IIi.. 1IlI' dllpii l:llt,ll'l'i"(\1I (:I't',~ini, l'Olllllllii 1111 1'1'11- lunt. ~j f1111'I'IIglii 1'"1,l'ill)llIIill (11111111'111 g'l'I'C:.

S bu\,111 lUI' Cll'gnlli~"l.tll'i(:, ~,il~lp!il'io"I,tll'!. !,!'Hcl io, It HiKI,o. llllll.JZlIl, Ltllll,'~'1l01IH\,t\ I'l'plurll'l ~I H pl'I1~lll"l. (HI IIW,IHltll 1111' uxpuusiunn iur poriUJiHLii, l'IHlLJ'u n prelucru ::~ silll.eLiz(~1 (~U ")'ofillnllllllll" 1'l'mIH·iiitl POPOlU'l.'JtU' lH\'JI Htl I till ('1, rumuuii nu nvnuu nici IH",t1iHp0l'.i~,in, nini 1,1 np. !)i 1111 UYuHlI nuri ell: BIHlJnll 1.illl!" puul.ru t~l'i tH'UlI 111 pormu- 11on\'I1' noupn\i ·1,li. pl'IHH111IHl\i dl~ Iwi euocriri. 'olil.iou 101' ilH(lOl'iuliFll.ll oX)lunHiolliHLtl H dol,nl'Jllillu Hil ~i euusnlitl111,n HWl'tHI 1101 Jloz.l~,ji, iUI' IletlUHUi OllJlHojidl 1'0 ui Iulu- 11',g:nHlI H-o l',w11 pl'in t~IIIIHloI'lIil'n", 111 l,ol'i1.ol'ii I' nuouril.«, d~ Hoi ~i nui (U'H~l\, d,upii l.ipiuul rumuu ."~ ',II l'tlIHpll\, j)ulaLo, l.eul.ru, urun«, tlll'lIlt! (~Le,,- dill' fii ii Jliei lIl) HllPI)l'l, ucouomio, ~HU miioru' tlllllwgr'ufio. Ae~ IlHLil Htlll'(l do Iucruri i-u dw; JI1 COJlsLJ'uiI'Oll <10 .oporo 10 urhitocturii monumontnln uarocum ,,1n serin", n~u 1r nil, au fOBI. nevoit.i, mai in!JIL suu mai puj.in, sii·~i "sLun Ul'lii1.CZC" COIlBLr'uei·iile. J\stf,d HI! 0.,\ "Ii(:ii Iupl.ul f:il p"jr)lll tl'utH\. d.o _Il,'hitecl,lH'j, mui in:'WIUIlIlI, HI Aut.ioliiLil\,ii, cloHLlIl d(l cumplnt PBJl\.J'U VI'CHlnn su, a fOf.iL' III un Ii rnmun :

Marcn» Vilrllvl.lIs Pol/iu (HPI:ollIl .1 1.0,11.) ~i oi' 01'1\ dUK1,ilJlul" d\ll't, IH1JH IIlHtI~i nulorul lui Ul'uli\ 111 n~l'u~'tl, lit, cinvinii lilt Imlruuun: III I\I'hil.nt~t,ilol' din eo 1illiO illilli J1ulllol'o~i, l'Il1l1izlll.UI'i ui 111101' odil'i!:ii JllOlitllIlllll,lIlo dill Oil hi co iuui JllIllHlI'OHHp,

Prin 1I1'J)HlI'n, uru uunnul elH ~i jllIllf\1'1I1l ill 111 opol'lill flil Jio ~i un HilllpliriOIlUi ~i JIl 1H1I'UUUl'O 1l1iiHUl'i"i 'l -Lnudnrdizul,o", ell tonL.n 1)1, .11lL.I'nllHH I.norio ruuuuul 'I HI',biLt!lli.urii fUHnS(l (ll'OlllHl'li d~, lu gl'Ot;l. J II ./J(! urrhi! r:11I./,(I, libri rlC(!(!1It (Co,l" i',O~',o di r] i tllIK pl'n u l' h i Luei,ul'i.) I Vi 1.1'11 v i II j'OlIlH(l~t.o Jill uuruni l'lll'lllillulngiu W'OII uii, pll 0111'0 u t?l Htu'.in 111 ~1'm\I\~~() (iHI' o111d. 0 HOI'in ill lIlLjll41H.1 I, 1'(lI'IIIIIJIl lul.in« Jill ~1111. dl'(:)I. I.I'Hlltllil.tll'H t,i l IId,illtl nlll \\1 \' llll,IlI0I' gl'ntJtl~l,i tJOJ'OHpUII~IiLOIll'lI: S.'IIHtlwll'ifl., (:ury/It uin oLe,), rlur Ai dllt:ll'ilill IIHI, .. t.il~ii ~1i t.lllrllicii III'hil.I'llIdll'lIll IVI'IH"tl~ll.i,

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Dill pi'lcul,(!, t.)PUI'Il lui Vihl'lIVill 1~III'O, I'iillil IIlIil:1I tin III:nIQ, t'nl l'lll1U1HiI rliu AIILif~hil,lIl.nH HI'I\I~O-f'OIUIIIII'i, I'l'nZilll.ii (I deoHehitii iJnpOI'l,nllVi j~LtH'ieo-d(l(\lIl1ltHlLnl'ji, IIlI IIi s-a l.r'uHl:lmlH [nl.r-u fOI'JIlii !f~nI'\.i', c:i 111 \'(~I':-;illili v:II'illl,,~, deosebn-ile dintre cJe Iiind inl.roduse, prohuhil, fjn voil. fie involuntar, de ciitrer direri~.ii copi~Li. JJe .ascmcnoa, desenele lui Vitruviu <J:.'l.~C ilustrau Iuornroa s-nu piordut in intregime, ~i au fo~\ I hconsLiLuite, Ina i mult sau mai putin ipototic, nhia in ~~~oca Renustorii, ~i nici 010 lntr-u rOl'lnii (lOI,t.li, ui 1" tlirn~:it.n illl,tll'llI'tlt.iil'i nit, uuui \.I'xL

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'nil IIdll\'iil'HI. 1111\'111 til', pndlllll, I'l'lIbabil do '111111111i t.ul. dn III I'1.I'tlKni .. III'dilllli dlll'ill 1':~t.tI 1I1/l:~Olllill, II 'dilllll 'Ullin 4fiQ,\\ l'Olllillill. inr 111'.lilllll t~nl'illl,in ~~i OI'dilll 1 OOIlII'41i'.il, 1:11111. dpl'i\'lI~ii IIln ur.Iiuului i.,llin (rig. ;)1).

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priu Illiil'ol,jn ~i uhiur Pl'illi,I'"1I PI'opCl~,titllllll'n 1',1~~'~~~I.ii, I!Hl.o 1'01\0, [iiud IipHiL.'l tin 14111'1111 till vlulii III c~cldll1l1lOl' gl'"elH~Li, III JlIOllllllwlIl.nl" dtl urhit.eot.urii rumnu« Htl ~illlLo UhHUJI t,n oJ'gulli(~il.i:i t i i.

Til eilldlllll~ot-ll.oi Lo.IHliu\,tl II IOl' Hpl'll Hilllplii'i(\lIl'1' ~,\i ~nhl\. mul.iznrn rnuumii HII 1110diril~nl, *i I\olllplnl.nl. Ill'tllllolo ·pI'olunlo" ~In In gJ'nei (do uxnmplu: uu (\t~lIl'm'il .. hl\~.ii (\OlIH\Jll~i dCll'im~), au I.wenl. tlou:-i ordiuo 1111.' (o~'dllll~l t.O~I:III1, IIlui siruplu ~i 1I11li suhru dmrll, enl dtu'm, ~I 01'(1111111 .c~tll.llp01.il., ; IlI.ui dIlOOI'lll. ~i' iuni 1Iloiil'I\Hl: dnc~lI. I~I'I ,I~III'IIII,IC:) ~i uu HI~"Zlllr I~olon 11111".1.111,111'01' urdiur.lur pn pll1cinHI,1l111 (fIWtllt.uLiVtI).IIlI' pllll{lI't~1l III jlI'OPfll'\.in It 1IIIHIII1I1(llll.IlluI' 1'lIllIallC~ It dOVllllilr IIlui ellillpl.,xii dl'C:it. .1\1'11 II 1~1I!1I11111n~~. 1,01111' uiviiil".n\,iil,w tlilillilll.oll 101', dll\.tll'lLi'i. II ""' IIIVt:"l-II, euro nvcu Hi'l Iuoii 0 olll'jnl'i't KI,l'liltwil.jI 111 IHI,w'w uruvur-

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.metricli q colonnei do HS(']))('.llna clil'pl'il.il, (:oIllJllil:it dn~LIII de mult '}HIJlUl'(!U 111 jll'OP()I't,it~. 1>1'01111'111:1, r-; 'I! ':()lllplwn~, inca §i mai mult iI~ perioad:l ~ueead~~,Jl~.el, e~nd aee:l~L.a decadenta s-a manifesl.at 81 m nrhi Leel.ul'll, ndmi ~Uldu-se ed'ificii trat.ato TlU nurnni lu dOll:'i nrrline disl.incl.e, dar §i In.Lroi ~i ohiur lr: PULI'II. AHIInl, do Jli,ldi~ ColiRlllil din Homa (Lorrniuul, jJL nnul 80 I!.II.) IH'I'zIIII.a f:OiOHlln tnsounn, innico .~i (lolllpoziLn f,:i pila~I.I'i nlll'illt.i,(:L Soillpa udoplllll.j·\ th~ l'IIJIII~ld \,\\111,1'11 "111.11,1 \,:11'1'1\ 111',1'1111'1 ,P",lIdl:"ln d.nHI,ul tlu 001111'1 wn 1.0 .I.,. plllll'l'll 111 PI'II pOI'tlll II I4IHL

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Acost. J)J'IH:I~H crl! 1,I'Hmfol'Jll;II'n su PI'OdUK 1',III1;UlIlit.WIL ell lupl.n dinl,I'u :~II~I, ill1tl.ol'ii ITiallgllilll ini rt/:t do 1,I'aditio IIl1lridilllllllli 1,Ii t"'i "i I rilll1~',Idnt i"i H;'~ till 1'l'lIdi ill IHII'tlil1ii. 'I'J't~nlq'''1I dn I.'l ,',it/nl-ill 11l1I:,i\,iI plIl'l.nlll,ji II I' Hllllllit:IIJlli III Iltllwlfd.1I1 1'0:'111111. III g(ll,it~lIll1i Il 1'1'l'lItiH ',Ii ,1'11\'III'il',ul. 1,II1.odal.ii ~i 1.I'IIdill\:I 1I:~1:1'11:~illllld:i, 1'lll1lizllhil, ruui I II} I II'

prin 1.I'iIlJlglIl:t~,ill njr'l. 1:1ITIIH II iC:1I I nl'q HIWt:nKo III ilI'Jiil,nl:I.lIl'ii gl'I'IIO-I'OtlIIlIW, nil I'll !in iIlH(~I'ill Hl'gllllill II plliHllj II I IJludilnl'HIIIHIII, plnl,~ iul.ins, 1I1111'il im, uu ul'i'IIII\.1I1 IHl'g d,PHnhiK, illl:lldl'llltlll·~~t' 11:-:11'.,1 ill IllIlhilllltn III l.uru Iii u surlului, PI'jlll,I'oll IlliHI,il~ii 1II'IIil-(~dlll'ldii " 01'1"'11111'111"'111" lu l.im p I:P got.ic!tI l.irulun :->1'1'1\ \,(~I'\.il:illil aLp, su ) illrllll~lItn 11IIHli 11111 i i 1lt:lIlljll I'll I I II' 1101'.1 it:.

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l'OllWIlO cu <:0111 ol'illlll.nlo H-u 1'lIl1lizu\. ill IIIHdid 4:1'1 IIlIIi p.I'CIf(IIUIl1, 111 "1'hi\.pc~I,III'1I l,li:l,nlllinii, IIwi 1114'11111 111'1'10111111 ell do 1ncHlpllL, Hdit:ii jlll(~dilll, til 'I II' l~iltltH'('a 11I11'(,I'illllii Ilnmnu dn Apu:i. rvllli L1l'zill, plll'l.i(~iplll"~1l 1'0111111111 'in IH~tlIlH"" 111'11it'H~l.\II'n It Htln~,"I., inr (\HI'II(\\.III'nl" OI'i''1d,1I111 1111 HpOl'ilJI 'I'oLutluLil, tHlilnOlllit.nllL ell t1i:;p"l'i\in IIdlit.t'I:l.lIl'ii runumu 111 A 1)lIH, suh pem.;illllnn l'oPO:ll',dOI' 11Iigl'n\.tllIl'n (11 It It,uHP'h i II Ll'ihlll'ilol' 1(111'1111111 il\I'), nrhi 1,1,(\1.111'11 h ii'.JllIl.i lIil

1\ rurlint plll.tll'llit~ 1,Ii '111' It:III'OplI IInl:idl'Il\.:lill, .

Mnuumoutul ouiliwi f\mllllil'illlll,iv 1I1111\1'illlldpi tin III1~nlllll. Il III'hil.(t~l.lIl'ii Ili('.;lIll.illl~ II 1'11.;1. l~:tli tll'lll., :-.flllill >;IJl'i,'l dill COli ~ 1.1111 t i 1\ 0 II 01 (III', i: II I' i III', j lin I n IIIf J:': I :III 'I ~ t1 i 11 1 ~: 1 i I 11 1 11111), c~om~II,tli\.il ill Ht't~(liid III \' 111'11 1',11. Sl'l'.l, i'lIll'n I I

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II' n 11:-; v 4' I' ~~ III : i ( ,. i g • !,';) n III 1 1 11 I'~: I ,I' , 1'1' i 11 ( \ 111'1 11\ 1 ,i n III i :.;1' " - I'ic:ii, tin HI'I\\illlll'n 1.rIlIIH\'I'I'Hlliii 1\ 1'<lIlI.POlltl! Ii dill HOIIIII, nlll:1l 1\(' PUII!.ll 1\llIll'il'lIl1l rip i1l1'1tW1I1,1I 1'(111111111 111 BizlIlI\.!

rio illl'lllt'litu (lI'i4111\.lIili III IlClIIIU, rio IlIlItudt iPII\.lIl.Il, Ho- 1111 t'd, 111 1\11/,,111 tlll\'PtiI'll I"j ~.I'ill\.11 Sol'iu, "'Ilikn\ii Killt. olilluKnll~i: AIlI,PllliIiK dill Tl'nlt't~ ~i IHidol' d"1l Miltlt., d(1d

ruuhului tll'igilllll'i dill "Hill ~Ii(ii" I dl lIil ni uui du\,i\ I. t \ 1'111 i 11111'< I II 01 II I H I n h : ~ i" i, n II p tJ 11\ I' r i jlt: i l' 1\ I i I ,\ -It ]I rlil )I H~ I L , ill 111'11111 uuui ,:111,1'1'111111' dll pillldlll., f,li H r 'HI. nfilnlll.it, ,\11 111 it'.i 1110.1 ir il:ji I'i r nl,li d II ('t~1I i IIi ~ inlii, cli' (~jd.l'(l II~idlll' dill ~Iill~l. 1:1,1 'I'iuiu-, :11 Ll'l'ill'll IIl'ililt'ul, oriulllIl.

(:"polll I'l'illuip"lii Nilllilolil',t!III',11 1,Ii nioi, 111 ruul (lvidtlll!., 011 ~,Ii III PIlIILt!Olllli dill 1\1111111, (:I'I,tll. 1)1\1', K 11'\\ dl!o:~ .. hil'(1

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see~,iulloa JOllgil,udillalil H cdilioiului (fig-. r,7) pl'(~zillt.i\ tlloi-i dt)Ilj-i lI1'llIi IHIPHli\ (l~rlll'IIII'i dll td'pl'i't) •• 11' IU1PPllt,Ii I'Hi',i"i (~Il ~i ell poln pl'illniJlillli. I,I plun II pl\n~, pP'II,1't1 (ll'illlH clllLi'i III IlonllHl.ii H4\/lI'ii, 1',I'lIta'lI gl'4~1'4\ji,

ell l.uul,« (:il plnuul III' riKlIgtll'lIt. IIIl1i d('gl'lIhii IlIlpill'~,il'on uuroului jll B nail 'II J:J, 1:111'0111 l'I'illnil'"li'i IIl't\ /,0 I'nI'nRt.m, 4!4HlH no t1t1 pon!.,,· tlxplinll !'in pl'ill illl'hlPlltn l'olllnlli1 - lnl.ruoll, nunnnii urnu pnl'l,ii,lll1i cOllvjll~i ai t-:iHl.lHllului ~JO(}iIlLUI.' (r.: ?< :1 () ~.~.! II.U), rin pri \I. jlll'luontn gJ'(~I~I:Il~t\ii r'_

. ~1't.H;ii !'i.illtl juoii oJn11~duti d., pnll\'II~I'11I1l1l l'il,ngol'Pinil (2i X f) ~:: 1 0 ~i H X ~, '::'.: IlO). Su (l1'l~1I pont.n ill};ii en 4:Pln 'll) do f(ll'llH\.I'n 111.ll'in Hic'j IlXjlI'PHill 1I1111i HilllhtlliHl1I 4:1't'~l.ill, • 1olH.Il'tll';O '111 II~YlIlIghtllij 1I\1l1llil'III/IO 11'"I'tl do 1I1ui 1111111.0

III'i, (:II! dil\:I'iLn 1I1,.·lJlllil'il:II\.ii IniKlil~l'. .

11l1.1'o unvn 1:41111.,'lIlii '~i IIl1vldn (\olnll'l'IIlo Kn nflil. III

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IIi \,0111) J plll'lloHnlii III.lHIIUllli, 4111,0 nilll~.i l~tlll1l'i dll 'l:l,20 III

JlliJl\.jlll(\, illl' dnm~t1pl'" 101', Iqll'lIl'"I(1l1l'ii, nUn H.Il(lLII gollll'i clll BII:~ III ·llIi'd~,ill\41. I '1~IIHIIPI'H (1II1IlC11'C'i nil in"l~ii 1111 I im-

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.'. . til 11\ i I II I' 111'1: n 1111' III r I ,/1 ~ 111111: til, i IIII' d n 1\ H "111' , I' II I'll (II' \.111 \I i. iur dtH\l-H'III'a lor (:illl~i rl'I'1~KI.I'I' do :t,til 1'111\ III r.,'12 III :. ·,.1I1i)l\.illll~ (illiiltilllt'H lUI' difpl'il.il nind ,iw;! :fil IIl.i\ tlll 1t1'\'Hill JIl4.H1dl'j-il'ii 10)' ill HPmlt:l'I'(\\l1 l.impunului], 11/\ hnzn t.im'. JlIIII\lllI.i HII Ilrlll H,~\I'I.t\ Cltlllil,1\ ell' :2/I() iuluiil] 11111. (:010 dutlli . KllIlli·t\\lPllhl Hill\.· ~~Ll'jiJlIIII~I4I d" rt'I'll~I,I'11 till ,fiO III. 1I1j'd~ lilllll. HllZII,llii UKI fl,1 pl'llgl'4'~~ia gl'Olllul.l'.i(: I J2,20: o,J~I: : ;,/12: :~,IU.: ~~/d): 1,IiO 1l11:1I I'nl,ill :~/;t, Anl\l' l~i I'nti,\ 11)1111'11

.~i ill lu'CI~n'H.iH gl·tlllltd,l'inii '1I,j2~-I: 7,!,u: [',P l m, 111'111.11111.:\ 111 1\(110 oillni 11111\ i 111.il:i ill loruui do OOI1(:il "I'ni nln PI'IInnusului ~i clOllil IIln 1I11.11I'lIll1i, \'Olllllll··n,ill IIlHlwln ~netjtllli nln IHlifi,:illllii (rig. ~)(i ~i :J'i), II pHI' (l1I:n 111 Pl'opol'\-i41 d, II II Ii Ann ~, i III 1 p II d P 11111' r) i d \I ]I i"i L I' i 1111 g It i" III i 'l'i I JI (\ II , umhele IIlPlolin fi i nrl dn triad i I"in W'lwei', ;\ ~l1dllr'l 1''' vOI'Li(~ahi, H,'hit."I:Pi 1111 IIKIH:iaL () 1'111101'1' lit PI'OJlCtl'~,ill n vuluuu-lnr prill (l1'flc:pdnn gPI)HH~LI'inn, (II 1)l1.I1I~I·nll 111 PI'tlIHII'tin Jl (1,14~lItnlll .• dol' ~i dtd,lIliilol' II -iu ' III'ol~pdnlll HI'it,rtwl.ie HI l'it.llItil'il 4:11 njul urul lI110l' ~il' ui l'm:III'OIiI;I~.

Tn 1'11111, ill tllIlIl.I'11 clUlllillii plill'(l1.1I1, ill)lllft dtl 1\\11'41111 Hl'm'lni"i IH~ puurluul.i v i, inr ill la,IIIIt·lp tit! plf II dill t~ol\\lI'i, dilll)l'II'(l\n lid.fll'/Iin 1I11I1'.I'III:ii Hi dill 1l1lJ't.W f:(II'pg'ilHI\ALn

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Ll'illllghilil tltdlilllt.I1I'1I1 (rig. !.:~). AH,:tcllll', 'ten~\I, ntlil'inill

111011111114'111111, OIlI'III~I.l'l'i~:l.il\ 111'111.1'11 1I1'IIil.nni 11'1\ hi:l,IUll,illil, 1'lllIlIn~l.o nUllllllt·ln dn 1'1I111'1'C' III PI'1I1'1I t·in (\01" mui vnriul.«, ennll on 4'!-tt.t! "PI'I'''l:!, 1':\ pliunhil, d ,Ut Iiiiul u*nzur'cHI :-In ~l'ogl'l\ri(:It, III l'iiHpill!.ia mui 111111 01' civilizntii.

J II fi4~nlllt)ln 1I.l'lliill.olll'P, Ill'hit,pn\,lIl'lI h iZ1l1l1.i Iii II 11\'0111111" diu punul.ul i dn V4'dnl'O III ]HIIWI'ii III pro IlIl'tiO ... f\pl'O (I Hpol'il'tl IW'j IHa·tlll,ii ~i III tiKi \'il II sim hnl ismulu i ,,11111\(\11\.11101',

jllHl'il'UL l}i ItlglIL tin dllgllllll.ic:u 1,li lil.lIl'ghi (',nq~\.illil .

U ~ , II ~ 4.' lilt! III) II, 111 114 : t III f-\ I· iii II 'I' i 1111 II i l ( K 4 II ~ 1114 1 n . V ' ,.,. X V), Bn',11 11\.11 I n dll\'l'lIit. (:011 Ililli /11111'1,1 1'"I.t'1'1 (llIliLiuii dill

EIII'OP", H~n 1111:11" 'lelH!.ii 1\11 11l1,1'4'1I~1I lui uu 1.111'11, Ill'hil,(I(\" 1,111'/1 lui, iunlusiv 1I11'1,oduln 4~i 411' pllllnJ'O 111 PI'OI'OI'\,jl\t

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_,_ S))I'O VI!H\" Iltl t.1~l'il,ol'ilil l'oHl.llll1i IlIqll~I'ili l lu ruuu .In /\pUR, lIndo UdJllil'lIllIlj\i u'l,i,111 lt.nlin , 1IIII1I1'I'IlII}\" (ltlil"i(~ii hizuutiu«, on lin I'ildii: 't:all~cll'lllll ~I'lll1.HI l\liln:11 (SIIII Ml1l'oo) do III VIlIIP~,iHI I 1101' II il 111.111 lui 'I'l'udtll'in ell' III HUV'lIl1l.a 01,0.1 lit SUII Murc«, III1VIl 1\1'11i,l'lIiii 111'11 lit) III lunp,illH" inr l,l'nnfltlp\.lll Ilg III IlIlIgilllll; 1I!.i1. unvu nPIIt.t·allt, ell. ~i 1,I'uuHnpl."luli 'I:.~ III lill,.illin ~i :10 III ·illiiqilill'. APUl'li doci lilt mudul do (; III. II:nl.I' 4',lIl'io:1 t~;i 111'.1'1',1, mudul 80 ox 1)I'j III Ii in nictri 11l1.1'1'~,I:i.

,.:_ SJ)J'o 1101',1, hi OII1~1.lIl.dn 1'\I}l1.! (1IIIIIli!,,, ~}i "nIlKii" ~,;I reunite. 1I1ui t1~'ziu lntr-uu illlpul'ilJ I'll:'; coul.ruliznl.), uncle a oat nastere unui 'sl.il ru-hitecl.urnl local, Gil eHI'Uetcristici hine rnarcal.e, ;:

- Spro nord-vest, udj'~f~ ill p(!lIin:';IlI:1 HalnaiJj(~;'I, 1II1d(~ de uscmoncn aerent, iil eolahor'aJ'o ell :111.1\ jlll'lll(~II\'I!, clLovu sl.iluri urhitecl.uralu 'jo(:llln, dilll.n: (::t1'4~ c:pl ruui nxproalv ~i mni hino (10I)t,1II'ul., IILil. PI' linin tnltllidl, nit. f}i dill punotul do vudcru HI'LIHl.in, n fo:-:\. ul.ilul I'tlllli\JJose, cu l:ulo (10\111 l\\lbi~l.illll'i !d,~ :·\ld,,: ntilul rl iu TUl'rI J.\olllftIlOI.l8l:il ~i st.ilul IIIOldOVUllt'Kn, (] II l\lIll~l.illll run: tl~ IWS~} }li,n TI'uHHjtvnll'I1,~I:I1Il11Il\,n h\I'.1I II I.illii .. HI., rOH!'!.I!

pUllCJU).· : :

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'l'olldill~,a nunlului Hpl'lI ·\:In'I,il:aliLal.n a (',lllltli'l:lI\. II nuuiiJUHl.lU'(\ ptll,tdolii. ill "pw; ~i 111 HiiHiil'it.. 1)11 pii (HIIIl I" Apws 1'()lIIl11liglil II IIvoll"II, Hpl'll j';ol.in, dilld Jlllt,\!.nl'o IlIlli 1111.1; 1.III'III"'ilol' I~i IIpoi 1';IIII,lnlol', 1.111. 11:111',·1 1,liill Hiiniirit., HI,illl) ",il',lIlIl.ill, ,1'1'111\~"d ,fI).:'I'11 "'.11'.1, I~ 1~1'1·1I1. 1.llrll'~II' ~~i ",l"lli III" u 1.1 I 11111 g 11111 ~'I It 'I C /., II I' ~ ;111111111 t " III I II /I ,~t1 d III, 'III 1111, II 1.1' 11111 ~

glllH~,illi reI II It gtll,wlIll'i" LIlI. IIH 1.1'" 1 !,IIIII/I'nll III !,I'opot'tin bizlIlIl.illii II LI'l.H:III, 111 H~It-lill (~\I pl'iol'il ;1\ i W"I:I'II:\jllllldl', ~ i 111 C ~(d., dill 111 I 111 i I II . ( : 1'1 ~ nl, II I, I' i II II g 11111 \ i I' ~ \ I H ,,', i I' i, ~ II ,

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l'I\IiHiOIlHt\ dill 1:1111'/,111,1,11\ 1'lIl-Il't~l.i IIlI'di""I\II',

EHLu illLlll'llHlllIL l'llpLul dl 1U:1~IIHI,i, t.l'illllgtllll\ it' Hpl',~il'it',i' Jill. JltIli HI'n IIIIVOio Hi\ nil I~rlllt."t.ii dn dll.l'n :-;p",~inli~l.i~ ])I'i 11 eOrlsl.l'lw\,ii f,!;l'nl'ien sun priu 1:1\11\\11", l',i Hili'll ill odliul Ol'ielil'ui privii.or, din pl'ilUtll 11101111\111., fiilH! dPHPllul.,"i III spa~,iu de tuclinarou upnJOI' aeop(~I'i~ul'iIOl' l.u..1nlol', 1',1\ lii prin siluel.a gcneralu. Mai mull. dueiL aUI: t.riunghiul isoscel cu unghiul de 32°39' in v lrI nst.c 1l1l(J,ol'i J'I'OdlllllilL ~i prezenLat in mod ennoret de uuLrB (lI'hitr.eL; pn fa~,tl(I,~, eu do l,ildii la uaLcdl'ula SfjnLul Vusi!« Blnjllllilii din Moscova, undo apul'e po uncle l.urlu, In mod I'PPI~l,lIl. ~i obHlH~iv (Ill pnlll'tI 1'l'giHl,I'tl dirpl'il.n), suh fOl'llln tiP ol'.l\i~p

duotll'u!..i\,n l,I'illllghiulnl'n (l'il-!:. ~I~l).

Trocoren do la hiaericu hi1.ulI\,jlli\ ell 1:11 polu snu 1:0 eupole, Hidl turlu, III hiHPl'jCIl l'II!:1i', 1\11 1,1Ir1 .. HUt till tllglln illLn, "H1 fi'lOll\" hilll\'ll1'\pIIlK, !,I'npL"I., Iwin 1'01'1111' illl.c'I'IIH~diUl'n - LonLo l'ol'llwlo int.m'III1Hlilll'tl riillli Illlllllltl'l~ nil!

hUll il ici ~'i, ~i all U 1110 '1 : J'2, 1::1, I' J'i, J : '2 J:l.. (11'1' I,n II \-1I JlC\lipHil,i''t a oItHIWII\',lI4 III'iLI\w.t.i(~ Ji 1l',t~HI.li II duhlii

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o cUI'llc\'m'jKl.ini"i PI'UgIUl11Ji'\i " Hl'hil.(~nt.lIl'ii 1'111111 lIwclinvlllH nflLn ni"d)C)liHlUul, pl'tllllnL' dn III hiznui.iui ~i nxntlCwhnl. Hid pll1ii III ull.iiuu HH t\XIH'llHin. 111 hiKI1I'inil" 1'1IHn IIl1'dinV'uln, rim~lll'(! ,d OJiUl 11.1. nl ec'wplIi',i\.ipj Hl'hi\.Pld,lIl'uln (VOIIlIll, dnHlI!II.I, e1., plun 01.0.), 011. .I)i nnt~III't\ tl,,(,uliu nl'hil.pol.ul'ld HaIL decorntiv, (1:\ I.l1I'iOl' HUll ilLl.(lI'iOI', 111'11 ",,,101l1'0 suuholieil, )lill'I,ioipll1c1, IlHl.rd, pll 01110 gc~lIl11tll'l'i(:i\ Hnu uritIIlOlici:i, lu IHlIlCl'cn 1n pl.'opol'\,io.

[rrpunoreu tIL PI'opol'\.je a lHOIIIIIHOII\.olol' 1II'.hil.t11:\'UI'1l10 ale cnezal.elor ruse mcdievale IllCl'iLiI a Ii I1wn\,ioll.uUi abssnta aproape tot'ala a Lriangulu~iei bazate pc JlU-

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c. TUl'ile ',itOJHano

1)1Ipri nih) 1~I.ill', pl'(lhllll~~r:I PIIIl:II'ii it,t P!'tlIJlII'tin H,IIHltllI~ IIwlIl..dol' till "1'1"I,t~d,UI'u i'011i II 111'1.11,1 d III 1'11111',/1 1'"Hlllln IIlI /I 1'01'\1, 1l1tli'l HI.llciilll.ij IIk.indlll,ii. (1'1'1I\.1'1t T"1'1l HOIllli- 11I!fltmi, t~iMoltioVII, ,,4'IICII,11I l't'lIdIlIJtH 'I WHIIIIII Ilii IIpl'lIxi· mnl.iv HI'(~l)ltdll ,;\1·, XVI.) IIIlIlHI'IIWIIt',n ~~t."dill OHm Ill' IH't!HUl'tlllll ll1ci4'llIllgi ,*i IIligiilomll' 1IIIII'iil'i tip(,l~inill (l'nIIWl!tl, IlliiHlIl'iil.ol'i, HI.I~I,ii·d,i(:i t:OIllPIII'IlLiVIl ('\.1:.) --:' I~i H~1.0llpUi' 111f\tl om'l\lll.iit.m·11I ~i illl.OC:llIil.ol'ul. IIIt\Pl'niilll Lol,u~i sii snhi~,alll, 'ill eolo Ull 1I1'IIl0lli'oii, I~Hl'anl'I'l'i~l,it:iln lH'jll(jjpIIlo flln I'l'ohll\lImi, n:~a IlIIlll minI{ 4'10 dill t.l'I~C',C·I'111l

111 l'nviHIJl a dnLedol' diKPOllihil1l lH.ll.lii',i.

'J II TIII'1t llolulllllllulnii (ullin;i: MIIIII,l'liin ~i "ll.l'lIill), tlllio dilll,'li 111011111111\111.., d1! IIl'iti\.4'1lt.III'j·j "i"irll.l'ul,n dul.l'uzii dill 41 pOOll 1111)11I)t II, 11111 i i 111'11111 B til i hi 1',11111, i 111)- I udnllll inn, IIponii 111 tlUrn st.ilul I'tI1I1IIIU~Ktl 1111 1\11 1:I'i~ll.lllil'./l:·ln 'Ilinii I'll duplill. lin uxumplu "H\'e" hiHPI'i~~n Sill N inn"I'" cltl 1I11gii CUI't,tHl tin AI'gt\~, dn II.l :I'II'It'~it,lIl H(!llollilui III X l l l-Inn

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vnlodi Ii vi, ndioli p~~ 11~II',H idllii tin pid,I'IIl., IH·~Ht.IHIUl'll t-10 1uul\,il :t:Ul'ulil t.UIUhllnli 1.1It'1l1i ~i OllliKI'I\I'1I 11:IlPIIII'I, ~_._ dHvndil oli HiKl.c'llllllk(,I\IH'41 pnl'll.n piH,I'lll.", BpIIOUI, till Illii do Hili, dill Exl,.'tlJ)\ul ()!,IUIiI. 1'11Ii'l In Humn, III t:nlll nllli vlI'I'iul.u I'nligii, PPUl-I'\! JlllIlIll'411l [u Pl'opllI,t,ill III~dil'itliillll' 1't)ligiollKIl JIIOllllmlull.ulll, j~i ~iiHt'~l.n III '['uru UOlllllnouscii, in epucu l'uutlall:ii 0 rl~I'il:il.ii ~i ill~I\llillll:-\ii illlhjlllll'C' cu crucou gl'l\lloii, simbulul CI·II4:ii.

Uneori, orucea greaell so rCjJnLii ln cudru] audlliH~i JTlOJlunUHl L, en de pi Id~i lu .1, i!:lul'j(;a di II SHUgO v (rig. (j I), undo up-In doui1 cruui gJ'(~nn?Lj (unu II rlO/IHIIIII i ~i ef~alull.ll u lH'ollao~uluj) sln], libiLIJl'aLo. Mui rnull.: ill ruijlooul cuhului Iorrnal. do cruceu gn~aeii (inclus! v (~(dulolo dB (:01\,) I'll' IIl'1il un nll. pill.l'ul" I'01'lllill, (In ca,i 1'11\.1'11 HI,ilpi ui 1lIII'(\lllui, Jill' lIC:tl~L p:H,I'1I1. 1\1'11\.1'111 t~1' 1'1' pI'! ii ~IIII 1'I'IIIIllIIK, 1.1, ~lil.l'lIpolill V(llIhn dill 'J"il'g'o\'ir~LI! HI' 1·I'gii!lfl~l.n n,~t'l'll~i HClItI~.io, till d'~U:1d,il't.~1I oi"i IIj(\j '1111.1'1' ladll dOli;, tll'lIlli M'j'tH\I",II,j .. 111111 It IIIHlHltllIi fli 1l11.1I n 111I1'I,IIXlIllli··· ('HI,., ill\,I'I'lllllnl,ii I)

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.', HIlIl ehiul' dll hlll~i l',ililltlt'il~(l, ':111'0 fuo [,I', ~PI't:1I In ubsiIIl\ln 1111111,,,111 i f~i III /I hKidldn 11\ 1,1'1'111., IIII' r /l1I~11l11i i. liiHIII'io'll Sl.plt'll dill 'I'jl'gll\'i~Lp, ill nl'ItI'ii lin mdo dnult ollpolo pl'illejl'llln (II 1I1111HIIIIIl ~i II PI'OIHlI rlui], Illlli urn Illoli dnllii ellpnlll Kl'lIl'intl ulnl.urnl«, 111 \,j lUi, 1l~1l 1111111. tllt\llH1l1l.lIl ~t(:111'1l I'IIHI'1l I'hl.I'lIl," 'IP'II'(\ Ilil i 111 I.ot,nl do p"I.I'tl uri.

Jlwnpilld dill Hl'l\ollil III X V~lnll, 1'1l~.lId 0111 hi~I'I'jllilOl' IlwdioVlllp dill. T/lI'1I HIIIIII'IIII'W41:ii Hill!. 11111' ,til.1I do ohil:ni ill douil l'pgixl,I'P, HI\jIlIl'IILn priIlLI',-11I1 Ill' II, 1:111'0 111111'elu~a~ii ill (on I.Pl'iol' uivolul IHl~I'I'l'ji Jwl\.jlll'. Cnlo douh t"'f!giHl.m Hillt ill g'~III~I'1I1 dl! illiilt,illlf! f~gllb 111 filii!. dill'

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r'ndlll:o v izuu] (II !,II rClII I,) llli'ill-illlnll l'ogiHLI tllli Hr'IWI:io,'

lI~a illOil, I'II~ IIIHII' vl~d .• ~I'ii (ill j'iilld 111 1'111'01 ,11.1 'I: s. '

III Mnltluva, Jll'inwln mnuumenle dl at'liil.pul.lIl'Lt pii~II'''11' dlll,IIIII',II, I'll ~i III 'I'llI'll It 11111 11111 II Ko;-i , dill Ktl~ 11111111 HI \ I V·II'II, oillci st.ilul 1'01111111.,1-111 IIlOldllvnllpHO 1111 (11'/1 ill"/I plI ciCll'lill nl'i'~llllizlll" 1111 dill ~bil'~"t, IIti llil1i illl'llIl'lIt-1l hizlIll\.illti !-I-II huhiuut. ell inf'luuu II onoidnlll,lIln (1'lIlll1lllinl' ~i IllIlt'IIKnhi I~ot.ino), \'(lllil.o pl'i I illl,t\I·.mudiuJ l\I'clPllh~hli ~i 1I1Ili IIIMI III POIOllii,i, I ln n~1I1I pili dn uuruumunl. dill I'I)OOIl dll llwnpuL U HI'hiLnutUI'.li. lIlotJl)vnlltl~l.i

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tlehillll.4H,t\1 (I'lg. (;:l). I

.til UillClll Iupl.ului 41ii il',\'uill'I,II' dp ilJl'IlIl'lI\ii lit! rOHI, dirtl~ "ii,\! IJi oii I}i 1\()lIciit,iil41 1}lillllll,il~" !,Ii 411, I,PI'4111 11\1 l'oRI, dil'OJ'il.o,I'I'O(',tIIHd tlvoltll.i;V III 1II'IIil.l't:i,tll'ii l'Ollll111t1~I,i II fOBt, IIII,I'U tol,tli Hilllillll' til ltulllt,tn I'l'illniplIl,(l, (11'1'11 lin lHJlH-It.iLuio (I IHllllifm-ll.HI'I' til "ittH 1II1I\I'IIIII,('l'lIll1i uuil.nr III p0I'O!,tallii 1'01111\11, "nlltl'll (1111'., Itnplll'lIt·ill pnlil,il~ii 1111 II 1\0 II LlIl, I ~H 1I ~ i 41 tI I'll t, i II pn p 11111 II lilt, III' III t} i 111'1, i Ii I. ill, Sl.ilul rum rllU~Hn 1l1OIdo\'(!JIPHe, lI~a-i'.iHIII "gol.in 11101110- venesc", :{o d ifm'lllll,iHZiJ dll sl.ilul 1'011\ iiIlPt,a: IIi II Tlll'lI Hom ancasca prin del.alii {anourh-umonl,u goLi4}o de u~i ~i Ierestre), prin prezenHt conLrarw'(,jlol' exl.()I'iol'i, prju ogiva "moldoveneascu"; (cu onntrele de trasuro Ioartu apropiate), prin hol\oiln :molclnvnnnf?Li ~i pI'ill po::; 1.11- mentele stelato ale turnburilor l.u rlulur. UJlnie hismioi moldovenesti modinvalo 3'1 plnnul mult nlungit, ill diroc\.in tltll,-V(IHI" inr 1.111'11,111 1111' nlul, IIll1i pllt ill 111I111II1'01i1-lt\ (lodl, 111 TllI'a nOlllrllWlH~nii, l'" uloelfl'i lipsiru] uhiur 1\1I

d t.~Hli \'h'l~il't!, . . :

111 Ardunl, ail.unl.iu t'~l.o dHtwiLii dt\I~111I dill 'I'llI'll HUlIlIlJlellHCii ~i diu I\1oldo·YIl. tllt,I'twil, ,\1'<1(\111111 H-H nf'lnt. dill Hilnollil u] X·lplI pill;'i 111 HPtw11l1 III XX ·lnll suh HI.iipJlIil't' f1tl'i"'tiuo, U1'hit.nd,ul'u l1I'dolellPllfwllll sHrlll'it, ~i nil ilirluOIl\-O occidoul.ule, ell nl.il. 1Il.1.1i: mull. nil ult. nici 0 plll'1.0 dill 1)tIIHJIH~,ie tH'U t\nl,otidi !lu:u pl'ol,m~I,lllll.ii. Do 11(\1'('11 illHll' ui(\i nl(~I\WHl.o rnmnuio«, 1 go\.i(~f', Hpoi l'OIHH-I(\tml.i!-lLn ~i ohilll' l"u'oc\o, '111 l,illlP 411,j'111 (\1'11-11111,1\ tl4Itlii ~ill'i 1'0111111111 IHII'BiIlLtltI iunii 1'01'111(1111 Ill;\llill\,llltl, 111.11. ill \'ill\-tl ttllllilllii, eil. ~i 111 ~II'hil,tlOl.tll'I'i. Pl'ill' 111'111111'0, 1'"III'1'1'1l 111 pl'lIpol,tin It 1110111111141111,0101' dn HI'lIi.Q'nl,lJl'li dill "l'tllllll dill pnl'iolldll nuul iOVH Iii tll'lIlt}ll1.1A mgul iltl H.i Pl't H\l~dtlllitl HI. ihu-ilor 111'11 j. tooLlJl'ulo l'nHpooLivn, ~i 1191,u~i, dlll,w'iUi "I\nlilillf~i IIIIit.iI\,i

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.. '.' 1I11 II 1IIi1 1111 II t. 0 x Id'n I II do i IILI' I'nKIlIII, 111 nil II !'t x Lui IluH 1,1'11

",p:;l.o Iupl.ul OIl fllt-lId,. IlIl.t~l'lIlii It uu«i l)i~ .riui iu KI,jI I'tlUlillUlHU dilllllll'iolldll r"Udlllii1(:1I tlll'lii H II 011 1,111'141, 1'It! illtH:I'in (J'Il·I'i\lIhaitin) 1111.1"1111 pid,l'ut. (rig, (j:t) .,_ rt'IIO~ uu.n no Illllilll,I'*Ln fin pill,l'u\.11 i lui \'il.l'livill, III t:nl'o 140 IIlHla'atl 0111111 uu hl'Htnln illl,illllll, Nil 114\ I'": I,ll ~\.i tlm:ll IIUPIlHI,jj IlIto(,udil IlJll'lIl11H~ gt'III~I':llii tin I'IIIU'I'P '11 pl'lll'lIl'~,i., II vuluruului hi~;I'I'it:ii III'I! 41 HI~lIll1il'il~lIti·tl I'li IIllC1Jiuii suu daCll 4~:;L(l pili' ~~i siruplu II I'('giliti d4! plllll'I'n i ., pl'tlp4lI'~,io,

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J : J~' snu J::I ,r~ sun I: s, ~lillilt! HPl'tI~itlliH'i I'u\-i, d,\ Itlll'lIRt.h I'PH"lil till l'I\~lIll1ii. ill Illlljol'il.lllnll t:IIZIII'ilol', In j "iiI \- i II In II \. II I. n HI H /I U II a I' \,j II III II cru (d i dill d rf I) I l. tI rI cd pl'illcipHlu. Ij~xo(~p~,ii d(l In J'tlgllli-i HIIII. hiHt'l'il\iltl ell plnu in~i\' din (:Ol11l1l1, (\11111 Ill' I'i 1: .. lp IIIOldIlVPII(\~t.j I'OH!'l.o a'ungite (Neum! .I'J'obol,H, Suc:nvHa), dUI' ~i III lIeI1Ht,., din urmii cazuri, J'pgu]a S~ 1'(~g~lKn~r.n dadi };n (~OIlHidflr';l volumul hisericii nu numai fill'it nhsid«, ei ~i fill'll. l.iudn

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MinusLil'jJo, lnrlnoseb i eeln mnldovenust.i, riind Hillplasal.e d n 0 b i (~4! i i II 1.(111 (~ HI,) HIl P j "n H 1111 ill I!lUII \ i, I' lit 11111 I (I J' d 0 nusiunlilu An udnpl,OIl1,;"i' ClOJlriglll'lllif'i ~i ro li .. Iului 1.f'I'('- 1I111l1i. Tnl,"~i. nt.uuni dlld Inl'l'liul 11I'I'llIill', IIdinil dlill/\ IIlitlihd,il'PIl (INtCI H~"i':aLH III I~PK.HHlI PI' 1111 plilioll, I,idul ell' illoint,illll'O elf' llliio(].i uu {.I'IIRPII ptd,I'u\. ((1\,: 1lIiIlIIHI,il'PII )) roh 0 I',ll).

d. Islam IIJ

J)1l III lIt~gil'li ((j:l:l 0.11.) .1111 LI'Pt:lIHt!I'li lIini tI HlI\'ii Ii" nui, ~i iHIHlqiHlllli1 Ht! ~i l'tiHpilldiHP po 1111 It'l'il,ol'ill (~\I,I'1l1l1 Ii(l VIlHI" OUI'II HO jlll,illtll\/.l dill IlJdllllOzill piuil 111 Spallin. 'I'(H'il.ol'~1l1 ltt:t~HI,lI t:upl'illth'll 1111 IIIIIIltil' In II I'll tin t·iil'i, 101l1lil .. dn 1111 1I11111ill' 1,Ii 1IIIIi 111111'1' dll JllljI"IlJ'P, l'it'tllll'P nil ""I,illiln ~i ol)illt1il1l'iltl ,llltlll. t:" IILIII~I'. III Jll'lIhlullllI WII'II lin illl,nl'nt:ll~lIzi'i Ilitli, 1I1\~WII II )lIIIIIU'iilli PI'opol't.ill II I'll iri~ I\iilol', III 111\1'1'11, illl,tll'\'ul lILli, ell' 140111'1, 1111 1'111 )lld.PII IIjllllgn III II 1lIIII.odoiogill tlllil,Ul'ii, nil!'!' Hi-, Nfl ,,11.oiIlHtlll l'" /It,ll. tlfl 111111\'11 truuchiur], ~i 111l~li 111.11. do vIII'j"I.I', lIJili 1:11 HnHIII,'j

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.: tlilll hoi iK11I 111111. 1"1 1111 rcd. /II'hi 1,I'c:l-lll'U ruu: 1I1111111l1i, . eu ~I,il 1111 f'!-~I ... !lini t'H IIlIil.III'il, ni C:1I110H~ln 1.1'1 i 1I1111'i divi· ~.ill;li (ul'uhtl, 'P"I'Kllliil, 11I1't~ii), I'lt'IHln; dill\.l'o I' P Kllhilliptil'~i\.i\ III rhulu! pi I II 11I1I1I(lI'tlIIKn~(ltlla Illou It,.

PI'ill 111'111111'1'. ('I'll l'il'j1l'{i: ~i iuo vit nhil nil, III -it'tllll'tl Ztll~tl iKI'\I"i~,H\.fl, udli'.! I~\ii l-tfi I~OIl\ illllP H~~i p\lllH ill PI'oIHII'\H\ IIdifiCliiln dupil lIi'olilltldn l!lnult'1 II~II illf',iI, 1II'''il.p41\.III''~ musulnuuui, pl'iviU\ III nus.uuhlul d',P"t'1;i,' I.!-I utdn 111111 vl1l'jul,t~ IIlPl utln dc' IHIII4'I'n i II PI'OJHII'~ III, d 114 1'11·11 III' III 0 \,111',1 iHlumil:tl In nll.n.

Si tut.usi ('~isl.ii Hi Ul\.I!\'1I Ll'tiKI'iI.IlI,j (:OllltllU, •

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r'(lligjoHso n!iLf~ (;11 tul.ul 11011, M~IHI:IH1elt, PI' /I 1--111(1(:.'1 1t:,,1 eu't.ului mnhomedun, JIll ~n uuu simtu III 11I,g-tri f~J llWI in plnllll,l huzjiieal,' nioi ill ef;J ill cruce gl'( a~;ll B~IU J'U~ lHllllll, CI 'U't! uuvutu ,. ... 11(,11111.:1 dlld nHI.(~ d,,; I,!llllla lllllli 1111 II HI I' mnre tin (~I'pilill(\io~i - dp () RlIlil lip 4:1111, 1II1if~il. IIt'f,pLlIll~hillllll'tI. IlPtliriZIlIiI. diKJllIHii /111 «t, (a'pH CHI m'l't~tli'.j"l lIui 1)I'oJlCtI'~ij 11111 1'I1I1I1I11Ii I}i IIlc' vulumulu]. J) UlIO pRill d 4'1-1\, ill" I i1 111111 i 1I11l1l ill' III in II II CH'{I( Ii l\(l i II ~ i, I1lmWIIf~C'H pOllIo 1'1I11(l~i(llitt ~i l'" plllll ell 111.1 III"

'Ill III doi It'll rhul, i III,t'l'tI i(~\ i" Lnl,lIlli ~i 1 It t.,'~~ol~i(li' 'I mul.ivolor l'i~lII'"lp H.i II 1:(1101' uuimulu In d~'c' lI'Il\,i":,, d,lIt-l III 0 dl'z\'oll,'II't! I'xt,I'lIw'dillltl'il It d('C:OI'lIll('. g'POllldl'Jt:O (lIl1f'OI·j HKoI:inUt ell mnl.ivn \'('t~pl.HI(~). \)1'1:0 IIl·in g'nOllltltl'ioli 1\I'IlhNltnil -- rill'it IIIH'I~dlo 111 iHl,lIl'ia III'hil,'H~\'lIl'ii tlllivf"I'HIlIt~II'I' t:('.'11 (:n pl'iv('~I.(l hog-ill·ill, IIfiinKI,I'ill ~i ing'tllliCli'.iLIILl'n ui ._ t~HI.n J'olw.;iLII ~i ill illl,t~I'if I' ~i ill ox 1,11- t'lol' ~. Hc\upl\rii I,IIHI,(\ HlIpl'nl·d·cdp, IIll1illl.ill4 till tllIVOI'ld

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lillnod, 1'0111'1,11 1'111', tliJ'i~I'IIHilllll'lI IIl1l1i nl"III41111. Itl'hil.c\4\~ 1.111'111 ~Il l't~PIlI,li tlli 111 U".II 411111111'"1.41, (\/1 1111 rid tin uuulul illl.l'illst\nt dnr I'IIPld,III'~!1I 1IC'l'iillti l~nIlIH'lIli1,1It.li, c~i dnru: npol'liclioii, I'n 1111 II 111Il II I, ~plll'n Hli rill Pl'otllll-l lIIui dllJf,I'lIhii do "II tIOIll'OI'I, IIl1lHI,(QHlltiil'ntil', dnllll. tlo 41 illl,llIll.in nom-

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Itnnastorna, epoen f·e(~I~Seopl,.'jl'ii A Ill,idlitiq.ii . , . Hntlp.fwoptH'jl'f'!u 11 uvul.l'loe tn l.oal.n dumeniile : filoHol'iu, ~t,i ill \.t! 10, I iI,m'lI 1,IlI'n, n 1.'1.1 dn pi 11K t.il\H ~i -- hi uulu \ n hili _. ll~'hil.lml'~II'a: JUI'!" IIl'jhiLm.:LlII'U, I{nlHl~l.ol'I~1I It pmlllul, (1111 AlIl.wlllt.ut.n ~I jll'I\(It\lIptll't'U pnul.ru PIIIII'I'tH,ill ))1'11'

pOl'~liH' U udiliuiilur, I

Ln 1l1eoplIl,1I1 Hm:ollllui' til X V-Inll, ClIlIHl,ll ul.iuupulu I HI'II llnamlill\,ul, Hi, cltldi'i 10 ;1II1illilll 1.II1'IIilol', 1:1'11" Ill' II tlol.l\I'minul, po rUlII'Lo JHlll\.h'l II Ldl'!cl.u II Ii hizuut.iui Hil Ho .. dugioi',n 111 HI,I'iiilllil,tll.l\, Ihl.I'lw1L Illlpl'l'illl Iliznnl.iu Ho Jlwi Illlll~Ha 1uoi, .l nuuuiul HOIIlIIIl do IU'iKiil'il" inr hizuul.iuii HII Hoeol.(lUu, I'III'IIIIIJ, ,"01, rumnui, I\pj ruui 1I1111ti ,'pfllgin\.i ~j-nu Olllll,ul, ndi1poHt. hi tHll'iLnlu JlI'jllllll'i'i u l uuuuiului HUIlIHII, ,ulioli lu I\tllll1" upoi ~,Ii 111 lIlI'll III'II!,III tllo lI..dic\i, Dupii c~iidlll'IIH COIII·d,,"il.illopolllllli ("I t.r,:l), uxurlul hi1,1111~ 1.loil')II H~1l jul,f)lIujJ'iulIl .• liUi:l.lllll.illii IIU UclllK 1:11 IIi 111 l l.nlin 1ntJ'ngul 1.01.HlU' do ~Ljil'ltil ~i gilldil'n ru 1Il1i IIi, I'llHlAI'il,OHlII.,

• mu'n ()I'U Iwi Il II x(~olulI.l,.ii gl'lWtHW, A HI.rIlI~ 1l01l1ll, un ~j l'oHtlll, Il.ulioi, IIl1dl~ 1'(~I,I(IHI:oIHlI,jl'(\1I !\ IIl.itlllil.i'itii 1n4:0p"Ht)

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III !llllll'l/d/l,llilld It rll:~1. dt't-:(\Olllll'it.ii ill hib i"l.t·I~H.lldlll'H~ t,il'ji dill St.. l~nll(l1l '0 (~lIl'i" IIlnllllKtll'i~ii /I ol'(IJ'tli Iui Vil.ru viu , I.tlt·i illt.I,I"I:i.lll1lii., I.oti lII'liiLpolii I.oti III'1.i~"ii plmd,it:i, dill II,ulilll,1i uhiur dill 111'111'11 1t.lllil'i, :Hl1II1:il'lHtLil, HfoIlIlH'1I IIi, 011 ~i 1111111 III' I'i I'o!!t. \'ol'hll d \ I) 110111,111,(\, V ii, I' II v i II /I i l' I} i I. 111.1111 n i dill II oil III H II II I' II II til, H I ,j I' II i II d un viu ; .. I,I\I'I'H '~"'II!""1. S-1I11 I:OIIi'II(:\-iolll I. 1IIIIUIII'OllBo 00 II i i till I' ;1 11111111 HI n I' i H (i II I' d II )Iii iuv 1111 \' i II I, i "III' ulu i , I u III i.i I (I (\ III IW tl It 111111 i III X V ·,1 P /I , II r., H L I,' i II I h li flU I.) , !'H III Kt~I'ix IllIlILPI'OIll-'n tJOlllnlll.HI'ii, illl' 1'l~gtJliln lurruulul.o tlCl Vil.ruviu uu illcnpul, I;ii-~j mill""o lJ1 .1 ppl.ul'i, dlJpii aLi1.pa secule efl: fl'lJ~I.I'Hm, d.uLol'ill.ii I'HlllllllillUluj ~~i gflLioului, Po haza numernlor PC!l'fC!Cl,ll ~j a eolOllllll.cl jruJjwJl·ii ale lui Vil.ruviu, s-nu IdaboJ'al. lI11IlIf~t'OmH~ alto HiHl.tllJlO, .:II 1,01.111 1I0i,' dll f'IJJH~I'Cl ill Pf'ol'oJ'l·io j, III,hil.nel,lu',i. CIHH:Op\.ill CWHllollIgidi ndllliHii dll Bi:-;nl!'(\il "iilIllisoHIl (\I~" Ilwciinvuili, dill' i Kn diidna lW1I111 II 1101 i\ cnlurnl.urii, Ilo Ill'il' 111,111"1' 1I1'1I.l'lnl,Ollit~i/lIlIl, lIIIIUlli~\'iit ~~I,ill\l, till ~i 1l,I'lIliitii uuuliovnli, 1\/1 ill O,,"CII IHi \'il.I'1i -iu, IH~ Jillgil 11l\'1I\·lItm'lI tll'hil,c'c:i.III'Hln, 4\111'0 J'(li',111111l II I' '/101,;0:'\ III'Ol'lI~ Hiollllil'i 1111111 illlill'lIl1l'ii, till Illlii II!-:Olllltll'lI ~i .nul'in pil,Ilg'III'illillllii II pl'npol,tiilol', ~,li HilllhllliHlIllI1 l\ZOlt'l'it" 111 1It1I1H1- 1'0)01',

PII III urijluuul KPt:olllilli 1I1 XV-\Illl, ;11'11',1.1'1:1.111 iLlllill1l l.ron. /{aflis/a. ""1('1'1/ (11'(11., '1/17'2) II II II, III IUluiltii

h 1111~I'III'I':I KII (~:t~l'iKil ill lilltilll 11I1,illll) l>e,., (/.('(/.i/'if'fI./ol'ia ~ (I)C~HI'I'(l pl'ohIIHIIl~'P C\OIlHLI'lwt,iillll'), III ell'll It nl'il'lHlIl. : Ilii ~,I~ld IHlli illljllll'l,tllIl. l'u(\I.1I1' pHI.cl 111}~I1t \,Ill'illllii~.ii ',Ii

Iltlnlll"llljtll'ii 11I(~"lll'ilol.'u ',Ii II 1'01'111111111, 111'01 :1i1.1I1.1I1l Oil, III ul'llil,t'nt.IlI'/I, ouiniu inl rrrln« angulo .... IWI',III.': lincis fUlft.(~IllIrtlJ(lo (1,01.111 Hi. fin pllf4 III 1:011(\01'11 1111 ~.ii I rill Ii IIi i p"I'U' 1(lIp dllHP dllpii 1I1111111il.n III1g-hilll'i). 1\1\ 'HI. Pl'ill(:ipill, 1'0111'1.1' ,iIlIPtll'I.lIl1l, ill 1I1111111'i" till plllll'l'(I III I'I'UPIII'l,jo,

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Arhitucl.ii renusoonl.ixli ~t.jall Crl JIUIlI4H'P!P 'I, 2, ;~, II, ill uare se.uxprinui OCLUVil, ov inl.a, cvarl.u ~i ncl.uvu SUIH~)~if)arii, 'slut. IlUn1('I'O "JIllizicale" ~i e;1 Pit.Hgo,~a (~xf)f,jmu surnu lur, adi0~1 JllUrU1.I'UJ "per'l'ecL" :JO, p"in vesl.il.ul lclra/cl//s (UH LI,juJJ~fhf4(:hilaLo,'a I, I'eal; jWt. d iu pa 11'u rlnduri i de puncte, a"6J' .d succcsiv :I, 2, :j,1 punctc, d« ~ 1I i 1111· I", i 1I1l1o! II i «I (\ h i I u J,~ I' III II u III t, III' /I ,I g' III it till II). _, ell! JI 1111 LI'C'nUHCH'ii' III Hplil':ill'PIi ill pl'IH',t.it~i'. II IIt~p:-;I,l'i irloi. Alhnl'l,j II pitH 111 Ipgld,lll'(i 11111111'1'1"0 II111Zin1\111 nil 111'01'01'. piln lIdtil.t'l:l.tII'It!t\, 1ll'il'Jllilld, ·ill 111111'111'1'11 HIl, nil t'dil'iniilo IHIAn ill pl'upw'\,in pn hUi',1t IWIl};I,OI' pnl.ru 11l11l11'1'" l.rnhuio ill IlICHl 1I('(:nKIl" Hli ,,1'("'11 lIuhililui "':Idt,"~i HIlt.iH!'III1\·ii I'Hl.t!l.inn l'" 1)11"41 IC'ornl';).lIl'pdlii 1.IIIII"'ill1 t~OI'cIHPIIlIZ'-iLo""1I 101', Do: ull.l«], l1edll~i !'Ulltd, df, vmlnl'n l-uu HIIH~ iuul. ~i uq.i 1IIII00'j "I'IIII!-\I:llllt.i~,lti, rill (:OIlI,C'IIII'OI'lIl1i nu .. \III4\I'l.i, :_., nil tin pildti -l ntouio .'11}(~,.ll:/I.(J (HUll .. 1 ncrulinoi, zi~ Fil((./'('II', fIltl'l(,\lIl. I'" lit :I/I()O (1111111 IIlol'tii lui 1111 pH1.1I t:l"IOHIlUI,), ill IHII'l.nll 111·'III\I'ill'ii Hull' 'l'/,(/.I/(/./o,tar,'hildlurtt ('1""11.111, dlllll'hil.lH:IIIII'il, IljliO 1/11,'1), riP mni 1.II'z,i, 011 /1'11. : "'/'{W.I·('S('O (;"()J'/~", III 1~I\I'illl'nll HII /)" hnrinoni«, nlIIU(/.': iotiu« (UI'HIII'II 1I1'IIHlllill II lIi\'t'I'HIl Iii), (II II fill I 1:,:IIt, I'I'U 14'1'11I11\1\~HlCI Cioq(i II; iul.ourui! 1111 l'IiPlII'l, dn fl\""I'~ Liz!'i I'.t'fol'il.ol' III It 1:IIIIIII,I'III1\,io II lui I)" Vi~~I1I1II1\ jill bll~,11

~ltll\WI'I'IIII' Illlli'.II~lill', IIlI' IIl'ilil,pnl,ul ~i /lUl.l l'it.ilPIIl nu .{lplienl, IH'IIP"IIPI'lip I\xpt'I'I,ului, III, Ml'lInl'll~ a tip. tlllptl ?i\ I hl'l'l,j, tll'hill"~\ ii u-uu 1'II11111K III III:tIKI,1\ 111111 1'1'11 HIIII pin, 'oi nil III I tlllg'1lI, ~i IIll.c\ il.'l,l'I·"ldll IIl1iZilllllll,(Hl't 1,111<111 Illlllli.~ . Iwolllldn 111111'1', 1.111'llt 1111011, (.'II'\.1l IIIIlI'P) ~I lilt 11It.I'lIduH ~I

: olllt! 1,1'1'1 I't.j\lI'.i lin III'tljllll,t,ii: HI'il,IIIt'I,iul', ~'I\UIIWI,,'itlll, .:. ''''lIlOlIil~(1 (cll'HOI'iHI' oillt! VII ~i tI" uilt.I'o 1'1111.011 III '/'1111('11),

r A,'hil.tH:t.lIl FI'U"Pt'Sf'O lli. (,'il)l',~io il/uI'I"lIo (I l;t~I·--H)ll:l), :t,iH (.'("'('(J~ tllll'4;1 PI'II ~i f.(1~1I1 P(.OI' ~i "ild,III', II "\ II (. itlpl'lI dn I~ I'P III \' ill 11111: 1'0 pu 11101'1' i}t \I Hli ,,111'11 i I ~'III! lIl'II I Iuruu It" I, OillclvH nil tlIUI'al,nl.o, df! ulHl'n \ 11.1'11\,111, III itWI'III'PII Hll 'l'rattnti d'urrlutetluru. ('/vr'/(' (~ tuilitur« ('I'I'al,: I'f~ lin urhiI.tWI,III'tl ci v iltl ~i lIlili 1.1l1'11, :I 11:)(; ~i 'I [,()O) ,n' a L II Hl\I'io dn dMiH Ill! , iJlf{I~,i~illd plunuri, KI~nl,illlli, fut,j rln, dnLalii, anlropoll/.o/,/'c.: 1 Jl fil'ear'fl dint.re llcoHLe dE} ~1I1l, figul'u IJlnuwl f!Hl.n illt.I\g'J'lIl.j~1 JIJ'g-lIllie; III Htl'IWI.IIl'1t It I' liLeel,IU'(II'I,

,1'r.illLtlf'PI'(·~l.illd, : IIHLfpl, dn pI! p01.itii ,'nlillF :nlll.iHl.n, 0 docL"irlll sl.ruvechn, dl! 1"'(J"IHlif'"t,11 Of,j(! 111.11 Iii, I "t:iuduJ'oli l'igur'ii urnane ill £Ibid il'p, WI 1'1~lIlni III unni jusl ! IH'OJlOl't,ii, 1111"" ""I·j lHti~III'P 1I~lltllll' ~i II jlllfoft'ldJl HI,nhilil,' 11'. Iltl tllhlP invuluut.nr j~lIgllldlll III I) IlUli 1llIlIIirl~Hlllr' H IwnKI,lll idl'i: III IPg'llIlIllI 41111'11 111'-11,1 I"' .. ~.IIIII il ill uu.n III'ill lllHljlHj,I'nli'l It nldw' I\lIIi 1111111,1' !'0I'0al'lI dill I'IIHIHI 1I111~lIl'()pl'i

~i nlll'I' ~i-n g"1'\f\lil, II 1IIlIll\l'"I,jZIII'j\ nl.ll, tI" IHII I il::t in 1'01. ulnru! l'OIIlIII1P~1I III Il'g'lllIlill MI"~''''I'IiI,,'' iII( nulr. ,)i !-Ii.! IHI uil.iuu nr'1 ~llIlIolt~ 1'1'11 1111 ~,'lIn~l,t'l' 111111',,' 1 lid il~li 1111

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4. EPOCA MODERNA ~I CONTEMPORANA

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lIill! 111'11.1':, ;\1'111011.111 ill 111I!:~Lpl'n ul,ill pl'ill 1'1'111,1111'1'11 I'lglIl';; pl'illnipHI~\ 11111'411'.-1 ill ~Hlhd.i\'IZillllilll KIIII',1< I>I'~i 1:lIl'il .u 11I1 lui T"il'l'~dl 1111 111'11 dl'l~i,L n)ll'u:dllllll.i\' 1III pUg'jlli, I'I'jll'" oil'illl I'OPII1t1l1l1. till 1\1 PHt,. 11\1.1'11111 dl1 1 II IJHI 1'1,111 rl. ,.11111.1'11 PHlIC\J'lIulli I'J'OPIII'\,it\ III lll'hill'd urn, lJ.~III1I'''C:O Id'll'il'ic:il dilll,I'''U .1111.1'1 II ~II\1'in '1III,I'I'II~!Ji dn dillUll'j t,d "Ii uri IIi', l.olll,1I HiKI.IIIIIIIln hilu'ltll1,:-;;i uu 1.1I111.1111ii Thilll'Hnh 1111 II I'IIHI. uuturu] IltlPHI,IIi pl'iIH:ipitJ.C,1 1IIIIIIIIi (\11111111'1,1-111'1'1'01'1111111.11. ill mod ~liilll,jl'it.\ ill tql(l(\11 Inllt!t'I'llli, pl'jlwipilil II I'IIHI. uumit ~i, "r't~~lIl11 lui 'I'hiorseh''. l luii li HI'"11 ~i "I'pJ.!,'uln !lnr,:tt"t(ii I pll JllH'ji [n IH'II pod.iou, III I'll! IIHld (Iii II Opt!I'J-' dll HI'hiLec;I,lJl'll, cu Kil Kat,iHI'Hnii Hilll\,ltl t~Hl.l!ti(l, t.ruhuie Hi, Iie pUHtl)n propof'\,ie dupit 0 sin:.:uri1 trianguliuie, eil ci orico arnostec de sistema ar ,'p,prezenLa 0 ulterare a Irumosului pur. Thiersch si-u ilustrut Ln~a cu 0 HBl'i(! de dosone, care Hint tot" at.lt.en exemplo din arhitucturu ant.ioii, mndievnlit ~i "P,IIHHCBIII,iHtil, 1I1IoJo dinl.r« ,lit! Iiind dnftS(~biL' de l'r'apunl;e, on df! pilcW Ll!llIplul dOl'ill A'I"W, In ~ (1(\1'(1 0 por't-iunn dn l'1'i-'l./i (douti (."iglifA ~i 0 mnl,ol'iI)I'nl'I'odtlo illl,oOJIIlli, III HII,II HI\III'li, rllludll priu(liPlllti HI,U H(\oPlIIWII I.I'tlllH\'n!'H:d(, II I.PIII plului (I'i~. WI), ThilH'H{}h: wlulIgll Il1s(t· Ol~ i "HilllpIH m\Plll{tIlIlI'tl " l'iMlI'I'illll', r,'ii'fi, vHl'i:H~ii f,li (\Olll'I'''~I,o~ ,IHHII' pi'il'tlll, I'" hunii tll'npl,lIl,p, '1I0lHtLOllll Hi ')llint.i(:oIlHilll. Hi illdiwI Hi (\1I1'tlnl.i\'1I1 IW(lHI,1I1

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Modu e(~I'eoLi1r'ilOl' LeOl·I~1.,lon l'nl'i~J'il,lIll1'n In 1)J'()IHII'\.ii ~i In PUIItH'OIl III IU'Opol't,j,Il:'·' 1110.11', rOlll'ln J'iiHl'iJldit.i"j ill l.oal.JllllnwlI hwii do In 111nnpuLlii K(~llolllllii III XI X-Itllt -II 01111 WHlul. ill flIH\O III I III \ X. -11m It IIIU pi oH I'll r I'j I't, I H'PC~I'dnul., 'Ill hihliog'l'lIl' l~tq'ltlllll, IHI 1111111" 111,,.,,,(#.1111 (,",.II/', II pllhliCl"I, 111 1111111 :1 U:IH, Huh t'~~idll Hihliul.uui] Pulll!.iun clillOl'll~ld Spil'u (H.li'.(~,), II 'hildiogl'oriB u Itlt:I'oI'ilol' 1'lll'(II'il,OIll'CI III ItI'ohllllllll III'OIHII't·iiltll' ~i II ptlll41I'ii 1" PI'OpOI'\.itl, upiil'tll,(I ell! III IIInnplll.1I1 Htullllllilli III X IX -lou, illl,iLllluUi lIihlio/:l'lIphil! ::lIm I'rohlrn: dcr /'rtJ/JOl'fiollt"1..

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til nt~oHt, uoiuu d" IlIed;:"i ,'pl'nl'if,olll'n III pl'lIptll,tii ~;i In pIlIItU'OH ill 1)f'0 pm'\, in, :\pl'i III, i'(1 '~Illn (\11 tllll'lId,tH' Pili' iHI,ol'in ~i dUOllllltIlll.m't 411 IIdn\'iiltlll, \'IIII1I'OIlH4I ~i ul.iln, KtI 111'1 j'i I) i I'IIUI'I,41 1111 1I11H'4I:i ~~II t ',j'i I'~' i, III I ~ 111'(1 1111 till' i i 1111' H 111-1 ~,i II oii 1111 ~~iIHiL III Hrll'~til, I,dl~,ill IIl1il',ii, tJ.d'illil,i\'ii 1.li iiulisouI,uhilii, II pllll4H'ii ill pl'nplll'~,in [u 1lI'lIil.otlLlIl'ii, uuu nhilll' elwin lIJ1iVIlI'f.lIt1u, vlllllbiJli 1l1.11.111 IIl'hil.(H~I,III'i'i, .dl. 'fi 'III &11'1.1110 plw:ll,il~Cl, I'nJlI.I'1I I',ln(\1I1'1I l'I'illll~!hi d I'tlpl.lIl1ghi,', dill l~tlln OIl~,llIltll'nl,o d,n uui IIl1l-ol'jul' (v.: III.A,I), 1'1111 nhilll' ~ii pnul.ru nll.o t.I'iuJlgili,t,II'i dl'npl,lIlIg'hien, !-HI giiHil, 111 Hneoiul JlOHtl'U t:d put,in, 1111 1.t:()I't~l.it'.illll t~:I1'1~ Hii HIHlI"ilul cu acel triunghi cI.I'OJlI,IJ)lghic~, ~i 1111 all.ul, m;i.n dloia arrnoniei uuiversalo, ~i ~.di nl, autorul respcct.iv, ~i JlU alti autori, a descoporit 'acca elwin. $i - ]UUI'U cur ios - ucost Ienornon s-a rH!tl~'~(:1J I,jll pli n f\('col HI X X-ltUI, sccolul in care industrializurca consu-uctiilor, pl'dabricarea elemenLelor de oonsl.ruol.in al.ruol.urnle, morluliiri]« IlInl.l'itlll ul.o, nu IIHldil'il~lIl, I'lld it\1I I opl,il~1I IIl'hiIIH',\,lIl'lIli\

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UII nxumplu ClUl.o IlInJ'HI'I:)1I 1'0111'1,0 IlIlIpli' l tic llitrmani« ':111. I¥tdlllll, in df'" Nallll\llIltl,:n d(,/' Knust (AI'1I1tlllill 111 1I11ivOI'H, In nllLlIl'ii ~i 111':III'Ui), dn E, I.ot!nl'llllllnl', IIp!i- 1'lIl,ii 111 nnul :101.7 ~.Ii 111 dll'll 11111.01'111 pl'nl,illdo (Iii II dnHc:n· )U!l'il, ohnill lll'1110Hil~i IIllivnl'tHiln ~i di IWtll1 .dlni., III' ri triunuhiul nuruil. do 01 "IlI'llIflllit:".-, IIt~11KI, l.rillllgili "nrHlOnin" Jloriifld 1I1H;' ull.u] dpt~1I.,., I.l'ilillgitilil dn~pL- 1lllghie iROl-WOI. Po Ruto d.o pngilli dn t.nxl"illlpiilllli. t:1I fOl'nllllnt mdcmln, nplll'(l nl.e., 01 1l1t'.IIIII'di Hii lin t',OIl\'ill,.~ii nii ol'inn fOl'llill 1111,llllil.j·j 1" IIl1i\'III'Htlll 1I1I1,lIl'ii ',Ii ill III'I.i'i HH(HllltiO lIOIIHI, 1,I'itJIIgili ,!,III'lIll1llio", ~i pnul.ru II 1111 1:011- villgtl ~-'" nvhul ill VOd'\1'11 (Iii lInin dtlllii vnlui-i tin hllz,'i (t~IlI,I!I,1I ~i ipOl.tlllll1.U) JI\I-i H111!. till njuus (~i lIit~i 11·111' putea fi) -- 1'(l(,:lIl'gO H,i IH ull,n vulm-i, Hl.lIhililld II liHl.i. dt! l}nHHVnllll'j lU'ill"ipHI.~l: (I. -: ip"I,!1I1I1I'.1I :-~ 'I ; h . ~ tHI ..

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All. uxnuiplu: III'hiLtl.,~flll gnl'llllIll ()I.l.o Snlluhnl'l, H puhliout In nuul :JDG(li 0 lucrum, .In IIHplIlPIWH fOUl,to HlJlplu, iul.il.ulnl.ii Gt'Sl:/"::' ti('r llnukn ns (I ,"gl~1l nl'llil.nt~l.urii}, dnoi 1''')'III'il.f)HI'41; IIl1l1lUi (KUIl "I'I'IIUP" IIl1111lli) In llI'hil,nt~LUt'il. 111 nnHllHI.,ll luerur«, uul.orul, dn IIHI'I1WIIIlII pn HIII,1l d.n plIgilii cln Lt~);.I" iIlHo(.il.n dll HlIl.o d .. r()l.oJ~I'lIrii ~i dllHHlln, 1IIIItllll'I',ii Hi'i IIHC'.OIlVillg'il d& n], 1111 1I1~.ii, II dClHI\OpOl'il" I\hoill 1Il'IIIOlli.,i univorsnl«, ~i t~ii tlnlll' nhlli41 III' I'i 1,l'illllgiliu I )lil'UIII idll i, Schu ),111'" ill I UHii d I'tl pI. I.l'illllghi III pil'1I1llidlli 1111 IId"VI'I'~tI,lIl I.l'illllghi III pil'lIll1idoj (v.: 111.;\.'1.1.), ei ~,- pl'ol'i1.illd d .. I'lIpl.lIl nil I,g a •. t~OK ex :.~ :~~ 0,780:1" , (IX ;.;~ l'iilld IIl1ghitll IIHC1I1\.il, I"in "I l.riun-

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T(qL u~LfnJ, Iourl.e rnuJp uutori roJosr:s{: acel: l,>'£ fill-ad.! (lIooOl'i ~i plllllllf'j) uln 111101' Ildil'i(~ii nnl41h"4\ /i" iHLor'ill

./U'hi~'WI.UI'ii, It~ J)I'(!ziIlUi 'if) (!14!Vll\,jI~ (ullicllil pJ'oin(:po vm'Lwnl'l ol'l,og'oJlull1) ~i In I.l'iuligu IOHzil, fipl~1 "0 dill ei, dtqHl IlI'opl'ill Hfl I,PIII'jllt t~HI'tI ~p ~!ilHtl~I,n, cll' I'it' '1I1't1 tlut.ti, dn IlHIHIlIHIOIl nonril'Il\lll.il. Sn 1I11~1.11 II~Hdar' ill lOd ril'nHI~ 111t.l'tlhHl'IlIl,log-il,jllll'i: 4~11I11 HI' nXl'li4~h 1I1~n"HUI n udiltlHlil1 i' ,1l"HIIIIIIHIII oHI.o simplu. Sli IlIillll do nxnmplu I uzu]. IIll11i 11I1,tlI'(~ClJtIlHlIIHlIlL (fig', (j7), Vll'ful ;1 Ulllllg'hillllj HHt\lItil, min, HI I'('illllglliului do 1'"lInl'o ill pl'(Jpoi'~,i(l In IIflii III cnpil.nlul eoloHnni dill dl'nHpLn, vlrlul IJ HI ururhiului 'H;(\lI~,il, IllUl'1l HI· t.1'illll~hitlllii Hn nflii In hll~1 (~olltllilpi din KI,llIglI, iur vlrful IIllghillllli (II'opl, At! Hl'li III illl.lll·· Hoo\.ill IIl'iZOlltllh~i dllHi', dill PllIWI,lIl IJ 1:11 vnrt.i ~nlll noh4ldl.li dill JlIIIWt.1I1 .1, Dill' I'll IItd.1I I /1 )I0lll.n ri piIlHIII, rill

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