Wind Velocity and Wind Load

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Wind Velocity and Wind Load

Wind loads on surfaces
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When moving air - wind - is stopped by a surface - the dynamic energy in the wind is transformed to pressure. The
pressure acting the surface transforms to a force
Fw = pd A
= 1/2 v2 A (1)
where
Fw = wind force (N)
A = surface area (m2)
pd = dynamic pressure (Pa)
= density of air (kg/m3)
v = wind velocity (m/s)
Note - in practice wind force acting on a object creates more complex forces due to drag and other effects.

Wind Velocity
(m/s)

Wind Load1)
(N/m2)

0.6

2.4

5.4

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Wind Load1)
(N/m2)
9.6

15

22

29

38

49

10

60

11

73

12

86

13

101

14

118

15

135

16

154

17

173

18

194

19

217

20

240

21

265

22

290

23

317

24

346

25

375

26

406

27

437

28

470

29

505

30

540

31

577

32

614

33

653

34

694

35

735

36

778

37

821

38

866

39

913

40

960

41

1009

42

1058

43

1109

44

1162

45

1215

46

1270

47

1325

48

1382

49

1441

50

1500

Wind Velocity
(m/s)

1)

density of air 1.2 kg/m3

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1 m/s = 3.6 km/h = 196.85 ft/min = 2.237 mph

1 N/m2 = 1 Pa = 1.4504x10-4 psi (lb/in2)

Example - Wind Load acting on a Surface

A hurricane with velocity 35 m/s is acting on a 10 m2 wall. The dynamic force can be calculated as
Fw = 1/2 v2 A
= 1/2 (1.2 kg/m3) (35 m/s)2 (10 m2)
= 7350 N
Or - from the table above the wind load per square meter is 735 N/m2. The total load on the wall can be calculated as
(735 N/m2) (10 m2) = 7350 N
A hurricane acting on a 10 m2 wall creates a force equal to the weight of aprox. 750 kg.
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Related Topics
Mechanics - Forces, acceleration, displacement, vectors, motion, momentum, energy of objects and more
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Related Documents
Wind Power - Power generated from the wind
Beaufort Wind Scale - The Beaufort description and observation of wind and wind velocity
Wind Shear - Wind slowed down at the surface by trees and obstructions - wind shear
Force - Force - Newton's third law and acceleration
Dynamic Pressure - Dynamic pressure is the kinetic energy per unit volume of a fluid

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