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EXERCÍCIOS E TABELAS
Itajubá/2009
Capítulo 1 - ESTATÍSTICA DESCRITIVA
2) Um eixo é formado por 3 componentes x1, x2 e x3. Sabe-se que estas dimensões (em
mm) se distribuem normalmente, tal que x1~N(40; 2), x2~N(35; 3) e x3~N(45; 5).
Determine o (i) comprimento médio, (ii) o desvio padrão e a (iii) tolerância do sistema
após a montagem.
3) The demand for bottled water increases during the hurricane season in Florida. The
operations manager at a plant that bottles drinking water wants to be sure that the filling
process for one-gallon bottles is operating properly. Currently, the company is testing the
weights of one-gallon (3,78 l) bottles. A random sample of 75 bottles is tested and the
weights are described in the following table.
3,57 3,63 3,64 3,65 3,67 3,67 3,67 3,69 3,69 3,71 3,71 3,71 3,71 3,72 3,72
3,73 3,74 3,74 3,74 3,74 3,74 3,75 3,75 3,75 3,76 3,76 3,77 3,77 3,77 3,77
3,77 3,77 3,78 3,78 3,79 3,79 3,79 3,79 3,80 3,81 3,81 3,81 3,81 3,81 3,82
3,82 3,82 3,82 3,82 3,84 3,84 3,85 3,85 3,86 3,86 3,87 3,87 3,88 3,89 3,89
3,90 3,91 3,93 3,93 3,94 3,94 3,94 3,94 3,95 3,96 3,96 3,98 3,99 4,06 4,11
a) Find the mean, range, variance and standard deviation of the bottle weights;
b) Find the five-number summary of the weights and the interquartile range for this
data;
c) What is the value of the coefficient of variation? Construct a box-and-whisker plot.
4) The accompanying table shows test scores of 40 students. Write a complete report
according to the aforementioned items of Question 3.
54 62 68 73 79 83 89 93
56 62 70 75 81 85 89 93
56 66 70 77 81 86 90 94
59 67 73 78 82 86 90 95
60 68 73 79 83 88 91 98
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
5) The following data shows the percentage returns for the 25 largest U.S. common stock
mutual funds for a particular day. Write a summary report as cited in Question 3.
133 187 194 199 203 203 215 240 245 246 247 256 280
296 303 307 308 308 312 323 329 368 380 395 509 -
7) Mostre que:
n
(a) ( xi x) 0
i 1
2
n
2
n
2 2
n
2
xi
(b) xi x x i nx x i
i 1 i 1 i 1 n
k k
2
(c) ni x i x ni x i2 nx 2
i 1 i 1
k k
2
(d) f i xi x f i x i2 x2
i 1 i 1
10 45 51 60 62 65 67 71 75 81
15 45 53 60 62 66 67 71 75 81
23 47 54 60 63 66 68 71 75 83
33 48 54 60 63 66 69 73 76 85
34 48 55 60 64 66 70 73 76 85
35 50 57 61 64 66 70 74 77 86
37 50 58 61 64 66 70 74 77 88
42 50 58 61 65 67 71 75 79 92
Qual é o QI médio global dos três estabelecimentos? Que tipo de média foi utilizada?
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
11) Em certo ano, uma empresa pagou a cada um de seus 45 estagiários um salário médio
mensal de R$ 800, a cada um de seus 67 funcionários juniores R$ 2.000, a cada um de
seus 58 plenos R$ 2.600 e a cada um de seus 32 seniores R$ 3.100. Qual o salário médio
mensal dos 202 empregados?
12) Dado o histograma abaixo, calcular a média, a variância, a mediana e o 3o quartil.
Sabe-se que o número total de observações é 90.
25
20
15
13
5
4
3 3
2
10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
13) Dado o conjunto de observações
120 107 95 118 150 130 132 109 136
( a ) Determinar os quartis.
( b ) Calcular a média aparada com m = 1.
( c ) A média aparada praticamente coincide com a média aritmética simples. Por
quê?
14) Calcule x , S2 e S para os dados abaixo, onde os valores de x são pontos médios de
intervalos. Determine o escore padronizado para x = 80:
xi 15 25 35 45 55 65 75 85 95 105
ni 1 5 12 18 21 19 10 7 6 1
15) A série a seguir representa os tempos, em minutos, de espera numa fila de ônibus,
durante 13 dias, de um cidadão que se dirige diariamente ao seu emprego:
15 10 2 17 6 8 3 10 2 9 5 9 13
Calcular a média e a mediana.
Idade ni Idade ni
15 ├── 20 16 35 ├── 40 17
20 ├── 25 35 40 ├── 45 8
25 ├── 30 44 45 ├── 50 2
30 ├── 35 27 50 ├── 55 1
Calcular:
a) x , s, x~ , Q1, Q3;
b) o intervalo interquartílico Q3 - Q1;
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
17) Para comparar a precisão de dois micrômetros, um técnico estuda medidas tomadas
com ambos os aparelhos. Com um mediu repetidamente o diâmetro de uma pequena esfera
de rolamento; as mensurações acusam média de 5,32 mm e d.p. de 0,019 mm. Com outro
mediu o comprimento natural de uma mola, tendo as mensurações acusado média de 6,4
cm e d.p. de 0,03 cm. Qual dos dois aparelhos é relativamente mais preciso?
18) O que acontece com a mediana, a média e o desvio padrão de uma série de dados
quando:
a) Cada observação é multiplicada por 2;
b) Soma-se 10 a cada observação;
c) Subtrai-se a média geral x de cada observação;
d) De cada observação subtrai-se x e divide-se pelo desvio padrão.
19) A tabela abaixo mostra o tempo gasto por empregados numa determinada operação em
uma fábrica:
21) Os números de lugares vagos em vôos entre duas cidades foram agrupados nas classes
0├──5 5├──10 10├──20 20├──25 25├──30 30 ou mais.
Com esta distribuição é possível determinar o número de vôos em que há:
(a) menos de 20 assentos vagos; (b) mais de 20; (c) ao menos 9; (d) no máximo 9; (e)
exatamente 5; (f) entre 10 e 25?
22) Os pontos médios de uma distribuição de leituras de temperaturas são 16, 25, 34, 43,
52, 61. Determinar os limites de classe e o intervalo de classe.
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
NOTA: Os exercícios seguintes foram extraídos do capítulo 2 do livro Statistics for
Business and Economics (Newbold et al., 2003).
23) The demand for bottled water increases during the hurricane season in Florida. The
operations manger at a plant that bottles drinking water wants to be sure that the filling
process for one-gallon bottles is operating properly. Currently, the company is testing the
weights of one-gallon (3,78 l) bottles. A random sample of 75 bottles is tested and the
weights are in the following table. Write a report of your findings.
3,57 3,63 3,64 3,65 3,67 3,67 3,67 3,69 3,69 3,71 3,71 3,71 3,71 3,72 3,72
3,73 3,74 3,74 3,74 3,74 3,74 3,75 3,75 3,75 3,76 3,76 3,77 3,77 3,77 3,77
3,82 3,82 3,82 3,82 3,84 3,84 3,85 3,85 3,86 3,86 3,87 3,87 3,88 3,89 3,89
3,90 3,91 3,93 3,93 3,94 3,94 3,94 3,94 3,95 3,96 3,96 3,98 3,99 4,06 4,11
54 67 75 83 90
56 68 77 83 90
56 68 78 85 91
59 70 79 86 93
60 70 79 86 93
62 73 81 88 94
62 73 81 89 95
66 73 82 89 98
a) Find the 65th percentile, the median and the first and third quartiles.
b) Considering the grouped data, find the coefficient of variation (C.V. %) of the
distribution.
25) A sample of 40 accounting students recorded the time spent studying the course
material in the week before the final exam. Find all the descriptive statistics for the data.
1,0 2,3 2,4 2,6 2,8 2,8 2,9 3,0 3,5 3,6
3,6 3,9 4,4 4,5 4,8 5,0 5,2 5,5 6,2 6,7
26) A sample of 20 financial analysts was asked to provide forecasts of earnings per share
of a corporation for next year. The results are summarized in the following table.
1) Uma empresa envia 5 propostas para seus clientes e, historicamente, sabe-se que a
probabilidade da proposta se converter em um contrato é de 40%. Determine:
3) As linhas telefônicas de um sistema de reservas de uma Cia. Aérea estão ocupadas 35%
do tempo. Considere que 10 chamadas aconteçam.
4) Por que nem todos os passageiros de aviões aparecem na hora do embarque, uma Cia.
Aérea vende 125 passagens para um vôo que só comporta 120 pessoas. É o que se
denomina Overbooking. Se a probabilidade de um passageiro não comparecer para o
embarque é de 10%, determinar:
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
7) Um lote de peças contém 100 unidades de um fornecedor A e 200 de um fornecedor B.
Se quatro peças forem selecionadas, ao acaso e sem reposição, qual será a probabilidade de
que elas sejam todas provenientes do fornecedor local?
9) Um dia de produção de 850 peças fabricadas contém 50 peças que não satisfazem os
requerimentos dos consumidores. Duas peças são selecionadas ao acaso, sem reposição, da
produção do dia. Qual é a probabilidade de que haja duas peças não-conformes na
amostra?
10) O número médio de chamadas que chegam a uma central é de 10/hora. Determine:
11) O número de falhas em um fio delgado de cobre segue distribuição de Poisson, com
média igual a 2,3 falhas/mm. Determine:
12) Em uma seção de uma auto-estrada, o número de buracos, que é bastante significante
para requerer reparo, segue distribuição de Poisson com média de 2 buracos por km.
13) O número de erros em um livro-texto segue distribuição de Poisson, com média igual a
0,01 erros por página. Qual é a probabilidade de que haja três erros ou menos em 100
páginas?
14) Suponha que X seja uma variável aleatória que segue distribuição de Poisson, com
média igual a 0,4. Determine:
a) P (X = 0)
b) P (X 2)
c) P (X = 4)
d) P (X = 8)
e) P (X 4)
15) Suponha que o número de consumidores que entrem em um banco em uma hora seja
variável aleatória de Poisson. Suponha também que P (X = 0) = 0,05. Determine a média e
a variância de X.
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Capítulo 2 - APROXIMAÇÃO DA BINOMIAL E POISSON PELA NORMAL
EXERCÍCIOS:
1) Suponha que x seja uma variável aleatória binomial com n = 200 e p = 0,4. Usando a
aproximação pela Normal, determine:
a) P x 70 b) P 70 x 90
2) Suponha que x seja uma variável aleatória binomial com n = 100 e p = 0,1. Usando a
aproximação pela Normal, determine:
5) Suponha que o número de partículas de asbesto em uma amostra de 1 cm2 seja uma v.a.
de Poisson com média igual a 1.000. Qual é a probabilidade de que 10 cm2 contenham
mais de 10.000 partículas?
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Capítulo 2 - CORREÇÃO DE CONTINUIDADE
a 0,5 np b 0,5 np
Pa x b P Z
np 1 p np 1 p
6) Suponha que X seja uma v.a. binomial com n = 50 e p = 0,1. Pelo fato de X ser uma v.a.
discreta, P x 2 P x 2,5 . No entanto, a aproximação normal para P x 2 pode ser
melhorada aplicando-se a aproximação para P x 2,5 . Compare os resultados nos dois
casos. Use a correção de continuidade para P x 10 .
7) Suponha que X seja uma v.a. binomial com n = 50 e p = 0,1. Pelo fato de X ser uma v.a.
discreta, P x 2 P x 1,5 . No entanto, a aproximação normal para P x 2 pode ser
melhorada aplicando-se a aproximação para P x 2,5 . Compare os resultados usando Z =
1,5 e Z = 2. Compare estes resultados com o valor exato de P x 2 .
8) Suponha que X seja uma v.a. binomial com n = 50 e p = 0,1. Pelo fato de X ser uma v.a.
discreta, P 2 x 5 P 1,5 x 5,5 . No entanto, a aproximação normal para
P 2 x 5 pode ser melhorada aplicando-se a aproximação para P 1,5 x 5,5 .
Compare os resultados usando Z11 = 1,5 e Z12 = 5,5 e Z21 = 2 e Z22 = 5. Compare estes
resultados com o valor exato de P 2 x 5 .
9) (Newbold, Example 6.8): A salesman makes initial telephone contact with potential
customers in an effort to assess whether a follow-up visit to their homes is likely to be
worthwhile. His experience suggests that 40% of the initial contacts lead to follow-up
visits. If he contacts 100 people by telephone, what is the probability that between 45 and
50 home visits will result?
10) (Newbold, 6.28): A car rental company has determined that the probability a car will
need service work in any given month is 20%. The company has 900 cars.
a) What is the probability that more than 200 cars will require service work in a particular
day?
b) What is the probability that fewer than 175 cars will need service work in a given
month?
11) (Newbold, 6.31): Suppose that half of all students of a university are dissatisfied with
the food service. Taking a random sample of 40 students and using the normal
approximation (with and without correction), assess the probability of P 18 x 22 .
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Capítulos 3 e 4 - ESTIMAÇÃO E INTERVALOS DE CONFIANÇA
1) Suponha que o tempo de permanência dos clientes em uma loja seja normalmente
distribuído. Uma amostra aleatória de 16 consumidores revelou um tempo médio de 25
min. Assuma que 6 min. Encontre os intervalos de confiança de 90%, 95% e 99% para
o tempo médio populacional, .
6) O preço típico dos livros utilizados em uma escola varia entre $10 e $90. Quantos
exemplares devem ser selecionados para se estimar, com confiança de 95%, o preço médio
real destes itens. Suponha que a média amostral esteja a menos de $2 do valor verdadeiro.
(Dica: use 0,25R ).
7) Uma empresa de limpeza urbana deseja estimar o peso médio do lixo doméstico
descartado pela população. Determine o tamanho da amostra necessária para estimar essa
média, para que se tenha 95% de confiança em que a média amostral esteja a menos de 2
kg do valor populacional real, cujo desvio padrão é 12,46 Kg.
9) Uma clínica está oferecendo um tratamento de redução de peso. Uma amostra formada
pelos registros históricos de 10 pacientes revelou uma média de 16,37 lb e desvio padrão
de 5,38. Encontre intervalos de confiança de 90%, 95% e 99% para o peso médio
verdadeiro perdido por todos os pacientes.
10) Uma universidade deseja estimar o salário anual médio que um aluno graduado em
administração recebe 5 anos após sua formatura. Uma amostra de 25 administradores
revelou x US$ 42.270 e s = US$ 4.780. Construa um intervalo de confiança de 95% para
o valor médio real.
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Capítulo 5 – Testes de Hipótese
1) A company which receives shipments of batteries tests a random sample of nine of them
before agreeing to take a shipment. The company is concerned that the true mean lifetime
for all batteries in the shipment should be at least 50 hours. From past experience, it is safe
to conclude that the population distribution of lifetimes is normal, with standard deviation
of 3 hours. For one particular shipment, the mean lifetime for a sample of nine batteries
was 48.2 hours. Test at 5% level the null hypothesis that the population mean lifetime is at
least 50 hours.
2) An engineering research center claims that through the use of a new computer control
system, automobiles should achieve on average an additional 3 miles per gallon of gas. A
random sample of 100 automobiles was used to evaluate this product. The sample mean
increase in miles per gallon achieved was 2.4 and the sample standard deviation was 1.8
miles per gallon. Test the hypothesis that the population mean is at least 3 miles per gallon
using 5% significance level. Find the P-value of this test, and interpret your findings.
3) A beer distributor claims that a new display, featuring a life-size picture of a well-
known rock singer, will increase product sales in supermarkets by an average of 50 cases
in a week. For a random sample of 20 liquor weekly sales, the average sales increase was
41.3 cases and the sample standard deviation was 12.2 cases. Test at the 5% level the
hypothesis that the population mean sales increase is at least 50 cases.
4) In contract negotiations, a company claims that a new incentive scheme has resulted in
average weekly earning of at least $400 for all customer service workers. A union
representative takes a random sample of 15 workers and finds that their weekly earnings
have an average of $381.25 and a standard deviation of $48.60. Assume a normal
distribution.
6) The production manager of a company has asked you to evaluate a proposed new
procedure for producing its double-hung windows. The present process has a mean
production of 80 units per hour with a population standard deviation of 8 . The manager
indicates that she does not want to change to a new procedure unless there is strong
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
evidence that the mean production level is higher with the new process. Taking a random
sample of n = 25 production hours the obtained sample mean was 83. Test with a
significance level of 5% if there is strong evidence that the production hour increased.
Find the respective P-value.
7) A manufacturing process involves drilling holes whose diameter are normally
distributed with population mean of 2 inches and population standard deviation of 0.06
inches. A random sample of 9 measurements had a sample mean of 1.95 inches. Use a
significance level of 5% to determine if the observed sample mean is unusual and
suggests that the drilling machine should be adjusted. (Hint: use two-sided hypothesis test).
8) A manufacturer of detergent claims that the contents of boxes sold weigh on average at
least 16 ounces. The distribution of weight is known to be normal, with 0.4 ounce. A
random sample of 16 boxes yielded a sample mean weight of 15.84 ounces. Test at 5% and
10% significance levels the null hypothesis that the population mean weight is at least 16
ounces.
9) A company which receives shipments of batteries tests a random sample of 9 of them
before agreeing to take a shipment. The company is concerned that the true mean lifetime
for all batteries in the shipment should be at least 50 hours. From past experience, it is safe
to conclude that lifetime is normally distributed with 3 hours. For one particular
shipment, the mean lifetime for a sample of nine batteries was 48.2 hours. Test at 10%
significance level the null hypothesis that the population mean lifetime is at least 50 hours.
10) A pharmaceutical manufacturer is concerned about the impurity concentration in pills,
and it is anxious that this does not exceed 3%. It is known that from a particular production
run, impurity concentrations follow a normal distribution with standard deviation of 0.4 %.
A random sample of 64 pills was checked, and the sample mean impurity concentration
was found to be 3.07%. Test at the 5% level the null hypothesis that the population mean
impurity concentration is 3% against the alternative that it is more than 3%. Find the
respective P-value in this case.
11) The accounts of a corporation show that, on average, accounts payable are $125.32. An
auditor checked a random sample of 16 of these accounts. The sample mean was $131.78
and the sample standard deviation was $25.41. Assume that the population distribution is
normal. Test as the 5% significance level against a two-sided alternative the null
hypothesis that the population mean is $125.32. Find the P-value of this test.
12) A process that produces bottles of shampoo, when operating correctly, produces bottles
whose contents weigh, on average, 20 ounces. A random sample of nine bottles from a
single production run yielded the following content weights (in ounces):
72 83 78 65 69 77 81 71
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Assuming a normal distribution, test the null hypothesis that the population mean
prediction would be 78.5. Use a tow-sided alternative and a 10% significance level.
14) A random sample of 172 marketing students was asked to rate on a scale from one (not
important) to five (extremely important) health benefits as a job characteristic. The sample
rating was 3.31 and the sample standard deviation was 0.70. Test at 1% significance level
the null hypothesis that the population mean rating is at most 3.0 against the alternative
that it is bigger than 3.0.
1) Two catalysts may be used in a batch chemical process. Twelve batches were prepared
using catalyst 1, resulting in an average yield of 86 and a sample standard deviation of 3.
Fifteen batches were prepared using catalyst 2, and they resulted in an average yield of 89
with a standard deviation of 2. Assume that yield measurements are approximately
normally distributed with the same standard deviation. Is there evidence to support a claim
that catalyst 2 produces a higher mean yield than catalyst 1? Use 1.0%.
2) The melting points of two alloys used in formulating solder were investigated by
melting 21 samples of each material. The sample mean and standard deviation for alloy 1
was x1 420 ºF and s1 4 ºF, while for alloy 2 they were x2 426 ºF and s2 3 ºF. Do
the sample data support the claim that both alloys have the same melting point? Use a
0.05 in your conclusions and assume that both populations are normally distributed and
have the same standard deviation.
3) A new filtering device is installed in a chemical unit. Before its installation, a random
sample yielded the following information about the percentage of impurity: n1 = 8 and n2
= 9, x1 12.5, s12 101.17, x2 10.2, and s22 94.73. Adopting 5%, has the filtering
device reduced the percentage of impurity significantly? Assume that both populations
have the same standard deviation.
4) A product developer is interested in reducing the drying time of primer paint. Two
formulations of the paint are tested; formulation 1 is the standard chemistry, and
formulation 2 has a new drying ingredient that should reduce the drying time. From
experience, it is known that the standard deviation of drying time is 8 minutes, and this
inherent variability should be unaffected by the addition of the new ingredient. Ten
specimens are painted with formulation 1, and another 10 specimens are painted with
formulation 2; the 20 specimens are painted in random order. The two sample average
drying times are x1 121 minutes and x2 112 minutes, respectively. What conclusions can
the product developer draw about the effectiveness of the new ingredient, using 0.05?
5) Two machines are used for filling plastic bottles with a net volume of 16.0 oz. The fill
volume is normal, with standard deviation 1 0.020 and 2 0.025 ounces. A member
of the quality engineering staff suspects that both machines fill to the same mean net
volume, whether or not this volume is 16.0 oz. A random sample of 10 bottles is taken
from the output of each machine.
Machine 1 16,03 16,04 16,05 16,05 16,02 16,01 15,96 15,98 16,02 15,99
Machine 2 16,02 15,97 15,96 16,01 15,99 16,03 16,04 16,02 16,01 16,00
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Using a 0.05, do you think the engineer is correct?
6) Two types of plastic are suitable for use by an electronics component manufacturer. The
breaking strength of this plastic is important. It is known that 1 2 1,0 psi. From a
random sample of size n1 = 10 and n2 = 12, we obtain x1 162 .5 and x2 155 .0 psi . The
company will not adopt plastic 1 unless its mean breaking strength exceeds that of plastic 2
by at least 10 psi. Based on the sample information, should it use plastic 1? Use a 0.05
significance level in your findings.
7) Two machines are used to fill plastic bottles with dishwashing detergent. The standard
deviations of fill volume are known to be 1 0.10 fluid ounces and 1 0.15 fluid
ounces for the two machines, respectively. Two random samples of n1 = 12 bottles from
machine 1 and n2 = 10 bottles from machine 2 are selected, and the sample mean fill
volumes are x1 30 .87 fluid ounces and x2 30 .68 fluid ounces. Assume normality.
Using a significance level of 1% and 5%, is it possible to conclude that the machines have
the same performance?
Before 195 213 247 201 187 210 215 246 294 310
After 187 195 221 190 175 197 199 221 278 285
Otherwise, is there evidence to support the claim that this particular diet modification
program will result in a mean weight loss of at least 10 pounds? Use 0.05.
9) In a study comparing banks in Germany and Great Britain, a sample of 145 matched
pairs of banks was formed. Each pair contained one German and one Great Britain bank.
The pairings were made in such a way that the two members were as similar as possible in
regard to such factors as sizes and age. The ratio of total loans outstanding to total assets
was calculated for each of the banks. For this ratio, the sample mean difference (German –
Great Britain) was 0.0518, and the sample standard deviation of the differences was
0.3055. Test the hypothesis that the two population means are equal.
10) Fifteen adult males between the ages of 35 and 50 participated in a study to evaluate
the effect of diet and exercise on blood cholesterol levels. The total cholesterol was
measured in each subject initially and then three months after participating in an aerobic
exercise program and switching to a low-fat diet. The data are shown in the accompanying
table. Do the data support the claim that low-fat diet and aerobic exercise are of value in
producing a mean reduction in blood cholesterol levels? Use =0.05.
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Capítulo 5 – TESTES DE HIPÓTESE PARA UMA PROPORÇÃO
1) Of a random sample of 361 owners of small businesses that had gone into bankruptcy,
105 reported conducting no marketing studies prior to opening the business. Test the null
hypothesis that at most 25% of all member of this population conducted no marketing
studies before opening the business.
2) A semiconductor manufacturer produces controller used in automobile engine
applications. The customer requires that the process fallout or fraction of defectives at a
critical manufacturing step not exceed 5% and that the manufacturer demonstrate process
capability at this level of quality using 5% of significance level. The semiconductor
manufacturer takes a random sample of 200 devices and finds that four of them are
defective. Can the manufacturer demonstrate process capability for the customer?
3) A researcher claims that at least 10% of all helmets have manufacturing flaws that could
potentially cause injury to the wearer. A sample of 200 helmets revealed that 16 helmets
contained such defects. Does this finding support the researcher’s claim? (Use 1%
significance level). Find the P-value for this test.
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
random sample from a normal population, test against a two-sided alternative the null
hypothesis that the population variance of their scores is 300.
1) Em uma amostral aleatória de 200 motoristas de carros nacionais em uma cidade, 165
afirmaram usar regularmente o cinto de segurança, enquanto, em uma outra amostral de
250 motoristas de carros estrangeiros na mesma cidade, 198 afirmam usar regularmente
este dispositivo. Usando nível de significância de 5%, determine se existe diferença
significativa quanto ao uso do cinto.
5) The melting points of two alloys used in formulating solder were investigated by
melting 21 samples of each material. The sample standard deviation for alloy 1 was s1 4
ºF, while for alloy 2 they were s2 3 ºF. Do the sample data support the claim that both
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
alloys have the same variance? Use a 5% significance level in your conclusions and
assume that both populations are normally distributed.
6) A new filtering device is installed in a chemical unit. Before its installation, a random
sample yielded the following information about the percentage of impurity: n1 = 8 and n2
= 9, s12 101.17 and s22 94.73. Adopting 5%, do the sample data support the claim
that both alloys have the same variance?
7) The diameter of steel rods manufactured on two different extrusion machines is being
investigated. Two random samples of sizes n1 =15 and n2 =17 are selected, and sample
variances are s12 0.35 and s22 0.40, respectively. Using 5%, test the null hypothesis
2 2
that 1 2 .
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Capítulo 6 - ANOVA
1) A corporation is trying to decide which of three types of automobile to order for its fleet
– domestic, Japanese or European. Five cars of each type were ordered, and after 10.000
miles of driving, the operating cost per mile of each was assessed. The following tables in
cents per mile were obtained.
Using 5%, test the null hypothesis that the population mean operating costs per mile
are the same for these three types of cars.
15% 7 7 15 11 9
20% 12 17 12 18 18
25% 14 18 18 19 19
30% 19 25 22 19 23
35% 7 10 11 15 11
4) An experiment was run to determine whether four specific firing temperatures affect the
density of a certain type of brick. The experiment led to the data in the following table.
Using 5%, does the firing temperature affect the density of the bricks?
Temperature Density
100 21,8 21,9 21,7 21,6
125 21,7 21,4 21,5 21,4
150 21,9 21,8 21,8 21,6
175 21,9 21,7 21,8 21,4
Variety
Fertilizer
A B C D
Type 1 86 88 77 84
Type 2 92 91 81 93
Type 3 75 80 83 79
6) The objective of a study is to verify whether three marks of automobile have the same
fuel consumption. An experiment is then conducted choosing five people to randomly
drive each car three times. The data are available on the following table. Test at a 5%
significance level, the null hypothesis of equality among the population means. Is there
evidence of difference among the drivers? Is there strong evidence of interaction between
the driver and the car?
Automobile
Driver
Car A Car B Car C
Driver 1 25,0 25,4 25,2 24,0 24,4 23,9 25,9 25,8 25,4
Driver 2 24,8 24,8 24,5 23,5 23,8 23,8 25,2 25,0 25,4
Driver 3 26,1 26,3 26,2 24,6 24,9 24,9 25,7 25,9 25,5
Driver 4 24,1 24,4 24,4 23,9 24,0 23,8 24,0 23,6 23,5
Driver 5 24,0 23,6 24,1 24,4 24,4 24,1 25,1 25,2 25,3
7) An engineer suspects that the surface finish of metal parts is influenced by the type of
paint used and the drying time. He selected, according to the table below, three drying
times and two types of paint. Three parts are tested with each combination of paint type
and drying time. State and test the appropriate hypotheses using Anova and 5%.
8) An experiment describes an investigation about the effect of two factors (glass type and
phosphor type) on the brightness of a television tube. The response variable measured is
the current (in microamps) necessary to obtain a specified brightness level. Considering a
5% , carry out the Anova calculations and discuss your findings.
Question 7 Question 8
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Capítulo 6 - ANOVA/ANCOVA (MÚLTIPLOS FATORES)
2) Three different machines produce a monofilament fiber for a textile company. The
process engineer is interested in determining if there is a difference in the breaking strength
of the fiber produced by the three machines. However, the strength of a fiber is related to
its diameter, with thicker fibers being generally stronger than thinner ones. A random
sample of five fiber specimens is selected from each machine. The fiber strength (y) and
the corresponding diameter (x) for each specimen are shown in the following table. Using
5%, analyze these data and draw your conclusions.
3) An engineer is studying the effect of cutting speed on the rate of metal removal in a
machining operation. However, the rate of metal removal is also related to the hardness of
the test specimen. Five observations are taken at each cutting speed. The amount of metal
removed (y) and the hardness of the specimen (x) are shown in the following table.
Analyze the data using an analysis of covariance and 5%.
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
4) The quality control department of a fabric finishing plant is studying the effect of
several factors on the dyeing of cotton-synthetic cloth used to manufacture men’s shirts.
Three operators, three cycle times, and two temperatures were selected, and three small
specimens of cloth were dyed each set of conditions. The finished cloth was compared to a
standard, and a numerical score was assigned. Analyze the following data and draw
conclusions.
5) The percentage of hardwood concentration in raw pulp, the vat pressure, and the
cooking time of the pulp are being investigated for their effects on the strength of paper.
Three levels of hardwood concentration, three levels of pressure, and two cooking times
are selected. A factorial experiment with two replicates is conducted, and the following
data are obtained. Write your findings.
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
Capítulo 7 – CORRELAÇÃO E REGRESSÃO
1) The electric power consumed each month by a chemical plant is thought to be related to
the average ambient temperature (x1), the number of days in the month (x2), the average
product purity (x3), and the tons of product produced (x4). The past historical data are
available and are presented in the table 1:
Table 1 Table 2
2) A study was performed on wear of a bearing y and its relationship to the oil viscosity
(x1) and the load (x2). The data in table 2 were obtained. Fit a multiple linear regression
model and an interaction model to these data and predict the wear when x 1 = 25 and x2 =
1000.
100 5,11
210 4,42 4,5
290 4,07
y
415 3,52
4,0
509 3,33
613 3,44
3,5
697 3,77
806 4,07 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
x
908 4,28
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
4) (Cobb-Douglas): A company began producing small fishing boats in the early 1970’s.
The production method uses a workstation with a set of jigs and power tools that can be
operated by a varying number of workers. Over the years the number of workstations
(units of capital) and the workforce has grown to meet the demand for boats. To expand
the sales the company needs to know how much the number of workstations and
employees must be increased to achieve a higher level of production. Use an exponential
Cobb-Douglas model to solve the problem, considering the data below.
quantity demanded and P is the price per unit of the goods produced. According to the
historical data below, adjust an exponential model to the demand.
6) The following data shows the cooling temperatures (y) of a freshly brewed cup of coffee
after it is poured from the brewing pot into a serving cup. The brewing pot temperature is
approximately 180º F. Determine an exponential regression model equation to represent
this data in function of cooling time (x).
x 0 5 8 11 15 18 22 25 30 34 38 42 45 50
y 179,5 168,7 158,1 149,2 141,7 134,6 125,4 123,5 116,3 113,2 109,1 105,7 102,2 100,5
7) (Lagged Values): The following data shows the private consumption (y) and the
disposable income (x) in a country. Using these data, estimate the above mentioned
models.
a) yt 0 1 xt 2 xt 1 ; b) log yt 0 1 log xt 2 log xt 1 .
y 170 181 196 213 233 252 267 278 333 336
x 179 195 204 216 247 264 285 307 343 359
y 360 394 404 427 462 491 527 554 557 564
x 377 421 434 453 495 541 596 623 656 695
y 580 618 652 663 693 761 831 919 1003
x 731 773 827 856 901 978 1093 1206 1296
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
TABELAS
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
1 x
t2 2
(x) e dt
2
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
0 t
v
g. l. 0,25 0,10 0,05 0,025 0,01 0,005
1 1,000 3,078 6,314 12,706 31,821 63,657
2 0,816 1,886 2,920 4,303 6,965 9,925
3 0,765 1,638 2,353 3,182 4,541 5,841
4 0,741 1,533 2,132 2,776 3,747 4,604
5 0,727 1,476 2,015 2,571 3,365 4,032
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
2
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.
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EPR503 – Exercícios e Tabelas.