Cable Structures

Welcome!

10.03.2010 Seite 1

The PFEIFER Group

I

PFEIFER is one of the leading European companies for ropes,

anchoring and lifting systems.

The group consists of many companies both in Germany and abroad.

PFEIFER headquarters are located in Memmingen, Germany.

10.03.2010 Seite 2

The Company

PFEIFER has a more than 425 years tradition in manufacturing of ropes

I

The PFEIFER group today is one of the leading companies in Europe in

 wire ropes

60 % of business volume

 building systems

20 % of business volume

 lifting equipment

20 % of business volume

PFEIFER is the leading supplier of wire ropes in Germany

Wire rope manufacturing takes place at group company PFEIFER

DRAKO Drahtseilerei Gustav Kocks GmbH & Co. in Mlheim

10.03.2010 Seite 3

Group Figures 2009

total turnover

300 Mio. EUR

Employees

1200

active customers

16.000

own companies

with 19 operating companies in

9 countries of Europe as well
as in the Middle and Far East

world wide export activities

on all continents

10.03.2010 Seite 4

Business divisions

Building systems Lifting equipment

Anchoring and lifting Coil- and Paper roll grabs
Sheet lifters
systems
for transport and handling
Turnover tables
of concrete units
Spreader beams
Fixing systems
with socket dowels and
anchors for fixing purposes
Connecting systems
with bar couplers
steal bearing for T- beams
VS- box
stair case bearing

Lifting clamps
Chain slings
textile slings and
lifting belts
lashing systems
lifting equipment

Ropes for
Cable structures
special applications
Cranes
Excavators
Cable dredgers
Elevators
Drilling rigs
Mining

Bridges
Zoological and
botanical gardens
Sports facilities

Offshore

Wide span structures,

halls,
exhibition buildings

Cable ways
Ski lifts

Glass curtain walls,

roof structures

Medical equipment

Installation of cable
structures

10.03.2010 Seite 5

The world of PFEIFER!

Knowing the materials
Steel construction

Glass

Membranes
PTFE ETFE PVC

Know how to
design

Special components

Cables

Architectural needs
Engineering
Project
management

Structural analysis

Installation

Know how to realize

light weight structures

10.03.2010 Seite 6

Who we are!
PFEIFER Cable Structures defines itself as:
I Leading provider of Cable Structures


High expertise in project planning, project management, construction,

manufacturing, installation and maintenance of cable structures

I Distributor of well-engineered products for structural Tension Members



Producer of an approved cable tension member system as well as a

tension- and compression-bar system

Individual solutions like custom designed components

I Possibilities of system solutions



Generation and inspection of structural concepts (assisting architects in

the project planning phase)

Preparation of cost estimates and time frames

Static analyses for budgeting and installation

Design of special components

Development of method statements

10.03.2010 Seite 7

Client / Owner
Architect

Consulting

Engineer

Consulting
General Contractor
Project

PFEIFER
GC turnkey
PFEIFER
cables structure
PFEIFER
supply cables

Steel

Membrane

Glass

Timber

Complexity

10.03.2010 Seite 8

Architecture with cables

Stadia / Arenas

Bridges

Wide span structures,

halls and exhibition
buildings

Zoological and botanical

gardens

Glass curtain walls

and roof structures

Special structures
10.03.2010 Seite 9

Stadia / Arenas
I

FIFA World Cup South Africa 2010

I
I
I

Cape Town
Durban
Port Elisabeth

10.03.2010 Seite 10

Moses Mabhida Stadium, Durban, South Africa 2009

10.03.2010 Seite 11

Greenpoint Stadium, Cape Town, South Africa 2009

10.03.2010 Seite 12

Stadia / Arenas
I

FIFA World Cup Germany 2006

I
I
I
I
I
I

Stuttgart
Hamburg
Gelsenkirchen
Kln
Hannover
Frankfurt
10.03.2010 Seite 13

Gottlieb-Daimler-Stadium, Stuttgart, Germany 1993

10.03.2010 Seite 14

AOL Arena, Hamburg, Germany 1999

10.03.2010 Seite 15

RheinEnergie Stadion Kln, Cologne, Germany 2003

10.03.2010 Seite 16

AWD Arena, Hannover, Germany 2004

10.03.2010 Seite 17

Commerzbank Arena Frankfurt, Germany 2004

10.03.2010 Seite 18

Velodrome Abuja, Nigeria 2006

10.03.2010 Seite 19

Velodrome Athens Olympic Sports Center, Athen, Greece 2003

10.03.2010 Seite 20

National Stadium Main Bowl Complex, Abuja, Nigeria 2002

10.03.2010 Seite 21

Asian Games Main Stadium, Pusan, South Korea 2001

10.03.2010 Seite 22

Outdoor Stadium National Sports Complex, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

1996

10.03.2010 Seite 23

Architecture with cables

Sports facilities

Bridges

Wide span structures,

halls and exhibition
buildings

Zoological and botanical

gardens

Glass curtain walls

and roof structures

Special structures
10.03.2010 Seite 24

Ye Sanhe Bridge, Zhongwu, China, 2001

10.03.2010 Seite 25

Pedestrian bridge Bruneck, Italy 2003

10.03.2010 Seite 26

Pedestrian bridge port Duisburg, Germany 1999

10.03.2010 Seite 27

Liberty Bridge Falls Park on the Reedy, Greenville, USA 2004

10.03.2010 Seite 28

Architecture with cables

Sports facilities

Bridges

Wide span structures,

halls and exhibition
buildings

Zoological and botanical

gardens

Glass curtain walls

and roof structures

Special structures
10.03.2010 Seite 29

Hotel Kempinski, Munich, Germany 1993

10.03.2010 Seite 30

Glass Dome Historical Bathruin, Badenweiler, Germany 2000

10.03.2010 Seite 31

Time Warner Center, New York, USA 2002

10.03.2010 Seite 32

Seatac International Airport Central Terminal Expansion Building

Seattle Tacoma, USA 2005

10.03.2010 Seite 33

Architecture with cables

Sports facilities

Bridges

Wide span structures,

halls and exhibition
buildings

Zoological and botanical

gardens

Glass curtain walls

and roof structures

Special structures
10.03.2010 Seite 34

Bull Ring Zaragoza, Spain 1990

10.03.2010 Seite 35

Center Court Rothenbaum, Hamburg, Germany 1998

10.03.2010 Seite 36

Bull Ring Centro Integrado de Vista Alegre, Madrid, Spain 1999

10.03.2010 Seite 37

Multi- Storey Car Park Burda, Offenburg, Germany 2002

10.03.2010 Seite 38

Killesbergturm, Stuttgart, Germany 2001

10.03.2010 Seite 39

The new PFEIFER product system

NEW !

Focus on cable system

cable system = unit of cable and fittings

Because:
I The cable is only an element of a system

I The cable is only useful in combination with fittings

CABLE SYSTEMS

10.03.2010 Seite 40

Different Standards

DIN 18800 T1 1990

EC 3

ASCE Standard 19-96

ZR,d QS,d

FR,d QS,d

Sd s T

Q S,d - Design load

Q S,d - Design load

Z R,d - Limit tension

FR,d - Tension Resistance

T - load
s - safety factor

Design concept
LRFD

S d - Design strength

Design concept 
ASD
10.03.2010 Seite 41

The design concepts

ASD

LRFD

Allowable Stress Design

Load and Resistance Factor Design

Philosophy:

Philosophy:

the probability of
failure is zero

the probability of
failure is not zero

I The first design concept

I New design concept

I The concept:

I The concept:

One Safety factor only on load

side (Q)

R R Q Qk

R Q Qk


No difference between dead load (D)

and live load (L) in their frequency

The influence of deformation property

of materials is not considered

 NOT economically

Difference between dead load and

live load in their frequency

R R 1,35 Dk + 1,5 L k

R 2,0 Dk + 2,0 L k


One Safety factor on load side

(Q) and on resistance side (R)

The influence of deformation

property of materials is considered

 MORE economically
10.03.2010 Seite 42

Equal forces

DIN 18800 T1 1990

EC 3

Limit tension:

Tension resistance:

Z R,d

Z B,k
1,5 M

Characteristic value
of breaking load:

Z B,k A m fu,k k s k e

ASCE Standard 19-96

FR,d

Fu,k

Characteristic value of
breaking strength:

Fu,k Fmin k e
Minimum breaking
force:

1,5 R

Fmin

Design strength:

S d Sn f
Nominal strength of
the cable:

Sn
10.03.2010 Seite 43

The reference value of PFEIFER cable systems

Characteristic value
of breaking load:

Z B,k A m fu,k k s k e

Characteristic value
of breaking strength:

Fu,k Fmin k e

Design strength:

S d Sn f

The new PFEIFER cable systems resists these forces

Proven by tensile tests
The influence of the reduction factor ke, f is always included

=> Therefore Zbk is the only appropriate value to describe the system performance!
10.03.2010 Seite 44

The new PFEIFER product system

NEW !

The carrying capacity counts

Reference value = the force

Reference value - Force

I Define the size of the cable

system

Reference value !

I Based on the working method of

Architects and Engineers

I The reference is the

characteristic value of breaking

load ZB,k

10.03.2010 Seite 45

The new PFEIFER product system

Variety of PFEIFER cable systems
Cable constructions for open spiral strand - GALFAN

Up to
3 types
per 
NEW !
No 
overlap!
3

8

36

52

in mm
10.03.2010 Seite 46

The new PFEIFER product system

Colour code of PFEIFER cable systems
Guide system
I Each cable system is dedicated to one color.
I Better assignment between the elements of a cable system.

10.03.2010 Seite 47

The new PFEIFER product system

Variety of PFEIFER cable systems
NEW !

Graduation only in performance

I

Open spiral strand:

20%

to

40%

= 35%

10.03.2010 Seite 48

700

ZRd PG

21,3%

600

300

4,5%

400

0,0%

19,0%

500

32,1%

Caracteristic breaking load ZB,k kN

4,2%

% increase of capacity
ZRd OSS

3,1%

800

19,8%

Increase in performance for the PG system

200

100

OSS16 PG25 OSS18

Calculated
17,0mm
diameter:

OSS20 PG35 OSS22

20,1mm

OSS24 PG55 OSS26

24,4mm

OSS28 PG70 OSS30

28,3mm
10.03.2010 Seite 49

Choose the system

Choose the general type of system:

PE:

PFEIFER STAINLESS Steel Open Spiral Strand

PG:

PFEIFER GALFAN coated Open Spiral Strand

PV:

PFEIFER GALFAN coated Full Locked Cable

10.03.2010 Seite 50

Choose the system

a) Visual appearance:

PE

PG

PV

10.03.2010 Seite 51

Choose the system

b) Environment
Mild corrosion

Aggressive corrosion

(inside use)

(external use)

PE
PV
PG
dizn
zn

10.03.2010 Seite 52

Choose the system

c) Load Capacity ZB,k

56 kN

1189 kN

10.03.2010 Seite 53

Use the appropriate datasheets

10.03.2010 Seite 54

Easy and clear designation

Find the appropriate designation:
I The designation consists of:


System type: PE, PG, PV

System size: PE 5 to PV 2000

Type of left and right fitting: 800-999/800-999

PG 40

Type

System type and size

980

Left fitting

988

Right fitting

10.03.2010 Seite 55

www.pfeifer.de

I Examples and corresponding MS-Word Documents for B.o.Q. and specification

are available in the download area at www.pfeifer.de

10.03.2010 Seite 56

Summary:
The new cable system

Simple
Adjusted to the planners way of working: Load-bearing oriented
Latest standards and assessment concepts are considered
Clear presentation, helpful color coding, systematic descriptions

Capable
High performance of the PFEIFER cable systems based on ZB,k
Meaningful, coordinated performance range
High force transmission achieved with small cross-section

Fast
Consistently color coded product
No time consuming search, find the right cable system directly

10.03.2010 Seite 57

GALFAN-Corrosion Protection

Aluminium-oxide,
enclosed with zinc
atoms
Formation of the
aluminium-oxides
within the second
molecular layer.

Formation of the zinc

oxides and washing out of
the upper molecular
layer.
Stabilised layer of
aluminium-oxides
lasting as protecting
layer

10.03.2010 Seite 58

Results in laboratory tests

Surface-related residual deposit in g/m2
after salt spray testing according to
DIN 50021-SS, ASTM B 117

Surface-related residual deposit in g/

m2 under alternating water vapour
conditions in an atmosphere
containing sulphur dioxide (SO2)
according to DIN 50018-KFW 2,0 S.

10.03.2010 Seite 59

Nuage lger at the Grande Arche, Paris, France

1988/1989

INTRODUCTION
OF
GALFAN

10.03.2010 Seite 60

State of the art design

10.03.2010 Seite 61

Cable cutting principals

The length measurements procedures are extremely important

for cables. For a basic illustration different sections are shown:

Tension bar S355 ZRd = 662kN

56mm

Tension bar S460 ZRd = 669kN

48mm

Cable tension member VVS ZRd =

676kN

32mm

10.03.2010 Seite 62

Comparison chart

Criteria

Bar

Cable

Section
Risk of sharpy damages
Fillfactor f
Metallic cross section [mm

Single
High
1,0

Combination of wire sections

Low
0,74...0,89

10.03.2010 Seite 63

ERROR: rangecheck
OFFENDING COMMAND: image
STACK:
-dictionary-savelevel-