RELIGIA GRECIEI

ANTICE
Religia grecilor antici era o religie fara dogme, fara un credo rigid si fara
texte sacre. Acest fapt facea ca preotilor sa nu li se ceara o pregatire
teologica speciala, asa cum se intampla in alte zone ale lumii antice.
Practic, orice cetatean care se dovedea loial statului putea deveni preot, fie
intamplator, prin tragere la sorti, fie prin alegere.
durata functiei de preot era de obicei de un an. Insa existau si cazuri in
care preotul era numit pentru mai multi ani sau chiar pe viata.
In Grecia, biserica si statul erau una. Fiecare putea crede ce dorea, cu
conditia sa participe la ceremoniile cultului oficial.
Zeii Greciei antice, la inceputurile istoriei, erau atotputernici. Deasupra lor
era doarDestinul legea suprema a Universului, care ii asigura stabilitatea
si ordinea. Cu timpul insa, zeii au fost antropomorfizati, fiind inzestrati cu
calitati si defecte, cu virtuti si vicii umane. Astfel, zeii greci au fost umanizati
.
Ca forme de cult, cele mai importante erau rugaciunea, purificarea,
sacrificiile si respectarea sarbatorilor. Se aduceau ofrande zeilor, mai ales
sacrificii de animale, fiecare zeu avand preferintele sale: Atena prefera
vaca, Poseidon taurul, Afrodita capra, Asclepios cocosul.
Sarbatorile erau foarte numeroase, insa binevenite intr-un calendar care
nu era prevazut cu o zi de odihna ca in cel crestin. Doar in luna octombrie,
de exemplu, erau nu mai putin de opt zile de sarbatoare.
.
Templele nu erau pentru credinciosi, ci pentru zei, fiind locuinta acestora.
Punctul culminant al vietii religioase a vechilor greci il reprezenta
adorarea zeului sau zeitei orasului in timpul ceremoniilor publice. Acestea

reprezentau un moment apoteotic pentru intreaga comunitate. Cu toate

acestea, religia Greciei antice a fost distrusa de filozofie. Pitagora s-a indoit
de existenta zeilor, Socrate i-a ignorat, Democrit i-a negat, iar Euripide i-a
ridiculizat.

The religion of the ancient Greeks was a religion

without dogma, without a credo rigid and without
sacred texts. This makes the priest shall not be
required preparation Theological, as happens in
other areas of the ancient world. Virtually any
citizen who proved loyal to the state could become
a priest or randomly, by drawing lots, either by
choice.
of office of priest it was usually a year. But there
are cases in which the priest was called for many
years or even for life.
In Greece, church and state were one. Each may
think what he wanted, provided they participate in
ceremonies official cult.
The gods of ancient Greece, in the early history
were powerful. Above them was just fate - the
supreme law of the universe, which assures
stability and order. In time, the gods were
anthropomorphized, being endowed with qualities
and defects, virtues and human vices. The Greek
gods were humanized.
As forms of worship, the most important were
prayer, purification, sacrifices and observing
holidays. They bring offerings to the gods,
especially animal sacrifices, each god having his
preferences: Athens prefer cow, Poseidon - the bull,
Aphrodite - goat, Asclepius - cock.

The celebrations were very numerous, but

welcomed a timetable was provided with a day of
rest that the Christian. Only in October, for
example, they were no more than eight days of
celebration.
.
Temples were not for believers, but for the gods, is
home to them.
The climax of the religious life of the Greeks
they represented the worship of the god or
goddess of the city during public ceremonies. They
represented a triumphantly for the entire
community. However, the religion of ancient
Greece was destroyed by philosophy. Pythagoras
doubted the existence of gods, Socrates ignored,
democracy denied, and Euripides ridiculed.