RAW MATERIALS https://www.gov.

uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_d
ata/file/290818/scho0195bjkl-e-e.pdf
Tallow - a hard and fatty substance made from rendered animal fat
-comprised of 50 percent saturated fat, 42 percent monounsaturated fat,
and just four percent polyunsaturated fat
-Animal fat found in tallow contains vitamins niaicin, A, D, K, and E all of
which are very good for our skin. The fat also contains conjugated linoleic
acid which is believed to possess anti-inflammatory properties which may
also help fight cancer. Palmitoleic, also a nutrient found in tallow, is highly
regarded for its antimicrobial properties.
COCONUT OIL is an edible oil extracted from the kernel or meat of
mature coconuts harvested from the coconut palm (Cocos nucifera). It has various
applications. Because of its high saturated fat content, it is slow to oxidize and, thus, resistant
to rancidification, lasting up to six months at 24 C (75 F) without spoiling.

Sodium Hydroxide
AKA lye and caustic soda
Inorganic compound
It has no odor and comes in the form of either liquid or solid
As a solid, it is a plane white substance that comes in the form of pellets,
chips or sticks. In liquid form, it usually comes in the form of an aqueous
solution, seeing as it is easier to handle.
is used in many scenarios where it is desirable to increase the
alkalinity of a mixture, or to neutralize acids.
It can dissolve grease, oils, fats and protein based deposits.

Sodium hydroxide also known as lye or

caustic soda
White

solid and highly corrosive metallic base

and alkali salt
it

soluble in water, ethanol and methanol

is used in the process of making the soap.

.The Lye helps curdle the fat and make it solid to create a soap bar.
The sodium hydroxide is non-polar while the dirt molecules are polar. the sodium
attaches its self to the dirt pulling it from your skin.

Other Materials
Abrasives eg talc, diatomaceous earth, silica, marble, volcanic ash, chalk,
feldspar, quartz or sand. A variety of pigments, dyes, perfumes and anti-oxidants
can also be added to produce speciality products. The quantities used are small
in comparison to the main raw materials
UTILITIESTheutilitiesrequiredbytheplantareelectricity,waterandfueloil.Approximately720,000
kWhofelectricity,150,000m3waterand783m3offueloilwillbeconsumedannuallyforthesmooth
runningoftheplant.ThetotalcostofutilitiesisestimatedtobeBirr2,598,780.

Wastewater
WASTEWATER GENERATED INKS&DL
Karnataka Soap Industry produces 435m
3

/ dquantity of waste water. The effluent istreated by physical, chemical and Biologicaltreatment method
namely screening, primarytreatment, Aeration tank,
Secondarytreatment. The treated effluent is beingdischarged to the multiple sewers. Theefficiency of the
treatment plant in theremoval of different pollutants will beestimated, whether the treated effluent meetsthe
requirement of pollution control boardfor its safe disposal.

BY product
Why do most commercial soap companies remove the glycerine from their soaps?
A: Glycerine if formed naturally from the whole soap making process, and as it is more
expensive than the soap itself, most commercial soap companies then sell it to other
manufacturers making a big profit at the expense of your skin!
Q: Why is removing the glycerin not good for my skin?
A: Glycerin contains powerful moisturizing properties, and so their soaps can cause your
skin to become dry.
WASTE
Wastewater-